系动词系动词又称联系动词，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（也称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：He fell ill yesterday.（fall是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况He fell off the ladder.（fall是实义动词，单独作谓语。
）1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：He is a teacher.（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。
）2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：He always kept silent at meeting.This matter rests a mystery.3）表像系动词用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：He looks tired.He seems (to be) very sad.4）感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.This flower smells very sweet.5）变化系动词表示主语变成什么样，有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, runHe became mad after that.She grew rich within a short time.6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，例如：The rumor proved false.The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. （turn out表终止性结果）I、常见系动词错误及其成因：（1）漏掉系动词I afraid he won't come tomorrow .( 2 )误用系动词His hair changed grey .(混淆了change 与turn，grow)I.系动词分类：一、根据系动词后所跟结构，分为两大类：完全系动词（其后只能跟表语的动词，如be）和半系动词（其后既可跟表语作系动词用法，也可跟宾语或状语作实义动词用，如look）He looked sad at the news.（“看起来”，系动词用法）He looks at a clever boy.（“看着”，实义动词用法）在英语中，某一动词是多义词，既有实义动词用法，又有系动词用法。
常见的有：listen，look ，touch ，hear，see ，sound ，feel，taste ，remain ，keep，stay，turn，become二、根据系动词的意义，分为四类：A．五大感官系动词B．状态系动词C．动态系动词D．双谓语系动词A．五大感官系动词，描述一种感官性质。
由实义感官动词变化而来，都是半系动词1．look“看起来像是”，后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。
The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.2．smell“闻起来”，后接adj.，分词。
The flowers smell sweet.3．sound“听起来”，后接adj.，分词。
The music sounds sweet.4．taste“尝起来”，后接adj.，分词。
The apples taste very good.5．feel①“摸起来，给……感觉”；②“觉得”，后接adjThe silk feels very soft.You will feel better after a night’s sleep.B．状态系动词：1．be，“是”，完全系动词。
I am a student.2．seem,“似乎，好像”，完全系动词。
They seem quite happy.3．appear,“显得，看起来好像”，半系动词。
He appeared tired and sleepy.It appeared(to be)a true story.Now it appears to me that he may play an important part in settling the problem. （在我看来）4．keep, “保持……的状态”，半系动词，后接adj或介词短语。
You’d better go to bed and keep warm.5．remain,“仍是”，半系动词。
I remained silent.6．stay“保持（某种状态）”，半系动词，后接adj.、过去分词。
The window stayed open all the night.7.prove “证明是”，半系动词，后接adj.，n.The treatment proved to be successful.C．动态系动词：都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。
1．get“变成，变得……起来”，后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。
The days are getting longer and longer.The train didn’t get going again.It’s nothing to get excited about.My watch gets out of order.2．fall“进入（某种状态），成为”，后常接以下形容词：asleep, silent, ill, sickThe old man, unable to express himself, fell silent.My father fell ill and died.3．grow“渐渐变得……起来，长得”You will grow used to it.It’s growing warm.4．turn“转变成（新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质），变质（色）”。
Maple trees turn red in autumn.It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine.He has turned writer.（注意：此时writer之前无冠词a.）5．go，“变成（某种坏的状态）”The telephone has gone dead.The material has gone a funny colour. (奇怪)go之后常接的adj. 还有：bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey6．become“变成，成为（好坏均可的情况）”He became angry with me.It became dark.They became good friends.I became interested in drawing.7．come，“变成为（已知的状态），证实为”，后接形容词或前缀un-的过去分词作表语，表示状态或情况的变化。
His wish to become a pilot has come true.If you look into the matter, everything will come clear.My shoelaces have come undone.后面常接的形容词还有：apart, dear（昂贵），natural, open, untied（松开）。
8．run,“变成”，后接adj.The well has run dry.The price ran high.9．make，“达到某种状态[后接形容词]，如sure, certain, merry, bold, freeWe must make certain of facts.我们一定要弄清事实。
The Children make free with the apples.孩子们随便吃苹果。
D．双谓语系动词此类系动词既有系动词的功能，后接表语，又保留原实义动词本身的含义。
例如：The run rose red. 太阳升起红艳艳。
She stopped and stood quite still.The book lay open on the table.The snow lay thick on the ground.He married young.The window blew open.III．系动词用法应注意的八个问题1．系动词的进行时态应分情况讨论一般，状态系动词无进行时态，而动态系动词有进行时态。
但在某些情况下，状态系动词也有进行时态，表示两个用途：(1)表示一种短暂的、反常的状态。
如：He is being kind.他装出和蔼可亲的样子（一时而不能持久的性质）(2)表示一种探询口气，使语言客气、生动、亲切。
例如：I hope you are keeping well.（语气委婉）Are you feeling any better?（语气亲切）试比较：Your hand feels cold.你的手摸起来冰凉（无意识的静态性质）不可以说：Your hand is feeling cold.(×)The doctor is feeling her pulse.医生正在给她把脉（有意识的动态动作）The soup tastes good.这汤的味道不错（静态性质，无进行时）The cook is tasting the soup.厨师在尝汤的味道。
（动态动作，有进行时）总之，系动词有无进行时态应随系动词的意义或其语境变化而变化。
在概述某一动词的进行时态时，不能笼统地说feel，smell无进行时，应指出其意义及其语用环境。
以smell为例①smell作“嗅觉”的能力时，虽是实义动词，但指的是一种性质的存在状态不能用于进行时态，常与can, could, be able to连用。
The camels can smell the water a mile off.骆驼能嗅出一英里外有水。
②指“嗅、闻”的动作时，实义动词，可用于进行时态。
The girl is smelling the flower.③smell指“含有……气味”，“发出……气味”等事物性质时，半系动词，无进行时态。
