研究生英语阅读教程(提高版)课后翻译(带原文)

研究生英语阅读教程(提高级_第三版)翻译Lesson 21、It is a cliche,as it is to take of apocalypse and nightmare, but when something is beyondour experience,we reach for the points of reference we have.说到世界XXX和噩梦又是老生常谈，但是当事情超出我们的阅历时，我们总会寻觅现有的东西作为参照。

2、Lest you should ever forget the smallness of being human, the iconic Mount Fuji, instantly recognizable yet somehow different on every viewing is an extinct volcano.恐怕你会遗忘作为人类的渺小，标志性的富士山，一眼即能认出但不知何故每次观察又展现出不同景象，就是一座死火山。

3、It surprised me, over the following months that the gas attack seemed to dominate thenational media coverage, whereas Kobe, after the initial weeks of horrifying footage, slipped somewhat into the background.在随后的几个月里，让我吃惊的是毒气袭击似乎占领了国家媒体报道的主要内容，而神户大地震经过了最初几周骇人听闻的电视报道后，已经退居次位了。

4、Rather than immersing ourselves in the language of horrorfilms and the end of the world,when the time is right to try to glimpse this new territory, we might for thought reach fora book by Japan’s most popular contemporary novelist.我们不能沉醉在XXX片和世界XXX的语言中，在合适的时光，假如想要了解这一新的领域，我们可以考虑看看XXX最流行的现代小说家的一本书。

Rats and Men"Insoluble" ProblemsProfessor N. R. F. Maier of the University of Michigan performed a series of experiments several years ago in which "neurosis" is induced in rats. The rats are first trained to jump off the edge of a platform at one of two doors.If the rat jumps to the right, the door holds fast, and it bumps its nose and falls into a net; if it jumps to the left, the door opens, and the rat finds a dish of food. When the rats are well trained to this reaction, the situation is changed. The food is put behind the other door, so that in order to get their reward they now have to jump to the right instead of to the left. (Other changes, such as marking the two doors in different ways, may also be introduced by the experimenter.)If the rat fails to figure out the new system, so that each time it jumps it never knows whether it is going to get food or bump its nose, it finally gives up and refuses to jump at all. At this stage, Dr. Maier says, "Many rats prefer to starve rather than make a choice."密执安大学的N.R.F. 麦耶教授几年前做过一系列可以诱导鼠产生“神经官能症”的实验。

贵州大学研究生英语阅读教程提高级第三版词汇及翻译答案Lesson 21、the story about the brothers grimm may evoke warm memoriesof story time in the comforting arms of a parent.A recallB createC releaseD collect2、one of the secrets of successful travel lies in always turningadversity to your advantage.A unfamiliarityB explorationC pleasureD difficulties3、The claws of bears may be used to climb trees, rip opennests and beehives ,or catch prey.A clearB tearC throwD dig4、The analysts are dissecting intrusions and other attacks that havebreached their computer systems.A interceptingB fightingC analyzingD discussing5、He spent whole days in his room, headphones on lest he disturbanyone.A unlessB whenC so thatD in case6、As the unemployment lines lengthened and factories closed,therewas talk of apocalypse.A emergencyB uncertaintyC disasterD reduction7、The odor of the hospital was so unforgiving that every so often shewould bring the cloud of white flowers to her nose.A unexpectedB uniqueC impressiveD terrible8、Critics argue that the lavish park itself is incongruous in a countrywhere around half the population lives below the poverty line.A inappropriateB creativeC unnecessaryD enjoyable9、Many believed optimistically the new would soothe markets ,but itseems to have had the opposite effect.A pushB misleadC calmD discourage10、 A stoical person tends to show admirable patience and endurancein the face of adversity without getting upset.A confidentB uncomplainingC unconventionalD reliable Lesson 41、During the lecture all the audience listened to china’s firstastronaut with rapt admiration.A obscureB obviousC obligedD obsessed2、Most of her colleagues didn’t like her because she was adept atthe fine art of irritating people.A ambitiousB annoyingC skillfulD scornful3、In the schools today we need, more than ever, the training of defthands,quick eyes and ears ,and above all thebroader,deeper,higher culture of gifted mind and pure hearts.A skillfulB cleverC delicateD elegant4、At last the judge decided to give the custody of the child to hisfather.A supervisionB cateringC raisingD fostering5、Denver residents continued to dig out from what was called theworst blizzard in nearly a century.A catastropheB disasterC snowstormD landslide6、After all ,the candidate was endorsed by the governor’s board andmany of the local party members.A ignoredB rejectedC sponsoredD supported7、His expression gave temporary meaning to a set of features but itwas nondescript.A unclearB distinctiveC impliedD ambiguous8、She came home spouting off about the subjects she was taught atschool and basked in her teacher’s praise.A pridedB enjoyed C. criticized D narrated9、It was evident that the administrative officials did not believe theexcuse that he held forth for the delayed delivery.A liedB toldC emphasizedD compiled10、When frank heard that the war had started ,it didn’t sink in for along time until his father was drafted into the army.A be understoodB be acceptedC be takenD beillustratedLessson 61、another common use of the tag question is in small talk when thespeaker is trying to _____ conversation:”sure is hot here,isn’t it?”A IllicitB elicitC solicitD explicit2、napster says it is delaying the launch of its subscription serviceyet again,after running into serious problems in its talks withother firms .so here is napster’s _____ ：still not ready.A refrainB renownC restraintD retention3、The path from initial lab work on a drug to final approval of thedrug by the food &drug administration is a long and _____process.A hilariousB notoriousC industriousD laborious4、When I was a child,I always refused to write thank-you notes forbirthday presents from a faraway relative.my mother would_____ me and say,”paul ,you must learn to be polite.”A glideB slideC abideD chide5、A(a) ____ memory may be a good thing,but the ability to forget isthe true token of greatness.A attentiveB inattentiveC retentiveD irretentive6、There’s still a great deal of _____ on the weapons of massdestruction ,which despite what president bush and primeminister blair say,have not yet been found.A evidenceB skepticismC knowledgeD consensus7、Even though exercise has many positive benefits,too much can beharmful.teens who exercise_____ are at risk for both physical and psychological problems.A comparativelyB competitivelyC compulsively Dcomprehensively8、Some of the maids were quiet and affectionate.but others were____,driving the young women crazy by complaining to them allthe time.A querulousB fabulousC pretentiousD conscientious9、There is nothing more fascinating than observing citizens of manydifferent nationalities _____ and exchanging greetings in aninternational airport.A singlingB dinglingC jinglingD mingling10、When dallas police notifed the hospital that president kennedyhad been shot,at first,the young neurosurgeon thought it was a____.A blankB flankC prankD frankLesson 71、Upon hearing these critical remarks ,he was in a complete stateof bewilderment and did not know what to do next.A astonishmentB frustrationC depressionD perplexity2、For many women ,the harrowing prospect of giving evidence in arape case can be too much to bear.A promisingB embarrassingC hauntingD upsetting3、The company’s disappointing sales figures are an ominous sign ofworse thing to come.A disgracefulB disgustingC scandalousD threatening4、He said that people are too obsessed with utopian visions thatnever come,instead of thinking of the quality of life now.A promisingB unrealisticC unbelievableD unprecedented5、We eliminated the possibility that it could have been an accidentbecause it was so well timed.A elicitedB despisedC removedD elevated6、Things would never change if people weren’t prepared toexperiment with new teaching methods.A endeavorB campaignC swerveD try7、The national interest is most important than the sectional andpersonal interests of individual politicians.A segregatedB factionalC inviolableD dismantled8、Despite differences in background and outlook,their partnershipwas based on mutual respect,trust and understanding.A unilateralB reciprocalC obligatoryD optional9、Desirous of knowing something about the operations ,I stood andwatched the spectacle.A desperate forB desirable ofC detached fromD deprived of10、He spoke eloquently with the self-effacing humor that endearedhim to the American press.A elegantlyB persuasivelyC arrogantlyD expressively Lesson 91、When she arose to speak in their assemblies ,her commandingfigure and dignified manners _____ every trifler into silence.A rushedB hushedC cashedD pushed2、In many of his paintings of towns,harbors,and rivers ,marquetshowed a particular gift for simplification thatseized_____upon the essentials in the scene before him.A unexpectedlyB unavoidablyC unerringlyD unbelievably3、The old gentleman was so much immersed in business ,that hewas unable to ____ much attention upon me.A bestowB bewilderC bewareD betray4、The most famous _____ whiteface clown is felix adler,whoperformed in the early and mid-20th century.A picturesqueB uniqueC techniqueD grotesque5、By the 1st century B.C,roman power was growing and greekinfluence had begun to _____.A waneB waverC weaveD warp6、To starboard ,at hurghada,behind _____ ranks of coral reefs,laythe important marine biological station of the university of Egypt.A severeB serriedC seducedD sentimental7、At first,the downturn was confined to industries most sensitive tohigh interest rates.but ______,the loss of income in these areashad a ripple effect throughout the economy.A inexorablyB intensivelyC inevitablyD infinitely8、The puppet theater combines three elements:the puppets;thechanters who sing and ____ for the puppets;and the players ofthe three-stringed instrument.A declineB reclaimC declaimD proclaim9、This is your daily life; to me it is like a scene from a play,overwhich one sighs to see the curtain fall-all _____,all light ,allhappiness.A enchantmentB engagementC enlargementD endurance10、“it was really rural when we moved here,”says Stanley.”but thesenewcomers are _____ the rural atmosphere.”A justifyingB citifyingC ratifyingD simplifying Lesson 111、The supporters of GM foods say that it should be possible tomake foods that are less likely to trigger allergies.A preventB reduceC causeD transfer2、The relationship between men and their cars would terminate inthe event of irreparable mechanical breakdown(equivalent to thedeath of a spouse).A endB declineC failD proceed3、The combination of miscommunication ,ignored warnings andgeneral hubris virtually guaranteed disaster.A misunderstandingB misconductC angerD arrogance4、Despite an occasional glimmer of hope ,this campaign has notproduced any results.A proofB indicationC releaseD consequence5、These kids had been further insulated by their wealthy familiesfrom reality with the privilege that money could buy.A protectedB awokenC coveredD isolated6、I found myself constantly pondering the question:”how couldanyone do these things?”A arguingB answeringC coveredD isolated7、Interactive technology augments traditional methods with newand yet-to-be invented collaboration tools ranging from e-mail toweb logs to digital video to peer-to-peer systems.A communicationB entertainmentC cooperation Dimprovement8、For people who feel too intimidated or shy to ask questionsduring class,the internet creates a “safe environment”to speaktheir mind.online ,nobody knows who you are.A frightenedB frustratedC depressedD disappointed9、On this day after September 11 ,most planes were stillgrounded ;the skies were eerily quiet.A particularlyB unusuallyC mysteriouslyD pleasantly10、Considered by many archaeologists to be the first humancivilization ,sumer has yielded many huge stonecarvings .deciphered, they described”gods”who came anotherplanet in flying machines.A inspiredB interpretedC improvedD implanted Lesson 21 It is a cliché, as it is to talk of apocalypse and nightmare, but when something is beyond our experience, we reach for the points of reference we have.说到世界末日和噩梦又是老生常谈，但是当事情超出我们的经验时，我们总会寻找现有的东西作为参照。

贵州大学研究生英语阅读教程提高级第三版课后词汇及翻译答案贵州大学研究生英语阅读教程提高级第三版词汇及翻译答案Lesson 21、the story about the brothers grimm may evoke warm memoriesof story time in the comforting arms of a parent.A recallB createC releaseD collect2、one of the secrets of successful travel lies in always turningadversity to your advantage.A unfamiliarityB explorationC pleasureD difficulties3、The claws of bears may be used to climb trees, rip opennests and beehives ,or catch prey.A clearB tearC throwD dig4、The analysts are dissecting intrusions and other attacks that havebreached their computer systems.A interceptingB fightingC analyzingD discussing5、He spent whole days in his room, headphones on lest he disturbanyone.A unlessB whenC so thatD in case6、As the unemployment lines lengthened and factories closed,therewas talk of apocalypse.A emergencyB uncertaintyC disasterD reduction7、The odor of the hospital was so unforgiving that every so often shewould bring the cloud of white flowers to her nose.A unexpectedB uniqueC impressiveD terrible8、Critics argue that the lavish park itself is incongruous in a countrywhere around half the population lives below the poverty line.A inappropriateB creativeC unnecessaryD enjoyable9、Many believed optimistically the new would soothe markets ,but itseems to have had the opposite effect.A pushB misleadC calmD discourage10、 A stoical person tends to show admirable patience and endurancein the face of adversity without getting upset.A confidentB uncomplainingC unconventionalD reliable Lesson 41、During the lecture all the audience listened to china’s firstastronaut with rapt admiration.A obscureB obviousC obligedD obsessed2、Most of her c olleagues didn’t like her because she was adept atthe fine art of irritating people.A ambitiousB annoyingC skillfulD scornful3、In the schools today we need, more than ever, the trainingof defthands,quick eyes and ears ,and above all thebroader,deeper,higher culture of gifted mind and pure hearts.A skillfulB cleverC delicateD elegant4、At last the judge decided to give the custody of the child to hisfather.A supervisionB cateringC raisingD fostering5、Denver residents continued to dig out from what was called theworst blizzard in nearly a century.A catastropheB disasterC snowstormD landslide6、After all ,the candidate was endorsed by the governor’s board andmany of the local party members.A ignoredB rejectedC sponsoredD supported7、His expression gave temporary meaning to a set of features but itwas nondescript.A unclearB distinctiveC impliedD ambiguous8、She came home spouting off about the subjects she was taught atschool and basked in her teacher’s praise.A pridedB enjoyed C. criticized D narrated9、It was evident that the administrative officials did not believe theexcuse that he held forth for the delayed delivery.A liedB toldC emphasizedD compiled10、When frank heard that the war had started ,it didn’t sink in for along time until his father was drafted into the army.A be understoodB be acceptedC be takenD beillustratedLessson 61、another common use of the tag question is in small talk when thespeaker is trying to _____ conversation:”sure is hot here,isn’t it?”A IllicitB elicitC solicitD explicit2、napster says it is delaying the launch of its subscription serviceyet again,after running into serious problems in its talks with other firms .so here is napster’s _____ ：still not ready.A refrainB renownC restraintD retention3、The path from initial lab work on a drug to final approval of thedrug by the food &drug administration is a long and _____ process.A hilariousB notoriousC industriousD laborious4、When I was a child,I always refused to write thank-you notes forbirthday presents from a faraway relative.my mother would _____ me and say,”paul ,you must learn to be polite.”A glideB slideC abideD chide5、A(a) ____ memory may be a good thing,but the ability to forget isthe true token of greatness.A attentiveB inattentiveC retentiveD irretentive6、There’s still a great deal of _____ on the weapons of massdestruction ,which despite what president bush and prime minister blair say,have not yet been found.A evidenceB skepticismC knowledgeD consensus7、Even though exercise has many positive benefits,too much can beharmful.teens who exercise_____ are at risk for both physical and psychological problems.A comparativelyB competitivelyC compulsively Dcomprehensively8、Some of the maids were quiet and affectionate.but others were____,driving the young women crazy by complaining to them allthe time.A querulousB fabulousC pretentiousD conscientious9、There is nothing more fascinating than observing citizensof manydifferent nationalities _____ and exchanging greetings in an international airport.A singlingB dinglingC jinglingD mingling10、When dallas police notifed the hospital that president kennedyhad been shot,at first,the young neurosurgeon thought it was a____.A blankB flankC prankD frankLesson 71、Upon hearing these critical remarks ,he was in a complete stateof bewilderment and did not know what to do next.A astonishmentB frustrationC depressionD perplexity2、For many women ,the harrowing prospect of giving evidence in arape case can be too much to bear.A promisingB embarrassingC hauntingD upsetting3、The company’s disappointing sales figures are an ominous sign ofworse thing to come.A disgracefulB disgustingC scandalousD threatening4、He said that people are too obsessed with utopian visions thatnever come,instead of thinking of the quality of life now.A promisingB unrealisticC unbelievableD unprecedented5、We eliminated the possibility that it could have been an accidentbecause it was so well timed.A elicitedB despisedC removedD elevated6、Things would never change if people weren’t prepared toexperiment with new teaching methods.A endeavorB campaignC swerveD try7、The national interest is most important than the sectionalandpersonal interests of individual politicians.A segregatedB factionalC inviolableD dismantled8、Despite differences in background and outlook,their partnershipwas based on mutual respect,trust and understanding.A unilateralB reciprocalC obligatoryD optional9、Desirous of knowing something about the operations ,I stood andwatched the spectacle.A desperate forB desirable ofC detached fromD deprived of10、He spoke eloquently with the self-effacing humor that endearedhim to the American press.A elegantlyB persuasivelyC arrogantlyD expressively Lesson 91、When she arose to speak in their assemblies ,her commandingfigure and dignified manners _____ every trifler into silence.A rushedB hushedC cashedD pushed2、In many of his paintings of towns,harbors,and rivers ,marquetshowed a particular gift for simplification thatseized_____upon the essentials in the scene before him.A unexpectedlyB unavoidablyC unerringlyD unbelievably3、The old gentleman was so much immersed in business ,that hewas unable to ____ much attention upon me.A bestowB bewilderC bewareD betray4、The most famous _____ whiteface clown is felix adler,whoperformed in the early and mid-20th century.A picturesqueB uniqueC techniqueD grotesque5、By the 1st century B.C,roman power was growing and greekinfluence had begun to _____.A waneB waverC weaveD warp6、To starboard ,at hurghada,behind _____ ranks of coral reefs,laythe important marine biological station of the university of Egypt.A severeB serriedC seducedD sentimental7、At first,the downturn was confined to industries most sensitive tohigh interest rates.but ______,the loss of income in these areas had a ripple effect throughout the economy.A inexorablyB intensivelyC inevitablyD infinitely8、The puppet theater combines three elements:the puppets;thechanters who sing and ____ for the puppets;and the players ofthe three-stringed instrument.A declineB reclaimC declaimD proclaim9、This is your daily life; to me it is like a scene from a play,overwhich one sighs to see the curtain fall-all _____,all light ,allhappiness.A enchantmentB engagementC enlargementD endurance10、“it was really rural when we moved here,”says Stanley.”but thesenewcomers are _____ the rural atmosphere.”A justifyingB citifyingC ratifyingD simplifying Lesson 111、The supporters of GM foods say that it should be possible tomake foods that are less likely to trigger allergies.A preventB reduceC causeD transfer2、The relationship between men and their cars would terminate inthe event of irreparable mechanical breakdown(equivalent to thedeath of a spouse).A endB declineC failD proceed3、The combination of miscommunication ,ignored warnings andgeneral hubris virtually guaranteed disaster.A misunderstandingB misconductC angerD arrogance4、Despite an occasional glimmer of hope ,this campaign has notproduced any results.A proofB indicationC releaseD consequence5、These kids had been further insulated by their wealthy familiesfrom reality with the privilege that money could buy.A protectedB awokenC coveredD isolated6、I found myself constantly pondering the question:”how couldanyone do these things?”A arguingB answeringC coveredD isolated7、Interactive technology augments traditional methods with newand yet-to-be invented collaboration tools ranging from e-mail toweb logs to digital video to peer-to-peer systems.A communicationB entertainmentC cooperation Dimprovement8、For people who feel too intimidated or shy to ask questionsduring class,the internet creates a “safe environment”to speaktheir mind.online ,nobody knows who you are.A frightenedB frustratedC depressedD disappointed9、On this day after September 11 ,most planes were stillgrounded ;the skies were eerily quiet.A particularlyB unusuallyC mysteriouslyD pleasantly10、Considered by many archaeologists to be the first humancivilization ,sumer has yielded many huge stonecarvings .deciphered, they described”gods”who came anotherplanet in flying machines.A inspiredB interpretedC improvedD implanted Lesson 21 It is a cliché, as it is to talk of apocalypse and nightmare, but when something is beyond our experience, we reach for the points of reference we have.说到世界末日和噩梦又是老生常谈，但是当事情超出我们的经验时，我们总会寻找现有的东西作为参照。

研究生英语阅读教程（提高级）第三版课文全文参考译文第一课漏油经济：低估风险回想起来，模式似乎很清楚。

早在深水地平线钻机自爆前的很多年，BP 作为一家石油公司为了省钱甘冒安全的风险就已经声名狼藉。

2005 年得克萨斯州炼油厂爆炸中有15 名工人丧生。

联邦监管机构和前国务卿詹姆斯·贝克领导的专门小组认为，削减成本是事故的部分原因。

第二年，阿拉斯加腐蚀的管道将石油漏入普拉德霍湾。

就连乔·巴顿，对全球变暖持怀疑态度，来自得克萨斯州的共和党众议员，都谴责BP 管理人员“对安全和环境问题表现得漠不关心。

”这种冷漠大部分源于对利润的过度追求，不管出现什么情况。

但似乎也还有另一个因素在起作用，一个更普遍的人性的因素。

BP 的管理人员在估计似乎不太可能发生、但一旦发生却会带来巨大损失的事件真正会发生的机会时，犯了一个可怕的错误。

也许理解这一点最简单的方法就是思考一下BP 高管们如今的想法。

显然，考虑到清理费用和对BP 声誉的影响，高管们真希望可以回到过去，多花些钱让深水地平线更安全。

他们没有增加这笔费用就表明他们认为钻机在当时的状态下不会出问题。

尽管针对BP 高管的所有批评可能都是他们应得的，但是他们绝不是唯一艰难应对这种低概率、高成本事件的人。

几乎每个人都会如此。

“这些正是我们人类处理时很难做出合理反应的一类事件。

”哈佛大学环境经济学家罗伯特·斯塔文说。

我们经常犯两种基本且性质相反的错误。

当一件事情是很难想象的，我们往往会低估它的可能性。

这就是众所周知的黑天鹅（稀有之物）。

大多数在深水地平线工作的人可能从未经历过钻井平台爆炸。

因此他们认为这不会发生，至少不会发生在他们身上。

同样，不久以前，伯南克和格林斯潘也喜欢称全国房地产市场没有泡沫，因为以前从未有过泡沫。

华尔街交易员也持同样观点，他们建立的数学模型根本不存在房价下降的可能性。

许多购房者签订了负担不起的抵押贷款，相信一旦其价格上涨，他们可以再融资或卖掉房子。

Lesson 11.昨日发生的恐怖主义活动使美国人的生活暗淡无光，在他们的生活中留下了印迹，并永远地改变了他们的生活。

2.佛罗里达州立大学创伤心理学教授查尔斯·费格里说：“我们得学一学其它许多国家曾经经历过的东西，那就是从文化上和在全国范围内来应对恐惧。

”他还说：“我们正在体验恐惧是怎样起作用的。

”3.美国是一个一向以开放自豪甚至洋洋得意的国家，在这里，人们可以独自在美国国会大楼里闲庭信步，而现在，恐怖袭击很有可能迫使美国人处处小心，惶惶不可终日。

其实我们很大程度上已经是这样了。

许多政府大楼的前门装设的金属探测器已然成为一道风景线，大部分的办公大楼里也必备保安。

4.报复有很大的危险，会引发和在中东及北爱尔兰一样的紧张的暴力和反暴力的恶性攀升。

与那些不得不在暴力中学习如何生存的国家不同，“我们是新手”曾在南斯拉夫训练过创伤急救队的项目负责人费格里博士说：“我所担心的是惩罚，报复，种族主义和排斥少数民族的举动会过于偏激，适得其反。

”5.对于恐怖主义的恐惧会使美国人接受比现在更多的来自政府的监控，例如在运动竞赛场上高架的摄象机。

哈佛大学法学院教授威廉姆斯·斯汤资说：“经过目前这些事件，我们将发现，无论是公众’还是法庭，都会在更大程度上接受某些警察的策略。

”Lesson 51.戴维先到一步，事后他气愤地向我发难说当他告诉领班准备和谁一起吃饭时，领班的语气骤然逆转。

一瞬间就从“这是个什么人？”变成“这边有请，先生。

”当我们赶到时，拍照的人已经在饭店外忙个不停了。

戴维开始嘲笑我是伦敦这家高级饭店里的知名人物。

这时，我俩向屋内望去并同时看到了我们的偶像。

2.我的生活中——与维多利亚一起的生活中——一件美好的事情就是有时那些让我在见面之前紧张不安，在见面时张口结舌的人，最终却成为我的朋友。

3.他们非常慷慨：我在意大利见到埃尔顿的那个下午，几乎他所做的第一件事就是把他们在法国南部的住处提供给维多利亚和我以便我们一旦需要远离烦乱的生活时有个落脚的地方。

Unit1在美国人们庆祝母亲节与父亲节，然而父母亲所受到的礼物却是不尽相同的，这篇文章研究这个问题的原因。

我们必须正视这么一个事实，丝绸领带伤害了感情。

（人们在表达感情是受到某种约束）尽管上个周末父亲节使这个五月充满了150万张纪念卡和多得使线路堵塞的长途电话，但是父亲们都明白，父亲节也是收到对方付费电话和收到引以为傲最新款领带最多的一天。

虽然老爸们不介意父亲节母亲节的差异，但是这却反映了父母亲在子女成长中的所扮演的各自不同角色。

Scott Coltrane说道，父亲节半正式的礼物说明了我们对父亲情感的矛盾的文化。

Wellford,s,c感情丰富，但是他承认在父亲节上他很难将他的感情完全地表达出来。

随着年龄的增长，他对父亲越来越有距离感，看他更像个英雄。

作为成年人他说，我对他的情感越来越深，但是我仍然会送他幽默卡和一些实用的礼物。

随着时间的改变，对父亲的态度也随之发生改变。

例如，Mr.Bridges他自己就一个已经需要照顾三个孩子的父亲。

Mr.Bridges说道：“我整年里每天都是父亲节”他并不介意这个周末他得到什么。

他经常将信藏在他孩子的背包里，告诉他们他已他们为骄傲。

最近，他的小儿子将写着“我爱你，老爸”的课堂作业藏在了他的公文包里，以作为得到赞许的回应。

Mr.Bridges说:“那比买卡片好多了”。

象Mr.Bridges这样的男人，在孩子生活中起如此积极作用，在万神殿里，父亲节的地位应该得到提升。

Ralph LaRossa《现代父权》的作者，细致地将父权文化与父权行为进行了比较。

但是，也有人说，美国人庆祝父权已经与今天的老爸们并驾齐驱了。

Frederic Brunel说：“性别角色与性别行为是随着时间的改变而改变的”。

这里有许多可能已经正在发生的标志。

例如，沃尔玛商品的特点，很少因老爸对尿片的糊涂而改变，而更多的是直面情感。

Bella Sant减肥浴场，推出了一种无微不至的项目包括修指甲和美容；以及提供令人安神的喷泉疗养和欧洲香皂。

LESSON 11.因为英语是个杀手,正是英语造成了坎伯兰语,康沃尔语,诺恩语和马恩语等语言的消亡.在这些岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言.然而,英语在日常生活中无处不在.所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语.英语对现存的凯尔特语:爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，它们的未来岌岌可危。

2.同时，他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视（和种族歧、,性别歧视的情况类似"）的偏见密切相关。

在菲利普森看来，在以白人英语为主导的世界，最重要的机构和个人（有意或无意地）鼓励或者至少是容忍了（肯定没有反对）英语霸权主义式的传播。

这种传播始于三个世纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。

3.总的来说，我们现在或多或少地把这些语言看作有利的语言。

在谈到与之相关的文化及其为世界所做的贡献时，我们常怀有崇敬与赞赏，而且这样做也没有太大的风险，因为这些语言现在已不会构成什么威胁。

4.然而，许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。

在此，我暂且不谈任何世界语言所具有的明显优势，例如广泛的通信网，强大的文化传媒体系，及强有力的文化教育机构。

5.讲英语的南非英国后裔并不强烈反对种族隔离政权，而黑人反对力量，其成员讲多种语言，在初期软弱无力且缺乏组织。

6.这一象征表明这种世界通用语的使用者应充分发掘这一幸事为我们带来的好处，同时尽可能避免招来灾难。

LESSON 21.年初布什总统签署了一项《不让一个孩子落后》的重大法案,誓言要把“困在那些教学质量不佳又不进行改革的学校里的孩子”解救出来.2007 年7月1日美国教育部宣布有8652所学校被列为“长期教学质量低下”的学校,现在这些学校中的学生必须在今后的几天内考虑决定他们是否要转学, 同时各个学区也在忙着为符合转学条件的学生提供帮助和服务以抓住选择的机会。

２.对于那些在教学改革旋涡中挣扎的学校的校长、老师和学生来说，这一法案的直接后果则是迷惑与混乱。

他们认为该法案制订的教学改革标准太高而又没有说明各学区如何达到这些标准。

Unit 1Text A 如何变“末流”为“一流”：哈佛对捐赠大户的回报1 初春的一个夜晚，暖意融融。

一群公司执行官、律师、石油巨子、理财经纪人、身价不菲的咨询师以及巨额财产继承人，悄然走出查尔斯宾馆和哈佛饭店的套房。

这些商界显要，男的个个头发花白，身着灰色西装──有的拄着手杖，有的则由于长期在哈佛运动队或网球队锻炼，一副运动员身材，充满活力、脸色红润；女的戴着丝巾，身穿苗条的黑色长裤，但其中几乎没有一张黑人和拉美人的面孔，他们穿过一道普通的门，走进安尼博格餐厅。

此次聚会，校内没有通报，媒体也不得报道。

２平常简朴的新生餐厅今天用连翘花和郁金香装点一新，客人们品尝着鸡尾酒、葡萄酒和牛柳、蟹黄蛋糕、芦笋尖等开胃小菜，享受着时任哈佛校长劳伦斯·撒莫斯的殷勤。

有几位客人谈论着海斯特布丁俱乐部最近的那场演出，这个俱乐部是一个学生戏剧协会，每年春天都要上演一场音乐滑稽戏，由哈佛的男生男扮女装参加表演。

３过了一会儿，布置在二楼阳台的哈佛乐队开始演奏“万名哈佛人”，客人们各自入席，烛光晚宴开始。

酒足饭饱之后，客人们兴高采烈，对撒莫斯校长的餐后致词报以阵阵掌声。

唯一例外的是，撒莫斯校长简要介绍学校计划扩大低收入家庭子女的招生，为年收入低于四万美元家庭的子女上哈佛提供免费教育，此时，校长似乎在等待在场贵宾们赞许的掌声，但竟然没有掌声。

我分析，这种令人尴尬的沉默传递了一个信号，甚至可称为威胁：你要是扩大招收低收入家庭的子女而将我们这些人的孩子拒之门外，我们就会停止数以百万计的捐款。

４4月8日的这顿晚宴，拉开了哈佛大学学校资源委员会（COUR）2005年年会的序幕。

该委员会或许是高等学校里一个最具财力的顾问团，但鲜为人知，媒体亦少有提及。

实际上COUR不是一般意义上的委员会──它并不正式制定学校政策或发表正式意见──但撒莫斯同其他任何一任哈佛校长一样，离不开COUR的支持。

该委员会成员均为哈佛最大的捐赠人，他们捐赠的资金构成哈佛2005财政年度255亿捐款的主要部分，使得哈佛成为美国高校中收到捐款最多的学校，比位居第二的耶鲁大学高出100亿美元。