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译林版必修第一册Unit3单元语法--关系代词引导的限制性定语从句语法精析在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有when，where，why。
一、关系代词的用法1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
The person who tricked me was one of my classmates.骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。
He is the man who I respect very much.他就是我非常尊重的那个人。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。
The old man (whom) the girl had tricked was my grandfather.女孩欺骗的那位老人是我的爷爷。
[温馨提示](1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who/that来代替。
The boy (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday was John’s brother.昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。
(2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who。
He is a man from whom we are all ready to learn.他是我们大家都准备向他学习的人。
3．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.她曾经获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。
4．that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。
9B Unit3Welcome解whatever:pron.任何，全部事物whatever用作，“全部，任何事物”，常用来引名性从句。
所引的从句做主，要用数形式。
例：whatevershedidwasright. 她所做的事情都是的。
要点句子解I’mcomplainingaboutyoutotherobotshop.我正在向机器人商铺投你。
Complain：，“诉苦，苦”plainabout/of: 诉苦例句：thedriverscomplainedaboutthebadroad. 司机诉苦道路走。
plainthat⋯...诉苦例句：thestudentscomplainedthatthefoodwastoobad. 学生诉苦食品太差。
向某人诉苦：complaintosb.名形式：complaint例：Healways_______(诉苦)tomeabouthishardworkinthepast.postthisforme.替我把个寄了。
Post在本句中是，“寄，”。
寄某人某物：Postsb.sth=poststhtosb.替某人寄某物：poststhforsb.例句：Ipostedhimaletteryesterday=Ipostedalettertohimyesterday.名：“位，件”Bypost:“通件（种方式）”例句：Isendthegiftbypost. 我寄了礼品。
putout:熄，关灯例句:sheputoutthelightsandthenwentout. 她关了灯，就出去了。
Putthrough:接通例句：canyouputmethroughtotheEnglishdepartment? 你能帮我接通英系？Puton:穿上，戴上：theoldmanforgottoputonthehatwhenhewentout.老人出去忘戴帽子了。
把。
放上去：heputthecoffeecuponthetable.他把咖啡杯放在桌子上。
【英语教案】Unit3Grammar教案一、教学目标1、学生能够理解并掌握本单元的重点语法结构，如一般现在时、现在进行时和一般过去时的用法。
2、能够正确运用这些语法结构进行书面和口头表达，提高语言运用的准确性。
3、通过语法学习，培养学生的语言逻辑思维和分析能力。
二、教学重难点1、重点一般现在时的第三人称单数形式及在不同语境中的运用。
现在进行时的构成和用法，特别是动词现在分词的变化规则。
一般过去时的构成和常见时间状语的搭配。
2、难点区分一般现在时和现在进行时的使用场景。
掌握不规则动词的过去式形式。
三、教学方法1、讲授法：系统讲解语法规则和要点。
2、练习法：通过课堂练习和课后作业巩固所学知识。
3、情景教学法：创设真实的语言情景，让学生在情境中体会和运用语法。
四、教学过程1、导入（5 分钟）通过播放一段简短的英语视频或展示一组图片，引导学生观察并描述其中的动作和状态，引出本节课的语法主题。
2、一般现在时（20 分钟）讲解一般现在时的定义、构成和用法。
强调主语是第三人称单数时动词的变化规则。
举例说明，如：He likes music She studies hard给出一些句子，让学生判断是否为一般现在时，并说明原因。
3、现在进行时（20 分钟）解释现在进行时的构成“be ＋动词的现在分词”，详细讲解动词现在分词的变化规则。
举例：I am reading a book They are playing football设计情景，让学生用现在进行时进行对话练习。
4、一般过去时（20 分钟）介绍一般过去时的概念、构成和常见的时间状语，如 yesterday, last week 等。
展示一些句子，让学生找出一般过去时的动词形式，并说出其过去式。
安排小组活动，让学生分享自己过去的经历，使用一般过去时进行表述。
5、对比与总结（10 分钟）将一般现在时、现在进行时和一般过去时进行对比，分析它们在时间表达和动作状态上的差异。
Unit 3 Robots 课时 3 Grammar影目标导航重点词组」I. own a robot 2.consider the robot a great help in my daily life 3.go on a business trip4. have a serious heart problem5.have to take medicine every day6.have a poor memory7.remind you to take pills at the right time8.feel lonely9.lock the door lO.Go up and down thestairs o 11 ,have a better sleep 重点句型1. He saw that the robot was making breakfast. He saw the robot making breakfast.2. He (bund that his flat was in a complete mess.He found his flat in a complete mess.3. The robot no longer knew when it should cook breakfast.The robot no longer knew when to cook breakfast.4. Mr Jiang did not know what he should do with the robot.Mr Jiang did not know what to do with the robot.5. Mr Jiang is always so busy that he does not have any time for hobbies. Mr john is always too busy to have any time tbr hobbies.6. The robot is so smart that it can do a lot of things. The robot is smart enough to do a lot of things.7. Mr Jiang plans to buy a robot so that he can have more free time.Mr Jiang plans to buy a robot in order to have more free (ime<>♦知识点睛©consider ...as 把…看做 常用被动结构be considered as...? “被认为/看做”？Purple is considered as the noblest color.紫色被认为是最高贵的颜色。
9AU3Grammar一、宾语从句连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which和连接副词when, where, how, why等引导的宾语从句中，连接代词与连接副词有具体词义，并且在宾语从句中充当句子成分。
在从句中，连接代词多作宾语、主语和定语，连接副词多作状语。
[巩固练习]改为含有宾语从句的复合句1.Is Susan interested in protecting animals? I'm wondering.I'm wondering ________ Susan ________ ________ in protecting animals.2. Do you have a toy car? Jack asked his brother.Jack asked his brother ________ he ________ a toy car.3．“Why did Jim send flowers to Ms Grey？” he wondered.He wondered why ________ ________ flowers to Ms Grey.4．“Who is responsible for the food safety problem？” asked the reporter.The reporter asked ________ ________ responsible for the food safety problem.答案：1.if/whether; is interested 2. if/whether; had3．Jim sent 4.who was[经典例题]1.—I wonder________．—Someone who can make me a better person.A．when you often meet your friendsB．how you make your friends happyC．who you want to make friends withD．where you spend weekends with friends2.I never doubt ________________________.A. that Gulliver in Lilliput is worth readingB. whether Gulliver in Lilliput is worth readingC. if Gulliver in Lilliput is worth reading itD. that Gulliver in Lilliput is worth being reading3.Tom asks _______ after he finishes his project.A. whether can he go to the cinemaB.whether he can go to the cinemaC. that he can go to the cinemaD.that can he go to the cinema4.—Have you ever seen the film The taking of Tiger Mountain?—Yes. And I believe ________ it was the best film in 2014.A.thatB. whatC. howD. if5.—Excuse me, I wonder _______ the plane can land on time.—Wait a minute, please. Let me check it out.A.ifB. whichC. thatD. who答案：CABAA6.This morning my mother asked me ________.A.why he is not hereB. where Julia went last weekendC.what time it isD. how did my brother do it7.-What did Max just say to you?-He asked me_____________.A.If I would like to go skatingB.when did I buy this CDC.where I will spend the weekendD.that I had a good time8.--Bob,please tell me ___________. --In south Hill School.A.where will the match be heldB.where the match will be heldC.when will the match be heldD.when the match will be held9.I know he's been curious about everything, but that's__________. Be patient!A. what do kids likeB. what kids likeC. what are kids likeD. what kids are like10.-Peter, is there anything else you want to know about colours?- Yes, I am still wondering_______ .A.why do strong colours make people take action easilyB.that there is a relationship between colours and moods’C.whether colours can change our moods and improve our lifeD.what do different colours represent and how do they influence us答案：BABDC11.—Can you tell me________yesterday?—It was given by Mrs King.A. whom the speech was givenB. whom gave the speechC. who gave the speechD. who the speech gave by12.—We are in trouble now. I have no idea .—Neither do I. We have to ask for help.A. how can the problem be solvedB. how the problem can be solvedD. how the problem can solve13.—Could you please tell me________?—Sorry,I’m new here.A.where the airport wasB.where was the airportC.where the airport isD.where is the airport14.They have no idea at all_________or not.A. if has he gone to BeijingB.whether has he gone to BeijingC.if he has gone to BeijingD.whether he has gone to Beijing15.Could you tell me ________ a meeting in Guangzhou next week?A. if there was going to beB. if there is going to beC. whether is there going to beD. whether there is going to have 答案：CBCDB二、表示建议的句型1.Shall I(we) do...?2.Let’s do...3.How/What about doing...?4.Why not/Why don’t you do...?[经典例题]1.—Do you really think wearing yellow can bring good luck?—Well, I am not sure. But________ have a try?A. why don’tB. why not youC. what aboutD. why not2.—Could you tell me some information about the hotels in your country?—Why not________on the Internet?A.look for itB.to look for itC.to look it upD.look it up3._______ give up smoking.A. Shall weB. Why don’t youC. What aboutD. Perhaps you should4.It’s too hot. How about______ swimming this afternoon?A. goB. to goC. goingD. goes5.—Mum, I've caught a bad cold. I'm not feeling well.—________ take this medicine, dear? It will make you feel better.A．Shall we B．Why notC．Let's D．Why don't答案：DDDCB【知识梳理1】I need silence when I'm studying. (P40)当我学习时我需要安静。
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的基本构成及重点用法；本节课的内容。
1. 疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是引导词，这时疑问词不可省略，而且宾语从句要用陈述语序，即＂疑问词+主语+谓语+其他＂。
►I wonder what I should do next. 我想知道下一步我该做什么。
【警示】宾语从句的标点要根据主句的句子类型来确定。
当主句是陈述句时，句末通常用句点；当主句是疑问句时，句末通常用问号。
2. 含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句。
（1）若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成＂疑问词+动词不定式＂的复合结构。
►I don’t know how I should do it next.=I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道下一步应该怎样做。
（2）当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch等时，其后的that从句常简化为＂宾语+动词原形/动词-ing形式＂。
►I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now. I saw some boys playing basketball on the playground just now.刚才我看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。
（3）当主句的谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等，且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，其后以that引导的宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。
►He agreed that he could help me with my English. He agreed to help me with my English.宾语从句除由引导词that，if/whether引导外还可由what，which，whom，when等引导。
Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？知识点01 连接词的含义及功能【语法详解】当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。
连接代词who,whom，whose,which，what和连接副词where, how, why, when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中做一定成分。
词类词汇中文含义在句中的功能who谁（主格）whom谁（宾格）whose谁的（所有格）what什么连接代词which哪个除在句中起连接作用外，还在宾语从句中做主语、宾语、定语或表语。
when什么时候where什么地方；哪里how怎样；如何连接副词why为什么，...的原因除在句中起连接作用外，还在宾语从句中做状语，不能省略。
Do you know who will come this afternoon?（who在宾语从句中做主语）She asked whose hair band that was.（whose在宾语从句中做定语)I want to know when the plane will take off.（when在宾语从句中做状语）Did you hear what she said?（what在宾语从句中做宾语）Please explain why you were late for class again.（why在宾语从句中做状语)【注意】how与某些形容词或副词构成的词组也可以引导宾语从句，主要有how old, how many, how much, how long, how often, how far等。
He didn't tell me how long he would stay there.【即学即练】1．She was so angry at ______he was doing ______she walked out without a word.A．what; that B．that ; what C．what ; what D．that ; that【答案】A【详解】句意：她对他所做的事非常生气，一句话也没说就走了出去。
模块九Unit 3 Grammar 单词扩充seed n.种子, 萌芽, 原由, 根据, 子孙, 精液vt.播种, 结实, 成熟, 去...籽vi.结实, 播种a top seed头号种子选手seed corn; seed wheat种用玉米；麦种seed clouds人工降雨sow the seed in the spring春播sow the seed in the ground播种下地go/run to seed 结籽：进入结籽阶段；衰老：变得虚弱或无力；退化：The old neighborhood has gone to seed.老邻居们都去了活力She planted the seeds of virtue in her children when they were young.孩子们小的时侯, 她就在他们心田里播下了道德的种子。
seedless adj.无核的seedless watermelons无籽西瓜Fresh seedless grapes are delicious. 新鲜的没有核的葡萄味道非常鲜美。
It is a seedless type orange.这是一种无核橘observer n.观测者, 观察员, 遵守者an observer of local customs; observers of religious holidays.当地习俗的遵守者；宗教节日的观察者Facebook joined in May but only as an observer. 五月脸书也加入其中，但仅作为观察员disappointing adj.使人失望的, 令人失望的The speech was most disappointing, It's skirted round all the main questions. 这篇演讲非常令人失望, 它回避了所有主要的问题.bound n.跃进, 跳, 范围, 限度adj.正要启程的, 开往...去的, 被束缚的, 装订的v.跳跃, 限制Our joy knew no bounds. 我们快乐无比。
Unit 3 Grammar【学习目标】1.能记住并能正确运用本节课词汇pill, unsure, forgetful, stair。
2.能说出把宾语从句转化成“宾语+宾补”或“疑问词+不定式”结构的方式。
3.能说出如何把目的状语从句和结果状语从句转化成简单句。
【预习导学】一、词汇记忆1.不确定2.健忘的3.所有种类的4.照顾5.服药6.提醒某人做某事7.保重8.如此……以至于……9.为了(做)10.足够善良二、根据汉语意思完成句子1.他看到机器人正在做早饭。
He saw the robot breakfast.2.我感觉跟机器人一起生活挺舒服的。
I feel it fortable with a robot.3.我不知道在哪能找到我的夹克衫。
I don't know where my jacket.4.为了有更多的空闲时间,蒋先生计划买一个机器人。
Mr Jiang plans to buy a robot have more free time.三、想一想。
写出几个宾语从句和状语从句1.I find that______________________________________________________________2.I consider that______________________________________________________________3.Mr Jiang doesn't know______________________________________________________________4.The boy is so talented that______________________________________________________________【答案】一、词汇记忆1.unsure2.forgetful3.all kinds of4.look after5.take medicine6.remind sb. to do sth.7.take care8.so...that...9.in order to10.kind enough二、根据汉语意思完成句子1.making2.to live3.to find4.in order to三、想一想。
