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Lesson 2The story about the Brothers Grimm may evoke warm memories of story time in the comforting arms of a parent.〔关于格林兄弟的故事可以唤起父母在安慰的怀抱中对故事时间的温暖回忆.〕A.recallB. createC. releaseD. collect1.One of the secrets of successful travel lies in always turning adversity to youradvantage.〔成功旅行的秘诀之一就是总是把逆境变成你的优势.〕A.unfamiliarityB. explorationC. pleasureD.difficulties.2.The claws of bears may be used to climb trees , rip open nests and beehives, orcatch prey.〔熊的爪子可以用来爬树,撕开巢蜂房,或捕捉猎物.〕A.clearB. tearC. throwD. dig3.The analysts are dissecting intrusions and other attacks that have breached theircomputer systems.分析人员正在剖析侵入他们电脑系统的入侵和其他攻击.A.interceptingB. fightingC. analyzingD. discussing4.He spent whole days in his room, headphones on lest he disturb anyone.他整天呆在房间里,戴着耳机以免打扰任何人.A.unlessB. whenC. so thatD. in case5.As the unemployment lines lengthened and factories closed, there was talk ofapocalypse.随着失业线的延长和工厂的关闭,人们谈论着天启？.A.emergencyB. uncertaintyC. disasterD. reduction6.The odor of the hospital was so unforgiving that every so often she would bringthe cloud of white flowers to her nose.〔医院的气味是如此的无情,以至于她常常会把白花的云彩带到她的鼻子上〕A.unexpectedB. uniqueC. impressiveD. terrible7.Critics argue that the lavish park itself is incongruous in a country where aroundhalf the population lives below the poverty line.7、批评家认为,在一个半数人口生活在贫困线以下的国家里,奢侈的公园本身是不协调的.A.inappropriateB. creativeC. unnecessaryD. enjoyable8.Many believed optimistically the news would soothe markets, but it seems to havehad the opposite effect.许多人乐观地认为,这一消息将安抚市场,但它似乎起了相反的作用.A.pushB. misleadC. calmD. discourage9. A stoical person tends to show admirable patience and endurance in the face ofadversity without getting upset.一个坚忍的人在面对逆境时往往表现出令人钦佩的耐心和忍耐力,而不会感到不安A.confidentB. uncomplainingC. unconventionalD. reliableADBCD CDACBLesson 41.During the lecture all the audience listened to China’s first astronaut with raptadmiration.演讲过程中,所有听众都听了中国第一位宇航员的讲话A.obscureB. obviousC. obligedD. obsessed2.Most of her colleagues didn’t like her because she was adept at the fine art ofirritating people.她的大多数同事都不喜欢她,因为她善于使人恼火的艺术.A.ambitiousB. annoyingC. skillfulD. scornful3.In the schools today we need, more than ever, the training of deft hands, quickeyes and ears, and above all the broader, deeper, higher culture of gifted minds and pure hearts.在今天的学校里,我们比以往任何时候都更需要训练灵巧的双手、快速的眼睛和耳朵,尤其是更广泛、更深入、更高的天才思维和纯净心灵的培养.A.skillfulB. cleverC. delicateD. elegant4.At last the judge decided to give the custody of the child to his father.最后法官决定把孩子的监护权交给他父亲.A.supervisionB. cateringC. raisingD. fostering5.Denver residents continued to dig out from what was called the worst blizzard innearly a century.丹佛居民继续挖掘出近一个世纪以来最严重的暴风雪A.catastropheB. disasterC. snowstormD. landslide6.After all, the candidate was endorsed by the governor’s board and many of thelocal party members.毕竟,这位候选人得到了州长委员会和许多当地党员的支持.A.ignoredB. rejectedC. sponsoredD. supported7.His expression gave temporary meaning to a set of features but it was nondescript.他的表达对一系列的特性给予了暂时的意义,但却毫无特色A.unclearB. distinctiveC. impliedD. ambiguous8.She came home spouting off about the subjects she was taught at school andbasked in her teacher’s praise.她回到家里,滔滔不绝地谈论她在学校里教过的课程,并在老师的表扬下学习A.pridedB. enjoyedC. criticizedD. narrated9.It was evident that the administrative officials did not believe the excuse that heheld forth for the delayed delivery.很明显,行政官员不相信他为延期交货所坚持的理由A.liedB. toldC. emphasizedD. compiled10.When Frank heard that the war had started, it didn’t sink in for a long time untilhis father was drafted into the army.当弗兰克听说战争已经开始的时候,直到他父亲被征召入伍,他不了解很长一段时间.A.be understoodB. be acceptedC. be takenD. be illustratedBADBB DABCD11. Plants will lose their vitality_when they are heavily trimmed.A. voyageB. vitalityC. vogueD. virgin12. It was generally conceded that the net result of the incident was calculated to make Eisenhower mad enough to force him to _ run forre-election.人们普遍承认,这一事件的最终结果是为了使艾森豪威尔发疯,迫使他竞选连任.A. run forB. compete inC. apply toD. line up with13. Mick entered the V ocational High School, and, in order to get to know her new classmates, she threwa party.米克进入了职业高中,为了结识新同学,她开了一个晚会A. castB. launchedC. flungD. threw14. Alice Moore refused to learn what they required. She couldn’t see the necessity ofcrammingfor those that would only appear in the examinations.爱丽丝·摩尔拒绝学习他们需要什么.她看不出对那些只会在考试中出现的人死记硬背的必要性A. agonizedB. cramming填鸭式C. clashingD. creeping15. The listeners were trilledby his magic eloquence and ready to stand by him in his boldest flights.听众们被他神奇的口才所折服,并准备在他最大胆的飞行中支持他A. agonizedB. thrilled激动C. disturbedD. interfered16. We remained until our ship was repaired, and after that, we set sail for England, our destinedport being London.我们一直呆到我们的船被修好,之后,我们驶向英国,我们的目的地是伦敦.A. doomedB. denotedC. despairedD.destined命定的17. Seeds of various types---wheat grains, beans, and nuts---form the bulk of human food. But not all seeds are palatableto either humans or insects; many contain toxins.各种各样的种子——麦粒、豆类和坚果——构成人类食物的大部分.但不是所有的种子都能被人类或昆虫所接受,其中很多都含有毒素A. palatable可口的; 美味的;B. primitiveC. peculiarD. permanent18. Continuing violence could hold upthe progress towards reform.持续的暴力会阻碍改革的进程.A. hold onB. hold up拦住; 拦劫C. hold downD. hold off19. A bill passed unanimouslyby both houses in August requires states to set up systems for withholding child support payments from the wages and state tax refunds of those persons.8月两院一致通过的一项法案要求各州建立从这些人的工资和国家退税中扣缴子女抚养费的制度.A. anonymouslyB. autonomouslyC. unanimously全体一致的D. enormously20. After about an hour all the participantswound upwith the regulations and each other.大约一个小时后,所有的参与者都遵守了规章制度.A. warmed upB. made upC. mixed upD. wound upBADBB DABCDLesson 61.Another common use of the tag question is in small talk when the Speaker istrying to elicitconversation："Sure is hot here,isn’t it?〞1、标签问题的另一个常用用法是在闲聊时,说话者试图引起谈话："这里确实很热,不是吗？〞"A. illicitB. elicit引出C. solicitD. explicit2. Napster says it is delaying the launch of its subscription service yet again, after running into serious problems in its talks with other firms. So here is Napster’s refrain: Still not ready.Napster说,在与其他公司的谈判中遇到严重问题后,它又一次推迟了订阅服务的推出.这是Napster的重复:还没准备好A. Refrain 重复B. renownC. restraintD. retention3. The path from initial lad work on a drug to final approval of the drug by the Food & Drug Administration is a long and laboriousprocess从最初的童子军工作到药物和药物管理局最终批准该药物的途径是一个漫长而费力的过程.A. hilariousB. notoriousC. industriousD. laborious勤劳的4. When I was a child, I always refused to write thank-you notes for birthday presents from a faraway relative. My mother would chide me and say, "Paul, you must learn to be polite.〞当我还是个孩子的时候,我总是拒绝为远方的亲人写生日礼物的感谢信.我的母亲会责骂我说,"保罗,你一定要学会礼貌.A. glideB. slideC. abideD. chide责骂5. A<n> retentivememory may be a good thing, but the ability to forget is the true token of greatness.一个好的记忆可能是一件好事,但是忘记的能力是真正伟大的象征A. attentiveB. inattentiveC. retentive记忆性强的D. irretentive6.There’s still a great deal of skepticismon the weapons of mass destruction, which despite what President Bush and Prime Minister Blair say, have not yet been found.对大规模杀伤性武器的怀疑仍然存在,尽管布什总统和布莱尔总理说,这些武器还没有被发现.A. evidenceB. skepticismC. knowledgeD. consensus7.Even though exercise has many positive benefits, too much can be harmful. Teens who exercisecompulsivelyare at risk for both physical and psychological problems.尽管运动有很多积极的好处,但太多可能是有害的.青少年运动强制在生理和心理问题的风险.A. comparativelyB. competitivelyC. compulsivelyD. comprehensively8. Some of the maids were quiet and affectionate. But others were querulous, driving the young women crazy by complaining to them all the time.一些女仆安静而深情.但也有一些人很爱发牢骚,他们总是不停地向他们抱怨,这让这些年轻的女人发疯A. querulous抱怨的B. fabulousC. pretentiousD. conscientious9.There is nothing more fascinate than observing citizens of many different nationalities mingling and exchanging greetings in an international airport.在国际机场,没有什么比观察许多不同民族的公民在国际机场互相问候和互致问候更吸引人的了A. singlingB. dinglingC. jinglingD. mingling混合10. When Dallas police notified the hospital that President Kennedy had been shot, at first, the young neurosurgeon thought it was a prank.当达拉斯警方通知医院甘乃迪总统被枪杀,起初,年轻的神经外科医师认为这是一个恶作剧A. blandB. flankC. prankD. frank恶作剧BADDC BCADCLesson 71.Upon hearing these critical remarks, he was in a complete state ofbewildermentand did not know what to do next.听了这些批评的话,他完全不知所措,不知道下一步该怎么办.A.astonishmentB. frustrationC. depressionD. perplexity2.For many women, the harrowing prospect of giving evidence in a rape case can betoo much to bear.2、对于许多妇女来说,在强奸案中作证的悲惨前景可能太过难以忍受了.A.promisingB. embarrassingC. hauntingD. upsetting3.The company’s disappointing sales figures are an ominous sigh of worse thing tocome.3、公司令人失望的销售数字预示着更糟糕的事情即将到来.A.disgracefulB. disgustingC. scandalousD. threatening4.He said that people are too obsessed with utopian visions that will never come,instead of thinking of the quality of life now.他说,人们太沉迷于乌托邦式的幻想,这些梦想永远不会到来,而不是现在的生活质量.A.promisingB. unrealisticC. unbelievableD. unprecedented5.We eliminated the possibility that it could have been an accident because it was sowell timed.我们排除了它可能是一次事故的可能性,因为它的时机非常好.A.elicitedB. despisedC. removedD. elevated6.Things would never change if people weren’t prepared to experiment with newteaching methods.如果人们不准备尝试新的教学方法,情况就永远不会改变.A.endeavorB. campaignC. swerveD. try7.The national interest is more important than the sectional and personal interests ofindividual politicians.国家利益比个人政治家的个人利益更重要A.segregatedB. factionalC. inviolableD. dismantled8.Despite differences in background and outlook, their partnership was based onmutual respect, trust and understanding.尽管背景和前景不同,他们的伙伴关系建立在相互尊重、信任和理解的基础上.A.unilateralB. reciprocalC. obligatoryD. optional9.Desirous of knowing something about the operations, I stood and watched thespectacle with great interest.我渴望了解有关操作的情况,饶有兴趣地站着观看了这场奇观.A.Desperate forB. Desirable ofC. Detached fromD. Deprived of10.He spoke eloquently with the self-effacing humor that has endeared him to theAmerican press.他雄辩地说,他的幽默使他深受美国新闻界的喜爱A.elegantlyB. persuasivelyC. arrogantlyD. expressivelyDDDBC ABBADLesson 91.When she arose to speak in their assemblies, her commanding figure and dignifiedmannershushedevery trifler into silence.1.当她出现在他们的集会发言,她那端庄的举止让每一个轻浮的沉默.A.rushedB. hushedC. cashedD. pushed2.In many of his paintings of towns, harbors, and rivers, Marquet showed aparticular gift for simplification that seized unerringlyupon the essentials in the scene before him.在他的许多城镇、港口和河流的画作中,马奎特展示了一种特别的礼物,那就是在他面前的场景中,他毫不注意地抓住了那些必需品A.unexpectedlyB. unavoidablyC. unerringlyD. unbelievably3.The ole gentleman was so much immersed in business, that he was unable tobestow much attention upon me.这位老先生是如此地沉浸在商业中,以致于他无法给予我太多的关注A.bestowB. bewilderC. bewareD. betray4.The most famousgrotesquewhiteface clown is Felix Adler, who performed in theearly and mid-20th century.最著名的丑陋的白脸小丑是菲力克斯·阿德勒,他在20世纪早期和中期演出A.picturesqueB. uniqueC. techniqueD. grotesque5.By the 1st century B.C., Roman power was growing and Greek influence hadbegun to wane公元前1世纪罗马的势力越来越大,希腊的影响力也开始减弱.A.waneB. waverC. weaveD. warp6.To starboard, at Hurghada, behind serriedranks of coral reefs, lay the importantMarine Biological Station of the University of Egypt.在赫尔格达<Hurghada>,在拥挤的珊瑚礁群后面,坐落着埃与大学重要的海洋生物站A.severeB. serriedC. seducedD. sentimental7.At first, the downturn was confined to industries most sensitive to high interestrates. But inexorably,the loss of income in these areas had a ripple effectthroughout the economy.起初,经济衰退仅限于对高利率最敏感的行业.但不可阻挡的是,这些地区的收入损失在整个经济中产生了连锁反应A.i nexorablyB. intensivelyC. inevitablyD. infinitely8.The puppet theater combines three elements: the puppets; the chanters who singand declaimfor the puppets; and the players of the three-stringed instrument.木偶剧院结合了三个要素:木偶;歌唱和慷慨的木偶;以与三弦乐器的演奏者A.declineB. reclaimC. declaimD. proclaim9.This is your daily life; to me it is like a scene from a play, over which one sighs tosee the curtain fall --- allenchantment , all light, all happiness.这就是你的日常生活;对我来说,这就像一场戏中的一幕,一声叹息,看到了帷幕落下——所有的魅力,所有的光明,所有的幸福A.enchantmentB. engagementC. enlargementD. endurance10."It was really rural when we moved here,〞says Stanley. "But these newcomersare citifyingthe rural atmosphere.斯坦利说："我们搬到这里的时候,这里真的是乡下.〞."但这些新来者是城市化的农村气息.A.justifyingB. citifyingC. ratifyingD. simplifyingBCADA BACABLesson 111. The supporters of GM foods say that it should be possible to make foods that are less likely to trigger allergies.转基因食品的支持者说,应该有可能制造出不太可能引发过敏的食物A. preventB. reduceC. causeD. transfer2. The relationship between men and their cars would terminate in the event of irreparable mechanical breakdown <equivalent to the death of a spouse>.男性和他们的汽车之间的关系会在不可弥补的机械故障<相当于配偶死亡>的情况下终止A. endB. declineC. failD. proceed3. The combination of miscommunication, ignore warnings and general hubris virtually guaranteed disaster.沟通不当、忽视警告和普遍的狂妄自大实际上是一种灾难A. misunderstandingB. misconductC. angerD. arrogance4.Despite an occasional glimmer of hope, this campaign has not produced any results.尽管偶尔有一线希望,但这次竞选并没有产生任何结果A. proofB. indicationC. releaseD. consequence5. These kids had been further insulated by their wealthy families from reality with the privilege that money could buy.这些孩子们被他们富有的家庭从现实中与金钱可以买到的特权隔离开来A. protectedB. awokenC. coveredD. isolated6. I found myself constantly pondering the question:〞How could anyone do these things?〞我发现自己一直在思考这个问题:"怎么会有人这样做呢?〞A. arguingB. answeringC. repeatingD. considering7. Interactive technology augments traditional methods with new and yet-to-be invented collaboration tools ranging from e-mail to Web logs to digital video to peer-to-peer systems.交互式技术增强了传统的方法,新的、尚未发明的协作工具,从电子到Web日志,再到数字视频到对等系统.A. communicationB. entertainmentC. cooperationD. improvement8. For people who feel too intimidated or shy to ask questions during class, the Internet creates a "safe environment〞to speak their mind. Online, nobody knows who you are.对于那些在课堂上感到害怕或羞于提问的人来说,互联网创造了一个"安全的环境〞来表达他们的思想.网上,没人知道你是谁A. frightenedB. frustratedC. depressedD. disappointed9. On this day after September 11, most planes were still grounded; the skies were eerily quiet.9月11日之后的这一天,大多数飞机仍然停飞,天空安静得出奇A. particularlyB. unusuallyC. mysteriouslyD. pleasantly10. Considered by many archaeologists to be the first human civilization, Sumer has yielded many huge stone carvings. Deciphered, they described "gods〞who came from another planet in flying machines.被许多考古学家认为是第一个人类文明,苏美尔已经产生了许多巨大的石雕.他们解释说,"神〞是来自另一个星球的飞行器A. InspiredB. InterpretedC. ImprovedD. ImplantedCADBD DCACB。
Lesson 41 Bill Clinton was hard to miss in the autumn of 1970. He arrived at Yale Law School looking more like a Viking than a Rhodes Scholar returning from two years at Oxford.He was tall and handsome somewhere beneath that reddish brown beard and curly mane of hair. He also had a vitality that seemed to shoot out of his pores.1970年秋天，你想不注意比尔-克林顿也不容易。
他来到耶鲁大学法学院时,看上去像一个北欧海盗，而不像一个在牛津大学呆了两年后回国的罗兹奖学金获得者。
他身材高大，他那棕红色的胡子和卷曲而浓密的头发使他显得很帅气。
他浑身充满了活力。
当我第一次在法学院的学生休息室里见到他时，正对着一帮全神贯注的同学滔滔不绝地讲着什么。
2 The way bill tells the story, he couldn’t remember his own name.在比尔讲述这段事情的版本中他说他当时都想不起来自己叫什么名字了。
3 To this day, he can astonish me with the connections he weaves between ideas and words and how he makes it all sound like music.直到现在我还常为他敏捷的思维和恰如其分的用词，以及他如何能够将要表达的思想说得那么动听而感到惊讶不已。
4 One of the first things I noticed about Bill was the shape of his hands. His wrists are narrow and his fingers tapered and deft, like those of a pianist or a surgeon. When we first met as students, I loved watching him turn the papes of a book. Now his hands are showing signs of age after thousands of handshakes and golf swings and miles of signatures. They are, like their owner, weathered but still expressive, attractive and resilient.我首先注意到的是比尔的手的形状。
Lesson 11.昨日发生的恐怖主义活动使美国人的生活暗淡无光，在他们的生活中留下了印迹，并永远地改变了他们的生活。
2.佛罗里达州立大学创伤心理学教授查尔斯·费格里说：“我们得学一学其它许多国家曾经经历过的东西，那就是从文化上和在全国范围内来应对恐惧。
”他还说：“我们正在体验恐惧是怎样起作用的。
”3.美国是一个一向以开放自豪甚至洋洋得意的国家，在这里，人们可以独自在美国国会大楼里闲庭信步，而现在，恐怖袭击很有可能迫使美国人处处小心，惶惶不可终日。
其实我们很大程度上已经是这样了。
许多政府大楼的前门装设的金属探测器已然成为一道风景线，大部分的办公大楼里也必备保安。
4.报复有很大的危险，会引发和在中东及北爱尔兰一样的紧张的暴力和反暴力的恶性攀升。
与那些不得不在暴力中学习如何生存的国家不同，“我们是新手”曾在南斯拉夫训练过创伤急救队的项目负责人费格里博士说：“我所担心的是惩罚，报复，种族主义和排斥少数民族的举动会过于偏激，适得其反。
”5.对于恐怖主义的恐惧会使美国人接受比现在更多的来自政府的监控，例如在运动竞赛场上高架的摄象机。
哈佛大学法学院教授威廉姆斯·斯汤资说：“经过目前这些事件，我们将发现，无论是公众’还是法庭，都会在更大程度上接受某些警察的策略。
”Lesson 51.戴维先到一步，事后他气愤地向我发难说当他告诉领班准备和谁一起吃饭时，领班的语气骤然逆转。
一瞬间就从“这是个什么人？”变成“这边有请，先生。
”当我们赶到时，拍照的人已经在饭店外忙个不停了。
戴维开始嘲笑我是伦敦这家高级饭店里的知名人物。
这时，我俩向屋内望去并同时看到了我们的偶像。
2.我的生活中——与维多利亚一起的生活中——一件美好的事情就是有时那些让我在见面之前紧张不安，在见面时张口结舌的人，最终却成为我的朋友。
3.他们非常慷慨：我在意大利见到埃尔顿的那个下午，几乎他所做的第一件事就是把他们在法国南部的住处提供给维多利亚和我以便我们一旦需要远离烦乱的生活时有个落脚的地方。
研究生英语读写教程提高级Unit 7
进入研究生阶段，英语不再仅仅是一门学科，而更像是一种工具，帮助我研读更专业的文献、参与国际学术交流，以及撰写高水平的论文。
当我翻开《研究生英语读写教程提高级》Unit 7时，我感到了一种与以往不同的挑战。
Unit 7的主题是跨文化交际，其中涉及了许多我之前未曾深入了解的领域。
文章中通过真实的案例，深入浅出地讲解了跨文化交际中的误解与冲突，以及如何避免这些问题。
在学习过程中，我深感跨文化交际的重要性。
在全球化的今天，能够与不同文化背景的人进行有效沟通是每个研究生必备的技能。
在学习Unit 7的过程中，我遇到了不少困难。
有些概念和文化背景对我来说很陌生，需要花更多的时间去理解与消化。
同时，文章中大量的专业词汇也考验了我的英语功底。
但正是这些挑战，让我更加坚定了学习的决心。
我通过查阅相关资料、与同学讨论以及反复阅读课文，逐渐克服了这些困难。
经过这一单元的学习，我不仅掌握了跨文化交际的基本概念和技巧，还对英语阅读和写作有了更深入的理解。
我发现，要想真正掌握一门语言，仅靠课堂上的学习是远远不够的，还需要大量的实践和应用。
这次学习经验让我更加明白自己的学习方向和目标。
未来，我计划更加深入地研究跨文化交际的相关知识，并尝试将其应用于实际生活中。
我相信，这门课程带给我的不仅仅是知识，更是一种跨文化的视野和思维方式。
我希望能够在学术研究的道路上走得更远，与世界各地的同行进行深入的交流与合作。
Lesson 11. Yesterday’s terrorism darkened, marked and forever altered the way Americans live their lives. 昨日发生的恐怖主义活动使美国人的生活暗淡无光，在他们的生活中留下了印迹，并永远地改变了他们的生活。
2. “We are going to have to learn what a lot of other countries have gone through: to manage fear at a cultural and national level,” said Charles Figley, a professor of trauma psychology at Florida State University. “We’re getting a lesson in the way fear works.”佛罗里达州立大学创伤心理学教授查尔斯?费格里说:“我们得学一学其它许多国家曾经经历过的东西，那就是从文化上和在全国范围内来应对恐惧。
”他还说:“我们正在体验恐惧是怎样起作用的。
”3. In a country long proud and even boastful of its openness—a country where an ordinary citizen can stroll through the U.S. Capitol unescorted—the terrorist attacks are likely to force Americans to a lot of that. Metal detectors now mark the front door of many government buildings, and security guards are a fixture in the lobby of most large office buildings.美国是一个一向以开放自豪甚至洋洋得意的国家，在这里，人们可以独自在美国国会大楼中闲庭信步，而现在，恐怖袭击很有可能迫使美国人处处小心，惶惶不可终日。
Unit I Personal InformationTask 2Listening: You will hear some instructions about your personal information. Listen to the recording and complete the table below with your answers.Number 1Man: What country would you like to visit? Write it in the circle. If you could go anywhere in the world, where would you go? Write the country in the circle.Number 2Woman: Write a friend's name in the triangle.What's the name of one of your friends? Write the name in the triangle.Number 3Man: Where are you from? Write the name of the place in the square.In the square, write the name of your hometown.Number 4Woman: What do you like to do in your free time?Write it in the triangle.What are you interested in? Write a free-time activity in the triangle.Number 5Man: What don't you enjoy doing? Write it in the circle.In the circle, write down something you don't like to do.Number 6Woman: At school, what is or was your favorite subject? Write it in the square.What class at school do you or did you like the most? Write the name of the subject in the square. Number 7Man: Write your favorite kind of music in the triangle.What kind of music do you like the best? Write it in the triangle.Number 8Woman: In the circle, write something you like best. It can be a food, a sport, or anything else.Write the name of something you like best in the circle.HereditaryAggressiveSubtractaddTask 4Listening: Look at the following questionnaire about your life expectancy. First fill in this questionnaire with information about yourself. Then listen to the recording and write down the scores for each question. Add up your total life expectancy.What do your answers to the questionnaire mean?Write what you must add or subtract in the boxes.1. If you're a man subtract 3 years and if you're a woman add 4 years.2. If you're between 30 and 39 years old add 2 years; If you're between 40 and 59 add 3 years; between 50 and 69 add 4 years.3/4. Towns and cities are unhealthy places; If you live in a large town or city take off 2 years, but if you live in a village or in the country, add 2 years.5/6. Married people live longer; Take off three years if you live on your own, but you can add 5 years if you live with a partner.7/8. Education is good for you. Add I year for a university degree and another 2 years for a postgraduatequalification.9. If you sit down most of the day, subtract 3 years.10. Add 2 years if you exercise for at least 20 to 30 minutes 3 times a week.11. If you spend more than 10 hours a day asleep, take off 4 years.12. If you're happy add a year; If you're unhappy subtract 2 years.13. If you're relaxed add 3 years. Subtract 3 years if you're quick-tempered and aggressive.14. Don't smoke if you want a long life. Subtract 3 years for up to 10 cigarettes a day, 4 years for 10 to 20,6 years for up to 40 and 8 years for more than 40. If you're a non-smoker, but you live with a smoker,take off I year.15. Three glasses of wine or beer a day are OK for men, 2 are OK for women. If you drink more than this,take off a year.16. Overweight? If you're up to 15 kilos too heavy subtract 2 years, 16 to 25 kilos take off 4 years.17. Long life runs in families. Add 2 years for each grandparent over 80 years old now or when they died.18. Some diseases are hereditary, too. Take off three years if anyone in your close family (brothers, sisters,parents, grandparents) has or had heart trouble. Take off another year if anyone in your family died under the age of 50.To calculate your life expectancy, start with an average age of 72 years. Then add or subtract the numbers.Task 6Listening: A group of people have just met. They will go on an expedition tour from London to South Africa. They are now introducing themselves to others. Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what 3ou hear.Marie: Hi, everyone. Welcome to Thrillseekers. I'm Marie Gregg and this is Jack Roberts. We're going to be your guides on our expedition from London to South Africa.Jack: Hi! As you heard, my name's Jack and, as you can probably tell from my accent, I'm from South Africa. And this is Bessie, our trusty vehicle. She's going to take us all the way down through Europe and Africa to Cape Town. Now we're going to be together on the road for the next five weeks, so we need to get to know each other. Can I ask you all to introduce yourselves briefly to the group? Now, who would like to start? Yes?Lulu: Hello, everybody. My name's Lulu McNulty and I'm from Sydney, Australia. I'm a fashion designer.My father was born in South Africa. I've always wanted to go there, because he's told me so much about the place. So I'm really looking forward to the trip.Jack: Thanks, Lulu. And now the person next to Paola.Paola: Hi. I'm Paola, PaolaRossi. I'm an accountant. I work for a big chemical company. Oh, and I'm from Argentina from Buenos Aires. At the moment I'm working in London. I've been here for about a year now. I like travelling but I like a bit of adventure, too. So that's why I wanted to go on this trip.Jack: Thank you, Paola and... ?Istvan: Hi. I'm Istvan Tisza. I'm from Hungary and I'm a student.Marie: What are you studying, Istvan?Istvan: I'm studying psychology at the University of Budapest. I wanted to come on this trip because I'd like to do something unusual. And also I'll have a chance to practise my English.Jack: Thanks a lot, Istvan, and...Task 7Listening: You will hear an interview with someone. Below is a list of questions for the interview.Listen to the recording and not down the answers to the questions in the spaces provided.( I = Interviewer; C = Celebrity)I: Could you tell us a little bit about yourself?C. Sure.I: First of all, where were you born?C: I was born in London, but I've got dual nationality because my mother's from Nicaragua.I: Do you still live in London?C: No, I'm living in Ibiza now.I: Oh, really? How long have you been there?C: Not long. I moved from London with my two daughters, Assisi and Amba, about six months ago.I: Are you happy there?C: Yeah, very happy. We love the outdoor life. Also, my mother's a Spanish speaker and I feel more comfortable in a Latin country.I: Have you made any new friends?C. Yeah, I've made lots of new friends here. A few English, but my two best friends are Argentinian andSpanish.I: What do you do for a living?C: I'm a painter, but I've recently started a jewellery business with a friend, and that takes up most of my time. I also do some modelling when I need the cash!I: And what do you do in your free time?C: Well, with a business and two young children I don't have much free time, but I love reading and listening to music.I: What sort of music do you like?C: All sorts: pop music and classical.I: Do you ever listen to the Rolling Stones?C: No, never, but don't tell my father.I: How often do you see your parents?C: Not very often. My mother's in New York and my father's often on tour. But we all love big family get-togethers.I: You've obviously travelled a lot. What's your favourite placein the world?C: That's a difficult question because I've been to so many amazing places, but I think Brazil is my favourite. The children love it there too.I: Finally, can I ask one last question--who chose your name?C: I think my father chose it. My mother wanted me to have a Spanish name.Unit 2 Daily PlansTask 3Listening: You will hear two people arranging a meeting to talk about a few things. Below are the diary pages for the two of them. Some of the information is missing on the diary pages. Listen tothe recording and fill in the missing information with what you hear.Mary: When can we get together to discuss a few things, Alan?Alan: Just a minute, let me get my diary. Right. This week?Mary: OK. We need about two or three hours. What about today? Are you free this morning?Alan: No, sorry. Some people from Poland are coming to see us. But they're leaving at midday, so theafternoon's free.Mary: No, I can't make that. We're interviewing for a new secretary.Alan: Are you doing anything on Tuesday?Mary: Well, I'm giving a lecture at 10:00 and I'm going to the dentist in the afternoon. How about lunch? Alan: No good, I'm afraid. I'm having lunch with Peter. Is Wednesday afternoon any good for you? I'm going to an exhibition in the morning, but the afternoon's free.Mary: No, I'm sorry, That's no good for me. I'm meeting the director at 2:30.Alan: Well, I'm afraid that's it for this week, then. I'm going to Holland on Thursday morning.Mary: Oh yes, so you are. When are you coming back?Alan: Sunday, but I don' t get back till 11:00 at night. Is any evening any good for you?Mary: No, I'm rehearsing for my new play every evening this week.Alan: Well, it looks like next week, then. But anyway, I must go now. Bye, darling.Mary: Bye. Don't forget you're taking the children to the party tonight.Alan: What? But I'm playing tennis at 7: 00. Can't you take them, Mary?Mary: No, I told you. I'm rehearsing this evening.Alan: Oh, damn. Now I can't...Task 4Listening: You will hear four short conversations. In each of them, some people are making arrangements for an activity. Listen to the recording and complete the table below with what you hear. Number 1(Phone rings; Pickup)Karen: Hello.Tony: Hi, Karen. This is Tony.Karen: Oh, hi. I'm looking forward to lunch tomorrow.Tony: Uh, that's what I'm calling about. We were supposed to meet at noon, right?.Karen: Yeah. Um, at the Bangkok Cafe.Tony: Look, we're kind of busy here at work. Can we have lunch a little closer to my office? I have to get right back to my desk.Karen: Yeah, OK. How about the Plaza?Tony: The Plaza? Great! I love their salad bar.Karen: OK I'll see you at the Plaza at noon then.Tony: OK. Sorry about the change, Karen.Karen: Oh, no problem.Tony: Bye.Karen: Bye. (Hangs up)Number 2First Woman: So we're meeting at seven-thirty in front of Hayes Hall, right?Second Woman: Well, how about earlier? Would you like to get something to eat before the concert? First Woman: That'd be nice. Let's go to the Museum Cafe.Second Woman: OK. About six-thirty?First Woman: Ah, well. Let's meet at six. Give ourselves a little more time. We don't want to be late for the concert.Second Woman: Six, at the Museum Cafe. Got it. No problem.Number 3Announcer: Attention passengers on Northern Airways flight 475 to Seattle. There has been a delay. Theflight will now depart at six o'clock. Flight 475 to Seattle will leave at six o'clock from gatetwelve.Passenger: Six o'clock! Great. We've got some time. Let's get something to eat.Number 4(Phone rings; Pickup)Patient: Hello.Secretary: Hello. Ms. Clark?Patient: Yes.Secretary: This is Dr. Lee's office. You have an appointment today at two-thirty.Patient: Yes, that's right.Secretary: We're very sorry, but Dr. Lee was called to the hospital today. We'd like to reschedule your appointment to tomorrow at the same time.Patient: Tomorrow at two-thirty? That's the twenty-first?Secretary: That's right. Tomorrow at two-thirty.Patient: That's OK.Secretary: We're sorry for the inconvenience.Patient: That's all right. Goodbye.Secretary: Bye.Task 6Listening: Joe Hill is a manager of a company. He has two assistants: Samantha and Colin. He also .has a secretary named Mandy. Joe's life at the moment is getting very busy. In addition to his normal heavy workload, there are a number of other things needing his attention. You will hear a conversation between Joe and Mandy. Listen to the recording and write down Joe's activities for the day.Mandy: Are you ready to go through the diary for today?Joe: Yes, OK.Mandy: Well, first there are several letters on your desk that need signing. Then from 9:30 to 10:30 you've got a meeting with John Clark from KRP. He's already arrived.Joe: Uh-huh.Mandy: At 10:30 there's the regular monthly meeting of the finance committee.Joe: When does that finish?Mandy: At 12:00. Then Sheila Gordon is coming over about the new offices. She wants to discuss the new designs with you.Joe: Does that have to be today?Mandy: Well, it seems so. We're the only department that hasn't chosen the colours and furniture and so on. So we've been holding everything up.Joe: All right.Mandy: That will probably take till 1:00 p.m. And we were supposed to be going over to see the building some time today, too. Then at 1:00 p.m. you'll be having lunch with the Managing Director.Joe: Oh, yes. He wants to discuss next week's meeting. We don't want a repeat of last year, do we, Joe?Oh dear.Mandy: Then we've set aside this afternoon for writing the annual report. The deadline is 5 o'clock, if we're to get it out in time for the Directors' meeting next week.Joe: I hate that job. It always takes at least three hours.Mandy: And you're leaving at 5:00 p.m. promptly today.Joe: Yes, it's my son's birthday party.Mandy: Well, you can't miss that. It's... is something wrong, Joe?Joe: No, I've just been getting some pains in my chest lately, that's all. It's probably nothing.Mandy: You should see a doctor.Joe: When do I get the chance? The surgery is only open till 1:00 p.m.Mandy: Well, you shouldn't take chances with your health. Oh, I'm afraid we need to fit something else in today. Samantha phoned just now. She wants to see you today about getting a new assistant. Joe: But she knows the policy on new posts.Mandy: Well, yes, but she says she's got too much work for one person and...Joe: Yes?Mandy: And if you don't see her today, she'll resign. And I think she means it this time, Joe.Joe: Oh dear! Well, when...Male voice: Sorry to disturb you, but we've just had this urgent fax for Mr Hill.Task 7Listening: You will hear a conversation between Joe and his wife. Listen to the recording and note down what Joe is supposed to do for today and tomorrow for the family.Marcia: Hello 87549.Joe: Hello, Marcia.Marcia: Hello, darling. This is a nice surprise.Joe: Well, actually I've got a problem. I've had this urgent fax from Brussels. They want me to go out there this afternoon.Marcia: But it's Donald's birthday party and you promised you'd be there this year. You remember how upset he was when you missed it last year.Joe: I know, but we may lose an important contract if I don't go.Marcia: Well, what time will you be back?Joe: Tomorrow morning, I imagine.Marcia: What? Oh, this is the limit, Joe. You know I'm going to the BCI Conference tomorrow and you said that you'd take Donald and Sarah to school and pick them up.Joe: Oh no. I'd forgotten about that. Can't you get someone else to take them?Marcia: It doesn't matter, I should have known better than to rely on you in the first place.Joe: Marcia... Marcia! Oh damn.Task 9Listening: You will hear Joe talking with his secretary Mandy again. They are talking about what Joe should or shouldn't do today. Joe will have to make some decisions. Listen to the recordingand complete the chart below with what you hear.Presenter: Joe has one main problem. He has too much to do. It's a common problem that we all have at some time in our lives. How should you deal with this problem? Well, there are three things that you must decide:1. What are my priorities?2. What can I delegate? What can or should be done by someone else?3. Are other people making unreasonable demands? So let's see how Joe deals with the situation in the light of these questions.Joe: Right then, Mandy. I've had a think about today. This is what we're going to do.Mandy: OK. I'll get the diary.Joe: Now. I've got to see John Clark, because he's already here. But the finance meeting and the meetingwith Sheila Gordon... Colin can deal with those. He's learning the ropes and the best way to do that is to take responsibility.Mandy: Right. I'll phone him.Joe: So I'm now free after 10:307Mandy: That's right.Joe: Now my first priority is to stay alive. So I want you to make an appointment at the doctor's about these pains in my chest, please.Mandy: Very sensible.Joe: Then after that, could you ask Samantha to come and see me? We can't lose her so I must see her. Mandy: But what are you going to say to her about the new post?Joe: I'll promise to put her request for a new post to the Directors' meeting next week. I hope that will keep her happy.Mandy. What about the birthday party?Joe: Well, I've promised my wife and children that I will be there this evening, so I'm going to keep that promise and I need to keep the Directors happy. So it's very important that I have lunch with the Managing Director and that I write the annual report. But I think Colin can help me with that. Mandy: So what about the Alitrain contract?Joe: Well, I think Alitrain are being unreasonable. If their new chap wants to speak to me, he shouldn't leave it to the last minute. You can't do business like that. So I think that's it. Could you get me the Belgium office on the phone, please?Mandy: Yes, of course. Oh, what about going over to see the new building?Joe: Oh, that can wait. I'll go and see it tomorrow.Unit 3 PlacesTask 3Listening: You will hear an interview with four people about their opinions of different places. Listen to the recording and note down the information 3ou hear to fill in the chart below.Number One(I = Interviewer; P = Paulo)I: Do you like your city?P: Oh yes, I feel lucky to be living in a city that's so big and exciting. I love looking out of my apartment window over the high-rise buildings.I: What's the city centre like?P: Some people say it's too noisy and crowded, but I love that. There's always something to see and do.We also have the most famous beach in the world--Copacabana Beach. Then, on the other side of the city, there are beautiful mountains. The highest one is called Corcovado, and it has the famous statue of Christ. If you look down at the city from there, the view is spectacular.I: What's the weather like?P: It's great most of the time. The only time I don't like Rio much is in the summer: it's too hot and humid.Number Two(I = Interviewer; G = Gisela)I: Do you like your city?G: Yes, it's wonderful. I think my city has everything.I: What's the architecture like?G: It's a mixture of old and new with plenty of shops for everybody. The castle is the most famous monument, and at night it looks amazing.I: What's the nightlife like?G: It's a young city because of the university, so there are plenty of cheap restaurants and interesting cafes and bars. It s got a great nightlife.I: And what are the people like?G: Well, some people are a bit reserved, but in general they're really friendly.Number Three( I - Interviewer; A - Armelle)I: Where do you live?A: Well, I live in a small village with my parents. My grandparents live here too, and my aunts and uncles. In fact, I think I'm related to about fifty per cent of the people in my village.I: What's your village like?A: It's very pretty. The countryside is beautiful, and the air is lovely and clean. But it's too quiet. I find it so dull and boring here--there aren't any discos or cinemas.I: What are the people like?A: Oh, they're lovely, but there aren't many young people. I want to go and live in the city. Soon. Number Four(I = Interviewer; L = Luigi)I: What do you think of your city?L: It is a very special place. There is nowhere else in the world like my city--it's so romantic.I: What's the city centre like?L: The buildings are beautiful, and we have San Marco, one of the most famous churches in the world.San Marco Square is wonderful, and during carnival in February Venice is the best place in the world to be.I: Do you like living here?L: No, I really hate living here. It's horrible. There are too many tourists everywhere.I: Oh dear. What are the shops like?L: Well, because of the tourists the shops are too expensive and the canals are dirty and polluted. My city is not big enough for all these people. Why don't they leave us in peace?Task 5Listening: What do you already know about Hong Kong? You will hear someone talking about this place. Listen to the recording and note down the information you hear.Talking about Hong KongUm, the population of Hong Kong is, urn, it's about six million. Um and there are a large number of islands, the New Territories and Kowloon are actually part of the mainland of China but Hong Kong Island is actually separate from that, um, the population, there tend to be well, open spaces and then very densely populated areas. As far as the climate's concerned, in the summer, um, it reaches 34 degrees but the humidity can be sometimes up to about 100 per cent so it, it's very very sticky...Um, as far as the food is concerned, it's a wonderful place, I mean, I think there are something like 19 thousand restaurants for a population of six million, which is incredible--it's the most incredible place...Um it's the sort of place where everybody has to be responsible for themselves financially, there's no social security network so people try to make their fortunes and there is an emphasis on money.., but most people are really friendly. I think anyway.Umm. Then, as far as the food's concerned, it's very, very mixed, it's the kind of place where you can find Japanese, Chinese, Thai, French, and Italian restaurants all in the same street--and everyone's eating in the Burger King round the corner !Task 6Listening: You will hear three people talking about three different places. Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear.First, AmeliaAmelia: Everyone falls in love with Rio de Janeiro. People in Rio spend so much time outdoors. Oh, and they are so friendly. Sometimes, it seems that everyone is on one of those beautiful beaches, especially Copacabana. Many, many visitors come just for the music. Samba remains popular, and you won't be disappointed by Rio's excellent nightlife.Next, RolandRoland: Um... I think if you come to Sydney, you'll really enjoy it. The people you meet will always help you, and we re very friendly to strangers. Oh, and of course, Sydney Harbor is absolutely beautiful--it's the largest in the world. And if you really want to see some local animals, uh, you should come to Taronga Zoo--there are all kinds of Australian marsupials there, including koala bears.Finally, LilyLily: Visitors love Singapore for the shopping. It's excellent, and you can get some real bargains here. But... um... what I think you'd like the most about Singapore is the mix of different people--um... Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Europeans. The food is great, too--you know, all kinds of Asian food and not expensive at all. The... um... outdoor food markets are the best places to eat.Task 8Listening: You will hear two people being interviewed about their experience of living in Britain and Ecuador ( ). The first person is from France and the second from Britain. Listen to theinterview and write down their answers to the questions below.Interviewer: What's the best thing about living in Britain?Therese: The best thing? I would say.., my relationship with my boyfriend.I: What's the worst thing?T: Being in Britain! No, I don't know, I think the worst thing is the food.., and the coffee, oh yes, the coffee.I: What do you miss most about France?T: Well, first of all my family, second my food, and third my friends.., my friends most of all.I: What's the strangest thing about living in Britain?T: The strangest thing... I found it very strange, I still find it very strange that the pubs close at 11 o'clock.., and the fact that you can't go into a bar just to... you can't really go into a bar just to have a cup of tea or coffee or you know, at 7 o'clock at night, I find it a little bit strange.I: What advice would you give someone coming to live in Britain?T: A French person? If... What would it be? Bring an umbrella.Interviewer: What was the best thing about living in Ecuador?Jim: The best thing for me I think was the mountains, I loved the mountains.I: And what was the worst thing?J: I don't think there was a worst thing really, I just liked everything about it.I: What did you miss most about England?J: What did I miss most? My bed and er... probably family and friends because I couldn't afford to come home for Christmas.I: What was the strangest thing about living in Ecuador?J: The strangest thing? Being rich! I mean even on my salary I could afford to do things, like, like.., fly somewhere for the weekend.I: What advice would you give someone going to live in Ecuador?J: Travel around as much as they can, it's an amazing place...Unit 4 DietTask 3Listening: You will hear three conversations. Some people are talking about the food and drink they are having at different places. Listen to the recording and complete the table below with what you hear. Number OneMan 1: Ooh, this is really spicy, isn't it?Woman: Whew, yes, it is. It's tasty, though. I don't usually eat curry and rice, but this is really good. Man 1: Curry's not too hot for you?Woman: Oh, no, it's fine. And you know what? The rice tastes really fresh. It's pretty good for a place like this, don't you think?Man 1: Yeah. Gould you pass the water, please? I think I need some more.Woman: Sure, here, I'll pour.Man 2: Hi, is it OK if I sit here?Woman: Oh, yeah, sure. Um, just let me just move my bag off the chair for you.Man 2: OK, thanks.Number TwoMan: ... better than it usually is.Waitress: OK, here you go.Man: Oh, thanks.Woman: Thanks.Man: Thanks a lot.Waitress: Sure. Enjoy!Man: Oh, thank you. You know something, this cheesecake looks really good.Woman: It sure does. Hey now, don't forget we're sharing it!Man: Ha-ha ! I know.Woman: Mmm. Wow, that is rich. Ooh, it's really sweet, too.Man: Do you think that we should get some more coffee?Woman: Oh, no thanks, I think I'm OK. Listen, is it OK with you if we ask for the check now? I know that we're still eating, but I'm in a bit of a hurry.Man: No, sure, it's fine. Thanks. Excuse me, can.., uh... we have the check, please?。
第七课 A不快活的长寿丽莎盖博瑞尔（1）上周有人给了我一份关于老年妇女与长寿的研究报告。
报告称他们发现患有明显的、轻度抑郁症的妇女寿命会更长一些。
我想这个结论太让人吃惊了，然后就把报告团成一团扔在脑后了。
以前还有人说过“金钱可以缓解紧张情绪”，说谎的人能成为好作家”以及“爱情不专一的男人更会说谎。
”（另一方面，研究人员发现抑郁对男人的寿命没有影响，这是因为当问到有什么不舒服的时候，男人总是使劲地标出“没有”）。
（2）我们大多数人都会认识一位年老的大妈、或孤独的老奶奶或寡居的邻居老太太，她们对生活的态度有些悲观。
要是她们能停止抱怨腰痛呀、噪音呀、?休金太少呀，污染呀，或是外国人来的太多呀，我们还能多和她们在一起呆一会儿。
有时候我们实在不愿意听她们的抱怨，就想，我们真不敢想象她们都这样了，怎么还能活着呢？（Energizer Bunny 是指电视广告上装了 Energizer 牌电池的兔子一直不停的动，而别的兔子都不能动了。
in sup- port hose：穿着带支架的护腿，意旨老年人。
编者注）。
（3）我自己的外婆得了中风和糖尿病后，又过了几十年才去世。
她生命的最后十年，因瘫痪只能戴着成年人尿不湿坐在轮椅上，在一家相当好的医院里的慢性病护理科度过。
她差不多快 100 岁了，一生中大部分时间没有太多高兴的事情。
我妈妈是个永远年轻而又充满活力的人，她经常去看望我的外婆，比我们这些不太关心她的孙子孙女去的次数多多了。
可怜的外婆经常抱怨，每当我们问她过得怎么样的时候，她总是缩着肩膀说，糟糕透了，你想我能怎么样呢？（4）我们也不能责怪她。
她经历了两次世界大战，经历了大萧条时期，与一位难以相处的男人渡过了漫长的婚姻生活，四十年代的她已经四十多岁了，却又意外怀孕生子。
在可怕的晚年生活中，又不得不委曲地和一位大哭大闹的陌生人住在一个房间，不得不让那些不耐烦的护士给她在不怎么热的水里洗海绵浴。
对于这些，任何一个乐观的人也会出现某种抑郁，不是吗？（5）但是我们大家都一致认为她和我们以及护士们吵闹能使她的头脑清醒；甜蜜的肥皂剧能使她激动，她那些不知感恩的，懒惰的孙儿孙女们不来看她使她总是不满。
研究生英语阅读教程（提高级-第三版）教师用书.新编研究生英语系列教程研究生英语阅读教程（提高级/第三版）Lesson 1Spillonomics: Underestimating Risk (1)Lesson 2Humbled by Nature, Humble by Culture (9) Lesson 3How We Broke the Murdoch Scandal (14)Unit Two Reading Biographies and Personal Recollections Lesson 4 BillClinton (21)Lesson 5Steve Jobs (39)Lesson 6 A Beautiful Mind (42)Unit Three Reading EssaysLesson 7 A Christmas Sermon on Peace (57)Lesson 8Left for Dead (64)Lesson 9Spell of the Rising Moon (68)Unit Four Reading Scientific andTechnical ArticlesLesson 10OurPicture of the Universe (74)Lesson 11Mind over Machine (87)Lesson 12 2 Inches Between Life, Death (95)Unit Five Reading Short Stories andNovelsLesson 13Cat in the Rain (101)Lesson 14The Stolen Party (106)Lesson 15 A Summer’s Reading (109)课文全文参考译文 (113)Unit One Reading News ReportsLesson 1Spillonomics: Underestimating RiskKEYS TO EXERCISES. Reading ComprehensionA.1. B (Paragraph 1: Years before the Deepwater Horizon rig blew, BP was developing a reputation as an oil company that took safety risks to save money.)2. C (Paragraph 1: None other than Joe Barton, a Republican congressman from Texas and a global-warmi ng skeptic… none other than: used to emphasize the surprising identity of a person or thing 正是，恰是)3. D (Paragraph 4: For all the criticism BP executives may deserve, they are far from the only people to struggle with such low-probability, high-cost events. Nearly everyone does.)4. B (Paragraph 4: When an event is difficult to imagine, we tend to underestimate its likelihood. This is the proverbial black swan.)5. C (Paragraph 6: After the 9/11 attacks, Americans canceled plane trips and took to the road. There were no terrorist attacks in this country in 2002, yet the additional driving apparently led to an increase in traffic fatalities.)6. B (Paragraph 7: When the stakes are high enough, it falls to government to help its citizens avoid these entirely human errors. The market, left to its own devices, often cannot do so.)7. D (Paragraph 8: Federal law helped them underestimate the costs.)8. A (Paragraph 10: The big financial risk is no longer a housing bubble. Instead, it may be the huge deficits that the growth of Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security will cause in coming years—and the possibility that lenders will eventually become nervous about extending credit to Washington.)9. A (Paragraph 12: Nothing like that has ever happenedbefore. Even imagining it isdifficult. It is much easier to hope that the odds of such an outcome are vanishingly small. In fact, it’s only natural to have this hope. But that doesn’t make it wise.)10. D (The whole text.)B.Reasons BehindWrong Actions Consequences Suggested SolutionsDeepwater HorizonObsession with profits Cost cutting BP should be fully aware ofSafety could not be the potential risks and spendguaranteed more money to make theirHuman weakness Underestimating the risksfacilities safer.Congress and the Obamaadministration should takeA 1990 Congress law put a Federal law helped BPsensible steps, like liftingGovernment policy cap on spiller’s liability for executives underestimatethe liability cap and freeingcleanup cost at $75 million. the costs of damages.regulators from the sway ofindustry.. V ocabularyⅡA.1. C2. B3. C4. B5. A6. D7. D8. D9. C10. AB.1. cap2. In the wake of3. proverbial4. stem from5. odds6. given7. come what may8. Far from9. sway 10. In retrospectⅢ. Cloze1. wisdom2. tend3. shrink4. unexpected5. puzzle6. came up with7. severe 8. altered 9. Regardless of 10. necessarilyⅣ. Translation1. 就连乔·巴顿，对全球变暖持怀疑态度、来自得克萨斯州的共和党众议员，都谴责BP 管理人员“对安全和环境问题表现得漠不关心”。
