2019中考英语二轮复习语法突破九动词及动词短语考点剖析讲义五四制(含参考答案)

2019中考英语二轮复习语法突破五四语法二代词语法考点剖析考点一人称代词1.人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格既可在句中作动词和介词的宾语，也可以在系动词之后作表语。

He knew where I was going.他知道我要去哪里。

I teach them English.我教他们英语。

The little girl in the picture is me.照片里的小女孩是我。

2．单数人称代词并列作主语时，排列顺序为第二人称、第三人称、第一人称，即you, he/she and I; 复数人称代词并列作主语时，排列顺序为第一人称、第二人称、第三人称，即we, you and they。

单项选择1．(2018·上海中考)My father is a good doctor. works hard to help his patients. A．He B．Him C．His D．Himself2．(2018·北京中考)My brother and I like football. play it together once a week. A．I B．They C．We D．You3．(2018·江苏扬州中考)—Who is the lady in red?—Miss Gao. She teaches English.A．we B．us C．our D．ours考点二物主代词1.形容词性物主代词不单独使用；名词性物主代词用来代替前面已经提到的名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”。

—Is this your bike？这是你的自行车吗？—No, it's her bike. Mine(＝My bike) is under the tree.不是，是她的自行车。

我的(自行车)在树下。

2．名词性物主代词可以与of连用作定语。

He is a friend of hers.他是她的一个朋友。

五四真题剖析(一)(2018·山东威海中考)用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空。

Drawing might help you thinkWhen you're sitting in class, have you ever drawn pictures in the margins of your notebooks?If so, your teacher might have told you 1. (stop). Many people think of doodling(涂鸦) as a distraction(精神涣散) from more important things. But it might be just the opposite.One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear. In 2009 researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message. One group2. (encourage) to doodle, but the other was not. Neither group knew that it would be asked to remember information from the message. But the group that doodled remembered 29 percent more.Other people 3. (suggest) other uses for drawing. Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it. When you come back, you4. (have) a fresh perspective and figure out an answer more quickly.Two years ago, an author named Sunni Brown 5. (write) a book on doodling. She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people thin k. She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing, but she wants to change that. In fact, she runs a business that helps companies improve organization and planning through doodling. Brown 6. (believe) doodling is helpful because it incorporates(整合) many ways of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading or writing, and through movement. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodlewhile you 7. (listen) to a lecture, you use all four.You might think that being good at 8. (draw) is important for doodling. But if the point of doodling is to help you think, then it doesn't matter what the picture looks like. Even if you're not an artist, doodling can help you. So next time you need help focusing, pick up a pen and doodle away!【答案及解析】1．to stop tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”。

⑥in短语 arrive in 到达
call in 拜访
believe in 信任；信赖 hand in 交上；提交；呈 送 join in 参加（=take part
或沮丧
write down 写下；记 下
in）
⑦off短语
keep off 避开；让开 clean…off 把……擦掉
⑧about短语 think about 考虑 care about 关心；在意 talk about 谈论；讨论；议论 worry about 担心；烦恼
take in 吸入；吞入（体内)
飞
take off 脱下（衣服等）；起
take up 从事（工作、兴趣爱好等）；着手处理
⑥turn短语 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉 turn out 结果是
turn up 调高（声音）
turn over 翻身；翻转 turn down 调低（声音） turn around 转身；调头
调查
⑬of短语 hear of 听说 think of 思考；考虑
⑭over短语
fall over 绊倒
⑮to短语 belong to 属于
listen to 听……
stick to 坚持；固守 talk to 跟……说 add…to 把……加到……上 lead to 导致；通向
lend…to… 借……给……
put down 记下；镇压
put into 把……放进；使进入 put on 穿上（戴上）；上演；增加（体重） put up 张贴（广告等）；搭建；举起
②look短语 look at 看 look for 寻找
look after 照顾
look through 浏览 look up 查找；查询 look around 向四周看

五四语法五数词和主谓一致语法考点剖析考点一基数词1．基数词的读法。

①纯数字的读法。

千位数与百位数之间不加任何连接词；百位数与十位数或个位数之间用and连接；十位数与个位数用“­”连接，如54，968读作fifty­four thousand, nine hundred and sixty­eight。

②表示时间的读法。

1)直接读法：先读小时，后读分钟3：25 three twenty­five2)间接读法：a)≤30分钟：分钟＋past＋小时3：25 twenty­five p ast threeb)>30分钟： (60－分钟)＋to＋(小时数＋1)3：55 five to fourc)15 minutes＝a quarter 30 minutes＝half an hour6：15 a quarter past six 6：30 half past six6：45 a quarter to seven③表示具体年份的读法。

两位一读，如2015读作twenty fifteen2．基数词复数可以表示岁数或年代，如in his twenties他20多岁时， in 1980s在20世纪80年代。

3．基数词表示顺序时，放在名词之后，如Grade 7七年级， Room 214 214房间，要注意名词首字母要大写。

4．“基数词＋名词(＋形容词)”构成复合形容词，此时名词为单数，如a sixteen­year­old girl一个16岁的女孩。

5．数词的确指和概指。

①表示确指。

表达确切数量直接用基数词或分数、小数等。

hundred, thousand, million, billion等前有具体数词修饰时，不能用复数形式。

②表示概指。

ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion等可以构成短语，表示不确切的数量。

五四语法九动词及动词短语语法考点剖析考点一常见易混动词辨析1．spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”。

2.look/watch/see/read 表示“看”。

★look可以表示“看上去”，是感官动词，后接形容词。

★看病(看医生)用see a doctor表示。

3．speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”。

4.感官动词look/taste/sound/feel/smell。

5.borrow/lend/keep表示“借”。

6.hope/wish/expectexpect to do sth.; expect sb. to do sth.7.forget/leave8.hear/listen/sound9.wear/put on/dress/be in10.reach/get/arrive单项选择1．(2018·山东莱芜中考)—Oh, dear! I can't find my key to the office.—Don't worry. I think you might it in your car.A．offer B．forget C．borrow D．leave2．(2018·新疆中考改编)—Wow, your sweater is very beautiful! How much is it?—Thank you. It me 30 dollars.A．spent B．paid C．cost D．took考点二动词短语辨析常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完全不同的动词短语。

1．同一动词的不同搭配：①look短语look after照料；照顾look at看look for寻找；寻求look forward to盼望；期待look out当心；向外看look through快速查看；浏览look up(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看look up to钦佩；仰慕②cut短语cut down砍倒；减少cut off切除cut out删除；删去cut up切碎③run短语run after追逐；追赶run away跑开run out (of)用尽；耗尽④turn短语turn down调低；拒绝turn up调高turn... into变成turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开turn off关掉turn left/right向左/右转⑤tak e短语take after(外貌或行为)像take care of照顾；处理take down拆除；往下拽；记录take in吸入；吞入(体内) take off脱掉；起飞take place发生；出现take up(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做；占据⑥get短语get dressed穿上衣服get into陷入；参与get lost迷路get off下车get on 上车get on with和睦相处；关系良好get up起床；站起⑦use短语be/get used to习惯于be used to do被用来做……used to曾经……；过去……⑧give短语give away赠送；捐赠give out分发；散发give up放弃give in屈服⑨call短语call (sb.) back(给某人)回电话call in召来；叫来call up打电话给(某人)；征召⑩come短语come true实现；成为现实come up with想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)⑪bring短语bring back恢复；使想起；归还bring out使显现；使表现出⑫fall短语fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着fall down突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌fall in love爱上；喜欢上fall over绊倒⑬go短语go along (the street)沿着(这条街)走go off(闹钟)发出响声go out外出(娱乐)⑭make短语make sure确保；查明make up编造(故事、谎言等) ⑮put短语put on增加(体重)；发胖；穿上put off推迟put up搭起；举起；张贴put away收拾(整理)好put sth. to good use好好利用某物⑯set短语set out出发；启程set up建起；建立2．同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配：①up短语call up打电话给(某人)；征召cheer up(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来clean up打扫(或清除)干净cut up切碎dress up装扮；乔装打扮end up最终成为；最后处于fix up修理；解决give up放弃grow up长大；成熟hurry up赶快；急忙look up查找；抬头看make up编造(故事、谎言等)pick up捡起；接电话put up搭起；举起set up建起；建立show up赶到；露面stay up熬夜take up(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做；占据wake up醒；叫醒②out短语blow out吹灭bring out使显现；使表现出check out察看；观察clear out清理；丢掉find out查明；弄清give out分发；散发go out外出(娱乐) hand out分发hang out闲逛；常去某处lay out摆开；布置leave out不包括；不提及；忽略run out (of)用尽；耗尽sell out卖光set out出发；启程work out成功地发展；解决③down短语die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失let... down使……失望lie down躺下pull... down拆下；摧毁write down写下；记录下④with短语agree with同意；赞成compare... with比较；对比connect... with...把……和……连接或联系起来deal with应付；处理part with放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)3．完全不同的动词词组：ask for请求；恳求(给予) care for照顾；非常喜欢believe in信任；信赖care about关心；在意clean... off把……擦掉depend on依靠；信赖divide... into把……分开separate from分开；分离hear from接到(某人的)信、电话等throw away扔掉；抛弃drop by顺便访问；随便进入stick to坚持；固守pay attention to注意；关注pass by路过；经过pay for付费；付出代价prepare for为……做准备pull together齐心协力；通力合作shut off关闭；停止运转take sb.'s place代替；替换think of认为(一)单项选择1．(2018·山东莱芜中考)Anna is preparing for the coming exam,so she has to the invitation to the party.A．turn on B．turn down C．turn off D．turn up 2．(2018·江苏盐城中考)These new types of energy cost very little and willnever ．A．look out B．come out C．run out D．stay out3．(2018·河南中考)—Jack is telling everyone he has bought a new car.—Pay no attention to him. He is just ．A．taking off B．showing off C．driving off D．setting off 4．(2018·江苏连云港中考)—I'm sorry to on you, but there are one or two things I don't understand.—It doesn't matter.A．cut down B．cut out C．cut in D．cut off(二)完成句子(2018·湖北宜昌中考)如果你不想陷入麻烦，就不要忽略任何小错误。

考点3 动词短语
8．[2009·潍坊，18题]The sports meet has to be ___C_
because of the heavy rain.
A．put up B．put down C．put off D．put on
9．[2013·潍坊，25题]Diaoyu Islands ___A_ China ever
since ancient times.
A．belong to
B．belong in
C．belong under D．belong with

10．[2014·潍坊，21题]—Have you seen the film Coming
Home directed by Zhang Yimou?
—Not yet.I’m __D__ seeing it.It’s said the film is
A．put on
B．put up
C．take off
D．take after
12．[2016·潍坊，23题]The sofa is so large that it
考点3 动词短语
动词短语是动词的一种固定搭配形式，常见的动词短语结 构有：
1．动词＋介词(宾语只能放在介词后)； 2．动词＋副词，如果宾语是名词，位于副词前后皆可； 宾语是代词时，则只能位于动词和副词之间； 3．动词＋副词＋介词(宾语只能放在介词后)； 4．动词＋名词＋介词(宾语只能放在介词后)。
考点2 动词辨析
5.[2008·潍坊，31题]—Boys and girls! Please ___B_ your positions after class. —Oh，my God! I ______ it at home. A．hand in；forgot B．hand in；left C．hand out；forgot D．hand out；left 6．[2011·潍坊，19题]With the help of the Internet， information can __C__ every corner of the world quickly. A．go B．land C．reach D．arrive 7．[2013·潍坊，20题]－Do you often get online? －Yes.I __B__ lots of time on it.It’s a good way to kill time. A．cost B．spend C．take D．use

五四语法十三复合句语法考点剖析考点一宾语从句1．宾语从句的时态。

①主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态。

I hear Li Lei will leave for America.我听说李雷要去美国了。

②主句是过去时，从句使用过去时的某种形式。

He said he was playing basketball this time yesterday.他说昨天这个时间他在打篮球。

③从句表示的是客观现实、真理、自然现象等，不管主句的时态是什么，从句都用一般现在时。

Our teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.我们老师说地球围绕太阳转。

2．宾语从句的语序。

从句一律用陈述语序，即“主语＋谓语”。

Do you know where Jane is from？你知道简来自哪里吗？3．宾语从句的连接词。

①that引导宾语从句时，常可以省略，that在句中不作成分，只起连接作用。

I really believe (that) my best friend will help me out.我确信我最好的朋友会帮我解决困难。

②what, when, where, how, whatever, whenever, wherever, who, whom, whose等特殊疑问词作连接词。

I don't know where I should go.我不知道应该去哪里。

③当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，连接词用whether或if，表“是否”。

Could you tell me if/wether it snows in winter here？你能告诉我这里冬天下雪吗？单项选择1．(2018·山东莱芜中考)—You came back from Beijing yesterday. Could you tell me ？—I went there by train.A．how you went thereB．who you went withC．what you think of the tripD．if you enjoy the trip2．(2018·甘肃白银中考)What lovely flowers! Could you please tell me ？A．why did you get themB．where you got themC．when will you get themD．how will you get them3．(2018·河北中考)—Hi, Ken. Did Mrs. Zhang tell us ？—Yes. She said we should meet there at nine.A．which was the way to the stationB．why we should meet at the stationC．when we should get to the stationD．who we should meet at the station考点二状语从句)I'll call you up as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。

语法专题（十）常考动词及动词短语【考点过关训练】Ⅰ.将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语,注意使用适当的形式1.Don’t others. You can do it well by yourself.（依靠）2.Tony’s book in 2017.（出版）3.Have you the pop singer Deng Ziqi?（听说）4.Uncle Wang by selling vegetables two years ago.（谋生）5.We should try to .（使他高兴起来）6.Jim’s going to be a reporter when he .（长大）7.I’ve my money.（用完）8.My mother hopes I can get a prize in the final exam. So I’ll try my best not to .（使她失望）9.We are the summer holiday.（盼望）10.Would you mind my pet dog for me while I am away?（照看）Ⅱ.单项填空11.I an article about first aid. It’s useful when I have an accident.A.sawB.readC.lookedD.watched12.It’s cold outside. your sweater before you go out.A.Put onB.Turn onC.Put upD.Give up13.If you your name on the paper, you can get a magazine.A.cut downB.look downC.turn downD.write down14.John the TV and helped his mother with the housework.A.turned offB.heard fromC.joined inD.looked after15.The plane will from Beijing Capital Airport and land in London.A.take onB.take offC.take outD.take away【语法综合演练】Ⅰ.单项填空1.[2018·云南] We can some information about this city on the Internet.A.looked upB.look likeC.look afterD.look forward to2.[2018·曲靖] When the best singer in our class , everyone shouted with excitement.A.look upB.put upC.showed upD.made up3.[2018·昆明] Stephen Hawking, a great scientist, had a strong will（意志）.His serious illness never him living a meaningful and colorful life.A.learned; fromB.protected; fromC.saved; fromD.stopped; from4.[2018·昆明] The government will take action to the problem of heavy extracurricular burden（课外负担）on primary and middle school students.A.decidingB.decideC.solvingD.solve5.[2017·曲靖] The idea of the Belt and Road China, but it belongs to the world.es fromes outes upes back6. [2016·云南] As long as all the Chinese people pull together, our China Dream will .e truee oute upe down7.[2017·昆明] As we on our new journey, we shouldn’t forget where we came from.A.take outB.set outC.cut outD.blow out8.[2017·云南] Tom, the baby is sleeping. Please the radio a bit.A.turn onB.turn offC.turn upD.turn down9.[2018·安徽] —I’m afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work.—Don’t worry.I will you then.A.noticeB.allowC.remindD.promise10.[2018·天津] I am afraid we can not to take a taxi.Let’s go by underground instead.A.refuseB.affordC.forgetD.fallⅡ.将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语,注意使用适当的形式11.[2018·云南] When you’re learning a new language, you can’t be afraid to ; otherwise, you won’t get very far.（出错）12.[2017·云南] Life isn’t about the storm to pass; it’s about learning to dance in the rain.（等候）13.[2017·昆明] In some countries, you’re supposed to with others for the first time.（握手）14.[2017·大理模拟] She often late with her mother to watch movies.（熬夜）15.[2018·曲靖模拟] One important way to achieve your dream is to it.（坚持）Ⅰ.单项填空1.My uncle is repairing some old bikes these days. He plans to to a charity.A.give them awayB.give them upC.take them awayD.pick them up2.You should try to the problems by yourself.You’re not a child any longer.A.get onB.get intoC.get overD.get off3.—It’s hot today, isn’t it?—Yes, it is. Why not your jacket?A.take careB.take placeC.take afterD.take off4.—If you always yourself with others, you may have tons of pressure.—I agree. We should believe in ourselves.pareplainC.connectD.consider5.—Don’t , my children. Keep working hard and you will win the match.—Thank you, Mr. Zhang. We’ll try our best.A.put upB.call upC.set upD.give up6.I like these photos and they can me the life living in the countryside.A.think; ofB.remind; ofC.let; downD.wake; up7.Don’t the bus until it stops.A.turn offB.put onC.get offD.set up8.Anyone who sings well can the activity in our school.A.take part inB.take offC.take outD.take care of9.I’m not sure whether I can hold a party in the open air, because it the weather.A.stands forB.depends onC.lives onD.agrees with10.—These problems are too hard to . Will you give me some advice?—There are many ways. The most important is to have a careful plan.A.work outB.look outC.hand outD.break outⅡ.根据句意,用括号中所给词的正确形式填空11.The glass was .You have to buy a new one.（break）12.If your vocabulary is not large enough, you can’t understand the of the passage well.（mean）13.The music really great.Tell me what its name is.（sound）14.When autumn comes, the ground is covered with leaves from the trees.（fall）15.Michael and his brother are in the same team and do some together.（train）16.It’s that the old man used to be a soldier.（say）17.I enjoy parties, because they are always and lively.（excite）18. down from the mountain top, you can clearly see the whole city.（look）19.Be careful not to get yourself when you use the knife.（cut）20.Parents were all concerned about the of their children at the meeting.（protect）Ⅲ.将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语,注意使用适当的形式21.Now more and more young people the elderly on the bus in our city. （让座）22.Scott and his wife usually morning newspapers before breakfast. （浏览）23.Study hard, or you will other students.（落后）24.—How do you usually go to work?—I usually go to work by bus. But sometimes I .（开车去上班）25.Now Chinese teenagers have plenty of chances all kinds of outdoor activities. （参加）参考答案【考点过关训练】Ⅰ．1．depend on 2．came out 3．heard of 4．made a living5．cheer him up 6．grows up 7．run out of8．let her down 9．looking forward to10．taking care of/looking afterⅡ．11—15 BADAB【语法综合演练】中考体验Ⅰ．1—5 ACDDA 6—10 ABDCBⅡ．11．make mistakes/make a mistake 12．waiting for13．shake hands 14．stays up 15．stick to能力训练Ⅰ．1—5 ACDAD 6—10 BCABAⅡ．11．broken 12．meaning 13．sounds 14．fallen15．training 16．said 17．exciting 18．Looking 19．cut20．protectionⅢ．21．give/offer their seats to 22．look through23．be left behind/fall behind 24．drive to work25．to take part in。

五四语法十非谓语动词语法考点剖析考点一动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，否定形式是在不定式前加not，具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，但没有人称与数量的变化，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式及其宾语和状语构成不定式短语。

1．动词不定式作主语。

动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换且常用it作形式主语，把不定式后置，常构成“It＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋动词不定式”。

It's important (for us) to protect the environment.(对我们来说)保护环境很重要。

2．动词不定式作表语。

My job is to teach English.我的工作是教英语。

3．动词不定式作宾语或宾语补足语。

①后接动词不定式作宾语的动词或短语有want, begin/start, love, forget, remember, teach, decide, agree, seem, would like, plan等。

②后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask, tell, invite, allow, want, wish, encourage等。

③在使役动词make, let, have和感官动词see, feel, look, smell等的后面作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略。

help后的不定式可以带to也可以不带to。

★make sb. do sth.的被动语态必须加to。

★感官动词之后，可以加do，表示动作经常发生；也可加doing，表示动作正在发生或动作的一次性。

4．动词不定式作定语。

I have a lot of homework to do.我有许多家庭作业要做。

★不定式与所修饰的名词之间是动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面要有相关的介词。

The cat is easy to take care of.这只猫很好照顾。

五四语法九动词及动词短语语法考点剖析考点一常见易混动词辨析1．spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”。

主语是人，可指花费时间和金钱。

spend... on...; spend...(in) doing spendsth.pay 主语是人，指花费金钱。

pay... for...＝spend... oncost 主语是物或某种活动，指花费金钱。

sth. cost (sb.)．..多用it作形式主语，指花费时间。

It takes sb. ... to do sth.＝Sb.takespend... (in) doing sth.2.look/watch/see/read 表示“看”。

look 看(动作)；可单独成句；look at...watch 看(电视、比赛)；注视see 看见(结果)；看望；理解(I see.)read 看(书、报)；读★look可以表示“看上去”，是感官动词，后接形容词。

★看病(看医生)用see a doctor表示。

3．speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”。

speak 发言；说(某种语言)say 说(内容)；写有talk 谈论，talk about sth.; talk to/with sb.tell 告诉；讲述；tell sb. (not) to do sth.4.感官动词look/taste/sound/feel/smell。

look 看起来(视觉)taste 尝起来(味觉)sound 听起来(听觉)feel 摸起来(触觉)smell 闻起来(嗅觉)5.borrow/lend/keep表示“借”。

borrow (向别人)借用；borrow sth. from sb.lend 借给(别人); lend sth. to sb.keep 借用若干时间； keep... for 2 days6.hope/wish/expecthope 希望；hope to to sth.; hope＋that 从句wish 但愿、希望；wish to do sth.; wish sb. to do sth.; wish＋that 从句expect 期待、期望； expect to do sth.; expect sb. to do sth.7.forget/leaveforget 表示“忘记”时，forget通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用leave 在表示“遗忘”时，通常要与表示地点的状语连用8.hear/listen/soundhear 听见；hear＋名词(强调听的结果)listen 听；listen to＋名词(强调听的过程)sound 听起来； sound＋形容词(强调听的效果)9.wear/put on/dress/be inwear “穿着；戴着”，强调状态，wear后可接穿戴的东西，包括眼镜、首饰等put on “穿上；戴上”，指“穿”的动作，反义词为“take off”“穿衣”，是及物动词，后接人作宾语，意为“给某人穿衣服”；dress dressonself“打扮；给自己穿衣服”be in 表示状态，后接衣服，也可接表示颜色的词10.reach/get/arrive“到达”，是及物动词(比get更正式)，其后可直接接地点名词作宾语(不能用介reach词)get “到达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 to“到达”，不及物动词，之后通常接介词 at (一般用于较小的地方)或 in (一般arrive用于较大的地方)单项选择1．(2018·山东莱芜中考)—Oh, dear! I can't find my key to the office.—Don't worry. I think you might it in your car.A．offer B．forget C．borrow D．leave2．(2018·新疆中考改编)—Wow, your sweater is very beautiful! How much is it?—Thank you. It me 30 dollars.A．spent B．paid C．cost D．took考点二动词短语辨析常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完全不同的动词短语。

五四语法一冠词语法考点剖析考点一不定冠词a/an的用法1．基本用法(1)泛指某个人或物，意思为“一”，数量概念比one弱。

A girl is looking for you.有个女孩在找你。

(2)用于可数名词单数形式前，表示一类人或物。

A dog is a useful animal.狗是一种有用的动物。

(3)用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”，相当于every或each。

We have six classes a day.我们每天六节课。

(4)用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。

The apple is delicious. Can I have a second one？这苹果很好吃，我能再吃一个吗？(5)用于物质名词前面，表示“一种、一场”等。

What a heavy rain！好大的一场雨！(6)构成一些固定短语。

a little bit有点儿 a couple of两个all of a sudden突然have a cold感冒have a look看一看have a rest休息一下have a try试一试have a walk散步once in a while偶尔pay a visit to拜访play a role发挥作用quite a lot/few许多2．a/an的辨析不定冠词a与an是一对孪生姐妹。

a n用在以元音音素开头的名词前，如an egg。

即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头，如果单词的读音是以元音音素开头，也要用an，如an hour。

反之即使单词拼写以元音字母开头但读音是以辅音音素开头，加不定冠词时也要用a，如 a university。

(1)常见的以元音音素开头的重点名词和形容词animal answer arm appleeasy egg eraser elephanteye hour idea impoliteimportant interesting orange umbrellauncle unhappy unknown unpleasantunusual(2)常见的不定冠词易错短语an honest boy an houra university a useful booka usual story a European countrya UFO单项选择1．(2018·山东莱芜中考)Wolf WarriorsⅡ is such exciting film that I have seen it three times.A．a B．an C．the D．/2．(2018·贵州安顺中考)France is European country while Thailandis Asian country.A．an; an B．an; a C．a; a D．a; an3．(2018·甘肃白银中考) The man is driving at 40 kilometres hour.A．a B．an C．the D．/4．(2018·江苏宿迁中考)There will be talk on good manners at the school hall this afternoon.A．the B．an C．a D．/考点二定冠词的用法1．用在特定的人或物的名词前，表示特指。

9.takeoff 脱掉;起飞takephotos 照相takeout takepartin 参加takecareof takeone’splace 坐某人的位置;代替某人的职务
取出takeaseat 坐下 做运动
haveagoodtime
haveaheadache 头痛 haveatry 尝试;努力
6.lookfor 寻找lookout 留神;注意 lookup lookat 向上看,抬头看;查阅lookafter 看 看起来像 照顾,照看
bemadeof/from 由……制成
2. cometrue 实现 cheerup 使高兴起来 comeout 开花;发芽;出现;出来;出版;发表 comeover cleanup 过来;顺便来访 来吧;加油;赶快 comeon 把……打扫干净 提出,想出 尽某人最大努力 做作业 在……方面干得好 阅读 comeupwith dowellin
PARTTWO
第二篇语法突破篇
语法专题（九） 动词及常考 动词词组
【中考考点】 （1）动词词义辨析。 （2）动词词组的构成形式分类。 （3）中考常考的动词词组。
考点一 实义动词
实义动词含有实际的意义,表示动作或状态,可在句中独立作谓语。根据其在句中是否需要宾语, 可分为及物动词（vt.）和不及物动词（vi.）。及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其 意思表达完整;不及物动词不可直接接宾语,后接宾语时必须与介词连用。 Youshouቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱdlistentotheteachercarefully. 你应该认真听老师讲课。 Sheiswaitingformeattheschoolgate. 她正在学校门口等我。
makeprogress 取得进步

2.(2021·临沂改编)The minute the alarm clock C , I got up and took a quick shower. A.went by B.went out C.went off D.go away
3.(2021·抚顺)Junior high school days are over and it's hard to A our dear teachers and friends. A.separate from B.deal with C.believe in D.depend on
1.(2021·抚顺)Our national hero Yue Fei C to devote(贡献)himself to the country at a young age. A.failed B.forgot C.promised D.refused
2.(2021·南京)The drama “Yuhuayao\” A citizens in Nanjing with a chance to learn and listen to the Party's history. A.provided B.guarded pared D.protected
【真题展示】
(2021·安徽)Every student is supposed to a sporting activity for put away C.turn down
D.take up
【解析】此题考查动词短语的辨析。句意：为了过健康的生活，每个学
Tom speaks Chinese as fluently as Lucy does.汤姆的汉语说得和露西一样流利。
构成祈使句的否定形 Don't smoke here!不要在这里吸烟！

考点跟踪突破29 动词与动词短语1．As the story __A__，the secret of the castle is discovered little by little.(2021，无锡)A．ends B．beginsC．develops D．happens2．Don't __C__ any more time，or he will miss the meeting.(2021，天津)A．save B．trust C．waste D．love3．—Let's do something for our dad.(2021，宜昌)—Good idea.We should always __D__ father's love for us.A．explain B．suppose C．wonder D．value4．The movie is so interesting that I don't __B__ seeing it again tomorrow.(2021，青岛)A．enjoy B．mind C．keep D．finish5．—How long can I keep this dictionary—Two weeks.You must __C__ it on time.(2021，海南)A．collect B．call C．return6．Doing eye exercises __A__ one of the useful ways to protect our eyes.(2021，哈尔滨)A．is B．are C．were7．—Good morning.I'd like a birthday gift for my mother.—What about this scarf？It is beautiful and it __A__ softand smooth.(2021，东营)A．feels B．looks C．seems D．becomes8．—Do you like swimming in winter—Of course.The water __A__ a bit cold at first，but then I am warm and full of energy.(2021，荆州)A．feels B．tastes C．smells D．looks9．Yang Jiang __C__ be the boy's favorite writer.He has written a lot to praise her.(2021，长春)A．can't B．mustn't C．must D．need10．—Whose is this book written by Yang Jiang—Carol's favorite writer is Yang Jiang.It __B__ be hers.(2021，宜昌)A．mustn't B．must C．can't D．can11．—Where are you going this month—We __B__ go to Xiamen，but we're not sure.(2021，呼与浩特)A．needn't B．might C．must D．mustn't12．Our country is taking action to __A__ air pollution.(2021，青岛)A．cut down B．cut upC．cut out D．cut off13．—To save energy，we should __B__ the electricitywhen we don't use it.—I agree，you are really a greener person.(2021，咸宁)A．shut up B．shut offC．take away D．take off14．—How do you like this speech？(2021，西宁)—I like it very much and it can __A__ me ________ to achieve my dream.A．cheer；up B．connect；withC．let；down D．take；up15．Don't worry.I'm sure you'll__A__ your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them.(2021，呼与浩特) A．catch up with B．be pleased withC．get on well with D．agree with16．—If you always __A__ yourself with others，you may have tons of pressure.—I agree.We should believe in ourselves.(2021，宜昌)A．compare B．communicateC．create D．consider17．—Mum，__B__ I play football this afternoon—Sure，but you ________ finish your homework first.(2021，天津)A．may；could B．can；mustC．can；mustn't D．may；can't18．Please __B__ the water when you brush your teeth.(2021，西宁)A．turn down B．turn offC．turn on D．turn up19．—I've made much progress in grammar.The ideas you __A__ worked out fine.—Glad I could help.(2021，厦门)A．came up with B．ran out ofC．looked up to20．—__B__ there any living things on the planets—I have no ideas.Maybe we can know more about that in the future.A．Is B．Are C．Has D．Have21．They all __C__ Laura about building a museum here.(2021 ，重庆)A．waited for B．handed inC．agreed with D．knocked at22．—What is the most important thing to remember in the earthquake—We should try to __C__．(2021，铜仁)A．run out of the buildingB．jump out of the windowC．stay calmD．stand in the middle of the room23．—Have you seen Jack？His mother is looking for him all the afternoon.—No，I haven't.I am sure her mother __A__ be very worried.(2021，随州)A．must B．may C．need D．should24．My parents said they would come to visit me.I couldn't __A__ to see them after several months away from home.(2021，河南)A．wait B．help C．expect D．afford25．—__A__ I watch TV now，Mum—No.It's too late，and you ________ go to bed.A．May；have to B．Will；shouldC．Can；will D．Must；need26．—Three­D printin g technology could be used to build a house in less than 24 hours.—It __C__ amazing.It's my first time to get to know the news.(2021，镇江)A．looks B．smells C．sounds D．tastes27．—Mr Li.I can't understand everything in class.—Don't worry！I'll __B__ the main points at the end.A．record B．reviewC．require D．remember28．—What's wrong with you，Eric？You look tired.—I __D__ to prepare for the final exam last night.A．picked up B．woke upC．put up D．stayed up29．—My cousin has a sore throat.—She'd better __A__．(2021 ，青岛)A．drink water with honey B．see a dentistC．take a shower D．get an X­ray30．—The organization WildAid is __D__ to protect wild animals.—It has done a lot so far.(2021 ，宜昌)A．cheered up B．picked upC．taken up D．set up31．—Mr.Wang，must I come again to clean the classroom on Sunday？(2021 ，德州)—No，you __C__．I have asked Kate to do it.A．can't B．mustn'tC．needn't D．shouldn't32．—Food safety has become a social focus now.—That's why laws are made to __B__ crimes on food.(2021，宜昌)A．record B．prevent C．divide D．separate33．Pick up your pen and draw your own invention.Maybe it will be __C__ a real product one day.(2021，临沂)A．turned on B．turned downC．turned into D．turned off34．—Must I water the flowers now？(2021，新疆)—No，you __C__．You ________ do it later.A．mustn't；must B．mustn't；mayC．needn't；may D．needn't；must35．As the road to airport is under repair，we will have to __A__ early to get there in time.(2021 ，宁波)A．set off B．turn offC．take off D．take off36．—Do you think that Kobe will be elected as the MVP this year—It__A__him.He has retired(退役) since April 13.(2021，咸宁)A．can't be B．mustn't beC．must be D．can be37．—My English is so weak.Can you help me，Gina—Practice more and the most important is to __C__ a good habit of reading.(2021，荆州)A．make B．completeC．develop D．show38．—Shall we go for a walk—__B__ great.A．Feels B．Sounds C．Turns D．Looks39B__ a doctor at once.A．Ask for B．Send for C．Wait for D．Look for40．—Jason，would you please __C__ this notice—With pleasure.(2021 ，武汉)A．put on B．put off C．put up D．put out41．— I found my sister __C__ my things and took my new magazines.What should I do—I guess you should tell her it's not right.(2021 ，乐山) A．looking through B．looking upC．looking for42．Can you help me __D__ those exercise books？I got a different number each time.(2021，南京)A．carry B．move C．write D．count43．You'd better __D__ the test paper before handing itin.(2021 ，宜宾)A．go ahead B．go on C．go off D．go over44．There __B__ some beef in the fridge.Let's make some beef noodles.(2021 ，长春)A．am B．is C．are D．be45．—You aren't supposed to smoke in public.It's bad for our health.(2021，黄冈)—Sorry，I will __C__ my cigarette right now.A．give up B．put downC．put out D．give away46．—Excuse me，__C__ I take the magazine out of the reading room—Sorry，you can't.Just here，please.(2021，淮安)A．must B．would C．may D．need47．A true friend will never __B__ from you when you're in trouble.(2021，重庆)A．take away B．run awayC．put off D．get off48．—We can't__C__making a pla n.Clean­up Day is only two weeks from now.—Yes，I think so.(2021，滨州)A．put on B．put up C．put off D．put out。