SAT语法学习讲义

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SAT语法学习讲义

SAT语法学习讲义 修辞倒装

1.在以never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, seldom, not only, not until, nor,

little, nowhere, hardly….when, no sooner….than, by no means, under no

circumstances 等开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。这些都是表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组。 例如： Never have I come across such a difficult problem. 我还从没有遇到过这样困难的问题。 Seldom do I read such magazines. 我很少读这种杂志。 No sooner had they left than the bus arrived. 他们刚走，公共汽车就来了。

2.在以"only+状语"开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。这里only后面必须跟有它修饰的状语或状语从句，这是关键。否则就不倒装。 例如： Only after the war was over

was man able to realize the wickedness of the atomic bomb. 只是在战争结束后人类才意识到原子弹的可恶。 (注意：only 引导的状语从句不倒装，主句倒装。) Only

then did I realize the importance of English. 只在那时我才意识到英语的重要性。

Only in this way can we improve ourselves. 只有用这种方法我们才能不断提高自己。 Only after you finish it can you leave. 只有结束它以后，你才能离开。(主句倒装) 注意：Only 如不在句首，或only 修饰的不是状语，则不倒装。 如： The

contract was signed only after bitter negotiations. 只有在艰苦的谈判以后，合同才得以签署。 (改成倒装：Only after bitter negotiations was the contract signed.) Only

the senior staff are allowed to use this room. 只许资深的职员使用这个房间。

3.用于以表示处所、声音等意义的副词开头的句子。用表示运动的不及物动词(如go, come, rush, fly 等)作谓语时，为了表示生动，可将某些副词放在句首，谓语动词放在主语之前，形成倒装结构。 例如： Away flew the birds. 鸟儿飞走了。 Out

went the children. 孩子们出去了。 Down came the rain. 下起大雨来了。 Bang

went the firecracker. 爆竹砰的一声响了。 The door burst open and in rushed a

stranger. 门突然开了，一个陌生人冲了进来。

4.用倒装来避免头重脚轻，使句子显得平衡。这主要是因为主语过长或强调表语或状语。 例如： At the center of the big room over there is a table that is made

of wood which is imported from Brazil of South America. 在那边那个大房子的中央 SAT免费在线做题测评网

有一张用从南美洲的巴西进口的木头做成的桌子。 (正常语序：A table that is made

of wood which is imported from Brazil of South America is at the center of the big

room over there. 这句话主语和谓语间隔太长，不平衡。) Written in English on the

blackboard were these words: "Merry Christmas!" 在黑板上用英语写着这么几个字："圣诞快乐!" Present at the meeting were the school headmaster, the English

teacher, and the students' parents. 出席会议的有校长、英语教师和学生们的家长。

Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long

passages to these rooms. 金字塔里面是国王和王后们的墓穴和通往墓穴的长通道。

翻译练习(地点状语放在句首，倒装)：

1)在那棵大树底下坐着一个老农民。 Under the big tree was sitting an old

farmer.

2)教室的外面站着一个男孩。 Outside the classroom stood a boy.

3)农舍后面是一片稻田。 Behind the farmhouse was a rice field. 4)小山脚下有一个美丽的小湖。 At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.

SAT语法学习笔记 语法倒装

1.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句要倒装 Shall I open the door? 要我开门吗? Can

you read this poem in German? 你能用德语朗诵这首诗吗? When will there be

lasting peace in the world? 什么时候世界上才能有持久的和平?

2.There be 句型当中。There be 句型表达的意思是："某处有…."。这个句型的主语在谓语动词后面，因此这是倒装语序。 There are not many people who want

to read this book. 想看这本书的人不多。 There once lived a pack of wolves in this

cave. 在这个洞里曾经住过一群狼。 There happened to be a taxi parked at the

gate. 碰巧门口停着一辆出租车。

3.当连词as 表示"虽然、尽管"引导让步状语从句时，句子要倒装，as 相当于though,可以替换。 如： Small as/though the atom is, we can smash it. 尽管原子很小，我们可以击碎它。 Tired as/though he was, he went on working. (=Although

he was very tired, he went on working.) 虽然他很累，他还是接着工作。 Cold

as/though it was, we went out. 虽然天气冷，我们还是出去了。 SAT免费在线做题测评网

4.虚拟语气条件从句中的if 被省略时，要把从句中的were, had 或should 移到主语之前。(if 的省略、倒装只限于从句中有were, had 或should这三个词时。)

例如： If I had been in your place, I wouldn't have given it up so early. =Had I been

in your place, I wouldn't have given it up so early. 如果我在你的位置，我不会这样早放弃。 If he were to succeed, the sun would rise from the west. =Were he to

succeed, the sun…. 如果他能成功，太阳就会从西边出来。

5.以so开头的，表示"也一样"，"也这样"的句子要倒装。So 用于肯定句，代替上文中的形容词、名词或动词，通常指前面所说的肯定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是"so + be (do, have 其他助动词或情态动词)+主语"。 如： Production is

going up, so is the people's standard of living. 生产不断发展，人们的生活水平也一样。 Society has changed and so have the people in it. 社会变了， 社会上的人也变了。 Coal is under the ground, and so is oil. 煤在地底下，石油也是。

注意：在so…..that…..结构中，如果so 在句首，通常也用倒装结构。 例如：

So easy is it that a boy can learn it. 那很容易，小孩子都能学。 (原句是：It is so

easy that a boy can learn it.) So rapidly did he speak that we could hardly

understand him clearly. 他说得很快，我们简直听不清楚。 (原句是：He spoke so

rapidly that we could hardly understand him clearly.)

6.以neither与nor开头的句子，表示"…也不"时，句子倒装。Neither 与nor 意思相同，可以互换。Neither, nor 用于否定句，通常指前面所说的否定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是：Neither (nor) + be (do, have, 其他助动词或情态动词) +主语。 例如： I won't do such a thing. Nor/Neither will anyone else. 我不会做这样的事，别人也不会。 The first one wasn't good and neither was the second. 第一个不好，第二个也不好。

7.以here, there, now, then 等副词开头的句子中。习惯上用一般现在时(除以then开头的句子用过去时)。 例如： There comes the bus! 汽车来了。 There goes

the bell. 铃响了。 Now comes your turn. 该轮到你了。 Then came a new difficulty.

接着来了个新难题。

Then followed three days of heavy rain. 后来连着下了三天大雨。

Up went the plane. 飞起来了飞机。

Our rushed a cat from under the bed. 从床底下窜出一只猫。