INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL TERMS
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incoterm名词解释
Incoterms是国际贸易中常用的术语,全称为“国际贸易术语解释通则”(International Commercial Terms),通常简称为“国际贸易术语”或“国际贸易条款”。
Incoterms是商业合同中用于规定卖方和买方责任及义务的术语。
Incoterms规定了货物的交付方式、卖方和买方的责任和义务、保险和运费的支付等方面的内容。
Incoterms的使用对于国际贸易双方的合作非常重要,可以避免翻译不当、语言差异等导致的误解和纠纷。
Incoterms现在已被广泛使用,其中最新版本为2010版,共定义了11种交货条件。
其中最常见的几种包括:EXW、FOB、CIF、DDP等。
EXW(Ex Works)指卖方仅负责将货物放置于指定的地点,买方需负责所有运输、保险和海关清关手续等。
FOB(Free On Board)指卖方负责将货物交至指定的装载港口,并负责办理出口报关手续。
买方需要负责运输、保险和海关清关手续等。
CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)指卖方负责将货物交至指定的目的港口,并承担运费和保险费。
买方需要负责海关清关手续等。
DDP(Delivered Duty Paid)指卖方负责将货物交至指定的目的地,包括所有费用和义务,买方只需要接收货物即可。
了解和正确应用Incoterms对于国际贸易合作非常重要,可以最大限度地保护双方的利益,避免不必要的纠纷和争议。
incoterm2024贸易术语Incoterms,全称为International Commercial Terms,即国际商务条款,是国际贸易领域中用于规范买卖双方在交货、运费分摊和责任承担等方面的国际惯例,是国际贸易中最为常用的贸易术语标准。
自1936年首次出现以来,已经更新了多次,2020年版为最新版,下一次更新预计将于2024年。
本文将介绍Incoterms 2024贸易术语的主要内容和变化。
一、Incoterms 2024的主要内容1.交货地点:Incoterms 2024仍将规定详细的交货地点,包括FOB(装运港)和CIF(目的港),以及指定陆运的术语如DAT和DAP 等。
交货地点的概念在新版中将得到更为清晰的解释和界定。
2.贸易条件:2024年版将继续规定买卖双方在货物交付、运费支付、保险购买和责任承担等方面的权利和义务,以适应不同的交货条件和运输方式。
贸易条件的具体内容将根据实际情况进行更新和修订。
3.运输方式:Incoterms 2024将继续覆盖不同的运输方式,包括海运、空运、铁路和汽车等,以保证适用于不同的国际贸易情况。
针对不同的运输方式,将制定相应的贸易条款和规定。
4.中小企业指南:对于中小企业的贸易需求,Incoterms 2024将提供更为详细和实用的指南,以帮助他们更好地理解和运用贸易术语,规避风险、降低成本,提升国际竞争力。
5.电子商务:随着电子商务的快速发展,2024年版将对电子商务领域的贸易术语进行更新和完善,以适应这一新兴的贸易模式。
针对跨境电商的特点和需求,将提供相应的贸易条款和指导。
二、Incoterms 2024的变化和新特点1.新增贸易条款:在2024年版中,可能会新增一些专门针对中小企业和电子商务的贸易条款,以适应不同类型的国际贸易需求。
这些贸易条款可能会更加灵活,并对特定情况提供具体的引导和建议。
2.更新部分贸易条款:对于一些过时或过于复杂的贸易条款,2024年版将对其进行更新和简化,以提高实用性和适用性。
国际贸易术语大全一、出口术语1. EXW(Ex Works:卖方工厂交货)EXW是指卖方只需将货物准备妥当并提供给买方,不负责安排运输和报关手续等,买方需要自行承担这些费用和风险。
这种术语适用于买方具备自主进口能力和资源的情况。
2. FCA(Free Carrier:卖方交货)FCA是指卖方将货物交给指定的承运人或者由买方安排的承运人,卖方负责准备符合出口要求的货物,并将货物交承运人,买方需要承担货物的风险和费用,包括运输费用、保险费用和报关手续等。
3. FOB(Free On Board:船上交货)FOB是指卖方将货物交给指定的装运港口,并在货物装上船时,卖方完成交货。
买方需要负责运输和保险费用,以及从装运港口到目的港口的海上运费和相关费用。
4. CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight:成本加保险加运费)CIF是指卖方在FOB的基础上,承担将货物运输到指定的目的港口并购买保险的责任。
卖方需支付货物的成本、保险费用和运费,但买方仍需承担货物抵达目的港口后的进口手续、清关费用和税务等。
5. DAP(Delivered at Place:目的地交货)DAP是指卖方承担将货物发送至买方指定的目的地的责任,并支付货物的成本、运费和相关费用。
买方需要负责报关手续、支付进口税款等。
二、进口术语1. CFR(Cost and Freight:成本加运费)CFR是指卖方负责将货物运输到指定的目的港口,并支付运费,但不包括购买保险的费用。
买方需要自行负责购买保险、支付进口税款以及清关手续等费用。
2. CPT(Carriage Paid To:运费付至)CPT是指卖方将货物交给指定的承运人,并支付货物运输至指定地点的费用,除此之外买方需要承担其他费用和风险。
3. CIP(Carriage and Insurance Paid To:运费加保险费付至)CIP是指卖方在CPT的基础上,购买保险并支付保险费用。
国际商会国际贸易条件解释国际商会(ICC)是一个致力于促进国际贸易合作和商业发展的国际组织。
为了规范全球贸易活动,ICC制定了一系列的国际贸易条件,以确保各方在国际贸易中拥有公平和可预测的权益。
本文将对国际商会国际贸易条件进行解释和介绍。
一、什么是国际商会国际贸易条件?国际商会国际贸易条件,又称为Incoterms(International Commercial Terms),是由国际商会制定的,用于定义买卖双方在国际贸易中的责任和义务的一套标准化规则。
该条款主要规定了货物的交付方式、买卖双方的责任和风险转移的时间点。
国际商会国际贸易条件通常以三个字母的缩写形式出现,如FOB、CIF、EXW等。
每个缩写对应不同的交易方式和责任分配,买卖双方在签署合同时可以根据具体情况选择适合的国际贸易条件。
二、国际商会国际贸易条件的作用和意义1. 促进国际贸易发展国际商会国际贸易条件的制定,为全球贸易提供了一种统一的标准,简化了贸易操作流程,减少了交易中的不确定性和风险,提高了贸易效率。
这对于促进国际贸易的发展和推动全球经济的增长具有重要意义。
2. 明确买卖双方的权益和责任通过国际商会国际贸易条件,买卖双方可以清楚地了解自己在贸易中的权益和责任。
这些条件规定了货物的交付方式、支付方式、风险转移的时间点等重要内容,确保了贸易双方的权益得到保护,减少了因信息不对称而产生的纠纷。
3. 减少纠纷和争议国际商会国际贸易条件的使用使得贸易合同更加明确和规范。
买卖双方在签署合同时可以选择适合的贸易条件,明确各自的责任和义务,有助于减少合同纠纷和争议的发生。
而且,国际商会国际贸易条件在全球范围内广泛使用,可以减少由于不同国家法律和商业习惯造成的误解和冲突。
三、常见的国际商会国际贸易条件1. FOB(离岸价)FOB是最常用的国际贸易条件之一。
在FOB条件下,卖方负责将货物交付给指定的装运港口,包括所有费用和风险直至货物通过船舶舷梯或浮桥进入船舱为止。
INCOTERMS 2010 2010年国际贸易术语解释通则INCOTERMS AND THE EXPORTER 国际贸易术语和出口商International Commercial Terms, known as “Incoterms”, are internationally accepted terms defining the responsibilities of exporters and importers in the arrangement of shipments and the transfer of liability involved at various stages of the transaction. Incoterms do not cover ownership or the transfer of title of goods. It is crucial to agree on an Incoterm at the start ofa negotiation/quotation of a sale, as it will affect the costs and responsibilities involved inshipping, insurance and tariffs. The new Incoterms 2010 rules were revised by theInternational Chamber of Commerce and will become effective January 1, 2011. Four terms were eliminated (DAF, DEQ, DES, DDU) and two were added: Delivered at Place (DAP) and Delivered at Terminal (DAT).国际贸易术语作为“国际贸易术语解释通则”,已经被国际公认。
incoterms2010和2020总结-回复Incoterms (International Commercial Terms) are a set of standardized international trade rules that define the rights and obligations of buyers and sellers in international transactions. The terms were first introduced by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in 1936, and have since undergone revisions. The most recent version, Incoterms 2020, was released in January 2020. In this article, we will provide a detailed comparison of Incoterms 2010 and Incoterms 2020, highlighting the key changes and improvements introduced in the latest version.1. Incoterms 2010: An OverviewIncoterms 2010 consisted of 11 terms, grouped into two main categories: "any mode or modes of transport" and "sea and inland waterway transport." The terms included EXW (Ex Works), FCA (Free Carrier), CPT (Carriage Paid To), CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To), DAT (Delivered at Terminal), DAP (Delivered at Place), DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), FAS (Free Alongside Ship), FOB (Free on Board), CFR (Cost and Freight), and CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight).2. Incoterms 2020: What's New?Incoterms 2020 brought some significant changes and improvements compared to the previous version. The key changes include the introduction of a new Incoterm, revised terminal handling charges, and updated insurance coverage requirements.3. Introduction of the New Incoterm: DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded)One of the notable additions in Incoterms 2020 is the introduction of a new term called DPU. DPU replaces the previous term DAT (Delivered at Terminal) and expands its applicability to any place, not just terminals. It allows the seller to deliver the goods at any named place the buyer designates, whether it is a terminal, warehouse, or any other agreed-upon location.4. Revised Terminal Handling ChargesIn Incoterms 2010, terminal handling charges were often not clearly defined, leading to confusion and disputes. Incoterms 2020 addresses this issue by providing more guidance on the allocation of terminal handling charges. Specifically, it states that if the buyer is responsible for unloading the goods at the destination, they are also responsible for terminal handling charges. If the seller is responsible for unloading, they should include the costs ofterminal handling charges in their price.5. Updated Insurance RequirementsIncoterms 2020 also clarified the insurance coverage requirements for two terms: CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) and CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To). Under CIF, the seller is now required to provide insurance coverage in accordance with Institute Cargo Clauses (A) or similar clauses. Similarly, under CIP, the seller must provide insurance coverage in accordance with Institute Cargo Clauses (A) or similar clauses. These changes aim to ensure that the level of insurance coverage matches the risks associated with the respective Incoterms.6. Enhanced Security ObligationsIncoterms 2020 introduced enhanced security obligations to address the growing concerns regarding security-related risks in international trade. The new clause requires the parties to cooperate in providing the necessary information to comply with security-related requirements, such as providing accurate and timely information for customs purposes.7. Additional Guidance and Explanatory NotesIncoterms 2020 includes additional guidance and explanatory notes to help users better understand and apply the terms. This includes detailed instructions on the allocation of costs, responsibilities, and risks between the buyer and seller at each stage of the transaction.In summary, Incoterms 2020 brought several important changes and improvements compared to Incoterms 2010. The introduction of the new term DPU expands the options for delivery locations, while the revised guidelines on terminal handling charges provide more clarity and reduce disputes. The updated insurance requirements ensure appropriate coverage for risks, and the enhanced security obligations address security-related concerns. With these changes, Incoterms 2020 aims to facilitate smoother and more efficient international trade transactions while reducing misunderstandings and disputes between buyers and sellers.。
incoterm2024贸易术语INCOTERMS(International Commercial terms)是指《国际贸易术语解释通则》,是国际贸易中最常用的术语表达方式,用于明确买卖双方在贸易中的责任和义务。
INCOTERMS第一版作为国际商会于1936年发布的《物品销售合同》的附件,定义和规范了国际贸易中物品买卖双方的权益和义务,对全球贸易具有重要意义。
随着全球经济的快速发展和国际贸易的不断深化,INCOTERMS也在不断更新和完善。
incoterm2024是最新版本的贸易术语,对全球贸易将产生深远的影响。
本文将就incoterm2024的内容、特点、适用范围等方面进行详细介绍。
一、incoterm2024的内容1.1 incoterm2024包括11种贸易术语,分别是EXW(Ex Works,离厂价),FCA(Free Carrier,远运港价),FAS(Free Alongside Ship,船边交货价),FOB(Free On Board,船上交货价),CFR (Cost and Freight,成本加运费价),CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight,成本、保险费和运费价),CPT(Carriage Paid To,到达运费付价),CIP(Carriage and Insurance Paid To,到达运费、保险费付价),DAP(Delivered At Place,到达某地交货价),DPU (Delivered At Place Unloaded,卸货交货价)和DDP(Delivered Duty Paid,完税后交货价)。
1.2 incoterm2024对每一种贸易术语都进行了详细的解释和说明,明确了买卖双方在交货、运输、保险、税费等方面的责任和义务,为国际贸易提供了统一的规范和标准,有利于降低商务纠纷的发生,促进贸易畅通。
1.3 incoterm2024还对跨境电商贸易进行了规范,明确了网上买卖双方的权益和义务,有助于促进全球跨境电商的发展。
2020国际贸易术语英语解释大全在国际贸易中,了解并掌握贸易术语是非常重要的。
这些术语涉及到贸易的各个方面,包括付款方式、运输、保险、报价和价格条款等。
对于从事国际贸易的人士来说,熟悉这些术语并能准确理解其含义是至关重要的。
在本篇文章中,我将为您解释一些常见的国际贸易术语,以帮助您更好地理解和应用这些术语。
1. FOB(Free on Board)- 离岸价FOB是国际贸易中常见的一个术语,指的是卖方将货物交货到装运港口并负担运费、装载费用及出口过程中在起运港的费用(包括清关费用)后,卖方的责任就告终了。
从这一点来看,FOB价基本上是指货物的现货价格。
在这种情况下,一旦卖方把货物装上火车或汽车并将其交给火车公司或汽车公司,买方便负担了运输过程中的所有风险和费用。
2. CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)- 到岸价CIF术语指的是卖方将货物运输到目的港口,负担货物运费和保险费用,并承担货物到达港口前的所有风险。
一旦货物渡过船舷,在船上交货给买方或买方指定的人,卖方的责任就告终了。
CIF价包含成本、保险费和运费。
3. L/C(Letter of Credit)- 信用证信用证是国际贸易中的一种支付方式。
它是银行根据进口商的委托,于进口商付清或接受开立行票与贸易交单之条件下,信用证的受益人(出卖人)或指示人(承兑人)提供贸易交单提取货款的一种付款担保方式。
4. Incoterms(International Commercial Terms)- 国际贸易术语Incoterms是由国际商会发布的一套国际贸易术语,旨在统一全球范围内通用的贸易术语,以便跨国贸易中买卖双方能够更好地理解彼此的义务和责任。
这些术语规定了买卖双方在货物运输过程中的责任分工、货物交付和传输风险。
5. WTO(World Trade Organization)- 世界贸易组织世界贸易组织是一个由159个成员国组成的国际组织,致力于推动全球贸易自由化和贸易规则的制定。
国际货物进出口合同的常用贸易术语7篇第1篇示例:国际货物进出口合同是进口和出口双方在交易过程中遵循的合同规范,其中包含许多涉及贸易的专业术语。
了解和掌握这些贸易术语对于参与国际贸易至关重要,可以帮助双方更好地沟通、达成共识,确保交易顺利进行。
以下是一些常用的国际货物进出口合同中的贸易术语:1. CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)—成本加保险加运费价CIF术语是指卖方就货物交付给买方负担海外货物装运、保险费用和运费的责任,直至货物抵达目的港口。
2. FOB(Free On Board)—船上交货价FOB术语是指卖方在货物装上船时就完成交货义务,买方将承担货物的运输、保险和其他费用。
3. EXW(Ex Works)- 工厂交货价EXW术语是指卖方仅需在自己的工厂内将货物准备就绪,买方需承担所有运输和保险费用。
5. Incoterms(International Commercial Terms)—国际贸易术语Incoterms是国际商事贸易中约定双方权责的国际标准术语。
6. Bill of Lading—提单提单是海运货物运输合同的证明文件,包括货物描述、数量、目的地等信息。
7. Letter of Credit—信用证信用证是银行向受益人承诺支付货款的证明文件,有助于减少进口商和出口商之间的信任风险。
8. Certificate of Origin—原产地证明原产地证明用于证明货物的产地,通常是由相关政府机构或商会出具。
9. Packing List—装箱单装箱单包含了货物的详细信息,包括数量、重量、尺寸等,有助于货物装卸和清关。
10. Customs Clearance—清关清关是指将货物合法地通过海关进出口手续,以确保货物能够顺利运达目的地。
以上是一些国际货物进出口合同中常用的贸易术语,双方在签订合同时应充分理解这些术语的含义,并在合同中明确约定,以避免可能出现的歧义和纠纷。
incoterms国际贸易术语1、国际贸易术语——INCOTERMSINCOTERMS(International Commercial Terms),即国际商业术语,由国际商会(International Chamber of Commerce, ICC)制定并发布,是外贸交易中最常用的国际贸易术语,它的任务是加强和完善国际贸易术语的使用,使买卖双方在执行交易中形成共识,缩短交易双方的距离,使交易更加顺利,以减少交易中的争议。
INCOTERMS最早于1936年,第一版由国际商会发布,第十版(INCOTERMS 2010)于2010年1月1日发布,共包含11项术语,分为两大类:FOB(Free on Board)交易的术语和CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)交易的术语,常用的有:EXW(ex works)、FOB(Free on Board)、CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)、CFR(Cost and Freight)、DDP(Delivered Duty Paid)等,如下所示:FOB(Free on Board)交易的术语EXW(Ex Works)FOB(Free on Board)FAS(Free Alongside Ship)FCA(Free Carrier)CPT(Carriage Paid To)CIP(Carriage and Insurance Paid To)CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)交易的术语CFR(Cost and Freight)CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)DAT(Delivered at Terminal)DAP(Delivered at Place)DDP(Delivered Duty Paid)INCOTERMS的使用既可以帮助企业减少国际贸易风险,控制成本,又能提升客户满意度,确保双方的交易方便快捷。
国际电商交流术语英语作文International E-commerce Communication Terms。
With the rapid development of e-commerce, international trade has become more and more convenient. As a result, it is essential to master some basic communication terms in English for international e-commerce. Here are some commonly used terms in international e-commerce communication.1. Inquiry: A request for information about a product or service.2. Quotation: A statement of the price of a product or service.3. Order: A request to purchase a product or service.4. Proforma Invoice: An invoice that is sent to a customer before the actual invoice, which provides anestimate of the cost of goods or services.5. Payment Terms: The terms and conditions for payment, including the amount, due date, and payment method.6. Shipping Terms: The terms and conditions for shipping, including the shipping method, delivery time, and cost.7. Incoterms: International Commercial Terms, which are standardized terms used in international trade to clarify the responsibilities of buyers and sellers.8. Bill of Lading: A legal document that serves as proof of shipment and ownership of goods.9. Customs Clearance: The process of clearing goods through customs, including the payment of customs duties and taxes.10. Tracking Number: A unique number assigned to a shipment, which can be used to track the shipment'slocation and status.11. Delivery Confirmation: A confirmation that thegoods have been delivered to the customer.12. Return Policy: The terms and conditions forreturning goods, including the reason for the return, the time limit for returns, and the refund policy.13. Customer Service: The support provided to customers, including assistance with orders, returns, and inquiries.In conclusion, mastering these basic communicationterms in English for international e-commerce is crucialfor successful international trade. By using these terms correctly, we can communicate effectively with our customers and suppliers, avoid misunderstandings, andensure smooth transactions.。
I NTERNATIONAL C OMMERCIAL T ERMSPage 1 / 4EXW Ex WorksEx means from. Works means factory, mill or warehouse, which is the seller's premises. EXW applies togoods available only at the seller's premises. Buyer is responsible for loading the goods on truck orcontainer at the seller's premises, and for the subsequent costs and risks.In practice, it is not uncommon that the seller loads the goods on truck or container at the seller's premises without charging loading fee.In the quotation, indicate the named place (seller's premises) after the acronym EXW, for example EXW Kobe and EXW San Antonio.The term EXW is commonly used between the manufacturer (seller) and export-trader (buyer), and the export-trader resells on other trade terms to the foreign buyers. Some manufacturers may usethe term Ex Factory, which means the same as Ex Works.FAS Free Alongside ShipGoods are placed in the dock shed or at the side of the ship, on the dock or lighter, within reach of itsloading equipment so that they can be loaded aboard the ship, at seller's expense. Buyer is responsiblefor the loading fee, main carriage/freight, cargo insurance, and other costs and risks.In the export quotation, indicate the port of origin (loading) after the acronym FAS, for example FAS New York and FAS Bremen.The FAS term is popular in the break-bulk shipments and with the importing countries using their own vessels.FCA Free CarrierThe delivery of goods on truck, rail car or container at the specified point (depot) of departure, which isusually the seller's premises, or a named railroad station or a named cargo terminal or into the custodyof the carrier, at seller's expense. The point (depot) at origin may or may not be a customs clearancecenter. Buyer is responsible for the main carriage/freight, cargo insurance and other costs and risks.In the air shipment, technically speaking, goods placed in the custody of an air carrier isconsidered as delivery on board the plane. In practice, many importers and exporters still use the termFOB in the air shipment.The term FCA is also used in the RO/RO (roll on/roll off) services.In the export quotation, indicate the point of departure (loading) after the acronym FCA, for example FCA Hong Kong and FCA Seattle.Some manufacturers may use the former terms FOT (Free On Truck) and FOR (Free On Rail) in selling to export-traders.FOB Free On BoardThe delivery of goods on board the vessel at the named port of origin (loading), at seller's expense.Buyer is responsible for the main carriage/freight, cargo insurance and other costs and risks.In the export quotation, indicate the port of origin (loading) after the acronym FOB, for exampleFOB Vancouver and FOB Shanghai.Under the rules of the INCOTERMS 1990, the term FOB is used for ocean freight only. However,in practice, many importers and exporters still use the term FOB in the air freight.In North America, the term FOB has other applications. Many buyers and sellers in Canada andthe U.S.A. dealing on the open account and consignment basis are accustomed to using the shippingterms FOB Origin and FOB Destination.FOB Origin means the buyer is responsible for the freight and other costs and risks. FOBDestination means the seller is responsible for the freight and other costs and risks until the goods aredelivered to the buyer's premises, which may include the import customs clearance and payment ofimport customs duties and taxes at the buyer's country, depending on the agreement between thebuyer and seller.In international trade, avoid using the shipping terms FOB Origin and FOB Destination, whichare not part of the INCOTERMS (International Commercial Terms).CFR Cost and Freight(The former acronym of Cost and Freight was C&F)The delivery of goods to the named port of destination (discharge) at the seller's expense. Buyer isresponsible for the cargo insurance and other costs and risks. The term CFR was formerly written asC&F. Many importers and exporters worldwide still use the term C&F.In the export quotation, indicate the port of destination (discharge) after the acronym CFR, forexample CFR Karachi and CFR Alexandria.Under the rules of the INCOTERMS 1990, the term Cost and Freight is used for ocean freightonly. However, in practice, the term Cost and Freight (C&F) is still commonly used in the air freight.CIF Cost, Insurance and FreightThe cargo insurance and delivery of goods to the named port of destination (discharge) at the seller'sexpense. Buyer is responsible for the import customs clearance and other costs and risks.In the export quotation, indicate the port of destination (discharge) after the acronym CIF, forexample CIF Pusan and CIF Singapore.Under the rules of the INCOTERMS 1990, the term CIF is used for ocean freight only. However,in practice, many importers and exporters still use the term CIF in the air freight.CIP Carriage and Insurance Paid ToThe delivery of goods and the cargo insurance to the named place of destination (discharge) at seller'sexpense. Buyer assumes the import customs clearance, payment of customs duties and taxes, andother costs and risks.In the export quotation, indicate the place of destination (discharge) after the acronym CIP, forexample CIP Paris and CIP Athens.CPT Carriage Paid ToThe delivery of goods to the named place of destination (discharge) at seller's expense. Buyer assumesthe cargo insurance, import customs clearance, payment of customs duties and taxes, and other costsand risks.In the export quotation, indicate the place of destination (discharge) after the acronym CPT, forexample CPT Los Angeles and CPT Osaka.Page 3 / 4DAF Delivered At FrontierThe delivery of goods to the specified point at the frontier at seller's expense. Buyer is responsible forthe import customs clearance, payment of customs duties and taxes, and other costs and risks.In the export quotation, indicate the point at frontier (discharge) after the acronym DAF, for example DAF Buffalo and DAF Welland.DDP Delivered Duty PaidThe seller is responsible for most of the expenses, which include the cargo insurance, import customsclearance, and payment of customs duties and taxes at the buyer's end, and the delivery of goods tothe final point at destination, which is often the project site or buyer's premises. The seller may opt notto insure the goods at his/her own risks.In the export quotation, indicate the point of destination (discharge) after the acronym DDP, for example DDP Bujumbura and DDP Mbabane.DDU Delivered Duty UnpaidThe delivery of goods and the cargo insurance to the final point at destination, which is often theproject site or buyer's premises, at seller's expense. Buyer assumes the import customs clearance andpayment of customs duties and taxes. The seller may opt not to insure the goods at his/her own risks.In the export quotation, indicate the point of destination (discharge) after the acronym DDU, for example DDU La Paz and DDU Ndjamena.DEQ Delivered Ex QuayThe delivery of goods to the quay (the port) at destination at seller's expense. Seller is responsible forthe import customs clearance and payment of customs duties and taxes at the buyer's end. Buyerassumes the cargo insurance and other costs and risks.In the export quotation, indicate the port of destination (discharge) after the acronym DEQ, for example DEQ Libreville and DEQ Maputo.DES Delivered Ex ShipThe delivery of goods on board the vessel at the named port of destination (discharge), at seller'sexpense. Buyer assumes the unloading fee, import customs clearance, payment of customs duties andtaxes, cargo insurance, and other costs and risks.In the export quotation, indicate the port of destination (discharge) after the acronym DES, for example DES Helsinki and DES Stockholm.。