科技英语综合教程课后答案句子翻译整理,刘爱军,

Main Content: UNIT 1 MATHEMATICSI.Text OrganizationParts ParagraphsMain IdeasPart One Paras. 1-3 Game theory can be defined as the science ofstrategy which studies both pure conflicts(zero-sum games) and conflicts in cooperativeforms.Part Two Paras.4-11 There are two distinct types of strategic interdependence: sequential-move game and simultaneous-move game.Part Three Paras.12-19The typical examples of game theory are givenas the basic principles such as prisoners’dilemma, mixing moves, strategic moves,bargaining, concealing and revealinginformation.Part Four Para. 20 The research of game theory has succeeded inillustrating strategies in situations ofconflict and cooperation and it will focus onthe design of successful strategy in future. nguage PointsThe games it studies range from chess to child rearing and from tennis to takeovers. (Para.1)Paraphrase: The games it (game theory) studies extends from chess to child bringing-up and from tennis to handovers.range: v. to vary between limits, extend, run in a linee.g. (1) The price ranges from $ 30 to $ 80. (2) The boundary ranges from north to south.takeover: n. the act or an instance of assuming control or management of or responsibility for sth. 接收、接管e.g. The economy of Hongkong goes well after its takeover. Game theory was pioneered by Princeton mathematician John von Neumann. (Para.2)pioneer: v. to be a pioneer; to originate (course of action etc., followed later by others)e.g. The new treatment for cancer was pioneered by the experts of state hospital.pioneer: n. original investigator of subject or explorer or settler; initiator of enterprisee.g. The young generation was greatly motivated by the pioneers’exploits.That is, the participants were supposed to choose and implementtheir actions jointly. (Para.2)Paraphrase: That is, the players were expected to select and carry out their actions together.…he must anticipate and overcome resistance to his plans. (Para.3) anticipate: v. 1) to expect or realize beforehand; to foresee e.g. The experts are anticipating the negative effects of air pollution.anticipate: v. 2) to deal with or use before proper time 预支e.g. Ted was not used to saving monthly and he would always anticipate his income.The essence of a game is the interdependence of player strategies. (Para.4)Paraphrase: The key principal of a game is that player strategies are dependent on each other.essence: n.1) the quality which makes a thing what it is; the inner nature or most important quality of a thinge.g. The two things are the same in outward form but different in essence.essence: n. 2) extract obtained from a substance by taking out as much of the mass as possiblee.g. milk essence; essence of peppermint (椒薄荷、椒薄荷油) interdependence: n. the quality or fact of depending on each otherinter-为前缀，意为between each other, 类似的词还有interchange、intermarry、international、interview等。

第一张机器人走进千家万户(1)比尔﹒盖茨设想一下:在一个新的产业诞生之际, 你目睹见证了这一切! 这个产业是在前所未有的新技术基础上发展起来的, 其中包括一些实力雄厚企业销售的高度专业化商务设备, 还有越来越多的新兴公司生产的新奇玩具、为玩具藏家青睐的机巧装置, 以及其他一些奇特有趣的特殊产品。

但同时, 这还是一个缺乏行业标准和平台的、尚不成规模的产业。

项目复杂, 进步缓慢, 实际应用更是少之有少。

事实上, 尽管对这个产业的未来充满热情和希望,但是没有人能明确地说出什么时间- 或究竟是否有可能-它能取得关键性的规模发展。

但是,若真能实现发展, 那么,它很可能改变整个世界。

当然, 上述描述可算是上世纪70 年代中期计算机产业的写照, 也就在那时, 保罗·艾伦和我成立了微软公司。

当时,部分大企业、政府部门和其他一些机构都在使用笨重、昂贵的主计算机进行后台运算。

知名大学和大型工业实验室的研究人员正试图建造出最基本的构件, 以使信息化时代的到来成为可能。

当时因特尔公司刚刚推出他们的8080 微处理器,安他利公司正在销售一款流行电子游戏Pong 。

而在一些自发组成的计算机俱乐部里,热忠于此的人们急切地努力探索这种新技术带来的好处究竟是什么。

但当时我脑海中所萦绕的则是更具前瞻性的问题:机器人产业即将作为一项新兴的产业而崛起,其当时的发展同30 年前计算机的发展如出一辙。

想想看, 目前汽车组装线上使用的制造型机器人已替代了昔日的主计算机。

这个产业其他的典型产品包括可进行外科手术的机器手, 在伊拉克和阿富汗用于路边及地面排雷的侦察机器人, 以及可以进行地板吸尘的家用机器人。

电子产品公司还推出了可模仿人类、或是狗、恐龙等的机器人玩具, 而玩具收藏者们正迫不及待地想要猎取一套乐高公司生产的最新机器人系列玩具。

与此同时, 世界尖端科技人员正试图解决机器人技术中最棘手的难题, 诸如视觉识别、远程操控、以及学习型机器等问题, 而且他们正在不断获得成功。

科技英语翻‎译1.1 翻译的标准‎第1节翻译练习1‎The power‎plant‎is the heart‎of a ship.The power‎unit for drivi‎n g the machi‎n es is a 50-hp induc‎t ion motor‎.动力装置是‎船舶的心脏‎。

驱动这些机‎器的动力装‎置是一台5‎0马力的感‎应电动机。

第1节翻译练习2‎Semic‎o nduc‎t or devic‎e s, calle‎d trans‎i stor‎s, are repla‎c ing tubes‎in many appli‎c atio‎n s.Cramp‎e d condi‎t ions‎means‎that passe‎n gers‎’‎legs‎canno‎t move aroun‎d freel‎y.All bodie‎s are known‎to posse‎s s weigh‎t and occup‎y space‎.半导体装置‎也称为晶体‎管，在许多场合‎替代电子管‎。

我们知道，所有的物体‎都有重量并‎占据空间。

空间狭窄，旅客的两腿‎就不能自由‎活动。

第1节翻译练习3‎The remov‎a l of miner‎a ls from water‎is calle‎d softe‎n ing.A typic‎a l folia‎g e leaf of a plant‎belon‎g ing to the dicot‎y ledo‎n s is compo‎s ed of two princ‎i pal parts‎: blade‎and petio‎l e.去除水中的‎矿物质叫做‎软化。

双子叶植物‎典型的营养‎叶由两个主‎要部分组成‎：叶片和叶柄‎。

1.2 对译者的要‎求第4节翻译练习1‎Einst‎e in’s‎relat‎i vity‎theor‎y is the only one which‎can expla‎i n such pheno‎m ena.All four (outer‎plane‎t s) proba‎b ly have cores‎of metal‎s, silic‎a tes, and water‎.爱因斯坦的‎相对论是能‎解释这种现‎象的唯一理‎论。

《科技英语》课后习题答桉完整版大学英语的预习好帮手Main Content: UNIT 1 *****TICSText A “Game Theory”科技英语阅读方法“名词化结构”科技英语翻译技巧“名词化结构”Step:II. Language Points大学英语的预习好帮手… he must anticipate and overcome resistance to his plans. (Para.3) anticipate: v. 1) to expect or realize beforehand; to foresee e.g. The experts are anticipating the negative effects of air pollution. anticipate: v. 2) to deal with or use before proper time 预支e.g. Ted was not used to saving monthly and he would always anticipate his income. The essence of a game is the interdependence of player strategies. (Para.4) Paraphrase: The key principal of a game is that player strategies are dependent on each other. essence: n.1) the quality which makes a thing what it is; the inner nature or most important quality of a thing e.g. The two things are the same in outward form but different in essence.essence: n. 2) extract obtained from a substance by taking out as much of the mass as possible e.g. milk essence; essence of peppermint (椒薄荷、椒薄荷油) 椒薄荷、interdependence: n. the quality or fact of depending on each other inter-为前缀，意为between each other, 类似的词还有interchange、intermarry、international、interview 等。

第一单元自动化第二部分阅读A自动化的含义“自动化”已经是，而且现在仍然是，一个被大量滥用的词。

但是，人们对其确切的意义以及所包括的内容，正在逐渐地有了较为正确的了解。

如果不是下一个定义的话，我也许可以尝试作些解释，把自动化说成是一个概念。

运用这个概念，人们通过对机器装置的性能进行充分的测量、观察和控制，从而使其以最高的效率运转。

这需要对这种装置的功能有一个详细而连贯性的了解，以便需要时便能运用最佳的矫正操作。

自动化按其确切的意义，只有全面运用通信、计算和控制三个主要组成部分（“三C" )才能完全实现。

我认为，确保人们对合为一体的三个组成部分对我们的社会所蕴含着的某些意义有所认识和了解，是很有必要的。

首先，我们不妨考虑工业部门之一的炼钢工业。

在炼钢工业中，自动化已经开始成型。

到过钢厂的人都会知道从高炉开始的各种工艺流程的一些情况，成品条钢或板钢生产出来之后，再准备送往制造工艺车间或汽车厂，这些工艺流程是相互链接的。

为了使工厂中各个车间充分发挥效率，可以使用计算机来控制每个车间。

在此之前，计算机工作所需要的一切资料均输入机内。

就高炉来说，需要给计算机提供装人高炉的原料的信息、高炉工作温度的信息和处理各种各样配料的最好方法等方面的资料。

钢厂的高炉操作是一项复杂而要求技术熟练的作业，需要大量的知识和大量的综合信息，并迅速地做出判定选择，以便确保高炉工艺流程中的下一阶段的有效工作。

计算机对所有这一切都了解得很透彻，能够做出非常大量的中间判定，并且能够把全部信息立刻和不间断地提供给管理人员，以使他们做出高效管理这个工厂所需要的最后决定。

由此产生的信息数据和判定要进行处理，然后转送到下一个工序。

在这里，对操作的一些专门细节再次进行整理，提出最佳和最终的判定，然后对这些信息再一次进行处理并输送给下一道工序。

同时，当信息数据从生产单元的一道工序输送到下一工序并完全结合成为一项新的操作时，每次变化的结果反馈到最初阶段，而且，不断地做进一步的调整，结果是整个工厂的工艺流程便能够高效率地进行下去。

科技英语翻译 1.1 翻译的标准第1节翻译练习1The power plant is the heart of a ship.The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor.动力装置是船舶的心脏。

驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。

第1节翻译练习2Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications.Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely.All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space.半导体装置也称为晶体管在许多场合替代电子管。

我们知道所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。

空间狭窄旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。

第1节翻译练习3The removal of minerals from water is called softening.A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。

双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成叶片和叶柄。

1.2 对译者的要求第4节翻译练习 1 Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena. All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water. 爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。

行胜于言Unitl1. The essence of a game is interde 卩endtncc of player siraiEgics There are two 'distinct types of strategic interdependence: secmeDtiul 卫nd 尊砸1怡moijs.搏弈的实质是搏弈者采取策略之间的相互依赖性。

这种策略性的相互依赖表现为两个不同的 类别：连续策略之间的相互作用以及联立策略之间的相互作用。

2. When we say that an outcome is mi 匕qailibHiTiiL there is ifd fiction thatHeach person? privately best choke will 圧a^Tkra collecti¥ely optiniiTr 祗ult ・当我们把博弈的结果表述为一种均衡的时候,人最佳策略将会带来共同的最优化结果。

3. Jn some situations of conflict, any systematic action will be discovered and exploited by the rival. Therefore, it is important to keep the rival guessing by onet nioyp 富Typical examples arise in sports ^whether to 『cm 0〕10 pass in 竈 particular witimtion in foodxdL or whether co hit 21 passin* shot CKJ 貂-conn or down th£ line in kmriis.在一些冲突中，任何规律性的行为都会被对手发觉并利用。

因而，通过采取混合性策略来迷惑对 手就显的非常重要。

科技英语综合教程_课后练习答案及参考译文科普课后练习答案及参考译文Unit 1Translation PracticeII. Words and Phrases Translation A. Translate the following expressions into Chinese:1. mutual gain game and mutual harm game 互赢博弈和互败博弈2. sequential-move game 连续策略博弈3. simultaneous-move game 联立策略博弈4. linear reasoning 直线推理5. circular reasoning 循环推理6. Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡7. dominant strategy 支配性策略8. optimal result 最优化结果9. breakdown of cooperation 合作分裂10. strategy of brinkmanship 边缘化策略B. Translate the following expressions into English:1. 完全博弈 pure conflict2. 竞争与合作 competition and cooperation3. 策略性相互作用strategic interdependence4. 囚徒困境prisoners’ dilemma5. 长远性损失 long-run loss6. 针锋相对策略 tit-for-tat strategy7. 混合性策略mixing one’s moves8. (网球)斜线球或底线球 hit a passing shot cross-court or down the line9. 垄断性市场 monopoly market10. 均衡份额 equilibrium sharesIII. Sentence Translation:A. Translate the following English sentences into Chinese: (Pay attention to the underlined part)1. 博弈的实质是博弈者采取策略之间的相互依赖性。

The power plant is the heart of a ship. 动力装置是船舶的心脏。

The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor.驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。

Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications.半导体装置也称为晶体管,在许多场合替代电子管。

Cramped conditions means that passengers’legs cannot move around freely.空间狭窄,旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。

All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space. 我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。

The removal of minerals from water is called softening. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。

A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole.Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena.All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water.The designer must have access to stock lists of the materials he employs.设计师必须备有所使用材料的储备表。

Unit 11.在历时四年的研究中，科学家调查了地球上的许多生境、物种以及将它们联系起来的生态体系。

For four years the scientists examined the planet’s many habitats and species and the systems that bind them together.2.《千年生态系统评估综合报告》为人们提供了认识生态系统经济价值的全新视角，也为人们尊重和保护地球的生命支持体系提供了新的论据。

The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Synthesis Report gives people a new insight into the economic importance of ecosystem services and some new and additional arguments for respecting and conserving the Earth’s life-support system.3.科学家认为，水文系统的改变可能导致破坏性洪灾的发生更加频繁和严重。

According to the scientists, changes to water systems may increase the frequency and severity of destructive floods.4.从经济角度看，与那些被用于商业开发的生态系统相比，很多原始生态系统的价值更高。

From an economic perspective, compared with the ecosystems altered for commercial use, many intact ones are more valuable.5.如何在利用地球生态系统提高人类生活水平的同时，缓解该系统所承受的压力，完全取决于人类社会。

科技英语翻译课后答案第一篇：科技英语翻译课后答案科技英语翻译1.1 翻译的标准第1节翻译练习1 The power plant is the heart of a ship.The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor.动力装置是船舶的心脏。

驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。

第1节翻译练习2 Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications.Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely.All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space.半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。

我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。

空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。

第1节翻译练习3 The removal of minerals from water is called softening.A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole.去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。

双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。

1.2 对译者的要求第4节翻译练习1 Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena.All four(outer planets)probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water.爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。