复习语法专项——分词学案
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初中分词讲解教案教学目标:1. 让学生理解分词的概念和作用;2. 让学生掌握常用的分词方法;3. 培养学生正确使用分词的能力。
教学重点:1. 分词的概念和作用;2. 常用的分词方法。
教学难点:1. 分词的准确运用;2. 不同语境下的分词选择。
教学准备:1. PPT课件;2. 相关练习题。
教学过程:一、导入(5分钟)1. 引导学生回顾学过的词性知识,如名词、动词、形容词等;2. 提问:同学们知道分词吗?分词在句子中有什么作用?二、讲解分词的概念和作用(10分钟)1. 讲解分词的概念:分词是汉语中的一种特殊的词类,它是由动词或形容词派生而来,具有表示动作或状态的作用;2. 讲解分词的作用:分词在句子中可以作为状语、定语等,用来修饰动词、形容词或其他词类,使句子更加详细、生动。
三、讲解常用的分词方法(10分钟)1. 按照动作的执行者分为:主动分词和被动分词;2. 按照动作的性质分为:趋向分词和状态分词;3. 按照动作的时间分为:过去分词和现在分词;4. 按照动作的频率分为:一次分词和多次分词。
四、举例讲解分词的运用(10分钟)1. 主动分词的运用:他跑得很快。
(他跑,得很快)2. 被动分词的运用:书被我借走了。
(书被我,借走了)3. 趋向分词的运用:他朝着教室走去。
(他朝着,教室走去)4. 状态分词的运用:她的脸色很苍白。
(她的脸色,很苍白)5. 过去分词的运用:我已经吃过饭了。
(我已经,吃过饭了)6. 现在分词的运用:她正在看书。
(她正在,看书)7. 一次分词的运用:他看了一次电影。
(他看,了一次电影)8. 多次分词的运用:他已经看了三次电影。
(他已经,看了三次电影)五、练习巩固(10分钟)1. 让学生根据句子意思,选择合适的前置词;2. 让学生根据句子意思,选择合适的分词。
六、课堂小结(5分钟)1. 回顾本节课所学内容,让学生总结分词的概念和作用;2. 让学生谈谈自己对本节课分词知识的理解和体会。
.分词(现在分词、过去分词)导学案(原创)By William From No.2 Secondary School of Ji ’an County【导学目标】:1.了解现在分词、过去分词的形式2.了解分词在句子的不同功能3.在不同情境中熟练运用分词【学习重点】:分词作后置定语及分词作状语的功能 【学习难度】:现在分词与过去分词的用法区别 【导学流程】:导—思---议----展---评----检-----练Step one Leading非谓语动词是中学语法中一个非常重要的知识,其中分词是历年高考考查的重点语法。
Step two Thinking 、Discussing 、presentingI Read the following sentences ,pay attention to the expressions and tell what function does each principle act1.The news that Zhang Jike was defeated by Zhangben Zhihe was disappointing.2.Thefans of Zhang Jike were very disappointed when they learned that Zhang Jike was defeated by Zhangben Zhihe in the final match of the Japanese Table Tennis Tournament.思考与归纳:根据英语基本句型成分构成可知,例句1中的disappointing 和例句2中disappointed 均位于________之后,因此在句子作________. 由上述两个例子可以看出,当主语为物质名词时,表语通常为________,表示_______________;当主语为________时,表语通常为_______,表示________________这也是现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别。
现在分词复习学案定稿时间:2021-6-1班级:_______ 组别:____________ 组名:___________ 姓名:___________ 【学习目标】通过独学,对学,群学和查找资料掌握现在分词的根本用法及句法功能。
【重点难点】弄清现在分词的语法功能尤其是现在分词作状语及独立主格结构。
【学法指导】老师精析语法,学生领悟用法,并用相关术语分析解题。
【自主学习】一、定义:分词是既有动词的特征又有形容词和副词的功能的一种非谓语动词,因而在句中可以做________、________、________和___________二、分词的分类:现在分词和_______________现在分词表示主动和进行,过去分词表示被动、承受、完成和状态。
三、划出以下句中的分词形式,判断其在句中的作用1、The fim i moving2、The running bo i m tudent3、There are man ta tree urrounding the wooden houe4、een from the to ae a change9 The earthquae haidnight ________ caue great damageworer had the machine _______run a night ong to finih the wor on time二、选出最正确答案1 The net morning he found the man in bed _____ deadA ingB ieC aD Laing2 _________ o he had to be ent to hoother wa iC Her mother i iD Having been i3 On hearing the bad new he got uan _________ abroad for twent ear i onthe wa bac to hi motherand A to wor B woring C to have wored D having wored5 _____ a re the toountain ________A the view of the cit i wonderfuB we coud ee the whoe citC the whoe cit coud be eenD the whoe cit ma be een7 Time ____ I wi go on a it B to it C itted D itting8Thi i an ______ other continent for miion of ear,Autraia ha man a not found in an other countr in the word A Being earated B Having earatedC Having been earatedD Have earated。
课程名称:高中英语词汇教学课时:2课时教学目标:1. 知识目标:使学生掌握英语分词的概念、种类和用法。
2. 能力目标:培养学生运用分词进行句子成分分析和句子改写的技能。
3. 情感目标:激发学生对英语学习的兴趣,增强学生的自信心。
教学重点:1. 英语分词的概念和种类。
2. 分词的用法和句子成分分析。
教学难点:1. 分词的时态、语态和程度的变化。
2. 分词在句子中的不同用法和句子改写。
教学准备:1. 多媒体课件2. 分词练习题3. 词汇卡片教学过程:第一课时一、导入1. 通过展示一些含有分词的句子,引导学生回顾分词的概念。
2. 引导学生思考分词在句子中的作用。
二、新课导入1. 讲解分词的概念:分词是由动词或形容词变化而来的,可以独立使用的词。
2. 讲解分词的种类:现在分词、过去分词、现在分词的完成式、过去分词的完成式。
3. 讲解分词的用法:a. 作为定语;b. 作为状语;c. 作为补语;d. 作为独立主格结构。
三、练习1. 学生根据所学知识,完成分词种类和用法的练习题。
2. 教师巡视指导,纠正错误。
四、课堂小结1. 总结本节课所学内容。
2. 强调分词在句子中的作用。
第二课时一、复习1. 复习上一节课所学内容,提问学生分词的概念、种类和用法。
2. 学生回答问题,教师点评。
二、新课讲解1. 讲解分词的时态、语态和程度的变化:a. 现在分词的时态、语态和程度变化;b. 过去分词的时态、语态和程度变化。
2. 讲解分词在句子中的不同用法和句子改写。
三、练习1. 学生根据所学知识,完成分词时态、语态和程度变化的练习题。
2. 教师巡视指导,纠正错误。
四、课堂小结1. 总结本节课所学内容。
2. 强调分词在句子中的作用和句子改写的方法。
五、布置作业1. 完成课后练习题。
2. 收集一些含有分词的句子,分析分词在句子中的作用。
教学反思:1. 关注学生的学习情况,及时调整教学策略。
2. 鼓励学生积极参与课堂活动,提高学生的学习兴趣。
高三英语语法复习教案:分词复习教案
【摘要】教案是整个课程的大纲,使得学生更有逻辑的调理的理解其讲课内容。
高三英语教案栏目小编也特意为您编辑了此文:“高三英语语法复习教案:分词复习教案”祝您浏览愉快。
本文题目:高三英语语法复习教案:分词复习教案
9、分词
分词既有动词的特征,由有形容词和副词的特征。
分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。
现在分词有一般式和完成式,过去分词没有这种区别。
及物动词的现在分词还有主动形式和被动形式的区别。
分词常用的形式如表所示(以及物动词do 和不及物动词go 为例):
do go
主动被动
现在分词doing being done going
过去分词/ done gone
完成式having done having been done /。
初中英语语法分词讲解教案一、教学目标:1. 让学生掌握分词的基本概念和用法。
2. 培养学生正确运用分词的能力,提高句子表达的准确性和丰富性。
3. 通过对分词的讲解和练习,激发学生对英语语法的兴趣,提高学生的英语水平。
二、教学内容:1. 分词的分类及特点2. 分词的用法和注意事项3. 分词在句子中的作用和实例分析三、教学过程:1. 导入:通过一个简单的句子,引导学生发现分词的存在,并提问:“什么是分词?”2. 讲解分词的基本概念:分词是英语中的一种独立词性,包括现在分词和过去分词。
现在分词表示主动和进行,过去分词表示被动和完成。
3. 讲解分词的用法:分词可以作为状语、定语、补语等。
状语表示时间、原因、条件等;定语表示所属、修饰等;补语表示补充说明。
4. 讲解分词的注意事项:分词前面需要有明确的逻辑主语;分词与其逻辑主语之间要有适当的连接词;分词在句子中不能单独存在。
5. 实例分析:通过多个例子,分析分词在句子中的作用和用法。
6. 练习:让学生分组,互相造句,运用分词,然后进行展示和讨论。
7. 总结:对本节课的内容进行总结,强调分词的重要性和用法。
四、教学评价:1. 课堂参与度:观察学生在课堂上的积极参与情况和提问回答。
2. 练习完成情况:检查学生完成练习的情况,纠正错误并给予反馈。
3. 课后作业:布置相关作业,巩固所学内容,要求学生在作业中正确运用分词。
五、教学延伸:1. 讲解其他词性的用法,如动词、名词、形容词等。
2. 结合语篇,讲解分词在实际应用中的重要性。
3. 组织学生进行英语语法知识竞赛,提高学生的学习兴趣和积极性。
通过本节课的教学,使学生掌握分词的基本概念、用法和注意事项,提高学生在句子中正确运用分词的能力,为后续英语学习打下坚实的基础。
英语语法复习教案之分词【基本概念】1.对英语动词的基本认识英语中动词的语法作用同汉语区别很大。
动词除了在句子中充当谓语之外,还常以非谓语的形式充当其他的句子成分。
按照动词是否充当谓语,我们可以把动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词两类。
每一类动词所包含的主要语法知识如下。
时态(按高考要求共九个时态)谓语动词语态(主动语态和被动语态)语气(陈述语气和虚拟语气)主谓一致动词动词不定式非谓语动词分词(现在分词和过去分词)动名词非谓语动词是指不充当谓语而做其他句子成分的动词,凡是用作非谓语的动词在形式上都要有所变化,以区别于谓语动词。
2.分词的语法作用分词分现在分词和过去分词两类,具有形容词和副词的语法功能,在句子中可以充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
例1:The news that the Chinese team won the gold medal was very encouraging.(P.51, Senior Book 2B)句中的现在分词encouraging充当句子的表语。
例2:The people performing all play different instrument. (P.49, Senior Book2B)Polluted rivers and lakes have also been a cause of death. (P.52, Senior Book2A)现在分词performing作后置定语,修饰the people; 过去分词polluted作定语修饰rivers and lakes。
例3:So he left France, preferring to give up the fortune that would one day come to him, and went to live in English. (P.57, Senior Book2B)现在分词短语preferring to give up the fortune that would one day come to him 作状语,表示he left France and went to live in England 的原因。
分词做宾语补足语(完美高考复习教案)一、教学目标:1. 让学生掌握分词做宾语补足语的语法知识。
2. 培养学生运用分词做宾语补足语的能力。
3. 提高学生对英语句式的理解和运用。
二、教学内容:1. 分词做宾语补足语的定义和用法。
2. 分词做宾语补足语的分类:现在分词和过去分词。
3. 分词做宾语补足语的句子结构分析。
4. 分词做宾语补足语的常见搭配和例句。
5. 练习和巩固分词做宾语补足语的应用。
三、教学重点与难点:1. 重点:分词做宾语补足语的定义、用法和分类。
2. 难点:分词做宾语补足语的句子结构分析和应用。
四、教学方法:1. 讲授法:讲解分词做宾语补足语的定义、用法和分类。
2. 案例分析法:分析分词做宾语补足语的句子结构。
3. 练习法:通过练习巩固分词做宾语补足语的应用。
4. 互动法:学生提问、教师解答,共同探讨分词做宾语补足语的疑难问题。
五、教学过程:1. 导入:通过一个简单的句子引入分词做宾语补足语的概念。
2. 新课讲解:讲解分词做宾语补足语的定义、用法和分类。
3. 案例分析:分析一些分词做宾语补足语的句子结构。
4. 练习环节:布置一些练习题,让学生运用分词做宾语补足语的知识。
教学评价:通过课堂讲解、练习和互动,评价学生对分词做宾语补足语的掌握程度。
观察学生在练习中的表现,以及他们对分词做宾语补足语的应用能力。
六、教学策略与技巧:1. 采用生动的例句和实际语境,让学生更好地理解分词做宾语补足语的用法。
2. 使用图表或动画演示分词做宾语补足语的句子结构,帮助学生直观地把握。
3. 设计不同难度的练习题,满足不同学生的学习需求。
4. 鼓励学生积极参与讨论,提高他们的课堂参与度。
5. 及时给予反馈,指导学生纠正错误,提高学习效果。
七、教学实践与案例:1. 分析教材中的例句,讲解分词做宾语补足语的用法。
2. 提供一些生活中的实际语境,让学生判断哪些句子使用了分词做宾语补足语。
3. 让学生分组练习,互相纠正错误,提高团队合作能力。
十二、英语语法非谓语动词-分词分词是"非谓语动词"的另一种形式,它有两种形式:现在分词(Present Participle)和过去分词(Past Participle)。
要点提示:初学者在使用分词的时候往往有这样一种困惑--在选用分词去担当句子的某个成分时,不知道是选用它的现在分词形式,还是选用它的过去分词形式。
我们认为,要解决好这个问题必须首先要强化两个概念:1)分词的动作意义是一回事;而分词的形式又是一回事。
2)要分清现在分词与过去分词的区别。
因此,在讨论分词的句法作用之前,让我们先讨论一下这两个概念问题。
# 这里所说的"分词的动作意义"是指抛开它的形式,只谈"动作表达的意思"。
而"分词的形式"是指现在分词形式与过去分词形式。
如:当work作"工作" 的意义用时,无论working还是worked的"动作意义"都是"工作"。
同样,当do 作为"做"的意义用时,did和done的"动作意义"都是"做"。
这就是说,在决定"分词的形式"之前,先要利用"动作意义"去分析句子的意思,去分析"分词动作"与有关方面的词之间的关系。
根据不同的关系再来决定用分词的不同形式。
请看下面两个填空题的句子:A)I heard my brother ( singing , sung ) in the next room .B)I heard the song ( singing , sung ) in English .# 要分清现在分词与过去分词的区别。
分清现在分词与过去分词的区别是我们决定用何词形式的重要依据。
下面我们看看这两种分词形式的区别:现在分词:1)分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"主谓关系",即"主动态"。
分词做宾语补足语(完美高考复习教案)第一章:引言1.1 目的:让学生了解分词做宾语补足语的概念和重要性。
1.2 内容:介绍分词做宾语补足语的定义和作用。
1.3 教学方法:讲解法,实例分析法。
1.4 教学时间:40分钟。
第二章:分词做宾语补足语的构成2.1 目的:让学生掌握分词做宾语补足语的构成规则。
2.2 内容:介绍分词做宾语补足语的构成要素和语法规则。
2.3 教学方法:讲解法,练习法。
2.4 教学时间:40分钟。
第三章:分词做宾语补足语的用法3.1 目的:让学生掌握分词做宾语补足语的用法。
3.2 内容:介绍分词做宾语补足语在不同语境中的用法和意义。
3.3 教学方法:讲解法,实例分析法。
3.4 教学时间:40分钟。
第四章:分词做宾语补足语的常见错误4.1 目的:让学生了解并避免分词做宾语补足语的常见错误。
4.2 内容:分析分词做宾语补足语的常见错误类型和原因。
4.3 教学方法:讲解法,练习法。
4.4 教学时间:40分钟。
第五章:分词做宾语补足语的练习5.1 目的:让学生通过练习巩固分词做宾语补足语的知识。
5.2 内容:设计不同难度的练习题,让学生进行实际操作。
5.3 教学方法:练习法,讨论法。
5.4 教学时间:40分钟。
第六章:分词做宾语补足语在阅读理解中的应用6.1 目的:让学生了解分词做宾语补足语在阅读理解中的重要性。
6.2 内容:分析分词做宾语补足语在阅读理解中的作用和意义。
6.3 教学方法:讲解法,实例分析法。
6.4 教学时间:40分钟。
第七章:分词做宾语补足语在写作中的应用7.1 目的:让学生掌握如何在自己的写作中使用分词做宾语补足语。
7.2 内容:介绍分词做宾语补足语在写作中的用法和技巧。
7.3 教学方法:讲解法,实例分析法。
7.4 教学时间:40分钟。
第八章:分词做宾语补足语在听力理解中的应用8.1 目的:让学生了解分词做宾语补足语在听力理解中的重要性。
8.2 内容:分析分词做宾语补足语在听力理解中的作用和意义。
分词的复习———(Participle)1.分词的句法功能:可作______,________,________,_________1.分词作定语a.单个分词作定语,放在名词前,分词短语放在名词_______,相当于______从句。
Eg. The man standing at the window is our teacher.______________________________________________Polluted water and air are harmful to people’s health.________________________________________________●分词后置(i.分词词组;ii. 个别分词如given, left;iii. 修饰不定代词something等)Eg. There was a girl sitting there.This is the question given.There is nothing interesting.EX。
1). Don’t disturb the ________ (sleep) child.2). The dustman cleared away the _________(fall) leaves on the street.3). This is one of the problems ___________ (solve) at the meeting.4). He put the bag ___________ (contain) a lot of books on the desk.EX.Have you heard of the traffic accident ____________ yesterday?A. happenedB. happeningC. which happenedD. happenb. 现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行,或与谓语动作几乎一致,或表示某个经常的动作或状态,如果和过去时间连用则不合适,应该为定语从句。
XX届高三英语语法知识分词复习教案9、分词分词既有动词的特征,由有形容词和副词的特征。
分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。
现在分词有一般式和完成式,过去分词没有这种区别。
及物动词的现在分词还有主动形式和被动形式的区别。
分词常用的形式如表所示(以及物动词do和不及物动词go为例):dogo主动被动现在分词doingbeingdonegoing过去分词/donegone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone/9.1分词作定语不及物动词的现在分词作定语表达强调动作正在进行,过去分词强调完成;及物动词的现在分词作定语强调主动,过去分词强调被动。
分词的完成式一般不作定语。
分词作其他成分时,也是如此。
分词作定语,单个的分词作定语一般前置;分词词组,个别分词如given,left等,修饰不定代词等的分词,作定语需后置。
例如:wecanseetherisingsun.我们可以看到东升的旭日Heisaretiredworker. 他是位退休的工人Therewasagirlsittingthere. 有个女孩坐在那里Thisisthequestiongiven. 这是所给的问题Thereisnothinginteresting. 没有有趣的东西分词作定语相当于定语从句,如mostofthepeopleinvitedtothepartywerefamousscientist s.=mostofthepeoplewhowereinvitedtothepartywerefamou sscientists.典型例题1)Thefirsttextbook___forteachingEnglishasaforeignlang uagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havewrittenB.tobewritten c.beingwritten D.written答案D.书与写作是被动关系,应用过去分词做定语表被动,相当于定语从句whichwaswritten2)what\'sthelanguage____inGermany?A.speakingB.spoken c.bespoken D.tospeak答案B.主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
课题:高三年语法专项复习——分词复习目标1、什么是非谓语动词2、分词的主要功能和特征3、分词重难点:4、高考考察热点教学步骤:导入:(通过结合上节课复习过的句型,让学生关注分词。
既复习上节课内容,又把注意力转移到本节课的中心。
)大家公认…It is universally acknowledged that…..鉴于/考虑到Seeing that……据预测/估计It is predicted that…..与……比起来Compared with……权衡这两种观点,我认为…Weighing up these two opinions, I think that…...非谓语分词现在分词(表主动或正在进行)过去分词(表被动或完成)注意:过去式属于谓语动词。
(学生经常混淆过去式和过去分词)1.什么是非谓语动词As time goes on, he becomes more and more interested in science.Follow the road and you will find the hospital.______ the road , you will find the hospital.A.FollowB.FollowingC.To followD.Followed(and 是连词,前后被连接的两个成分须对称, 后面you will find the hospital.是一个句子,所以前面也必须是一个句子才能对称.(后面you will find the road 是一个完整的句子, 中间无连词,所以前面不能是句子,即非句子. 非句子当中,不可使用谓语,而须使用非谓语.)With time ________, he becomes more and more interestedin science.A.goes onB.going onC.gone onD.went on(as解释成“随着”引导时间状语丛句,须用谓语动词。
2023年初中英语语法之分词要点总结及专项训练分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词,具有形容词功能,同时又表现各种动词性特点,在句子中可以作状语,表语,宾补,定语等,用途非常广泛。
分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词,分为现在分词和过去分词两种,是一种非谓语动词形式,分词可以有自己的状语,宾语,逻辑主语。
作状语:分词作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、伴随等,且其逻辑主语需要与句中主语相一致。
eg. When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us.当离开机场时,她不停的向我们挥手Once recovered, he again devoted himself into work.一恢复身体他就再次投入工作作定语:作定语时,单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前,分词短语则置于被修饰词的后面。
eg. We will continue our project as soon as we get the added support.一旦拿到额外的援助,我们会尽快继续项目。
More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries.越来越多的发展中国家和发达国家建立了战略合作关系。
作表语:作表语时作用相当于形容词。
eg. Developing country.发展中国家。
A lot of confused idea .许多混乱的观念。
做宾语补足语:eg. I see her passing my window every day.我看见她每天经过我窗前。
We will have this works finished tomorrow.我们明天会完成这些工作。
现在分词的用法分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词,具有形容词功能,同时又表现各种动词性特点,在句子中可以作状语,表语,宾补,定语等,用途非常广泛,分为现在分词和过去分词两类,也就是动词的ing形式和ed形式。
高考英语语法--过去分词Dropped① on the ground,the cellphone’s screen was broken;though seen① in the distance,it still looked OK.Xiao Ming had to get it repaired②.However,to repair such a broken③ cellphone needed a lot of money.Xiao Ming was really worried④.二.重点分析1.过去分词作定语当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作已完成时,用done。
单个的过去分词作定语,往往放在被修饰词之前;过去分词短语作定语,常放在被修饰词之后。
the polluted water被污染的水a broken glass 一只打碎的玻璃杯the bridge completed last month上周竣工的大桥the flowers planted last year 去年种的花2.过去分词作状语其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,且主语是过去分词动作的承受者,过去分词与主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
Praised by the teacher,he looked very excited.受到了老师的表扬,他看起来很激动。
Seen from the top of the mountain,our city looks beautiful.从山顶上望去,我们的城市很美。
3.过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾语补足语时,宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是动宾关系,构成v t.+sb./sth.+done结构。
可以用于此结构的动词有:(1)感官动词see,watch,hear,feel,find,notice 等;(2)使役动词have,make,keep,leave,get等;(3)表示“想、希望、好恶”的单词,如want,wish,like等。
语法专项——非谓语动词之分词篇Learning goals:1. Grasp the use of the participle used as adverbial, attribute, object complement and predicative;2. Grasp the skills of how to distinguish the use of the present participal and the past participal.3. Understand the logical subject of the participal and its tense and voice.【每日背诵笑傲高考】1 .We should always bear in mind that if we are ignorant of our health for promotion, disease will gradually approach us with the help of tiredness.2.I looked for the history book because I wanted to find out when America was founded, and at last I found the dusty book in a dim room.3.There are so many reference books on this romantic poet for me to choose from that I can’t make up my mind which to choose.4.It seemed that the handsome actor was not a bit worried, but in fact, he was not a little concerned about the result of the investigation, which may destroy his bright future.5.Unluckily,the delegate felt so sleepy that he soon fell asleep without realizing that he had left his passport and the draft of his speech in the taxi.【考点分类探索规律】分词作状语一、现在分词作状语1. (2010上海) _______ the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.(时间状语)A. ApproachingB. ApproachedC. To approachD. To be approached2. (2012福建) Pressed from his parents,and _______ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(原因状语)A. realizingB. realizedC. to realizeD. being realized3. (2004广东) ______the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.(原因状语)A. Not completingB. Not completedC. Not having completedD. Having not completed4. (2005湖北) ______ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants andanimals not found in any other country in the world.(原因状语)A. Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated5. (2011北京) Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _______ on your feet.(条件状语)A. to keepB. keepingC. having keptD. to have kept6. (2007陕西) ______ that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her.(让步状语)A. To have saidB. Having saidC. to sayD. Saying7. (2011陕西) More highways have been built in China, _______ it much easier for people totravel from one place to another.(结果状语)A. makingB. madeC. to makeD. having made8. (2011辽宁) _______ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.(方式状语)A. GatherB. To gatherC. GatheringD. To be gathering9. (2010江西) The lady walked around the shops, _______ an eye out for bargains.(伴随状语)A. keepB. keptC. keepingD. to keep10. (2008浙江) ______ that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. (方式状语)A. Not realizedB. Not to realizeC. Not realizingD. Not to have realized11. (语法新思维)And that is where they were last seen, standing arm in arm on the desk, this devoted wife clinging courageously to her husband, this loving husband clinging protectively to his wife, as the ship sank.Together forever...(表补充说明)二、过去分词作状语1. (2011天津) _______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.(时间状语)A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated2. (2011四川) _______ an important role in the movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.(原因状语)A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offer3. (2012北京) _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.(条件状语)A. UseB. UsingC. UsedD. To use4. (2005全国) _______ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.(方式状语)A. FollowedB. Followed byC. Being followedD. Having been followed by5. Laughed at by everybody, he had my sympathy.(让步状语)三、独立分词结构作状语(1)名词+分词作状语1. (2012全国I) The party will be held in the garden, weather _______.(表条件)A. permittingB. to permitC. permittedD. permit2. (2011浙江) Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _______ a life span of around 20 years.(补充说明)A. havingB. hadC. haveD. to have3.All the money having been spent, we started looking for work.(表原因)4.(GRE改错)The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea travel, that man was Prince Henry, who lived in the 15th century. (表补充说明)5. (2007山东) The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ______ at the end of last March.A. has been launchedB. having been launchedC. being launchedD. to be launched比较下面两个句子:(1)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent of which ______ at the end of last March.A. has been launchedB. having been launchedC. was launchedD. to be launched(2)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the fourth ______ at the end of next March.A. has been launchedB. having been launchedC. being launchedD. to be launched(2)With+名词短语+分词作状语1. (2004北京) _______two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(原因状语)A. WithB. BesidesC. As forD. Because of2. (2012辽宁) The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _______ them. (方式或伴随状语)A. to followB. followingC. followedD. follows3. (2010山东)The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _______ for a meal to be cooked.(方式状语)A. laidB. layingC. to layD. being laid4. (2007安徽) John received an invitation to dinner, and with his book ______, he gladly accepted it(时间状语)A. finishedB. finishingC. having finishedD. was finished四、固定结构作状语1. 副词+speakingGenerally speaking, men are stronger than women.2.分词+介词Judging from his expression, he is in a lousy mood.Allowing for her inexperience, she has done a good job.Talking of English, she is the best speaker.Taking everything into consideration, they ought to win this game.3. 分词+(that)从句Considering/Allowing that she has no experience, she has done a good job.Considering how far from perfect most human brains are, there isn't much threat from a computer. Supposing there was a war, what would you do?Granting that he has made a mistake, he is not to blame, for he intended to help us.分词作定语现在分词作定语1. (2006四川) —Did you enjoy yourself at the party?—Yes, I’ve never been to ______ one before.(前置定语)A.a more excitedB. the most excitedC. a more excitingD. the most exciting2. (2012江西,) John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _______ him it.(分词短语作后置定语,相当于限制性定语从句)A. offeredB. offeringC. to offerD. to be offered3. (2011全国I) The next thing he saw was smoke _______ from behind the house.(相当于限制性定语从句)A. roseB. risingC. to riseD. risen4. (2012湖南) The lecture, _______ 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.(相当于非限制性定语从句)A. startingB. being startedC. to startD. to be started5. (2004江苏) The old man, ______ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.(相当于非限制性定语从句)A. to workB. workingC. to have workedD. having worked 过去分词作定语1. (语法新思维)Please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.(前置定语)2. (2012山东) After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______. (后置定语)A. providingB. providedC. having providedD. provide3. (2010全国I,) Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _______ from the library.(限定性定语)A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowedD. borrowing4. (2009全国I) Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ______?(限定性定语)A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take5. (2012上海) The club, _______ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.(非限定性定语)A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded分词作宾补现在分词作宾补1. (2012四川) I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to windB. windC. windingD. wound2. (2010湖南) Listen! Do you hear someone _______ for help?A. callingB. callC. to callD. called3. (2007全国I) I smell something ______ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?A. burningB. burntC. being burntD. to be burnt过去分词作宾补1. (2011浙江) Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _______ for words.A. loseB. lostC. to loseD. having lost2. (2012四川) Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.A. washedB. washC. washingD. to wash3. (2011重庆) Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _______ of his own dreams.A. remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. Remind4. When you are preparing for your college adventures abroad, its easy enough to make sure you get all the right forms filled out, have your passport ready, your bags packed, and your textbooks waiting for you at the other end, but how do you prepare for the adjustment to a new place? Especially, how to survive culture shock?(英语语法宏观研究)分词作表语现在分词作表语(2003上海) It is believed that if a book is ______, it will surely ______ the reader.A. interested; interestB. interesting; be interestedC. interested; be interestingD. interesting; interest过去分词作表语be+过去分词(2008上海) Officials say that few patients ______ with the virus owing to the effective prevention.A. infectedB. are infectedC. have infectedD. be infected remain+过去分词(2010福建) In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckD. to have stuckget+过去分词(2004全国) Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to ______ before the party.A. get changedB. get changeC. get changingD. get to change其他系动词+过去分词(2006安徽) Tom sounds very much ______ in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it.A. interestedB. interestingC. interestinglyD. interestedly【讨论探究思维提升】Task 1:谓语或非谓语的确定比较下面三个句子:(1) In the dark forest lie many lakes, some of them large enough to hold several English towns.(2) In the dark forest lie many lakes, and some of them are large enough to hold several English towns.(3) In the dark forest lie many lakes, some of which are large enough to hold several English towns.Practice:1. He walked down the hills, softly to himself.2. He walked down the hills, and softly to himself.A. singB. singsC. singingD. was singingTask 2:逻辑主语的确定判断下面句子的正误,并把错的改正过来。