下载文档原格式
初中被动语态语法讲解初中被动语态语法讲解(一) 语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4. 过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.(2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
初中中的被动语态用法详解被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构，包含了及物动词的被动形式。
初中阶段，学生们需要逐渐掌握被动语态的用法。
本文将详细介绍初中中的被动语态用法。
一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态的基本构成由be动词的适当形式+过去分词构成。
be动词的形式根据句子的时态和主语的人称而定。
过去分词则根据动词的一般过去时的变化规则。
例如：- The car is repaired.（句子时态：一般现在时）- The car was repaired.（句子时态：一般过去时）- The car will be repaired.（句子时态：一般将来时）二、被动语态的用法1. 没有明确的执行者在被动语态中，我们强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
有时，在句子中并没有明确指出执行动作的人或事物。
例如：- The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
）- The book will be published next month.（这本书将在下个月出版。
）2. 隐藏执行者在某些情况下，句子中刻意隐藏了动作的执行者。
例如：- The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）3. 顺序执行之动作被动语态常用于描述一系列按照一定顺序执行的动作。
例如：- The eggs are washed, peeled, and then boiled.（鸡蛋洗净、剥皮，然后煮熟。
）4. 惯用表达被动语态在某些固定的表达方式中也得到了广泛使用。
例如：- The decision was made.（决定已经做出。
）- The question was answered.（问题已经回答。
）三、主动语态与被动语态的转换在主动语态与被动语态之间进行转换时，需注意以下几点：1. 意义的改变：动作的焦点转移到了接受者身上，原主语成为了新的宾语；2. 动词形式的变化：be动词的形式和动词的过去分词形式相关；3. 语态的时态保持一致：主动语态的时态与被动语态的时态保持一致。
九年级被动语态语法知识点被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它用来描述句子的主语是被动者，而动作的执行者则成为句子的宾语。
在九年级的英语学习中，学生将接触到被动语态的相关知识点。
本文将为大家介绍九年级被动语态的三个主要知识点。
知识点一：被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由be动词的不同形式加上过去分词组成。
根据每个时态的规则，我们可以将被动语态的构成进行总结。
1. 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词例：Active: The teacher explains the lesson.Passive: The lesson is explained by the teacher.2. 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + 过去分词例：Active: They cleaned the classroom.Passive: The classroom was cleaned by them.3. 一般将来时的被动语态：will be + 过去分词例：Active: She will write a letter.Passive: A letter will be written by her.4. 现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are + being + 过去分词例：Active: They are building a new house.Passive: A new house is being built by them.5. 过去进行时的被动语态：was/were + being + 过去分词例：Active: He was repairing his bike.Passive: His bike was being repaired by him.6. 现在完成时的被动语态：has/have been + 过去分词例：Active: She has written a book.Passive: A book has been written by her.知识点二：被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中有着重要的应用。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分，学好被动语态的用法可以帮助学生更准确地理解和使用英语。
下面是被动语态用法的详细总结归纳。
1.被动语态的构成：被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，根据时态的不同，助动词be的形式也会发生变化。
如：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 一般将来时：will be + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词2.被动语态的用法：被动语态用来强调动作的承受者（主语）而不是执行者，并且常用于以下情景：2.1当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
例如：The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）2.2当动作的执行者已知，但我们要强调动作的承受者时。
例如：The house was built by my grandfather.（这座房子是我爷爷建的。
）2.3当我们要避免使用第一人称或第二人称时。
例如：Mistakes were made.（犯了错误。
）3.被动语态的注意事项：在使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：3.1表示动作的动词要用过去分词形式。
过去分词的形式有规律变化和不规律变化两种。
如：- 规律变化：原形 + ed，例如：played, watched, called- 不规律变化：需要记忆，例如：born, written, eaten3.2被动句的主语是动作的承受者，通常出现在句子的前面。
如：- 主动语态：I cooked dinner.（我做了晚饭。
）- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by me.（晚饭是我做的。
）3.3 不及物动词不能构成被动语态。
不及物动词没有宾语，因此不能强调动作的承受者。
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，用来强调动作的接收者而不是执行者。
在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的接收者，而不是执行者。
使用被动语态可以改变句子的语气和结构，使表达更加灵活和多样化。
本文将归纳初中英语中的被动语态的构成和用法。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由"be"动词和过去分词构成。
根据时态的不同，"be"动词有不同的形式。
下面是不同时态下的被动语态构成：1. 一般现在时态：am/is/are + 过去分词（-ed形式或第三人称单数形式）例如：- The book is written by him.这本书是他写的。
- The door is opened by Tom.门是汤姆打开的。
2. 一般过去时态：was/were + 过去分词例如：- The letter was sent yesterday.这封信昨天被寄出了。
- The cake was made by my mom.这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
3. 一般将来时态：will be + 过去分词例如：- The package will be delivered tomorrow.这个包裹将会在明天被送到。
- The decision will be made by the committee.决定将由委员会做出。
4. 现在进行时态：am/is/are being + 过去分词例如：- The house is being cleaned by the maid.这所房子正在被女佣清理。
- The project is being discussed by the team.这个项目正在团队讨论中。
5. 过去进行时态：was/were being + 过去分词例如：- The car was being repaired last week.这辆车上周正在维修。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要的句型结构，用来表示主语是动作的承受者，或者是主语被动地接受了其中一种行为或影响。
在被动语态中，动作的执行者通常不被说明，而动作的接受者（主语）成为句子的重点。
被动语态的结构是：“be”动词的适当形式 + 过去分词被动语态的时态、语态和主动语态一样，即可以变换时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等）和语态（进行时、完成时等）。
下面对被动语态的几个方面进行总结归纳。
1.一般现在时被动语态：一般现在时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They make cars.- 被动语态：Cars are made by them.2.一般过去时被动语态：一般过去时被动语态的结构是：“was/were”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She cooked dinner.- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by her.3.一般将来时被动语态：一般将来时被动语态的结构是：“will be”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：You will clean the room.- 被动语态：The room will be cleaned by you.4.进行时被动语态：进行时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are being”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They are painting the wall.- 被动语态：The wall is being painted by them.5.完成时被动语态：完成时被动语态的结构是：“has/have been”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She has written a book.- 被动语态：A book has been written by her.需要注意的是，被动语态的主语通常不是动作的执行者，所以经常用于下面几种情况：-当动作的执行者不得而知或不重要时，使用被动语态。
初中英语中的被动语态用法总结被动语态是英语中的一种重要的语法结构，它在初中阶段就开始学习和应用。
被动语态的使用可以使句子更加丰富多样，表达更加准确。
本文将就初中英语中的被动语态用法进行总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成是由助动词be的不同形式加上过去分词构成的。
根据不同的时态和人称，be的形式有所不同。
例如，一般现在时的被动语态构成为am/is/are + 过去分词，一般过去时的被动语态构成为was/were + 过去分词，而一般将来时的被动语态构成为will be + 过去分词。
二、被动语态的用法1. 表示动作的承受者未知或不重要被动语态常常用来表达动作的承受者未知或不重要的情况。
例如，"The book was written by an unknown author."（这本书是由一个未知的作者写的。
）在这个句子中，我们并不关心是谁写的这本书，重点是这本书是被写的。
2. 强调动作的承受者被动语态还可以用来强调动作的承受者。
例如，"The cake was eaten by Tom."（这个蛋糕是被汤姆吃的。
）在这个句子中，强调的是汤姆吃了这个蛋糕，而不是其他人。
3. 表示客观事实被动语态还可以用来表示客观事实。
例如，"English is spoken in many countries."（英语在很多国家都被使用。
）这个句子表达的是一个客观事实，不涉及具体的动作承受者。
4. 表示连续性动作被动语态还可以用来表示连续性动作。
例如，"The house is being built."（这个房子正在被建造。
）这个句子表达的是一个正在进行的动作。
5. 表示被动动作的结果被动语态还可以用来表示被动动作的结果。
例如，"The window was broken."（窗户被打破了。
）这个句子表达的是窗户已经被打破的结果。
欢迎阅读被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式 , 表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系 ,主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的蒙受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1. 一般此刻时的被动语态： am /is/ are + 动词的过去分词2. 一般过去时的被动语态： was /were + 动词的过去分词3. 一般未来时的被动语态： will be + 动词的过去分词4. 此刻进行时的被动语态： am /is /are +being + 动词的过去分词5. 此刻达成时的被动语态： have /has +been + 动词的过去分词6. 神态动词的被动语态： 神态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词主动语态不可以变成被动语态的状况 :1, 当宾语是反身代词时 The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker . 2, 当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时Does the pair of new shoes suit you? We will have a meeting .四．特别状况的被动语态：1. 带双宾语的被动语态： 动词 + sb( 间宾 ) +sth( 直宾 )口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变， to /for 间宾连。
1).give/pass /show 与介词 to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .2).buy/make/cook 与介词 for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I ______ ______ a book by him. A book ____ ____ _____ me by him . My mother made me a cake . I ____ _____ a cake by my mother A cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother . 2. 带省 to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词 + sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪， to 来 to 去记心胸，主动语态 to 离开被动语态 to 回来。
初中英语被动语态的用法及易错点归纳一、主动语态和被动语态的概念主动语态和被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词的过去分词形式表示动作的完成或被动接受。
例如:I wrote a letter to my friend.(我给我朋友写了一封信。
)The letter was written by me to my friend.(这封信是我写给朋友的。
)被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者，谓语动词的过去分词形式表示动作的完成或被动接受。
例如:A letter was written to my friend by me.(我写给朋友的信。
)My friend was written to by me a letter.(我给我朋友写了封信。
)二、被动语态的结构及用法被动语态的结构为“be动词(am/is/are)+过去分词”，其中be动词用was/were 表示。
被动语态的用法如下:表示被动的动作或状态。
例如:The window was broken by the boy.(窗户被男孩打破了。
)表示强调主语的作用。
例如:The cake was made by my mother.(蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
)表示强调动作的执行者。
例如:I was not able to finish the project on time.(我没有按时完成这个项目。
)表示客观描述或事实陈述。
例如:The car was repaired by the mechanic.(这辆车是由机械师修理的。
)用于疑问句和否定句中。
例如:Was the movie good?(这部电影好吗?)He was not able to finish the project on time.(他没有按时完成这个项目。
)2）不同时态中的被动语态被动语态是英语中常用的一种语态形式，用于表示动作的承受者。
在使用时，需要注意不同时态的被动语态结构。
语法专练---被动语态一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。
正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
例如：English is spokenby many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
例如：He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动句)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
不及物动词本身没有被动语态。
及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。
不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten一般过去时：was／were＋eaten一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten过去完成时：had been＋eaten歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
一、被动语态讲解1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 参观者请勿触摸展览品。
Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们的教室每天都要打扫。
This car is made in China. 这輛车是中国制造的。
People grow rice in the south of the country.→Rice is grown in the south of the country.The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry without a teacher. →We are not allowed to enter the chemistry without a teacher.2） has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.任务的所有准备工作已经完成,我们准备开始。
3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．这里正在建一个新的电影院。
A new factory is being built in our city now. Some trees are being cut down in the park.The radio is broadcasting English lessons.→English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.We are painting the rooms. →The rooms are being painted.4） was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 给了我十分钟来决定我是否应该拒绝提供。
His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928.They agreed on the building of anew car factory last month. →The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.The students didn’t forget his lessons easily. →His lessons were not easily forgotten.5） had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 到去年年底，另一个新的体育馆在北京已经修建完工。
When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.→When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.The whole country was very sad at the news of his death. People had considered him to be a great leader.→He had been considered to be a great leader.6） was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there. 当我在那儿的时候，会议正在举行。
The workers were mending the road. →The road were being mended.This time last year we were planting trees here. →Trees were being planted here this time last year.7） shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 如果工厂关闭, 成百上千的工作岗位将丢失。
They will send cars abroad by sea. →Cars will be sent abroad by sea.They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. →Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.8） should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.消息一到，就会送给那位士兵的母亲。
The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.→The project would be completed by the end of the year.The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.→The workers told me the car would be mended as soon as possible.9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July. 这个项目将在7月之前完成。
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构其形式为情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 婴儿应该受到保姆良好的照顾。
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
His mother gave him a present for his birthday.→ He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. →The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.→A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。
其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 会议将推迟到星期五。
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ ing形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.二、如何使用被动语态学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。
例 My bike was stolen last night.2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。
例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.3. 为了更好地安排句子。
例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）三、 It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。
有：It is said that…据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam（＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
