中西民航协定的英文版

国际航空运输法规iata dgr英文International Air Transport Association Dangerous Goods Regulations (IATA DGR) is a comprehensive set of rules and guidelines that govern the transportation of dangerous goodsby air. These regulations play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and security of air transportation, as well as protecting the environment and public health. In this article, we will explore the key aspects of IATA DGR, including its history, structure, and impact on the aviation industry.I. Introduction to IATA DGRThe transportation of dangerous goods by air poses unique challenges due to the inherent risks associated with these materials. IATA recognized this need for a standardized setof regulations in order to ensure safe and secure transport. Thus, in 1956, the first edition of IATA DGR was published.II. Structure of IATA DGRIATA DGR is organized into several parts that cover different aspects of dangerous goods transportation. These partsinclude general provisions, classification criteria, packing instructions, marking and labeling requirements, documentation requirements, handling procedures forpassengers and crew members, as well as emergency response procedures.III. Classification CriteriaThe classification criteria outlined in IATA DGR provide a systematic approach for categorizing dangerous goods into different classes based on their inherent properties. Thereare nine classes in total: explosives; gases; flammable liquids; flammable solids; oxidizing substances; toxic substances; radioactive materials; corrosive substances; and miscellaneous dangerous goods.IV. Packaging RequirementsProper packaging is crucial to ensure that dangerous goods are contained safely during transport. IATA DGR provides detailed instructions on packaging materials and design specifications to prevent leaks or spills that could lead to accidents or contamination.V. Marking and Labeling RequirementsClear marking and labeling are essential for identifying packages containing dangerous goods during handling or emergencies. IATA DGR specifies specific symbols, labels, placards, and markings that must be displayed on packages based on their classification.VI. Documentation RequirementsAccurate and complete documentation is vital for the safe and efficient transport of dangerous goods. IATA DGR outlines the information that must be included in shipping documents, such as the shipper's name and address, dangerous goods description, quantity, and emergency contact information.VII. Handling Procedures for Passengers and Crew Members Passengers and crew members must be aware of the potential hazards associated with dangerous goods on board an aircraft. IATA DGR provides guidelines for handling dangerous goods during passenger check-in, security screening, in-flight storage, as well as emergency response procedures.VIII. Emergency Response ProceduresIn the event of an incident involving dangerous goods during air transport, swift and effective emergency response is crucial to minimize risks to human life and property. IATA DGR provides detailed procedures for responding to incidents such as leaks, spills, fires, or explosions.IX. Compliance and EnforcementCompliance with IATA DGR is mandatory for all air carriers involved in transporting dangerous goods. Regulatory authorities conduct regular inspections to ensure that airlines adhere to these regulations. Non-compliance can result in penalties or even suspension of operating licenses.X. Impact on the Aviation IndustryIATA DGR has significantly contributed to enhancing safety standards in air transportation by providing a uniform set of regulations that are recognized globally. These regulations have improved risk management practices within airlines' operations while also promoting international cooperation among regulatory authorities.XI. Future DevelopmentsAs technology advances and new hazardous materials emerge, IATA continues to update its DGR to address these evolving challenges effectively. The organization works closely with industry stakeholders to ensure that regulations remain relevant while promoting innovation within a safe framework.In conclusion, International Air Transport Association Dangerous Goods Regulations (IATA DGR) plays a vital role in ensuring the safe transportation of hazardous materials byair globally. These regulations provide comprehensive guidelines on classification criteria, packaging requirements, marking,labeling,documentation,handling procedures,emergency response, and compliance enforcement. By adheringto IATA DGR, the aviation industry can continue to maintainthe highest safety standards while facilitating the global movement of goods.。

法律专业英语之民用航空法双语The pony was revised in January 2021法律专业英语之中华人民共和国民用航空法（双语）中华人民共和国民用航空法Civil Aviation Law of the People's Republic of China第一章总则Chapter I General Provisions第一条为了维护国家的领空主权和民用航空权利，保障民用航空活动安全和有秩序地进行，保护民用航空活动当事人各方的合法权益，促进民用航空事业的发展，制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted with a view to safeguarding the national sovereignty of territorial airspace and the rights of civil aviation, to ensuring the conduct of civil aviation activities in a safe and orderly manner, to protecting the lawful rights and interests of the parties concerned incivil aviation activities, and to promoting the development of civil aviation industry.第二条中华人民共和国的领陆和领水之上的空域为中华人民共和国航空。

Article 2 The airspace above the land territory and territorial waters of the People's Republic of China is the territorial airspace of the People'sRepublic of China.中华人民共和国对领空享有完全的、排他的主权。

中华人民共和国政府和意大利共和国政府民用航空运输协定文章属性•【缔约国】意大利•【条约领域】航空运输•【公布日期】1973.01.08•【条约类别】协定•【签订地点】北京正文中华人民共和国政府和意大利共和国政府民用航空运输协定（签订日期１９７３年１月８日生效日期１９７５年１月２９日）中华人民共和国政府和意大利共和国政府，为便利中国人民和意大利人民之间的友好往来，发展两国航空运输方面相互关系，根据互相尊重独立和主权、互不干涉内政、平等互利和友好合作的原则，就建立两国间以及延伸至两国以外地区的定期航班，协议如下：第一条本协定中：（一）“航空当局”，中华人民共和国方面指中国民用航空总局，意大利共和国方面指运输民航部民航总局，或两方面均指被授权执行上述当局目前所行使职能的任何当局或机构。

（二）“指定空运企业”，指根据本协定第三条，缔约一方通过向缔约对方发出书面通知所指定的空运企业，以经营在本协定附件一中所规定的航线上的协议航班。

（三）“航班”，指以飞机从事旅客、邮件或货物的公共运输的任何定期航班。

（四）“国际航班”，指飞越一个以上国家的领土的航班。

（五）“空运企业”，指提供或经营国际航班的任何航空运输企业。

（六）“非运输业务性经停”，指目的不在于装上或卸下旅客、货物或邮件的任何降停。

第二条一、缔约一方给予缔约对方在本协定附件一所规定的航线（以下简称“规定航线”）上建立定期航班（以下简称“协议航班”）的权利，以载运国际旅客、行李、货物和邮件。

二、在不违反本协定规定的情况下，缔约一方指定空运企业在规定航线上经营协议航班时，应享有下列权利：（一）经缔约对方航空当局同意季节班期时刻表后，不降停飞越缔约对方领土；（二）在缔约对方领土内作非运输业务性经停；（三）在缔约对方境内的本协定附件一规定航线上的地点经停，以便上下来自或前往缔约对方或第三国境内的国际旅客、行李、货物和邮件。

三、缔约一方指定空运企业无权在缔约对方境内的一点与该境内另一点间，装载收费旅客、行李、货物和邮件。

中华人民共和国政府与赞比亚共和国政府航班协定文章属性•【缔约国】赞比亚•【条约领域】航空运输•【公布日期】2007.02.03•【条约类别】协定•【签订地点】卢萨卡正文中华人民共和国政府与赞比亚共和国政府航班协定（民航总局[2007]18号）中华人民共和国政府与赞比亚共和国政府，为了便利两国人民之间的友好交往，发展两国民用航空方面的相互关系，作为1944年12月7日在芝加哥开放签字的《国际民用航空公约》的当事国，就建立和经营两国领土之间及其以远地区的航班，达成协议如下：第一条定义除非本协定另有规定，本协定中：一、“航空当局”，中华人民共和国方面指中国民用航空总局，或者指受权执行该局目前所行使的职能的任何个人或者机构；赞比亚共和国方面指通讯与交通部长，或者指受权执行该部长目前所行使的职能的任何个人或者机构。

二、“公约”，指1944年12月7日在芝加哥开放签字的《国际民用航空公约》，包括对缔约双方均有效的、根据该公约第九十条规定通过的任何附件，以及根据该公约第九十条和九十四条对附件或者公约所作出的任何修改。

三、“协定”，指本协定及其附件以及根据本协定第十八条规定对本协定和／或其附件的任何修改。

四、“空运企业”，指提供或者经营国际航班的任何航空运输企业。

五、“指定空运企业”，指根据本协定第三条规定经指定和许可的空运企业。

六、“航班”，指以航空器从事旅客、行李、货物或者邮件公共运输的任何定期航班。

七、“国际航班”，指飞经一个以上国家领土上空的航班。

八、“非运输业务性经停”，指目的不在于上下旅客、行李、货物或者邮件的任何经停。

九、“运力”：（一）就航空器而言，指该航空器在航线或者航段上可提供的商务载量。

（二）就航班而言，指飞行该航班的航空器的运力乘以该航空器在一定时期内在航线或者航段上所飞行的班次。

十、“运价”，指运输旅客、行李和货物所采用的价格和价格条件，包括提供代理和其他附属服务的价格和价格条件，但不包括运输邮件的价格和价格条件。

REGULATION ON APPLICATION FOR ROUTE OPERATING PERMITBY FOREIGN AIR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISESCHAPTER 1GENERAL PROVISIONSArticle 1This Regulation is made in accordance with Civil Aviation Law of the People’ s Republic of China and with the view of standardizing the regulation of operation on the specified route by foreign air transport enterprise between point in foreign country and point in the People’s Republic of China.Article 2Application filed by foreign air transport enterprise (hereinafter referred to as “foreign airline” for operation on the specified route between point in foreign country and point in the People’s Republic of China shall be in conformity with the provisions specified in the bilateral Air Services Agreement or the relevant agreement concluded between the governments of China and the foreign country. The said foreign airline shall be first designated through diplomatic channel by its government, unless otherwise provided in the bilateral Air Services Agreement or the relevant agreement.Article 3Civil Aviation Administration of China (hereinafter referred to as “CAAC” is responsible for the regulation of the route operating permit for foreign airline.Foreign airline, after being formally designated through diplomatic channel by its government, shall submit application in accordance with this Regulation to CAAC forpermit to operate the specified route between point in the foreign country and point in the People’s Republic of China.Regional Administrations of CAAC are responsible for the oversight on the operation by foreign airline within their respective region.Article 4CAAC applies the principle of mutual-benefit and reciprocal treatment when examining and approving the application for operating permit submitted by foreign airline. CAAC shall take reciprocal measures in the event that the aeronautical authorities of the foreign country would place unreasonable restriction on the application submitted by the air transport enterprise of the People’s Republic of China for permit to op erate the specified route between point in the People’s Republic of China and point in the foreign country.CHAPTER 2APPLICATION PROCEDURES FOR OPERATING PERMITArticle 5Application for operating permit shall be submitted by foreign airline to CAAC no later than 60 days before the proposed commencing date.CAAC does not accept the application for operating permit submitted by foreign airline if the application does not conform to the required time limit, unless otherwise provided in the bilateral Air Services Agreement or the relevant agreement.Article 6Foreign airline applying for operating permit shall provide CAAC with the application letter and supplementary documents in the Chinese or English language, which shall be signed by the legal representative of the headquarters of the foreign airline or by the person authorized in writing by the legal representative.The application letter shall include the specified route planned to operate between point in the foreign country and point in the People’s Rep ublic of China, the proposed commencing date, flight number and code-sharing flight number, weekly frequency and operation days, type of aircraft owned by the foreign airline or wet-leased from other enterprise and aircraft registration number.The supplementary documents submitted together with the application letter by foreign airline shall include:1 Photocopy of the document certifying that the foreign airline is designated by the foreign government to operate the specified route between point in the foreign country and point in the People’ Republic of China;2 Photocopy of the Air Operator Certificate (AOC issued by the aeronautical authorities of the foreign country to the foreign airline for engaging in public air transport;3 Photocopy of the Enterprise Registration Certificate;4 Charter (or called “Articles of Association” of the enterprise or certificate issued by the legal enterprise registration body, which contains information about the principle places of business of the enterprise, nature of the enterprise (state-owned or private enterprise, equity structure, nationalities of the investors, names and nationalities of the board members;5 General conditions of carriage for passenger and cargo of the enterprise;6 The formal Chinese and English name of the enterprise, enterprise profile (including the date of establishment, aircraft fleet, route network, etc., contact persons in the headquarters and in the People’s Republic of China and their address, telephone and fax number, e-mail address, the three-letter designator assigned to the foreign airline by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO and the two-character designator assigned to the foreign airline by International Air Transport Association (IATA;7 When wet-leased aircraft is used for the operation, photocopy of the wet-lease agreement shall be provided together with the documents as required by the bilateral Air Services Agreementor the relevant agreement pertaining to the use of wet-leased aircraft;8 Other documents to be submitted by foreign airline as requested by CAAC in accordance with laws, regulations and bilateral agreement.Article 7When foreign airline requests to operate a new route after it commences the operation of the specified route between point in the foreign country and point in the People’s Republic of China as per the operating permit issued by CAAC, the foreign airline shall reapply to CAAC for a new route operating permit. The documents listed in subparagraph 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of Article 6 of this Regulation may not be submitted if the foreign airline applies for new route operating permit.Article 8In case any change to the contents listed in subparagraph 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 of Article 6 of this Regulation takes place while in the course of operating the specified route as per the operating permit issued by CAAC or at the time when applying for new route operating permit, the foreign airline shall notify CAAC in writing of such changewithin 30 days from the date when such change is made or at the time when the application for new route operating permit is submitted.Article 9If foreign airline delegates an agency to submit, on its behalf, an application for operating permit to CAAC, it shall delegate the agencycapable of handling relevant business and shall issue an official letter of delegation to such agency.CHAPTER 3EXAMINATION AND APPROVAL OF OPERATING PERMITArticle 10CAAC makes procedural examination of the application documents submitted by foreign airline and may conduct substantial examination when it is deemed necessary.Foreign airline shall be responsible for the authenticity of all application documents submitted.Article 11CAAC accepts the application filed by foreign airline if such application documents are complete and in conformity with the statutory forms. If the application documents are not complete and not in conformity with the statutory forms, CAAC will give a notification within 5 working days to foreign airline to complement all required documents. Otherwise the application is considered as accepted as of the day when the application documents are received.CAAC accepts the application after the foreign airline has complemented all the required documents. CAAC does not accept the application and will give a written notification of un-acceptance if the application documents are still not in conformity with the requirements.Article 12CAAC shall make a decision on whether granting approval or not within 20 working days from the day when it accepts such application, unless otherwise provided in the bilateral Air Services Agreement or the relevant agreement. If CAAC can not make a decision within 20 working days, it may, with the approval of the minister of CAAC, defer the decision for 10 working days and shall give explanations about the deferment to the foreign airline.Article 13CAAC shall issue the operating permit to foreign airline within 10 working days from the day when an approval decision is made. If CAAC makes a disapproval decision on the application in accordance with the law and regulations, it shall give a written decision to the foreign airline with relevant explanations.CHARPTER 4RENEWAL OF AND CHANGE TO OPERATING PERMITArticle 14Foreign airlines shall submit application for renewal of operating permit to CAAC no later than 30 days before its expiry date as specified in the operating permit. If the application is not submitted within the time limit without any appropriate reasons, CAAC will make a written decision of un-acceptance. If the foreign airline fails to submit an application for renewal of the operating permit after it is expired, CAAC will revoke the operating permit.Article 15Foreign airline, in applying for renewal of operating permit, shall provide with the following documents:1 Photocopy of the operating permit to be renewed;2 Flight schedules for the route being operated in accordance with the specified Route Schedule between point in the foreign country and point in the People’s Republic of China.Article 16Application filed by foreign airline for making changes to the contents of the current effective operating permit shall be submitted in written form to CAAC with detailed contents to be modified as well as reasons for the modification.Article 17CAAC shall make a decision on the application submitted by foreign airline for renewal or modification of the operating permit within the time limit as specified in Article 12 and 13 of this Regulation.CHARPTER 5REGULATION ON OPERATING PERMITArticle 18Foreign airline shall operate the specified route between point in foreign country and point in the People’s Republic of China within the scope of operation and the term of validity as authorized by the operating permit.Article 19Foreign airline shall take effective measures to properly keep the operating permit issued by CAAC and to prevent damage or loss thereof.Article 20Foreign airline shall immediately submit a written report to CAAC in the event that the operating permit is damaged or lost and shall file an application for the duplicate of the original copy.Article 21Foreign airline shall not alter, transfer, lease or trade the operating permit issued by CAAC. The operating permit which is altered, transferred, leased or traded shall be deemed null and void.CHARPTER 6APPLICATION FOR AND APPROVAL OF FLIGHT SCHEDULEArticle 22Foreign airline, while in the course of providing air services pursuant to the operating permit issued by CAAC, shall file application to CAAC for flight schedules by IATA Northern Summer and Winter Scheduling season in accordance with the prescribed format and contents no later than 60 days before beginning of the new season. CAAC will, after examining the flight schedules according to this Regulation, make a decision on approval or disapproval. If foreign airline fails to apply for flight schedules within the time limit, it shall be deemed as suspending the operation.Article 23Flight schedules shall include air route, weekly frequency, operation days, flight number, type of aircraft, and information about whether flight is operated by using wet-leased aircraft and by way of code-sharing arrangement etc. Article 24 Foreign airline shall not make arbitrary change to flight schedules during the period of operation in each season. If change to flight schedules is required due to commercial reasons, the foreign airline shall submit application to CAAC no later than 30 days before the date when the change is proposed to make, and such change can be made only after the approval is granted. Article 25 If temporary change to flight schedules is required due to weather, mechanical or other operational conditions, the foreign airline shall immediately submit an application to CAAC and the change can be made only after the approval is granted. Article 26 Foreign airline shall operate the specified route between point in the foreign country and point in the People’s Republic of China as per the flight schedules approved by CAAC. If foreign airline plans to suspend the operation of all or part of the specified routes due to commercial reasons, a written notice with reasons shall be submitted to CAAC. If foreign airline suspends the operation without any prior notification, flight schedules for a new season submitted by the foreign airline shall not be approved by CAAC. Article 27 If temporary extra section flight is required due to the market demand, foreign airline shall submit application to CAAC no later than 5 working days before the proposed operation date. The extra section flight can be operated only after the approval is granted, unless otherwise provided in the bilateral Air Services Agreement or the relevant agreement. Except for special circumstances, the number of weekly extra section flights to be applied for by foreign airline shall not exceed the number of the scheduled flights. CAAC does not grant approval of the application for fixed extra section flights submitted by foreign airline. CHARPTER 7 STATISTICS OF TRAFFIC VOLUME Article 28 After commencing operation of the specified routes in accordance with the provisions of the operating permit, foreign airline shall, by the 15th of each month, provide CAAC with thestatistical data of the route traffic volume carried in the precious month according to the requirements as stated in the Statistical Reporting Form for Traffic Volume Carried by Foreign Air Carriers which is attached to this Regulation. The foreign airline shall be responsible for the accuracy, authenticity and completeness of the statistical data. CHARPTER 8 LEGAL LIABILITY Article 29 CAAC will withdraw the operating permit and impose a fine of less than RMB 30,000 yuan if foreign airline obtains an operating permit by improper means of fraud or bribery etc. The applicant shall not reapply for operating permit within three years as of the day when the operating permit is withdrawn and shall be subject to investigation for criminal responsibilities according to law if the case constitutes a crime. Article 30 CAAC will, according to law, give a warning and impose a fine of less than RMB 30,000 yuan if foreign airline, in violation of the provisions of Article 8 of this Regulation, fails to notify CAAC in writing of the changed information in time. Article 31 CAAC will, according to law, give a warning and impose a fine of less than RMB 30,000 yuan if foreign airline, in violation of the provisions of Article 21 of this Regulation, alters, transfers, leases or trades the operating permit. CAAC will withhold or cancel the operating permit under aggravating circumstances; and the foreign airline shall be investigated for criminal responsibilities if the case constitutes a crime. Article 32 CAAC will, according to law, give a warning and impose a fine of less than RMB 30,000 yuan if foreign airline, in violation of the provisions of Article 24 of this Regulation, arbitrary changes flight schedules without obtaining approval. CAAC will withhold or cancel the operating permit under aggravating circumstances. Article 33 CAAC will, according to law, give a warning and impose a fine of less than RMB 30,000 yuan if foreign airline, in violation of the provisions of Articles 28 of this Regulation, postpones the reporting, conceals relevant information, provides with false documents or refuses to provide with the actualities or data which can reflect its operational activities. CAAC will withhold or cancel the operating permit under aggravating circumstances; and foreign airline shall be investigated forcriminal responsibilities if the case constitutes a crime. Article 34 Foreign airline, in violation of the provisions of other laws, regulations or rules shall be investigated for responsibilities in accordance with relevant provisions. CHARPTER 9 SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISONS Article 35 This Regulation shall be referred to and implemented when the air transport enterprises of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Region of the People’s Republic of China apply for operating permit. Article 36 Scheduled operation between Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administration Region, Taiwan Region of the People’s Republic of China and foreign country shall be subject to relevant laws and procedures. Article 37 This Regulation shall enter into force after 30 days as of the day when it is promulgated. The Provisional Application Procedures for Operating Permit by Foreign Airlines promulgated on March 2, 1996 under document Ref. of Minhang Yunhan No. [1996]243 are hereby abolished. -END- (Note: This English translation is only for reference. In case of discrepancy between the English translation and the original Chinese text, the Chinese text shall prevail..。

英国民航法（中英文实用版）Title: British Civil Aviation LawTitle: 英国民航法Paragraph 1:The British Civil Aviation Law is a comprehensive set of regulations that govern the operation of civil aircraft within the United Kingdom.It is designed to ensure the safety and security of passengers, crew, and the general public, as well as to promote the efficient and orderly development of air transport.The law is enforced by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), which is responsible for regulating and monitoring all aspects of civil aviation in the UK.第一段：英国民航法是一套全面的法规，规定了在英国境内民用飞机的运行。

它旨在确保乘客、机组人员和公众的安全与安保，同时促进民用航空运输的高效和有序发展。

该法律由民航管理局（CAA）执行，负责监管和监督英国民用航空的各个方面。

Paragraph 2:The British Civil Aviation Law covers a wide range of topics, including aircraft registration, airworthiness, pilot licensing, air navigation, and environmental protection.It also includes provisions for the investigation and handling of aircraft accidents and incidents, as well as regulationsgoverning the operation of air traffic control and the use of airspace.第二段：英国民航法涵盖了广泛的主题，包括飞机注册、适航性、飞行员执照、空中导航和环境保护。

精品合同协议，仅供参考，需要可下载使用！AIRCRAFT SERVICE AGREEMENT飞机服务中英双语协议This agreement was made on 2019 between该协议由以下两方签署在2019年月日签署：1., a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong with limited liability and whose registered office is situated at (“Client”) and，由香港法律监管的有限责任公司，注册办公所在地位于（以下简称“客户”），以及2.CO., LIMITED（original name：）(“Service Provider”) with registered office at ;This Agreement sets out the terms and conditions upon which the Service Provider will manage Client’s Aircraft described below. This Agreement consists of the Major Commercial Terms below, with the General Terms and Conditions attached.有限责任公司（原名为：）（以下简称“服务公司”），注册办公所在地位于。

此协议将根据下列条款及细则，由飞机服务公司为客户管理飞机。

此协议将含有“主要商务条款”以及“一般条款和条件”。

CLIENT HAS BEEN ADVISED TO, AND DID REVIEW NOT ONLY THE MAJOR COMMERICAL TERMS BUT ALSO THE GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS AND ANY APPENDICES TO THIS AGREEMENT, AND BY EXECUTING THIS AGREEMENT AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ALL OF THEM.客户已经了解此协议内所列明的所有相关条款及细则并同意履行所有协议内容。

---WAIVER AND RELEASE OF LIABILITY AGREEMENTIN CONSIDERATION OF:The undersigned ("Passenger") being permitted to participate in an aviation activity (the "Activity") provided by [Airline/Operator Name] ("Operator").I, the undersigned, for myself, my heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, hereby agree as follows:1. Acknowledgment of Risk: I acknowledge that aviation activitiesinvolve inherent risks, including but not limited to, the risk of injury, illness, or death due to mechanical failure, weather conditions, pilot error, and other unforeseen events.2. Waiver of Liability: I hereby waive any and all claims against the Operator, its officers, directors, employees, agents, andrepresentatives (collectively, the "Released Parties") for any liability arising out of or in any way connected with my participation in the Activity, including but not limited to, any claims for personal injury, property damage, or wrongful death.3. Release of Claims: I release and forever discharge the Released Parties from any and all liability, claims, demands, causes of action,or suits arising out of or in any way connected with my participation in the Activity.4. Indemnification: I agree to indemnify and hold harmless the Released Parties from and against any and all claims, liabilities, losses, damages, or expenses (including reasonable attorney's fees) arising out of or in any way connected with my participation in the Activity.5. Force Majeure: I understand that the Operator may be unable toperform its obligations under this Agreement due to acts of God, war, strikes, labor disputes, civil disturbances, or any other cause beyondits reasonable control. I agree that the Operator shall not be liablefor any failure to perform its obligations due to such events.6. Entire Agreement: This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the Passenger and the Operator with respect to the Activity and supersedes all prior agreements, understandings, or representations, whether written or oral.7. Governing Law: This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of [Jurisdiction].8. Signature: I hereby acknowledge that I have read, understand, and voluntarily agree to the terms of this Waiver and Release of Liability Agreement. This Agreement is binding upon myself, my heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns.Date: _______________Signature of Passenger: ___________________________Printed Name of Passenger: ___________________________---请确保在签署此类协议之前，所有相关方都已充分理解其内容，并在必要时咨询法律专业人士。

中华人民共和国政府和美利坚合众国政府民用航空运输协定中华人民共和国政府和美利坚合众国政府，希望发展两国的相互关系，增进两国人民的友谊，便利国际航空运输；按照一九七八年十二月十五日中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国建立外交关系的联合公报的精神：遵循相互尊重独立和主权、互不干涉内政、平等互利和友好合作的原则；认识到双方按本协定应在权利和利益方面享有合理平衡的重要性；作为一九四四年十二月七日在芝加哥开放签字的《国际民用航空公约》的参加国；就建立和经营涉及两国领土的航空运输达成协议如下：第一条定义本协定中：(一)“航空当局”中华人民共和国方面指中国民用航空总局；美利坚合众国方面，根据职权范围分别指民用航空委员会或运输部；或双方均指受权执行上述当局目前行使的职能的其他任何当局或机构；(二)“协定”，指本协定及其附件以及对协定和附件做出的任何修改；(三)“公约”，指一九四四年十二月七日在芝加哥开放签字的《国际民用航空公约》，包括：——根据该公约第九十四条第一款业已生效、并且已经双方批准的任何修改；——根据该公约第九十条所通过的、对双方均有效的任何附件或其修改；(四)“空运企业”，指提供或经营国际航班的任何航空运输企业；(五)“指定空运企业”，指根据本协定第三条经指定并获准的空运企业；(六)“航班”，指为取酬或出租以飞机从事旅客、行李、货物或邮件的公共运输的单项或混合定期航班；(七)“国际航班”，指经过一个以上国家领土上空的航班；(八)“非运输业务性经停”，指目的不在于上下旅客、行李、货物或邮件的降停。

第二条权利的给予一、各方给予另一方本协定规定的权利，以便其指定空运企业在本协定附件一规定的航线上建立和经营定期航班。

此类航线和航班以下分别称为“规定航线”和“协议航班”。

二、在不违反本协定规定的情况下，各方指定空运企业在规定航线上经营协议航班时享有下列权利：(一)在另一方领土内规定航线上的地点经停，以便上下国际旅客、行李、货物和邮件；(二)经另一方航空当局同意，在另一方领土内规定航线上的地点作非运输业务性经停。

双边适航协议本协议通过交换照会生效，在北京于1991年10月8日和14日签署，并于1991年10月14日生效美利坚合众国驻中华人民共和国特命全权大使芮效俭先生阁下阁下：我谨收到阁下一九九一年十月八日的照会，内容如下：“我荣幸地提及最近我们两国政府的代表对于中华人民共和国、美利坚合众国（以下称‘缔约双方’）政府之间关于进口民用航空产品的适航审定、批准或认可及在此事上的合作问题的协议的讨论。

我的理解是，下列即为这项协议的内容：一、目的本协议的目的是：方便进口方民用适航当局对在中美两国之间进出口的民用航空产品的适航审定、批准或认可；规定缔约双方当局之间为此所需制定的程序并适应新出现的民用航空产品多国设计、生产和交换的趋势；以及为了保持相同的安全目标而进行合作。

二、基础（一）为使本协议切实可行，缔约各方已确定缔约另一方为民用航空产品的生产和适航审定、批准或认可所用的标准和系统，在本协议范围内充分等效于本国的标准和系统；（二）缔约各方同意采用一定程序从缔约另一方出口的民用航空产品以适航证、批准书或认可证书，以便出口方民用适航当局在给予该产品本国证书时对其所认可或颁发的检验证明、符合性标记和各种证书给予最大可行的信任；并且（三）为了促进航空安全，缔约双方同意鼓励其民用适航当局与缔约另一方的民用适航当局之间为达到共同的安全目标而进行相互合作和帮助，同意建立和保持尽可能类似于缔约另一方的适航标准和审定系统，并且同意进行合作，以有效地履行缔约各方的适航责任，同时通过避免重复的评估和检验，把强加于缔约各方的航空工业和营运人的经济负担减至最小。

三、范围本协议适用于：（一）中方民用适航当局对于美方民用适航当局作为基本型号审定当局的民用航空产品的型号设计批准书予以认可；（二）一旦美方民用航空当局确认中方的适航系统有能力产生同等的结果，并类似于美方的系统，美方民用适航当局对于中方民用适航当局作为基本型号审定当局的民用航空产品的型号设计批准书予以认可；（三）美方民用适航当局对于根据与美国制造人订有许可协议而有制造权利的中国制造人或在另一国家的制造人（该国与美国有相互认可型号设计证书协议）因订有许可协议而对美国型号证书持有制造权利的民用航空产品的生产批准书和适航证书或批准书予以认可；（四）技术合作和援助，包括缔约双方民用适航当局之间在制订和保持同等安全标准并应用同等审定系统方面交换情报。