西安交通大学实验报告一.实验目的（1）掌握使用虚函数实现多态性；（2）掌握运算符重载的方法。
二.实验内容（1）实验题目一：课后习题11.源代码：#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Mammal{public:virtual void Speak(){cout<<"哺乳动物是怎么叫？"<<endl;}};class Dog:public Mammal{public:void Speak(){cout<<"汪！汪！汪！"<<endl;}};int main(){Mammal *p,obj;cout<<"哺乳动物类对象调用函数输出结果:"<<endl;obj.Speak();Dog dog;cout<<"狗类对象调用函数输出结果:"<<endl;dog.Speak();cout<<"将狗类对象的地址赋给哺乳动物类指针，然后调用函数输出结果:"<<endl;p=&dog;p->Speak();return 0;}2.实验结果：（2）实验题目二：课后习题21.源代码：#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Painting{private:char author[20];char name[20];int year;double width;double height;public:Painting(char au[20],char na[20],int ye,double wi,double he) {strcpy(author,au);strcpy(name,na);year=ye;width=wi;height=he;}void show(){cout<<"作品作者为:"<<author<<endl;cout<<"作品标题为:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"诞生年份为:"<<year<<endl;cout<<"所属分类为:Painting"<<endl;cout<<"画的宽为"<<width<<","<<"高为"<<height<<endl;}};class Music{public:char author[20];char name[20];int year;char xinxi[20];Music(char au[20],char na[20],int ye,char xin[20]){strcpy(author,au);strcpy(name,na);year=ye;strcpy(xinxi,xin);}void show(){cout<<"作品作者为:"<<author<<endl;cout<<"作品标题为:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"诞生年份为:"<<year<<endl;cout<<"所属分类为:Music"<<endl;cout<<"歌曲的关键信息为:"<<xinxi<<endl;}};class Chamber:public Music{private:int number;public:Chamber(char aut[20],char nam[20],int yea,char xinx[20],int num):Music(aut,nam,yea,xinx){number=num;}void show(){cout<<"作品作者为:"<<author<<endl;cout<<"作品标题为:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"诞生年份为:"<<year<<endl;cout<<"所属分类为:Chamber"<<endl;cout<<"作品的关键信息为:"<<xinxi<<endl;cout<<"演奏人员的数目为:"<<number<<endl;}};int main(){Painting p("齐白石","虾",1956,10,11);Music m("周杰伦","七里香",2000,"流行");Chamber c("肖邦","夜曲",1846,"钢琴曲",1);cout<<"画作的信息:"<<endl;p.show();cout<<"音乐的信息:"<<endl;m.show();cout<<"Chamber类对象的信息:"<<endl;c.show();return 0;}2.实验结果：（3）实验题目三：课后习题51.源代码：#include<iostream>using namespace std;class juzhen{private:double a1,a2,a3,b1,b2,b3,c1,c2,c3;public:juzhen(double a,double b,double c,double m,double n,double p,double x,double y,double z){a1=a;a2=b;a3=c;b1=m;b2=n;b3=p;c1=x;c2=y;c3=z;}juzhen operator +(juzhen ju){a1+=ju.a1;a2+=ju.a2;a3+=ju.a3;b1+=ju.b1;b2+=ju.b2;b3+=ju.b3;c1+=ju.c1;c2+=ju.c2;c3+=ju.c3;return *this;}juzhen operator -(juzhen j){a1-=j.a1;a2-=j.a2;a3-=j.a3;b1-=j.b1;b2-=j.b2;b3-=j.b3;c1-=j.c1;c2-=j.c2;c3-=j.c3;return *this;}void show(){cout<<a1<<" "<<a2<<" "<<a3<<endl;cout<<b1<<" "<<b2<<" "<<b3<<endl;cout<<c1<<" "<<c2<<" "<<c3<<endl;}};int main(){juzhen ju1(1,2,5,4,5,6,6,7,9),ju3(1,2,5,4,5,6,6,7,9);double m1,m2,m3,m4,m5,m6,m7,m8,m9;cout<<"第一个矩阵为:"<<endl;ju1.show();cout<<"请输入第二个矩阵的各元素值:"<<endl;cin>>m1>>m2>>m3>>m4>>m5>>m6>>m7>>m8>>m9;juzhen ju2(m1,m2,m3,m4,m5,m6,m7,m8,m9);cout<<"第二个矩阵为:"<<endl;ju2.show();cout<<"两个矩阵的和为:"<<endl;ju1=ju1+ju2;ju1.show();cout<<"两个矩阵的差为:"<<endl;ju3=ju3-ju2;ju3.show();return 0;}2.实验结果：（4）实验题目四：定义二元一次方程组类，增加构造函数、+函数、-函数，==判相等函数，仍然保持原来求根函数、输出该二元一次方程组函数，并编写主函数测试各成员函数。
提示：两个二元一次方程组对应相加和对应相减仍然是一个二元一次方程组1.源代码:#include<iostream>#include<cmath>using namespace std;class fun{private:double a,b,c,d,e,f;public:fun(double u,double v,double w,double x,double y,double z){a=u;b=v;c=w;d=x;e=y;f=z;}void print(){cout<<"方程组为:"<<" ";cout<<a<<"X+"<<b<<"Y="<<c<<" ";cout<<d<<"X+"<<e<<"Y="<<f<<endl;}void solution(){double n=a*e-d*b;if(n==0){if(a*f-d*c==0)cout<<"方程组有无数组解"<<endl;elsecout<<"方程组无解"<<endl;}else{cout<<"方程组有唯一解:"<<" ";cout<<"X="<<(c*e-b*f)/n<<" ";cout<<"Y="<<(a*f-d*c)/n<<" "<<endl;}}fun operator + (fun F1){this->a+=F1.a;this->b+=F1.b;this->c+=F1.c;this->d+=F1.d;this->e+=F1.e;this->f+=F1.f;return *this;}fun operator - (fun F2){this->a-=F2.a;this->b-=F2.b;this->c-=F2.c;this->d-=F2.d;this->e-=F2.e;this->f-=F2.f;return *this;}void operator ==(fun F3){if(this->a==F3.a&&this->b==F3.b&&this->c==F3.c&&this->d==F3.d&&this->e==F3.e&& this->f==F3.f)cout<<"两个方程组相等"<<endl;elsecout<<"两个方程组不相等"<<endl;}~fun(){};};int main(){double a,b,c,d,e,f,a1,b1,c1,d1,e1,f1;cout<<"输入两个方程组的系数："<<endl;cin>>a>>b>>c>>d>>e>>f>>a1>>b1>>c1>>d1>>e1>>f1;fun fun1(a,b,c,d,e,f),fun2(a1,b1,c1,d1,e1,f1),fun3(a1,b1,c1,d1,e1,f1);cout<<"初始的两个方程组分别为："<<endl;fun1.print();fun2.print();fun1==fun2;cout<<"两方程组相加得到的新方程组为："<<endl;fun2=fun2+fun1;fun2.print();fun2.solution();cout<<"两方程组相减得到的新方程组为:"<<endl;fun1=fun1-fun3;fun1.print();fun1.solution();return 0;}2.实验结果：（5）实验题目五：给自定义虚数类增加运算符*、/、++、--、==重载，注意++和--分前置和后置两种情况，编写主函数加以测试。
