英语四级六级阅读天天练(08)：工作时学习一切可能吗？

英语四级阅读练习题文章一：社交媒体的影响随着科技的发展，社交媒体已经成为我们生活中不可或缺的一部分。

它改变了人们的交流方式，缩短了人与人之间的距离。

然而，社交媒体也带来了一些问题。

本文将探讨社交媒体对我们日常生活的影响。

首先，社交媒体极大地方便了人们的沟通。

人们可以通过各种平台分享自己的生活点滴，与朋友和家人保持联系。

但是，这也导致了人们过度依赖虚拟交流，减少了面对面的交流，有时甚至会影响人际关系的深度。

其次，社交媒体上的虚假信息泛滥，这给社会带来了不小的负面影响。

一些不实消息的传播可能会误导公众，造成恐慌或误解。

最后，社交媒体上的隐私问题也不容忽视。

个人信息的泄露可能会给用户带来安全风险，因此用户在使用社交媒体时需要更加谨慎。

问题一：社交媒体对人们沟通方式的影响是什么？问题二：社交媒体上虚假信息的传播可能带来哪些后果？问题三：在使用社交媒体时，用户应该注意哪些隐私问题？文章二：环境问题与可持续发展环境保护已经成为全球关注的焦点。

随着工业化的发展，环境问题日益严重，如空气污染、水污染和土壤退化等。

可持续发展的概念应运而生，旨在实现经济增长与环境保护的平衡。

可持续发展的核心是平衡当前需求与未来代际的需求。

这意味着在发展经济的同时，也要考虑到资源的合理利用和环境保护。

为了实现可持续发展，各国政府和国际组织正在采取一系列措施。

例如，推广可再生能源的使用，减少化石燃料的依赖；实施严格的环保法规，减少工业排放；以及鼓励公众参与环保活动，提高环保意识。

问题四：可持续发展的核心理念是什么？问题五：为了实现可持续发展，政府和国际组织正在采取哪些措施？问题六：公众如何参与到可持续发展的实践中？文章三：健康饮食的重要性健康饮食对于维持良好的身体健康至关重要。

合理的饮食习惯可以帮助我们预防疾病，提高生活质量。

本文将介绍健康饮食的基本原则和建议。

首先，均衡饮食是健康饮食的基础。

我们应该摄入足够的蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪、维生素和矿物质，以满足身体的需求。

英语四级阅读理解考前必练及答案Method of Scientific InquiryWhy the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at theculmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in thefollowing two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated,which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justlyregarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modernphilosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediatelyconversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greatervirtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin?Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth?Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—tothe influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in theomnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deductionchiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be toonarrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrastthat is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledgeis founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis,by induction anddeduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals toobservation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts ofone method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or partsof one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, animperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness inobservation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation—these arethe faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or themoderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greatervirtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the suddengrowth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and“theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their tooexclusive attention to the latter—proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge ofvagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are notcoordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts—a particular class of facts indeed, generallycomplex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positiveattributes of theories.Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of truemethod in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in truemethod. A factis a proposition of simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true has all the characteristics of afact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. Toconvert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the fullcharacteristics of a fact.1. The title that best expresses the ideas of thispassage is[A]. Philosophy of mathematics. [B]. The RecentGrowth in Science.[C]. The Verification of Facts. [C]. Methods of Scientific Inquiry.2. According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of science during thedays of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is[A]. the similarity between the two periods.[B]. that it was an act of God.[C]. that both tried to develop the inductive method.[D]. due to the decline of the deductive method.3. The difference between “fact” and “theory”[A]. is that the latter needs confirmation.[B]. rests on the simplicity of the former.[C]. is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.[D]. helps us to understand the deductive method.4. According to the author, mathematics is[A]. an inductive science. [B]. in need of simple verification.[C]. a deductive science. [D]. based on fact and theory.5. The statement “Theories are facts” may be called.[A]. a metaphor. [B]. a paradox.[C]. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.[D]. a pun.词汇1. inductive 归纳法induction n.归纳法2. deductive 演绎法 deduction n 演绎法3. culmination 到达顶/极点4. conversant (with) 熟悉的，精通的5. exercise 运用，实行，执行仪式singular 卓越的，非凡的，独一无二的6. conjunction 结合，同时发生7. omnipotence 全能，无限权/威力8. Providence (大写)指上帝，天道，天令9. commonplace 平凡的，陈腐的10. inquiry 调查，探究(真理，知识等)11. doctrine 教义，学说，讲义12. correlative 相互关联的13. antithesis 对立面，对偶(修辞学中)，对句14. coordinate 同等的，并列的15. subsist 生存，维持生活16. attribute 特征，属性17. connote 意味着，含蓄(指词内涵)长句解析1. Why the inductive and mathematical sciences,after their first rapid development at theculmination of Greek civilization, advanced soslowly for two thousand years are questions whichhave interested the modern philosopher not less thanthe objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant.[结构简析] 破折号后面的内容(见难句译注2)先撇开。

四级阅读理解真题练习1982年，英国经济学家安东尼·历兹曼提出了著名的柯南图说。

他认为人类的知识的增长可分为两类：回顾性地，每个人都可以通过慎重地阅读更多的杰出著作达到；前瞻性地，每个人都可以通过研究较近未来的发展趋势预知一些问题并且积极地为之做好准备。

在他看来，那些善于同时具备两种能力的人具有这样的特点：他们读得很多并且眼光独到，目光短视和莽撞行为是他们绝然排斥的。

事实上，实现这两种能力的并立是存在一些困难的。

一方面，回顾性地阅读和思考需要人们经历纷繁复杂的社会生活的历程。

另一方面，前瞻性地预知与追寻未来发展的需要则要求人们拥有更多的时间去关注当今社会中不同领域的最新进展。

于是，在实践中能够真正地同时具备这两种能力的人实属不易。

然而，在我看来，努力达到两者的平衡是至关重要的。

一方面，通过回顾性地阅读经典著作，我们可以从前人的智慧中获取宝贵的经验和知识。

这些著作代表了人类知识的积淀，告诉我们人类社会发展的演进过程和变革的轨迹。

通过从经典著作中学到的历史经验，我们可以更好地理解当今社会存在的问题，并且为未来提供有益的参考。

另一方面，通过前瞻性的思考和预测，我们能够更好地适应和应对未来社会的发展趋势和变革。

我们可以通过积极关注科技、经济、社会和环境等领域的最新进展，获得当下及未来的信息和见解。

这样的前瞻性思维使我们有机会提前做好准备，面对各种挑战和机遇。

那么如何同时具备这两种能力呢？首先，我们应该保持阅读的习惯，广泛涉猎各种著作，包括经典的文学作品、历史文献、学术论文以及当前热门的书籍、杂志和报纸等。

通过不断地阅读，我们可以不断地积累知识，提高我们的回顾性能力。

其次，我们应该主动参与社会，关注当今社会的变革和发展。

积极参与社会活动、聆听各方声音并思考社会问题，都是培养前瞻性思维的有效方法。

此外，我们还可以参加各种学术研讨会、社区讲座和培训课程，了解最新的研究成果和学术进展。

最后，培养平衡的阅读和思考能力需要坚持不懈的努力和时间的投入。

2008年6月21日大学英语四级考试(新题型)试题Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on Recreational Activities according to the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.Recreational Activities1. 娱乐活动多种多样2. 娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3. 作为大学生，我的看法Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home, Internet, and direct mail.T elevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire ? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication. But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen' by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous (具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.NewspapersAfter television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New Y ork Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually. It has increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in 168 dries. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer, more detailed message to their audience than they can through television. Given new production techniques, advertisements can be printed in newspapers in about 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the massage out. Newspapers are often the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local readers.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow. Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor billboards (广告牌)and the Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeat their ads often~ Internetcompanies are also turning to radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day. Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes — satellite and Internet radio — will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women's rifles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market. Magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver.A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous. If you read Sports Illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine's other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertisers using the print media —magazines and newspapers —will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the Internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers. These audiences will be more diverse and geographically dispersed(分散) than in the past. Second, advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising, also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective. Technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past. Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near future. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message. Direct mail includes newsletters, postcards, and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers. For many businesses, direct mail is the most effective form of advertising.1. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that______.A) it has large audiencesB) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company's reputationD) it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TV channels,______.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB) the number of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers' interest in other media has decreasedD) the number of TV ads people can see has increased3. Compared with television, newspapers as an advertising medium______.A) earn a larger annual ad revenue B) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniques D) get messages out more effectively4. Advertising on radio continues to grow because______.A) more local radio stations have been set upB) modem technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumersD) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio5. Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to______.A) reach target audiences B) appeal to educated peopleC) attract diverse audiences D) convey all kinds of messages6. Out-of-home advertising has become more effective because______.A) billboards can be replaced within two hoursB) consumers travel more now than ever beforeC) such ads have been made much more attractiveD) the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are______.A) quick to update B) pleasant to look atC) easy to remember D) convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences that tend to be______.9. Direct mail is an effective form of advertising for businesses to develop______.10. This passage discusses how advertisers select______for advertisements.Part ⅢListening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Question 11 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Give his ankle a good rest. B) Treat his injury immediately.C) Continue his regular activities. D) Be careful when climbing steps.12. A) On a train. B) On a plane. C) In a theater. D) In a restaurant.13. A) A tragic accident. B) A sad occasion.C) Smith's unusual life story. D) Smith's sleeping problem.14. A) Review the details of all her lessons.B) Compare notes with his classmates.C) Talk with her about his learning problems.D) Focus on the main points of her lectures.15. A) The man blamed the woman for being careless.B) The man misunderstood the woman's apology.C) The woman offered to pay for the man's coffee.D) The woman spilt coffee on the man's jacket.16. A) Extremely tedious. B) Hard to understand.C) Lacking a good plot. D) Not worth seeing twice.17. A) Attending every lecture. B) Doing lots of homework.C) Reading very extensively. D) Using test-taking strategies.18. A) The digital TV system will offer different programs.B) He is eager to see what the new system is like.C) He thinks it unrealistic to have 500 channels.D) The new TV system may not provide anything better.Question 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) A notice by the electricity board. B) Ads promoting electric appliances.C) The description of a thief in disguise. D) A new policy on pensioners' welfare.20. A) Speaking with a proper accent. B) Wearing an official uniform.C) Making friends with them. D) Showing them his ID.21. A) To be on the alert when being followed.B) Not to leave senior Citizens alone at home.C) Not to let anyone in without an appointment.D) To watch out for those from the electricity board.22. A) She was robbed near the parking lot.B) All her money in the bank disappeared.C) The pension she had just drawn was stolen.D) She was knocked down in the post office.Question 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) Marketing consultancy. B) Professional accountancy.C) Luxury hotel management. D) Business conference organization.24. A) Having a good knowledge of its customs.B) Knowing some key people in tourism.C) Having been to the country before.D) Being able to speak Japanese.25. A) It will bring her potential into full play.B) It will involve lots of train travel.C) It will enable her to improve her Chinese.D) It will give her more chances to visit Japan.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestion 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) The lack of time. B) The quality of life.C) The frustrations at work. D) The pressure on working families.27. A) They were just as busy as people of today.B) They saw the importance of collective efforts.C) They didn't complain as much as modem man.D) They lived a hard life by hunting and gathering.28. A) To look for creative ideas Of awarding employees.B) To explore strategies for lowering production costs.C) To seek new approaches to dealing with complaints.D) To find effective ways to give employees flexibility.Passage T woQuestion 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Family violence. B) The Great Depression.C) Her father's disloyalty. D) Her mother's bad temper.30. A) His advanced age. B) His children's efforts.C) His improved financial condition. D) His second wife's positive influence.31. A) Love is blind.B) Love breeds love.C) Divorce often has disastrous consequences.D) Happiness is hard to find in blended families.Passage ThreeQuestion 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) It was located in a park. B) Its owner died of a heart attack.C) It went bankrupt all of a sudden. D) Its potted plants were for lease only.33. A) Planting some trees in the greenhouse.B) Writing a want ad to a local newspaper.C) Putting up a Going Out of Business sign.D) Helping a customer select some purchases.34. A) Opening an office in the new office park.B) Keeping better relations with her company.C) Developing fresh business opportunities.D) Building a big greenhouse of his own.35. A) Owning the greenhouse one day.B) Securing a job at the office park.C) Cultivating more potted plants.D) Finding customers out of town.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.We're now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge. Physical (36) , raw materials, and capital are no longer the key (37) in the creation of wealth. Now, the (38) raw material in our economy is knowledge. Tomorrow's wealth depends on the development and exchange of knowledge. And (39) entering the workforce offer their knowledge, not their muscles. Knowledge workers get paid for their education and their ability to learn. Knowledge workers (40) in mind work. They deal with symbols: words, (41) and data.What does all this mean for you? As a future knowledge worker, you can expect to be (42) , processing, as well as exchanging information. (43) , three out of four jobs involve some form of mind work, and that number will increase sharply in the future. Management and employees alike (44) .In the new world of work, you can look forward to being in constant training (45) .Y ou can also expect to be taking greater control of your career. Gone axe the nine-to-five jobs, lifetime security, predictablepromotions, and even the conventional workplace, as you are familiar with. (46) And don't wait for someone to "empower" you. Y ou have to empower yourself.Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months 'of travel through Europe.I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly (47) to know my way around the continent.' Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was (48) to a little college French.I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, (49) unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up (50) and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable (51) I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment.There were some bad (52) . But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even (53) bookings, confident that somehow I will manage.The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition (54) . But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you.I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine river in a (55) . And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can (56) wonders.A) accomplish I) manufactureB) advanced J) momentsC) balloon K) newsD) claim L) reducedE) constantly M) regretF) declare N) scaryG) interviews O) totallyH) limitedSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B), C) and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneGlobal warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but — regardless of whether it is or isn't — we won't do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed.Al Gore calls global warming an "inconvenient truth," as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and —without major technological breakthroughs — we can't do much about it.From 2003 to 2050, the world's population is projected to grow from 6.4 billon to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly,CO2 )will be 420/0 higher in 2050. But that's too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economic growth unless we condemn the world's poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else's living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they're "doing something." Consider the Kyoto Protocol(京都议定书). It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn't. But it hasn't reduced GO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories(签字国) didn't adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008 - 2012 targets.The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking our dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it.The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it's really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don't solve the engineering problem, we're helpless.57. What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?A) It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.B) It is an issue requiring worldwide commitments.C) Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.D) V ery little will be done to bring it under control.58. According to the author's understanding, what is A1 Gore's view on global warming?A) It is a reality both people and politicians are unaware of.B) It is a phenomenon that causes us many inconveniences.C) It is a problem that can be solved once it is recognized.D) It is an area we actually have little knowledge about.59. Greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050 because of______.A) economic growthB) wasteful use of energyC) the widening gap between the rich and poorD) the rapid advances of science and technology60. The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol,A) politicians have started to do something to better the situationB) few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy useC) reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warmingD) international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems61. What is the message the author intends to convey?A) Global warming is more of a moral issue than a practical one.B) The ultimate solution to global warming lies in new technology.C) The debate over global warming will lead to technological breakthroughs.D) People have to give up certain material comforts to stop global warming.Passage T woSomeday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the Websites you've visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.In fact, it's likely some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen — the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked.Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it's important to reveal yourself to friends, family and loversin stages, at appropriate times. But few boundaries remain. The digital bread crumbs( 碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.The key question is: Does that matter?For many Americans, the answer apparently is "no."When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is "slipping away, and that bothers me."But people say one thing and do another. Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50- cents- off coupon (优惠卷).But privacy does matter — at least sometimes. It's like health: When you have it, you don't notice it. Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it.62. What does the author mean by saying "the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked"( Lines 3 - 4, Para. 2 ) ?A) People's personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge.B) In the 21st century people try every means to look into others' secrets.C) People tend to be more frank with each other in the information age.D) Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.63. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?A) Friends should open their hearts to each other.B) Friends should always be faithful to each other.C) There should be a distance even between friends.D) There should be fewer disputes between friends.64. Why does the author say "we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret" ( Line 5,Para.3)A) Modem society has finally evolved into an open society.B) People leave traces around when using modem technology.C) There are always people who are curious about others' affairs.D) Many search engines profit by revealing people's identities.65. What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection?A) They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.B) They use various loyalty cards for business transactions.C) They rely most and more on electronic devices.D) They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.66. According to the passage, privacy is like health in that______.A) people will make every effort to keep it.B) its importance is rarely understoodC) it is something that can easily be lostD) people don't cherish it until they lose itPart ⅤCloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed (67) extending man's knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions (68) from university to university, according to the views of the people in (69) and according to the resources available. The smaller and newer universities do not (70) the staff or equipment to carry out the (71) research projects possible in larger institutions. (72) most experts agree that some research activity is (73) to keep the staff and their students in (74) with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to (75) the knowledge needed for their chosen (76) . Educationists believe that this aim should not be the (77) one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women (78) judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. For this reason, they (79) students to meet others with differing (80) and to read widely to (81) their understanding in many fields of study. (82) a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own (83) . He should be prepared to (84) sacrifices to study his chosen (85) in depth. He should have an ambition to make some (86) contribution to man's knowledge.67. A) at B) byC) to D) in68. A) turns B) rangesC) moves D) varies69. A) prospect B) placeC) control D) favor70. A) occupy B) possessC) involve D) spare71. A) maximum B) mediumC) virtual D) vast72. A) But B) AsC) While D) For73. A) natural B) essentialC) functional D) optional74. A) coordination B) accordanceC) touch D) grasp75. A) acquire B) acceptC) endure D) ensure76. A) procession B) professionC) possession D) preference77. A) typical B) trueC) mere D) only78. A) with B) underC) on D) through79. A) prompt B) provokeC) encourage D) anticipate80. A) histories B) expressionsC) interests D) curiosities81. A) broaden B) lengthenC) enforce D) specify82. A) Amid B) AfterC) Over D) Upon83. A) object B) course。

【导语】九层之台，起于垒⼟；千⾥之⾏，始于⾜下。

备考的路上，哭过、累过、笑过，但只要坚持向前⾛，终将会拿到属于我们的证书。

以下是整理的“2021年6⽉⼤学英语四级阅读理解3篇”！祝⼤家备考顺利！【篇⼀】2021年6⽉⼤学英语四级阅读理解 On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more that they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet (芭蕾舞). Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spendan average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log hall that time. All in all, however, children’sleisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25% “Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机) that affects their parents,” says Sandra Hofferth,who headed the recent study of children’s timetable. A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and “male breadwinner” householdsspent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.) All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. “Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself,” says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships withtheir peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it. The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing “free time” watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If they’re spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren’t replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let’s face it, who’s got the time?【篇⼆】2021年6⽉⼤学英语四级阅读理解 There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine(内燃机)has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons (活塞)being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computer’s impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a formof literacy (读写能⼒);it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art. Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who havechosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making. Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly”. Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase learning to use a computer mean? It sounds like “learning to drive a car", that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired,enable one to use a computer. In fact, "learning to use a computer" is much more like “learning to play a game”,but learning the rulesof one game may not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same. There is no such a thingas teaching someone how to use a computer. One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.【篇三】2021年6⽉⼤学英语四级阅读理解 Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality， but when it comes to mycollege education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course,any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department，famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that‘s not what I did. I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts(⽂科)university that doesn‘t even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career.I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren’t studying science orengineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years,and I believed them. I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories” where they didn‘t care if you have values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer: technical genius and sensitive humanist(⼈⽂学者)all in one. Now I‘m not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses,I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile(协调) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college. The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don’t mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.。

英语四级CET4阅读练习题及答案英语四级CET4精选阅读练习题及答案在当今这个学习英语风潮盛行的社会，英语似乎已经成为了我们生活中不可或缺的一部分，下面是小编为大家搜索整理的英语四级辅导练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!Henry III didn't know much about biology. He went through six wives back in the 1500s, looking for one whocould bear him a son. Scientists now know that it's the father's sperm, not the mother's egg, which determines whether a baby is a boy or a girl. And last week researchers at the Genetics and IVF Institute, a private fertility(生育能力)center in Virginia, announced a new technique that will allow parents to choose the sex of their baby-to-be, before it has even been conceived. The scientist used a tiny laser detector to measure the DNA in millions of sperm cells as they pass single file through a narrow tube, like cattle being herded through a corral(牲口栏). In a study published last week, "girl sperm," which has more DNA—the genetic material—in each cell, was collected, while "boy sperm" was discarded. And when purified girl sperm was used to impregnate(使受孕)a group of mothers, 15 of 17 resulting babies turned out to be girls.The researchers say that "sex selection" can also double a mother's chance of having a son and can be usedto avoid genetic diseases that affect only one gender, such as hemophilia(血友病). But some experts, like New York University fertility specialist Dr. Jamie Grifo, worry that sex selection could lead to a kind ofin uteri(子宫)discrimination, especially in cultures where sons are considered superior to daughters. "It's valuing one gender' over another," Grifo says. "I don't think that's something we should be doing." So far, patients at the institute have been asking for bothboys and girls, in order to "balance" their families. And some ethics experts say that's fine, as long as parents are just looking for a little gender variety. "If you have three boys, and you want a girl," says University of Texas reproductive-law professor John Robertson, "that's not gender bias at all."练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The DNA in the sperm cells can be measured ______.A.in the same way how the cattle are herdedB.when they pass through a tube one behind the otherC.after they pass through a laser tubeD.when they are scanned by a laser detector all at a time2.The gender of the baby is decided by ______.A.the father's DNAB.the mother's DNAC.the father's spermD.the mother's egg3.According to this passage, the practice of "sex selection" ______.A.can help to prevent all genetic problemsB.is totally unacceptable to ethics expertsC.was already realized five hundred years agoD.will benefit families with certain inheritable diseases4.Girl sperm was preferred to boy sperm in the research most probably because____A.girl sperm contains more genetic materialB.more mother want to have girl babiesC.girl sperm is healthier and more activeD.girl sperm is more easily purified5.It can be concluded from the passage that author’stoward”sex selection”is____A.negativeB.positiveC.neutralD.favorable参考答案1.[B] 推理判断题。

英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析【阅读练习】What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat ,but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want on ly the best, but we strangely enjoy junkfood. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecede nted epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans cameto this c ontinent searching for new spices but went in vain. Th e first cash crop(经济作物)wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibi tion, intended to prohibit drinking butactually encour aging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inha rmony. Do as Romans do meanseating what “real A mericans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza,say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from p eople whoarrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’sdefining struggl es, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit?ins at so uthern lunch counters.It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from a lcohol forreligious reasons or evades meat for politica l 6But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans ar e ambivalent about what they putin their mouths. W e have become 8 of our foods, especially as we lear n more about what theycontain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consci ousness. It’s no coincidence, then,that the first Than ksgiving holds the American imagination in such bon dage(束缚). It’s whatwe eat—and how we 10 it with friends, f amily, and strangers—that help define America as ac ommunity today.A. answer I. creativeB. result J. beliefC. share K. suspiciousD. guilty L. certaintyE. constant M. obsessedF. defined N. identifyG. vanish O. idealsH. adapted【答案及详解】1. D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. “对……感到有愧”。

2008年12月大学英语四级考试真题Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes )1.一次性塑料袋曾被广泛使用。

2. 使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题。

3. 限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义。

Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)That's enough, kidsIt was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground."I'd watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he'd shoved," she says. "I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, 'No, we don't push.'" What happened next was unexpected."The boy's mother ran toward me from across the park," Stella says. "I thought she was coming over to apologise, but instead she started shouting at me for ' disciplining her child'. All I did was let him know his behaviour was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?"Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people's children has become a minefield.In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister's house it's encouraged. For her it's about kids being kids: "If you can't do it at three, when can you do it?"Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt's house. But I find myself saying "no" a lot when her kids are over at mine. That's OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you're talking to the children of friends or acquaintances."Kids aren't all raised the same," agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University. "But there's still an idea that they're the property of the parents. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you're saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that's somehow a criticism of me."In those circumstances, ifs difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought,"I'd go to the child first," says Andrew Fuller, author of Trick).' Kids. "Usually a quiet reminder that 'we don't do that here' is enough. Kids have finely tuned antennae (直觉) for how to behave in different settings."He points out that bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. "Raise your concerns with the parents if they're there and ask them to deal with it," she says.Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: "Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: 'I know you will think I'm silly but in my house I don't want...'"When it comes to situations where you're caring for another child, White is straightforward: "Common sense must prevail. If things don't go well then have a chat."There're a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate. "Now you can't do it without feeling uneasy about it," White says.Men might also feel uneasy about dealing with other people's children. "Men feel nervous," White says. "A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children."For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone. "The rules are different now from when today's parents were growing up," he says. "Adults are scared of saying, 'Don't swear', or asking achild to stand up on a bus. They're worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out--either from older children, or their parents."He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy(礼貌), and says that adults suffer from it as much as children.Meredith Fuller agrees. "A code of conduct is hard to create when you're living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.""It's about what I'm doing and what I need," Andrew Fuller says. "The days when a kid came home from school and said, 'I got into trouble', and dad said, 'You probably deserved it', are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers."This jumping to our children's defence is part of what fuels the "walking on eggshells" feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people's children. You know that if you remonstrate(劝诫) with the child, you're going to have to deal with the parent. It's admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?"Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries," White says. "I suspect that it's only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school--better-educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved."White believes our notions of a more child-centred society should be challenged. "Today we have a situation where, in many families, both parents work, so the amount of time children get from parents has diminished," she says."Also, sometimes when we talk about being child-centred, it's a way of talking about treating our children like commodities (商品). We're centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children."One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi's intervention(干预) on her son's behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy's mother.As Bianchi approached the park bench where she'd been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. "Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged."Andrew Fuller doesn't believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people's kids. "Look at kids that aren't your own as a potential minefield," he says. He recommends that we don't stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy's mother to do when she talked to him?[A] Make an apology.[B] Come over to intervene.[C] Discipline her own boy.[D] Take her own boy away.2. What does the author say about dealing with other people's children?[A] It's important not to hurt them in any way.[B] It's no use trying to stop their wrongdoing.[C] It's advisable to treat them as one's own kids.[D] It's possible for one to get into lots of trouble.3. According to Professor Naomi White of Monash University, when one's kids are criticised, their parents willprobably feel[A] discouraged [B] hurt[C] puzzled [D] overwhelmed4. What should one do when seeing other people's kids misbehave according to Andrew Fuller?[A] Talk to them directly in a mild way.[B] Complain to their parents politely.[C] Simply leave them alone.[D] Punish them lightly.5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society, ______.[A] parents are worded when their kids swear at them[B] people think it .improper to criticize kids in public[C] people are reluctant to point our kids' wrongdoings[D] many conflicts arise between parents and their kids6. In a world where everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, ______.[A] it's easy for people to become impatient[B] it's different to create a code of conduct[C] it's important to be friendly to everybody[D] it's hard for people to admire each other7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?[A] They'd question the teachers.[B] They'd charge up to the school.[C] They'd tell the kids to calm down.[D] They'd put the blame on their kids.8. Professor White believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be ______.9. According to Professor White, today's parents treat their children as something they ______.10. Andrew Fuller suggests that, when kids behave inappropriately, people should not ______.Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section AA bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural(47) for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers mm (48) to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to (49) from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a (50) of human experiences and come to (51) other ways of thought and living. And while (52) their own relationships and responses to life, the readers often find that the (53) in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own.Books provide (54) material for readers' imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books (55) their outlooks, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure (56) . The social and educational significance of the readers' books cannot be overestimated in an academic library.[A] abundant [I] establishing[B] characters [J] narrow[C] communicating [K] naturally[D] completely [L] personnel[E] derive [M] properly[F] desire [N] respect[G] diversity [O] widen [H] escapeSection BPassage OneIf you're a male and you're reading this, congratulations: you're a survivor. According to statistics, you're more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman, and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you'll die on average five years before a woman.There're many reasons for this--typically, men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke--but perhaps more importantly, men don't go to the doctor."Men aren't seeing doctors as often as they should," says Dr. Gullotta. "This is particularly so for the over-40s, when. diseases tend to strike."Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45, it should be at least once a year.Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker's cough for a year."When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer," he says. "Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged (延长) Ns life."According to a recent 'survey, 95% of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group."A lot of men think they're invincible (不可战胜的)," Gullotta says. "They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, 'Geez, if it could happen to him,...'"Then there's the ostrich approach. "Some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know," says Dr. Ross Cartmill."Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies," Camnill says. He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says. "But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater; it's called premature death."57. Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?[A] They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.[B] Their average life span has been considerably extended.[C] They have lived long enough to read this article.[D] They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life.58. What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?[A] Men drink and smoke much more than women.[B] Men don't seek medical care as often as women.[C] Men aren't as cautious as women in face of danger.[D] Men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.59. Which of the following best completes the sentence "Geez, if it could happen to him, ..." ( Line 2, Para. 8 )?[A] it could happen to me, too[B] should avoid playing golf[C] I should consider myself lucky[D] it would be a big misfortune60. What does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by "the ostrich approach" (Line 1, Para. 9 )?[A] A casual attitude towards one's health conditions.[B] A new therapy for certain psychological problems.[C] Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved.[D] Unwillingness to find out about one's disease because of fear.61. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?[A] They may increase public expenses.[B] They will save money in the long run.[C] They may cause psychological strains on men.[D] They will enable men. to live as long as women.Passage TwoHigh-quality customer service is preached (宣扬) by many, but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done.Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co- workers, strangers--and anyone who will listen.Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School."Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers," said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group. "The store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement."On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others, and will no longer visit the specific store. For every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting "snowball effect" can be disastrous to retailers.According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. Ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞满了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting(业余兼职的) local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers."Retailers who're responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren't so friendly," said Professor Stephen Hoch. "Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help."Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?[A] Most customers won't bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.[B] Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.[C] Few customers believe the service will be improved.[D] Customers have no easy access to store managers.63. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying "...the shopper must also find a replacement" ( Line 2, Para. 4 )?[A] New customers are bound to replace old ones.[B] It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores.[C] Most stores provide the same kind of service.[D] Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too.64. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers ______.[A] can stay longer browsing in the store[B] won't have trouble parking their cars[C] won't have any worries about security[D] can find their cars easily after shopping65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?[A] Manners of the salespeople.[B] Hiring of efficient employees.[C] Huge supply of goods for sale.[D] Design of the store layout.66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to[A] exert pressure on stores to improve their service[B] settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic way[C] voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directl[D] shop around and make comparisons between storesPart ⅤCloze ( 15 minutes)Playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers take them for granted. This is especially true (67) children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and (68) sports programs and make sure that there is easy (69) to participation opportunities. Children in low- income families and poor communities are (70) likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often (71) the resources needed to pay for participation (72) , equipment, and transportation to practices and games (73) their communities do not have resources to build and (74) sports fields and facilities.Organized youth sports (75) appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy nations. They were originally developed (76) some educators and developmental experts (77) that the behavior and character of children were (78) influenced by their social surroundings and everyday experiences. This (79) many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in (80) ways, you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.This belief that the social (81) influenced a person's overall development was very (82) to people interested in progress and reform in the United States (83) the beginning of the 20th century. It caused them to think about (84) they might control the experiences of children to (85) responsible and productive adults. They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a (86) capitalist economy depended on the productivity of workers.67. [A] among [B] within [C] on [D] towards68. [A] spread [B] speed [C] spur [D] sponsor69. [A] access [B] entrance [C] chance [D] route70. [A] little [B] less [C] more [D] much71. [A] shrink [B] tighten [C] limit [D] lack72. [A] bill [B] accounts [C] fees [D] fare73. [A] so [B] as [C] and [D] but74. [A] maintain [B] contain [C] sustain [D] entertain75 . [A] last [B] first [C] later [D] finally76. [A] before [B] while [C] until D] when77. [A] realized [B] recalled [C] expected [D] exhibited78. [A] specifically [B] excessively [C] strongly [D] exactly79. [A] moved [B] conducted [C] put [D] led80. [A] precise [B] precious [C] particular [D] peculiar81. [A] engagement [B] environment [C] state [D] status82. [A] encouraging [B] disappointing [C] upsetting [D] surprising83. [A] for [B] with [C] over [D] at84. [A] what [B] how [C] whatever [D] however85. [A] multiply [B] manufacture [C] produce [D] provide86. [A] growing [B] breeding [C] raising [D] flyingPart ⅥTranslation (5 minutes)87. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems ______ (他们至今没有答案)88. ______(大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for their children.89. You'd better take a sweater with you ______ (以防天气变冷).90. Through the project, many people have received training and ________(决定自己创业).91. The anti-virus agent was not known ______ (直到一名医生偶然发现了它).2008年12月大学英语四级考试答案详解Part I WritingLimiting the Use of Disposable Plastic BagsThere was a time when disposable plastic bags obtained great popularity among people on the rungs of social ladder, for they definitely brought convenience to people who went shopping at supermarkets or department stores. Yet, recently, there is a growing voice against the wide use of disposable plastic bags.The voice arises from several problems caused by such plastic bags. To begin with, as it is not easy to decompose, disposable plastic bags may pollute our environment for a relatively long time. Worse still, it poses tremendous harm to people's health. In such a society with quick pace of life, it is not uncommon for people to have instant food wrapped in disposable plastic bags. Logically, people will absorb some poisonous chemical material while enjoying such convenience.Accordingly, owing to the above harms, it will benefit humans greatly, if we spare no effort to ban the use of disposable plastic bags. The threats from such plastic material will gradually and eventually vanish and perish. And the manufacturing of new substitute products of this kind of bags can also create more job opportunities and promote economy development positively.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1 A 根据题干信息定位到文章第三段中Stella的话的后半部分：“I thought she was coming over toapologise”，题干中expect一词与原文的thought构成同义替换，故答案选[A]本题的难点在于定位。

英语六级阅读在考试中占比较重，也是考生复习时的重点题型，日常复习中阅读还是以做题为主，本文为大家整理了英语六级阅读训练及答案，希望考生坚持练习!Television And Violent CrimeChildren are born ready to imitate adult behavior.That they can imitate anarray of adult facialexpressions have been demonstrated in newborns asyoung as afew hours old, before they are even oldenough to know that they have facialfeatures. It is amost useful instinct, for the developing child mustlearn andmaster a vast repertoire1 of behavior inshort order.But while children have instinctive desire to imitate, they do not possessan instinct fordetermining whether a behavior ought to be imitated. They willimitate anything, includingbehavior that most adults regard as destructive andantisocial2. It may give pause forthought, then, to learn that infants as youngas fourteen months demonstrably observe andincorporate behavior seen ontelevision.The average American preschooler watches more than twenty-seven hours oftelevision perweek. This might not be bad if these young children understoodwhat they were watching. Butthey don’t. Up through ages three and four, mostchildren are unable to distinguish fact fromfantasy3 on TV, and remain unable todo so despite adult coaching. In the minds of youngchildren, television is asource of entirely factual information regarding how the world works4 .There areno limits to their credulity. 5 To cite one example, an Indiana school board hadtoissue an advisory to young children that, no, there is no such thing asTeenage Mutant NinjaTurtles6. Children had been crawling down storm drains looking for them.Naturally, as children get older, they come to know better, but their earliest and deepestimpressions are laid down at an age when they still see television as a factual source ofinformation about the outside world. In that world, it seems, violence is common and thecommission7 of violence is generally powerful, exciting, charismatic, and effective. In laterlife, serious violence is most likely to erupt at moments of severe stress — and it is preciselyat such moments that adolescents and adults are most likely to revert to8 their earliest, mostvisceral sense of the role of violence in society and in personal behavior. Much of this sense willhave come from television.阅读自测Ⅰ. Fill in each blank with the proper form of the words given in the brackets :1. She has an________ ( instinct) sympathy with the poor people.2. These conclusions are ________ ( demonstrate ) wrong.3. There is a slight________ ( face ) resemblance between the two men.4. This man has coaxed millions of pounds from a________ ( credulity)public .Ⅱ. Are these statements True o r False according to the article :1. Babies know they have facial features just after they come to theworld.2. Children can imitate everything because imitation is their instinct.3. Television is a source of entirely factual information regarding how theworld works.4. Television plays an important role in giving rise to social violence.参考答案Ⅰ. 1. instinctive 2. demonstrably 3. facial 4.credulousⅡ. 1. F 2. T 3 . F 4 . T参考译文电视与暴力犯罪孩子生下来就会模仿成年人的行为。

2008年6月21日大学英语四级考试(CET–4)全真试题(2008年6月21日)Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitledRecreational Activities.You should write at least 120 words according to theoutline given below in Chinese:1. 娱乐活动多种多样，2. 娱乐可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性，3. 作为大学生，我的看法。

Recreational ActivitiesPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answerthe questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1–7, choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8–10, completethe sentences with the information given in the passage.Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies mustselect the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of mediaused in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television,newspapers, radio, magazines, out–of–home, Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences toadvertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the gameshow Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?you can understand the power of television tocommunicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they wantto impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle forthis type of communication. But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertiserscan afford to use it.Television’s influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means thattelevision channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The GolfChannel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television isseen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller andmore homogeneous (具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is anincrease in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. Thishas also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences areexposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.NewspaperAfter television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually. It has increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in 168 cities. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer, more detailed message to their audience than they can through television. Given new production techniques, advertisements can be printed in newspapers in about 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the message out. Newspapers are often the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local readers.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow. Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor billboards(广告牌) and the Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeat their ads often. Internet companies are also turning to radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day. Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high–end market. Magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous. If you read Sports Illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertisers using the print media—magazines and newspapers—will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the Internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers. These audiences will be more diverse and geographically dispersed (分散) than in the past. Second, advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out–of–home advertisingOut–of–home advertising, also called place–based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on–the–go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out–of–home advertising effective. Technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past. Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations’ advertising in the near future. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client’s message. Direct mail includes newsletters, postcards and sp ecial promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers. For many businesses, direct mail is the most effective form of advertising.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

英语四级阅读理解练习题附答案解析导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级阅读理解练习题附答案解析》的内容，具体内容：英语阅读在英语四级考试中一直占有相当大的比重，因而加强英语阅读的练习尤为重要。

下面我为大家带来英语四级阅读理解练习题解析，欢迎考生阅读练习。

英语四级阅读理解练习题(一)...英语阅读在英语四级考试中一直占有相当大的比重，因而加强英语阅读的练习尤为重要。

下面我为大家带来英语四级阅读理解练习题解析，欢迎考生阅读练习。

英语四级阅读理解练习题(一)Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to thatextraordinary discovery of echolocation (回声定位) in bats to see a case in which the voice playsa strictly practical role.To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent humaninventions. Everyoneknows that if he shouts near a wall or a mountainside, an echo will comeback. The further off this solid obstacle, the longer time it will take for the return of the echo.A sound made by tapping on the main body of a ship will be reflected from the sea bottom, andby measuring the time interval between the taps andthe receipt ofthe echoes the depth ofthe sea at that point can be calculated. So was born the echo-sounding equipment, now ingeneral use in ships. Every solid object will reflect a sound, varying according to the size andnature of the object. A shoal of fish will do this. So it is a comparatively simple stepfromlocating the sea bottom to locating a shoal of fish. With experience, and with improvedequipment, it is now possible not only to locate fish but to tell if it is herring, cod, orotherwell-known fish, by the pattern of its echo.A few years ago it was found that certain bats emit squeaks (吱吱声) and by receiving heechoes they could locate and steer clear of obstacles--or locate flying insects on which theyfeed. This echolocation in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The main purpose of this passage is to ______.A. describe that animals can make different soundsB. prove that animals voices can play practical rolesC. inspire the readers to make more inventionsD. startle the readers with some shocking facts2. The discovery of echolocation may help with all of thefollowing EXCEPTA. measuring the depth of the seaB. distinguishing different kinds of fishC. improving the functions of radarD. varying the size and nature of an object3. By saying "A shoal of fish will do this"(Lines 6-7, Para.2), the author means________.A. only one special kind of fish can reflect soundsB. only one special kind of fish can be used to help locate a shipC. a large group of fish can reflect soundsD. a large group of fish can be used to help locate a ship4. As it is discussed in the passage, the squeaks of bats can be functionally comparedwith ________.A. human languagesB. a mountainsideC. a shoal of fishD. taps on a ship5. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?A. Animals are more intelligent than humans.B. Humans are more intelligent than animals.C. Animals are often compared with human inventions.D. Humans are often inspired by animals.英语四级阅读理解练习题答案1.[B] 主旨大意题。

PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT AWe can begin our discussion of “population as global issue” with what most persons mean when they discuss “the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute, It was quite right to employ the analogy that likened demographic growth to “a long, thin powder fuse that burns steadily and haltingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes.”To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations have been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility in most places, but this was usually balanced by high mortality. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high mortality.Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8,000 BC.till approximately AD. 1650. In the first period of some 9600 years, the population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2000 there will be 6.2 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000BC and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world’s population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.1. Which of the following demographic growth pattern is most suitable for the long thin powder fuse analogy?A.A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population.B.A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase.C.Too many people on earth and a few rapid increase in the number added each year.D.A long period when death rates exceeds birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility and lowermortality.2.3. During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinction because___.A.only one in ten persons could live past 40.B.there was higher mortality than fertility in most places.C.it was too dangerous to have babies due to the poor conditions.D.our ancestors had little enthusiasm for more children.Which statement is true about population increase?A.There might be an increase of 2.2 billion persons from now to the year 2000.B.About 50,000 babies are born every six hours at present.C.Between 8000 BC and the present, the population increase is about 80,000,000 persons each year.D.The population increased faster between 8000BC and 1650 than between 1650 and the present.4.5. The author of the passage intends to___.A.warn people against the population explosion in the near future.pare the demographic growth pattern in the past with that after 1650.C.find out the cause for rapid increase in population in recent years.D.present us a clear and complete picture of the demographic growth.The word “demographic” in the first paragraph means___.A.statistics of human.B.surroundings study.C.accumulation of human.D.development of human.TEXT BChinese Americans today have higher incomes than Americans in general and higher occupational status.The Chinese have risen to this position despite some of the harshest discrimination and violence faced by any immigrants to the United States in the history of this country. Long confined to a narrow range of occupations they succeeded in those occupations and then spread out into other areas in later years, when opportunities finally opened up for them. Today much of the Chinese prosperity is due to the simple fact that they work more and have more (usually better) education than others. Almost one out of five Chinese families has three or more income earners compared to one out of thirteen for Puerto Ricans, one out of ten among American Indians, and one out of eight among Whites. When the Chinese advantages in working and educational are held constant, they have no advantage over other Americans. That is in a Chinese Family with a given number of people working and with a given amount of education by the head of the family, the income is not only about average for such families, and offer a little less than average.While Chinese Americans as a group are prosperous and well-educated Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, and illiteracy is much higher among the Chinese than among Americans in general. Those paradoxes are due to sharp internal differences. Descendants of the Chinese Americans who emigrated long ago from Toishan Province have maintained Chinese values and have added acculturation to American society with remarkable success. More recent Hong Kong Chinese are from more diverse cultural origins, and acquired western values and styles in Hong Kong, without having acquired the skills to proper and support those aspirations in the American economy. Foreign-born Chinese men in the United States are one-fourth lower incomes than native-born Chinese even though the foreign-born have been in the United States an average of seventeen years. While the older Hong Kong Chinese work tenaciously to sustain and advance themselves, the Hong Kong Chinese youths often react with resentment and antisocial behavior, including terrorism and murder. The need to maintain tourism in Chinatown causes the Chinese leaders to mute or downplay these problems as much as possible.6. According to the passage, today, Chinese Americans owe their prosperity to___.A.their diligence and better education than others.B.their support of American government.C.their fight against discriminations.D.advantages in working only.7.8. The passage is mainly concerned with___.A.chinese Americans today.B.social status of Chinese Americans today.C.incomes and occupational status of Chinese Americans today.D.problems of Chinese Americans today.Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, as is probably associated with___.A.most descendants of Chinese Americans are rebelling.B.most descendants of Chinese Americans are illiterate.C.sharp internal difference between Chinese coming from different cultural backgrounds.D.only a few Chinese Americans are rich.9. Which of the following statements is not true according to this articleA.As part of the minority, Chinese Americans are still experiencing discrimination in American today.B.Nowadays, Chinese Americans are working in wider fields.C.Foreign-born Chinese earn lower income than native-born Chinese Americans with the similar advantagesin the U.S.D.None of the above.10. According to the author, which of the following can best describe the older Hong Kong Chinese and theyoungerA.Tenacious; rebellion.B.Conservative; open-minded.C.Out-of-date; fashionable.D.Obedient; disobedient.TEXT CLet children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the languages he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught-to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle-compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end this nonsense of grades, exams, marks, Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.Let them get on with this job in the way that seems sensible to them. With our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learn something essential they will need to get in the world?” Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.11. What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?A.by copying what other people do.B.by making mistakes and having them corrected.C.by listening to explanations from skilled people.D.by asking a great many questions.12. What does the author think teachers do which they should not do?A.They give children correct answers.B.They point out children’s mistakes to them.C.They allow children to mark their own work.D.They encourage children to mark to copy from one another.13. The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are___.A.not really important skills.B.more important than other skills.C.basically different from learning adult skills.D.basically the same as learning other skills.14. Exams, grades, and marks should be abolished because children’s progress should only be estimated by___.cated persons.B.the children themselves.C.teachers.D.parents.15. The author fears that children will grow up into adults while being___.A.too independent of others.B.too critical of themselves.C.incapable to think for themselves.D.incapable to use basic skills.TEXT DComputers monitor everything in Singapore from soil composition to location of manholes. At the airport, it took just 15 seconds for the computerized immigration system to scan and approve my passport. It takes only one minute to be checked into a public hospital.By 1998, almost every household will be wired for interactive cable TV and the Internet, the global computer network. Shoppers will be able to view and pay for products electronically. A 24-hour community telecomputing network will allow users to communicate with elected representatives and retrieve information about government services. It is all part of the government’s plan to transform the nation into what it calls the “Intelligent Island”.In so many ways, Singapore has elevated the concept of efficiency to a kind of national ideology. For the past ten years, Singapore’s work force was rated the best in the world-ahead of Japan and the U.S.-in terms of productivity, skill and attitude by the Business Environment Risk Intelligence service.Behind the “Singapore miracle” is a man Richard Nixon described as one of “the ablest leaders I have met,”one who, “in other times and other places, might have attained the world stature of a Churchill.” Lee Kuan Yew led Singapore’s struggle for independence in the 1950s, serving as Prime Minister from 1959 unt il 1990. Today (1995), at 71, he has nominally retired to the office of Senior Minister, where he continues to influence his country’s future. Lee offered companies tax breaks, political stability, cheap labor and strike-free environment.Nearly 90 percent of Singaporean adults now own their own homes and thanks to strict adherence to the principle of merit, personal opportunities abound. “If you’ve got talent and work hard, you can be anything here,”says a Malaysian-born woman who holds a high-level civil-service position.Lee likes to boast that Singapore has avoided the “moral breakdown” of Western countries. He attributes his nation’s success to strong family ties, a reliance on education as the engine of advancement and social philosophy that he claims is superior to America’s.In an interview with Reader’s Digest, he said that the United States has “lost its bearings” by emphasizing individual rights at the expense of society. “An ethical society,” he said, “is one which matches human rights with respo nsibilities.”16. What characterizes Singapore’s advancement is its___.puter monitoring.B.work efficiency.C.high productivity.D.value on ethics.17. From Nixon’s perspective, Lee is___.A.almost as great as Churchill.B.not as great as Churchill.C.only second to Churchill in being a leader.D.just as great as Churchill.18. In the last paragraph, “lost its bearings” may mean___.A.become impatient.B.failed to find the right position.C.lost its foundation.D.grown band-mannered.19. “You can be anything here”(Paragraph 5) may be paraphrased as___.A.You can hope for a very bright prospect.B.You may be able to do anything needed.C.You can choose any job as you like.D.You will become an outstanding worker.20. In Singapore, the concept of efficiency___.A.has been emphasized throughout the country.B.has become an essential quality for citizens to aim at.C.is brought forward by the government in order to compete with America.D.is known as the basis for building the “Intelligent Island.”答案：1-5 ABADA 6-10 ACCCA 11-15 ABDBC 16-20 DDBAB。

【导语】不积跬步，⽆以⾄千⾥，不积⼩流，⽆以成江海。

整理为⼤家整理了“2020年6⽉⼤学英语四级阅读：学习计算机”，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注！ There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine(内燃机)has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons (活塞)being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computer’s impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a formof literacy (读写能⼒);it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art. Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who havechosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making. Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly”. Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase learning to use a computer mean? It sounds like “learning to drive a car", that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired,enable one to use a computer. In fact, "learning to use a computer" is much more like “learning to play a game”,but learning the rulesof one game may not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same. There is no such a thingas teaching someone how to use a computer. One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished. 练习题： Choose correct answers to the question: 1.To be the competent citizens of tomorrow, people should _______. A. try to lay a solid foundation in computer science B. be aware of how the things that they use do what they do C. learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skills D. understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car 2. In the second paragraph“auto repair”and“violin-making”are mentioned to show that _______ . A. programming a computer is as interesting as making a violin B. our society needs experts in different fields C. violin making requires as much skill as computer programming D. people who can use a computer don't necessarily have to know computer programming 3. Learning to use a computer is getting easier all the time because _______ . A. programs are becoming less complicated B. programs are designed to be convenient to users C. programming is becoming easier and easier D. programs are becoming readily available to computer users 4. According to the author,the phrase“learning to use a computer”(Lines3,4,Para.3) means learning _______.A. a set of rulesB. the fundamentals of computer scienceC. specific programsD. general principles of programming 5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is _______. A. to stress the impact of the computer on society B. to explain the concept of computer literacy C. to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrow D. to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging job 1.[C] 推理判断题。

2008年6月大学英语四级真题（附答案解析及听力原文和MP3）2008年6月大学英语四级考试A卷真题一.写作部分(9：00-9：30)Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生，我的看法。

二.快速阅读(9：30-9：45)Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home. Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication.But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel,for instance.is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.Newspaper?After television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually, ii m increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in ion ciues. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer. more detailed message to their audience than they can through 48 hours,meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the massage out.Newspapers are ofen the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local reader.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor bill-boards (广告牌) and ihe Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers arelikely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeal their ads often. Internet companies are also turning 10 radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day.Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market, magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous, if you read sports illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertiser using the print media-magazines and newspapers-will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers, these second. Advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, alarge number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising. Also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makesout-of-home advertising effective, technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past.Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they.Can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers Is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near ftuture. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message Direct mail includes newsletters. postcards and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers.For many businesses.direct mail is the most effective from of advertising.1. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that_____________.A) it has large audiencesB) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company's reputationD) it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TV channels_________.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB) the nuiflber of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers' interest in other media has decreasedD) the number of TV ads people can see has increased/doc/935993779.html,pared with television, newspapers as an advertisingmedium_________________.A) earn a larger annual ad revenueB) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniquesD) get messages out more effectively4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because ___________.A) more local radio stations have been set upB) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumersD) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to___________.A) reach target audiencesB) modern technology makes it more entertaining C) appeal to educated people.D) convey all kinds of messages6.Oui-of-home advertising has become more effective because_______A) billboards can be replaced within two hoursB) consumers travel more now ever beforeC) such ads have been made much more attractiveD) the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads thatare___________.A) quick to updateB) pleasant to look atC) easy to rememberD) convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reachaudiences that tend to be_____________9.Direct mail is an effecitive form of advertising for businesses todevelop_________________________10.This passage discusses how advertisers select________________for advertisements.注意：收答题卡一作文和快速阅读部分(9：45-10：00)三.听力部分(10：00-10：35)..\四级听力mp3\05 CET4-2008年6月.mp3Section A ..\..\百度文库\2008年6月英语听力原文.doc11. A) Give his ankle a good rest.B) Treat his injury immediately.C) Continue his regular activities.D) Be careful when climbing steps.12. A) On a train.B) On a plane.C) In a theater.D) In a restaurant.13. A) A tragic accident.B) A fad occasionC) Smith's unusual life story.D) Smith's sleeping problem.14. A) Review the details of all her lessons.B) Compare notes with his classmates.C)Talk with her about his learning problems.D) Focus on the main points of her lectures.15. A) The man blamed the woman for being careless.B)The man misunderstood the woman's apology.C) The woman offered to pay for the man's coffee.D)The woman spilt coffee on the man's jacket.16. A) Extremely tedious.B) Hard to understand.C) Lacking a goot plot.D) Not worth seeing twice.17. A) Attending every lecture.B) Doing losts of homework.C) Reading very extensively.D) Using test-taking strategies.18. A)The digital TV system will offer different programs.B)He is eager to see what the new system is like.C)He thinks it unrealistic to have 500 channels.D)The new TV system may not provide anything better.Question 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.a)a notice by the electricity board.b)ads promoting electric appliances.c)the description of a thief in disguise.d)a new policy on pensioners'welfare.20.a)speaking with a proper accent.b)wearing an official uniform.c)making friends with themd)showing them his ID.21.a)to be on the alert when being followed.b)not to leave senior citizens alone at home.c)not to let anyone in without an appointment.d)to watch out for those from the electricity board.22.a)she was robbed near the parking lot.b)all her money in the bank disappeared.c)the pension she had just drawn was stolen.d)she was knocked down in the post office.Question 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.a)marketing consultancy.b)Professional accountancy.c)luxury hotel management.d)business conference organization24.a)having a good knowledge of its customs.b)knowing some key people in tourism.c)having been to the country before.d)being able to speak japanese.25.a)it will bring her potential into full play.b)it will involve lots of train travel.c)it will enable her to improve her chinese.d)it will give her more chances to visit japan.Section BPassage OneQuestion 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.a) The lack of timeb) The quality of life.c) The frustrations at work.d) The pressure on working families.27.a)They were just as busy as people of today.b)They saw the importance of collective efforts.c)They didn't complain as much as modern man.d)They lived a hard life by hunting and gathering.28.a)To look for creative ideas of awarding employees.b)To explore strategies for lowering production costs.c)To seek new approaches to dealing with complaints.d)To find effective ways to give employees flexibility.Passage TwoQuestion 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.a)family violence.b)his children's efforts.c)her father's disloyalty.d)his second wife's positive influence.30.a)his advanced age.b)his children's efforts.c) his improved financial condition.d)his second wife's positive influence.31.a)love is blind.b)love breeds love.c)divorce often has disastrous consequences.d)happiness is hard to find in blended families.Passage ThreeQuestion 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.a) it was located in a parkb) its owner died of a heart attackc) it went bankrupt all of sudden.d) its potted plants were for lease only.33.a)planting some trees in the greenhouseb)writing a want ad to a local newspaperc)putting up a going out of business signd)helping a customer select some purchases34.a)opening an offive in the new office parkb)keeping better relations with her companyc)developing fresh business opportunitiesd)building a big greenhouse of his own35.a)owning the greenhouse one dayb)securing a job at the office parkc)cultivating more potted plants.d)finding customers out of townSection C注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

四级阅读答案（整理10篇）篇1：四级阅读答案四级阅读答案四级英语考试阅读题：Questions 56 to 60 are based on thefollowing passage.Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in the US found higher levels of protein S1PR2(磷酸鞘氨醇受体蛋白)in tests on the brains of female mice and dead women with MS than in male equivalents.Four times more women than men are currently diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis(多发性硬化症).Experts said the finding was”really interesting”.MS affects the nerves in the brain and spinal cord，which causes problems with muscle movement，balance and vision.It is a major cause ofdisability,and affects about 1 00，000 people in the UK.Abnormal immune cells aRack nerve cells in the central Nervous system in MS patients.There is currently no cure，A.though there are treatments that can help in the early stages of the disease.Researchers in Missouri looked at relapsing remitting(复发缓解型)MS，where people have distinct attacks of symptoms that tllen fade away either partially or completely.About 85%of all people with MS have this type.Scientists studied the blood vessels and brains of healthy mice，mice with MS，and mice without the gene for SlPR2，a blood vessel receptor protein，to see how it affected MSseverity.They A.so 100ked at the brain tissue samples of 20 people after they had died.They found high levels of S1PR2 in the areas of the brain typically damaged by MS in both mice and people.Tlle activity of the gene coding for S1 PR2 was positively correlated with the severity of the disease in mice.the study said.Scientists said S l PR2 could work by helping to make the blood-brain barrier,in charge of stopping potentiA.ly harmful substances from entering the brain and spial fluid.more permeable.A more permeable barrier could let attacking cells，which cause MS，into the central nervous system，the study said.This link[between MS and SlPR2] is completely new一it has never been found before.Dr Emma Gray,of the MS Society,said：”We don’t yet fully understand why MS affects more women than men,and it’s an areathat’s intrigued scientists，and people with MS，for many years.She said understanding the causes of MS wa s a“priority”for the MS Society in the UK.and could be“crucial”in finding new treatments.56.What can we infer from the last sentence in Para.1 ?A. Wbmen are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.B.Men are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.C.Male mice are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.D、FemA.e mice are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.57.What problem does MS mainly cause?A.In natured muscle movement.B.Bad bA.ance.C. DisabilityD.Bad eyesight.58.What is the relationship between the severity ofMS and level ofSlPR2?A. A.The level of S 1 PR2 is higher,the MS is less severe.B.The level of S 1PR2 is higher,the MS is more severe.C. The level of S 1 PR2 is lower,the MS is less severe.D、The level of S 1 PR2 is lower,the MS is more severe.59.What role does SlPR2 play in helping the permeabilityofblood.brain barrier?A.It can make blood.brain barrier impermeable.B.It can make blood—brain barrier less permeable.C.It can make blood—brain barrier permeable.D.It can make blood—brain barrier more permeable.60.What can we infer from the whole passage?A.Four times more women than men are currently diagnosed with MS.B. The level of S 1 PR2 was positively correlated with theseverity of MS.C.The reason why MS affects more women than men is unknown.D.Multiple sclerosis discovery may explain gender gap.Questions 61 to 65 are based on e web search—-which scours only the latest updates to services like Twitter—is currently generating quite a buzz because it can provide a glimpse of what people around the world are thinking or doing at any given moment.Interest in this kind of search is so great that，according to recent leaks，Google is considering buying Twitter.The latest research from the interact search giant，though，suggests that real—time results could be even more powerful—they may reveal the future as well as the present.Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian combined data from Google Trends on the popularity of different search terms with models used by economists to predict trends in areas such as travel and home sales.The result?Better forecasts in A.most every case.It works because searches reveal something about people’sintentions.Google has demonstrated before that search data canpredict flu outbreaks，and last week World Bank economist Erik Feyen said he could cut errors in a model that forecasts lending to the private sector by 15%using Google search data.But real-time results could have even more predictive power：knowing what people are actually doing，not just thinking，at a particular instant gives a strong hint of the future consequences. Johan Bollen of Los A.amos NationA. Laboratory and A.berto Pepe of the University of California，Los Angeles，applied a mood rating system to the text from over 10，000 Future Me emails sent in to gauge people’s hopes，fears and predictions for the future.They found that emails directed at to were significantly more depressed in tone than messages aimed at the subsequent six years.Could they have predicted the world’s current economic slump?Without more data，that is no more than an intriguingpossibility.So Bollen plans to look at more Future Me emails，as well as Twitter messages，to search for mood swings that foreshadow other economic changes.If he finds any such links.the sanle sources might be used to try and predict future economic fluctuations.So will our online footsteps become a central part of economic forecasting?We’11 have to wait and see——0r perhaps do a quick web search.61.What is real-time web search.like Twitter?A.It tells us what people did in past days.B.It generates quite a buzz in recent days.C.It provides latest news about everything.D.It informs what people do in the future.62.What is the result of research established by Google researchers Hyunyoung Choi and Hal Varian?A.They gain nothing special from the combination of data and models.B. 11ley indeed reveal something about people’s intentions in such areas.C. They find that the future trends cannot be predicted from the research.D.They totally understand the future trends of these areas from research.63.What can we infer from Para.5?A. It is possible for researchers to get some hints from the Future Me emails.B. There is no relationship between the depression and economic slump.C.There is a potential relationship between depression and economic slump.D.The Future Me emails may indicate people’s reaction about future prediction.64.What’s the meaning of“Without more data,that is no more than an intriguing possibilit y.”?A. More data are necessary to turn this possibility to be reality.B.The possibility is just all intriguing possibility without data.C. No amount of data cannot be a strong proof for thepossibility.D.More data are needed to turn it out to be a pure possibility.65.What’s the attitude of author to real.time search?A.Negative.B.istic.D.Indifferent.：56.What can we infcr from the last sentence in Para.从第一段最后一句话可以推断出什么?A.Women are more likely to be diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.女性更容易被诊断出患多发性硬化症。

大学英语四级（阅读）练习试卷8(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.The predictability of our mortality rates is something that has long puzzled social scientists. After all, there is no natural reason why 2,500 people should accidentally shoot themselves each year or why 7,000 should drown or 55,000 die in their cars. No one establishes a quota(配额) for each type of death. It just happens that they follow a consistent pattern year after year. A few years ago a Canadian psychologist named Gerald Wilde became interested in this phenomenon. He noticed that mortality rates for violent and accidental deaths throughout the Western world have remained oddly static throughout the whole of the century, despite all the technological advances and increases in safety standards that have happened in that time. Wilde developed an interesting theory called “risk homeostasis(自我平衡)”. According to this theory, people instinctively live with a certain level of risk. When something is made safer, people will get around the measure in some way to reassert the original level of danger. If, for instance, they are required to wear seat belts, they will feel safer and thus will drive a little faster and a little more recklessly, thereby statistically canceling out the benefits that the seat belt confers. Other studies have shown that where an intersection is made safer. the accident rate invariably falls there but rises to a compensating level elsewhere along the same stretch of road. it appears, then, that we have an innate need for danger. In all events, it is becoming clearer and clearer to scientists that the factors influencing our lifespan are far more subtle and complex than had been previously thought. It now appears that if you wish to live a long life, it isn’t simply a matter of adhering to certain precautions: eating the right foods, not smoking, driving with care. You must also have the fight attitude. Scientists at the Duke University Medical Center made a 15-year study of 500 persons’personalities and found, somewhat to their surprise, that people with a suspicious or mistrustful nature die prematurely far more often than people with a sunny disposition. Looking on the bright side, it seems, can add years to your life span.1．What social scientists have long felt puzzled about is ______.A．why a quota for each type of death has not come into beingB．why the mortality rate can not be predictedC．why the death toll remains stable year after yearD．why people lose their lives every year for this or that mason正确答案：C解析：细节题。

2021年6月英语四级阅读备考(8)The sun is not growing weaker, yet its light appears to be dimming. Between 1960 and 1990, some scientists believe, the amount of solar radiation reaching Earth's surface may have declined as much as 10% -- and in some places, Hong Kong, for example, more than 35%.What was going on? Well, it appears that increased air pollution during those 30 years -- over Asia, in particular - with the help, perhaps, of some increased cloudiness, may have exerted a cooling influence on the surface of the planet even as carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases were encouraging the atmosphere to warm. The impacts of that tug-of-war on the climate system could be devilishly difficult to untangle. At the same time, no task could be more urgent. For if global pollution has helped keep global warming in check, says Veerabhadran Ramanathan, an atmospheric scientist at the University of California at San Diego, then the full impact of the buildup of greenhouse gases has yet to be felt. This week, at the American Geophysical Union meeting in Montreal,Ramanathan and others will be presenting the latest data on the solar-dimming problem and pondering its implications for the climate system as a whole.Many scenarios for global warming, for example, invoke a speedup in the hydrological cycle by which water evaporates and then comes down as rain. The cooling produced by solar dimming, however, may slow the rate of evaporation, while higher up in the atmosphere the pollutants responsible for absorbing and reflecting sunlight are likely to interfere with the process that produces rain.Why? These pollutants, which take the form of tiny, airborne particles called aerosols, act as nuclei around which cloud droplets form. The problem is, there are too many aerosols in the atmosphere competing for water molecules, so the cloud droplets that form are too small and never become weighty enough to fall to the ground. As a result, says Beate Liepert, an atmospheric physicist at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, the atmosphere could be filled with moisture while Earth's surface thirsts for rain.Many questions remain, including the true extent of the dimming. One analysis pegs the average worldwide darkening to be about 4% over three decades, while another computes it tobe more than twice that much. There are also questions about the reliability of the devices that measure the sunlight reaching Earth's surface. Known as radiometers, these instruments are nothing more than flat, black solar collectors capped with glass. They are sometimes finicky; a smudge of dirt or a speck of dust can cause bogus readings and change the calculated results.Solar dimming, in other words, is a problem still in the process of being defined, and as its dimensions become clearer, so will the nature of the challenge the world faces. Although scientists have done a lot of thinking about global warming, they are just beginning to grapple with the problem of how global warming and solar dimming interact. As Ramanathan puts it, "It's like we have a new gorilla sitting down at the table" - and it could turn out to be a very big gorilla indeed.1. By "tug-of-war"(Line 4, Paragraph 2), the author means .[A] the different effect of solar dimming and global warming[B] the impact of the solar dimming on the climate system[C] the influence of the solar dimming on the global warming[D] the interaction between the solar dimming and global warming2. How do the scientists feel about the current climatesituation?[A] Serious[B] Optimistic[C] Carefree[D] Panicked3. When mentioning "It's like we have a new gorilla sitting down at the table"(Last Line, Paragraph 6), the author implies that .[A] scientists should have a close look at the solar dimming problem[B] we are facing a new problem which is very complicated and difficult to manage[C] we are just beginning to have research on this new field[D] the new solar dimming problem is beyond scientists' ability to tackle4. Which of the following cannot serve as a factor of causing the cooling surface of the planet?[A] The lack of the rain in the earth.[B] The increasing of the pollutants.[C] The forming of the cloud droplets.[D] The less weight of the cloud droplets.5. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] The instruments used in the study are too simple to functionwell.[B] Living things in the earth will be greatly influenced by solar dimming.[C] There is still a long way to go in the study of solar dimming.[D] The findings that solar dimming has influence on the surface of the planet are doubtful.第一段:太阳的能量越来越弱，并且对地球啊的辐射也变得越来越少。