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2022高考英语语法--介词连词讲解及习题(附答案)高考英语语法精讲精练介词、连接词介词学习介词用法除要掌握一般常规用法外,还须注意一些特殊用法,固定搭配等。
一、表示时间介词注意点：Wewillmeetinthreedaywithin＋一段时间（用于各种时态）如：Youmutfinihreadingthebookwithinaweek.你必须在一周内读完这本书。
2．onChritmaDay在圣诞节；atChritma在圣诞节的几天中4．during是介词，不能引导从句。
二、注意一些表示地点场所介词短语的引伸、比喻含义inthemud在泥中，beyondhope绝望,infreezing在严寒天气中，indanger在危险中，introuble在困境中，inpublic在公共场合中，undercontruction在建设中，onbuine出差，intheameboat处境一样，onale在出售三、表示方式、手段、工具等介词（by,with,on,in）1.by:Theblindmenthoughttheycouldlearnwhattheelephantlookedli kebytouchingit./makealivingbyteaching/byhand手工地，靠手工地，byletter,bypot,byelectricity,learnth.byheart,truckbythebeauty因美丽而着迷Hewapaidbythehour/theday/month/…他按时/日/月/…被付给工钱。
byplane/train/hip/air/water/ea/…,bymeanof用…手段，方式；bywayof经由，取道于…learnEnglihby/over/throug h/ontheradio2.on:liveonfood,kneelonone¢knee,lie/leeponone¢back/ide/face 仰/侧/俯卧（睡）3.in:inEnglih,inink,inilence,inonevoice异口同声地，inahurry 匆忙地，inurprie惊讶地4．with:writewithapen,workwithone¢hand,mellwithone¢noe,beatt hehorewithawhip(鞭子)四、相近介词（短语）辨析about“关于”，知识性或随便谈论：adicuionabouttheplan3.over在…正上方，under在…正下方above在…上面（不一定垂直上方），below在…下面4.inanhour一小时后，用于将来时afteranhour一小时后，用于过去时5.beide在…旁边beide除…之外（还有）e某cept除…之外e某ceptfor除（非同类事物）之外6.on/inthetreetat50DongfengRoad在东风路50号高考英语语法精讲精练7.aholeinthewallapictureonthewallapieceofnewinthenewpaperthewordintheenvelopthemonkeyinthetreetheappleonthetree(树上的苹果。
高考英语易错题专题练习-介词和介词短语一、用单词的适当形式完成句子(共 6 分)1.The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so______the familiar near side. (用适当的词填空)【答案】than【详解】考查介词。
句意：科学家们对月球的远端特别感兴趣，因为因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。
根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。
故填than。
2.Orange trees are more ________ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. （根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】than【详解】考查固定搭配。
句意：橘子树不仅仅是装饰品，它们还是好运和财富的象征。
分析句子可知用“more than+名词”，意为“不只是，不仅仅是”。
故填than。
二、英译汉（整句）(共 3 分)3.How he manages to live is more than I can tell.(英译汉)【答案】他是如何生活的，我猜不透。
【详解】考查名词性从句。
此处How he manages to live为主语从句，表示“他是如何生活的”；短语more than I can tell理解为“猜不透”。
故翻译为：他是如何生活的，我猜不透。
三、单项选择(共 3 分)4.（2016·浙江卷）I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend ___________ in the coming years.A.little moreB.no moreC.much moreD.many more【答案】D【详解】考查短语辨析。
A.Prep(介词)—except的用法首先except和besides的区别较明显。
前者表示“包括…在外”，后者表示“包括…在内”；其次，要注意except和except for以及except加介词短语及联接词的区别。
请看下面题目：1.–Do you have any more of these briefcases?--I’m sorry that we’ve sold all ___ this one.a. besidesb. exceptc. besided. except for2.The theatre has been booked up___ a few seats in the stalls.a. exceptb. besidesc. except ford. but3. The professor seldom goes anywhere ___ his lab room.a. exceptb. except toc. except ford. except in4.Perhaps Mr. Hunt er can’t spare any time ___ Sunday.a. exceptb. except forc. except ond. besides5.I know nothing about the young lady ___ she is from Beijing. ( 00年上海卷).a. exceptb. except forc. except thatd. except when6.He goes to the stadium to watch a football match every weekend ___he has to work.a. exceptb. except forc. except thatd. except when7.I know nothing about the accident ___ I read in the paper.a. except forb. except thatc. except whend. except what8.___ John, the whole class passed the test.a. Exceptb. Except forc. Butd. Besides[解析] except ‘除…之外，不包括在内’，表示相同项目类别的对比和限制。
介词与介词短语专题练习1、This novel was concerned______the Second World War，while most teenagers are more concerned______the hero’s love story.A.with；aboutB.with；atC.for；aboutD.about；with2、With the development of economy,our income has increassed 10% in less thana year.A.forB.byC.onD.at3、If you can do what you’re weakest ______, you can handle any challenge.A.forB.atC.withD.to4、When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _________ trees that are over 1,000 years old.A.amongB.againstC.behindD.below5、Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.A.atB.inC.onD.by6、________ the end of last term, every student in the school, I think, has taken at least five maths tests.A.ByB.SinceC.FromD.In7、________ the next few days they got to know the town well.（）A.AfterB.ForC.OverD.By8、Scientists are convinced ________ the positive effect of laughter _______ physical and mental health.（）A.of； atB.by； inC.of； onD.on； at9、_______ production up by 80%，the company has had another excellent year.（）A.AsB.ForC.ThroughD.With10、My mum's letters really encouraged me _____ my illness.（）A.overB.forC.throughoutD.within11、Purchases online are to be believed provided that you and the seller have communicated and reached a compromise the wishes of both parties.A.in defense ofB.in view ofC.in line withD.in company with12、Though people speak English in Australia, Australian English differs ________ pronunciation ________ British and American English.A.in; fromB.from; onC.in; onD.from; with13、My daughter is not present at the award ceremony, so I will receive the prize ___ her.A.on behalf ofB.in honor ofC.on account ofD.in favor of14、________ the end of the competition, Anne gave in ________ Julie.A.In, forB.At, toC.By, /D.On, with15、Our players came back and we all congratulated them _______ their success.A.withB.toC.onD.in16、Although this medicine can cure you _______ your illness, it has a bad effect ____you.A.of; onB.for; onC.for; inD.of; at17、The company has changed some of its working practices _____ complaints and criticism from the customers.A.in respect toB.in return forC.in exchange forD.in response to18、______ electronic mail, today you can send a letter halfway around the world in seconds simply by pressing a button.A.Thanks toB.Apart fromC.Regardless ofD.According to19、________ the severe traffic pressure, many city authorities have started to restrict the use of private vehicles.A.By means ofB.In terms ofC.With regard toD.In response to20、______ the consistent efforts made by the people of Hangzhou, preparatory work for the G20 Summit has been a success.A.Thanks toB.In terms ofC.With regard toD.In addition to21、Many plants could move northward and toward the Pacific coast _______rising temperatures and changes in rainfall.A.for fear ofB.in defense ofC.by means ofD.in reaction to22、It is ______ his tremendous enthusiasm and devotion that the old teacher is respected by all his students.A.on account ofB.with regard toC.in terms ofD.in reference to23、_________ all the barriers put in his way, David is very fortunate and always seems to land on his feet.A.In terms ofB.In favor ofC.In spite ofD.In honor of24、So far, thirty-one major infrastructure projects have been completed and another 54 are still ________ construction to welcome the G20 summit 2016 in Hangzhou in early September.A.inB.onC.aboveD.under25、--Does the young man standing there ________ the company.-- No, the company is _____his father.A.in possession of; in the possession ofB.have possession of; in the possession ofC.take possession of; in possession ofD.have possession of; in possession of26、--Does the young man standing there ________ the company.-- No, the company is _____his father.A.in possession of; in the possession ofB.have possession of; in the possession ofC.take possession of; in possession ofD.have possession of; in possession of27、A single bottle of Coke every day won’t do you much harm.________, you can burn off the calories from that bottle of Coke with exercise.A.As a matter of factB.On the other handC.At the same timeD.In a word28、It is ________ me how you and Oscar can share an apartment for so long.You’re tidy while he’s so messy.A.againstB.withC.beyondD.for29、The Internet makes it possible for us to stay ________ family and friends around the world.A.in memory ofB.in possession ofC.in touch withD.in response to30、If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed. , they will learn to take care of themselves.A.On the contraryB.What’s moreC.That is to sayD.In a word31、Nothing is so easy as _____ parents to raise their expectations of their children too high.A.ofB.toC.byD.for32、It may be necessary to stop _____ in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.A.at intervalsB.at randomC.at easeD.at length33、Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A.in demandB.in storeC.on loanD.on sale34、The post office is closed ______ Saturday afternoon.A.onB.inC.ofD.at35、China is experiencing a slow GDP growth. , the government has in recent years takena series of measures to deal with it.A.In responseB.In turnC.In returnD.In advance36、Remaining seated for too long is bad for your health, how much exercise you do.A.in terms ofB.regardless ofC.in favour ofD.by means of37、Peaceful development is great importance to the healthy development of the future Cross-Strait relations.A.aboutB.beyondC.aboveD.of38、________marketing, for a brand, nothing could be more effective than being associated with a festival and contributing to festival-goers’ experiences.A.In time ofB.In place ofC.In terms ofD.In spite of39、In recent years, in many Western countries, in the USA and the UK, Halloween has become a special occasion.A.in generalB.in briefC.in shortD.in particular40、He was charged the police breaking the law.A.of,ofB.of,withC.by,ofD.by,with参考答案1、答案为：A；2、答案为：B；3、答案为：B；4、答案为：A；5、答案为：B；6、答案为：B；7、答案为：C；8、答案为：C；9、答案为：D；10、答案为：C；11、答案为：C；12、答案为：A；13、答案为：A；14、答案为：B；15、答案为：C；16、答案为：A；17、答案为：D；18、答案为：A；19、答案为：D；20、答案为：A；21、答案为：D；22、答案为：A；23、答案为：C；24、答案为：D；25、答案为：B；26、答案为：B；27、答案为：A；28、答案为：C；29、答案为：C；30、答案为：B；31、答案为：D；32、答案为：A；33、答案为：B；34、答案为：A；35、答案为：A；36、答案为：B；37、答案为：D；38、答案为：C；39、答案为：D；40、答案为：D；。
高考英语语法真题详解-介词和介词短语[感悟高考]单句语法填空/单句改错1．Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India，for example，most people traditionally eat ________ their hands.(2016·全国Ⅲ，50) 2．My connection with pandas goes back__________ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s，when I was the first Western TV reporter.(2016·全国Ⅰ，65)3．For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away ________ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.(2015·全国Ⅰ，66) 4．Now I am leaving home to college.(2016·全国Ⅲ，短文改错) 5．While they chatted，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.(2016·浙江，短文改错)答案 1.with 2.to 3.by 4.to→for 5.in→on[考点清单]考点一常见介词的用法1．表示时间的介词at，on，in和for规则❶at表示某个时间点、时刻等，例如：at midnight，at dawn/daybreak，at sunrise/sunset，at dusk等。
规则❷on表示在具体的日子或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上。
例如：on October the first，on a rainy day，on Christmas Eve，on the afternoon of his arrival等。
专题介词和介词短语以及八大考点介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。
通常和名词，动词，形容词连用，介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语。
介词可分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词、原因介词和其他介词。
介词的分类最常见介词一----in, on, at1．表示时间的at，in，onat表示片刻的时间(点)，如：at 8 a.m. 常用词组有：at dawn, at noon，at night，at midnight，at the end of，at that time，at Christmas，at New Year等。
in表示一段时间（段），如：in the morning/afternoon/evening，in October，in 1998，in the 21st century, in summer, in the past, in the future等。
on指特定的日子（日），时间：on Monday，on Christmas Eve, on May Day，on a warm morning, on September 12, on that day等。
2.表示方位的at, in，onat表示“在某一点上” look at sb arrive at. Smile at, point at. At the top of ..... at the beginning of.......in表示“在…内”，Beijing is in the north of China.in the classroom. In the world. In Fangshan. in your heart, in your letter.on指“在....上, 与…接壤，在河/江畔”，Korea lies on the east of China. On the third floor. On foot. On your face. Put on your coat.二．表示“穿过……”的through, over和acrossthrough 指在内部穿过, across则指在表面上的横穿, over指在上方过去，跨越。
专题四介词和介词短语综合演练Ⅰ.语法填空(2018福建厦门一次质检)“Do the difficult things while they are easy and do the great things while they are small.” “Nothing is softer and1(flexible)than water, yet nothing can resist it.”These are the food for thought2(serve)to tube passengers at Oval station in south London. It's been 14 years since customer services manager Anthony Gentles3(inspire)to brighten up the “blank faces” of travelers with daily4(wise)from his favorite book, Tao Te Ching. Every day he wrote one quote on the board5 (him). Mr. Gentles said offering quotes from ancient China was his way of6 (try)to make people feel more welcome as they braved the Underground.Thousands of quotes later, Mr. Gentles' favorite message remains the first one he wrote:“A journe y of a thousand miles begins7 a single step.” “Because it's8 (fundamental)true,” he said. “No matter9you live your life, regardless of your situation, you have to take the first step.”Since 2007,the baton(接力棒)has been taken on by his colleague Glen Sutherland, 10quotes on the station information board have set off a wave of enthusiasm to copy the practice across the capital.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6.7.8.9.10.答案[语篇解读]英国伦敦南部的欧维尔地铁站站口的信息板上写着名言,欧维尔地铁站已经坚持这个传统14年了。
考点05介词和介词短语高考频度：★★★★★【命题解读】介词在英语中比拟活跃，然而在高考中直接考查介词的题不是很多，但是介词却是考生最容易犯错误的语法项目之一。
【命题预测】预计2018年高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词，将会更加注重对介词固定搭配中的介词的考查，精细化考查介词短语的辨析。
在学习介词时，应重点掌握介词的根本用法，同时注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和用法。
【复习建议】1. 掌握介词的常见用法与易混介词的辨析；2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语；3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。
介词的分类分类特点例词简单介词即一个介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 等等。
合成介词由两个介词构成合成词into, onto, throughout, upon, within短语介词由短语构成according to, because of, instead of, upto, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。
双重介词由两个介词搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, tillafter, in between等等。
分词介词由现在分词转化而来considering(就……而论), including，考向①介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
考向②常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。
但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看，考生需要掌握以下内容。
1.表示一样或相似概念的介词〔短语〕的区别on sale出售 on loan借贷on the march在行军 on trial在试用on the air在广播 on fire在燃烧on the move 在移动，搬迁，离开on show/display/ exhibition在展出under+名词under control在控制之中 under discussion在讨论underdevelopment在开展中 under observation在观察中under test在被测试 under construction在建设中under fire在炮火中under examination在检查/调查中under consideration在考虑中 under repair在修理中under arrest被逮捕 under attack受到袭击under medical treatment在治疗中 under study在研究中其他again st one’s opinion反对某人的见解for one’s opinion同意某人的见解above reproach无可指责，无可非议above suspicion不受怀疑above criticism无可指责at the mercy of在……支配下；任由……摆布for sale供出售 for rent供出租 within sight 看得见1.〔2017··单项填空〕Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishingindustry.A. atB. inC. onD. by【答案】B2.〔2017·江苏·单项填空〕Determining where we are ____________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.A. in contrast toB. in defense ofC. in face ofD. in relation to【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语。
个性化教学辅导教案【词汇串烧】A Horrible EarthquakeDirty water rose in well s and canal s before the earthquake. But no one judge d that an earthquake was coming. Suddenly, everything shook. It seemed as if the world was at an end. Millions of brick houses and a number of dam s were destroy ed. Railway track s became useless bar s. Pipe s in mine s burst and let out smelly steam. Huge crack s trap ped cyclist s everywhere.The next day, this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers. With the reporter s giving an outline of the disaster, the whole nation was shock ed by the damage and the victim’s extreme suffering. People were moved when they read that the survivors comforted each other by saying “Congratulations! You survived!”. So they not only express ed their sympathy sincerely, but also organized together to help the victims right away. The injure d were rescue d and the dead were buried. The frighten ed survivors were dug out from under the ruin s and were offered shelter, fresh water and electricity. Thanks to people’s help, the loss was minimized.可怕的地震地震前，水井和运河里的污水都涨涌起来。
专题训练07 介词和介词短语单项选择题（25*1=25）st year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃______the average.A.belowB.onC.atD.above2.The little pupil took his grandma ______the arm and walked her across the street.A.onB.byC.inD.at3.Starting your own business could be away to achieving financial independence.______ , it could just put you in debt.A.In other wordsB.All in allC.As a resultD.On the other hand4.______the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.A.In reply toB.In addition toC.In charge ofD.In place of5.Facing up to your problems______ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.A.more thanB.rather thanC.along withD.or rather6.The Scottish girl ______blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.A.byB.ofC.inD.with7.What we expect from you is working hard ______hardly working.A.less thanB.rather thanC.as well asD.as much as8.Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always______ whenever she tries to.A.in the wayB.on watchC.in sightD.on the line9.Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look ______a book about it in yourlocal library.A.onB.atC.forD.to10.An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered______ a long lost antique Greek vase.A.at randomB.by chanceC.in turnD.on occasion11.The doctor advised the patient to give up smoking ______his own health.A.in terms ofB.as a result ofC.in regard toD.for the sake of12.______the wet weather, they managed to arrive at the worksite before daybreak.A.In spite ofB.In case ofC.Instead ofD.In place of13.That's all for today.______where we'll get the funds,we'll talk about that later.A.In common withB.On behalf ofC.In place ofD.As to14.I went along thinking nothing ______, just looking at things around me.A.in briefB.in doubtC.in particularD.in harmony15.After the disaster, the villagers decided to build a monument ______the rescue workers who lost their lives.A.in search ofB.in place ofC.in need ofD.in memory of16.—When did you become an actor?—______1995, when I graduated from college.A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since17.Scientists have shown that there is a connection______ cigarette smoking and certain diseases.A.withB.betweenC.toD.for18.According to the report, the number of domestic tourists visiting Shanghai has risen______5%, hitting 90 million.A.withB.byC.forD.from19.It was on a night in November that I looked with pride ______the result of my work.A.asB.forC.atD.upon20.The house has been decorated ______my taste, but I have to admit that many don't like it at all.A.withB.inC.onD.to21.Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ______half an hour.A.byB.inC.forD.until22.September 30 is the day ______which you must pay your bill.A.byB.forC.withD.in23.It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life______ his great wealth.A.withoutB.despiteC.inD.to24.Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A.in demandB.in storeC.on loanD.on sale25.Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay______.A.in placeB.in orderC.in shapeD.in fashion。
高考英语专题练习（五）介词与介词短语1．The university started some new language programs to cater _______ the country's Silk Road Economic Belt. 2．The whole team count _______ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.3．Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but _______ Thomas Edison.4．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _______ animals both on land and sea?5．Most people work because it's unavoidable. _______ contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work. 6．We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal _______ our emotions than for straight facts.7．These comments came in response _______ specific questions often asked by local newsmen.8．This meeting room is a non－smoking area. I would like to warn you _______ advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.9．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃_______ the average.10．The little pupil took his grandma _______ the arm and walked her across the street.11．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃____ the average.A．below B．on C．at D．above12．September 30 is the day ______ which you must pay your bill.A．by B．for C．with D．in13．These comments came _______ specific questions often asked by local newsmen.A．in memory of B．in response toC．in touch with D．in possession of14．What we expect from you is working hard hardly working?A．less than B．rather thanC．as well as D．as much as15．_______ a common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform.A．of B．on C．to D．with16．Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.A．in demand B．in store C．on loan D．on sale17．Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _______ sale. 18．But Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution _______ these villages without a local shop. 19．When Jane got home, with her small but well－chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _______ table having supper.21．Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads _______ greater success in one's life. 22．Respect is very important _______ home, at school, and everywhere you go.23．First, some of us are upset _______ their body styles and looks.24．The spirit then advised them to wrap the rice and bind it _______ throwing it into the river.25．The first college graduate out of a remote village, my success set an example for my folks.26．Brianna said that every day she would walk into kindergarten and see a smile _______ my face. 27．According to Jack, there are eight boys in his class who failed, _______ (include) himself and Scott. 28．Some chopsticks are decorated _______ colored pictures.29．We are going to travel on camels _______ the Sahara Desert.30．I turned _______ the guides for help, but they were impatient.31．I had no idea you were coming, but I am certainly glad to see you. I was feeling very nervous about going there _______ friends.32．They expect answers to get them back _______ their feet again.33．That is true for me, but I know that my husband listens to the radio while he is working _______ home. 34．“Thank you, sir. And God bless you. ”the grateful child said to him and then pushed his brother down the sidewalk _______ their home.35．James Watt would not have made the steam engine _______ his curiosity about the rising of the kettle lid. 36．I will go to Liverpool _______ business tomorrow morning.介词与介词短语答案1．for2．on3．for4．to5．By6．to7．to8．in9．above10．by11~15．DABBA 16．B17．on18．to19．at20．after/from/with21．to22．at23．about24．before25．As26．on27．including28．with29．through30．to31．without32．on33．at34．toward(s)35．without/but for36．on介词与介词短语解析1．句意:大学开始开设一些新的语言项目,以迎合中国的丝绸之路经济带.固定表达cater for迎合,满足所需. 2．句意:整个团队依靠Cristians Ronaldo,他很少让他们失望.固定表达count on依靠,指望.3．句意:如果没有托马斯·爱迪生的话,我们现在所受益的许多东西是不会出现的.but for如果没有的话.4．5．句意:大多数人工作是因为无法避免,相比之下,也有一些人真的喜欢工作.固定表达by contrast相比之下. 6．句意:我们倾向于对令感官兴奋的或吸引我们情感的东西记忆深刻.固定表达appeal to对……有吸引力. 7．句意:这些解释是对当地记者经常询问的特定问题的回应.固定表达in response to作为对……的回答,作为对……的反应.8．句意:这个会议室是禁烟区.我想提前警告你,如果你吸烟,你会被罚款的.固定表达in advance预先,提前. 9．句意:去年是有记录以来最热的一年,比全球平均气温高0.68度. above高于,在……之上,符合句意.10．11．句意:去年是有纪录以来最热的一年,全球平均气温上升0.68度.With的宾语global temperature,宾语补足above the average.12．介词by到…时为止;通过;for为了,因为;with和…;in在…里面;句义:你必须在9月30日这一天之前付账单的.根据句义可知本句中的by表示到…时为止.故A正确.易错起源1．介词辨析一、表示时间的介词1．in, on, at, over（1）in表示在一段时间之内.通常时间较长,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等.如:in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in one's thirties, in the morning等.（2）on表示具体的某一天及其早、中、晚.如:on May 1st, on Monday, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning等.（3）at表示在一个时间点上.指某一时刻或较短暂的时间,也泛指圣诞节,复活节等.如:at 3:20, at this time of year, at Christmas, at night, at this moment等.（4）over后面接一段时间,表示“超过……”或“在……期间”.如:David Crum, the CEO of Geldart Software, announced that the corporation would open three branches in Bangkok over the next several months.（5）在last, next, this, that, some, every等词之前一律不用介词.如:He went to Japan last year.We meet every day.2．in, after（1）“in＋一段时间”表示将来的一段时间之后.如:My mother will come back in three or four days.（2）“after＋一段时间”表示过去的一段时间之后.如:He arrived after five months.（3）“after＋具体时间”表示将来或过去的某一时刻之后.如:She will appear after five o'clock this afternoon.The rain began to fall after seven.3．from, since, for（1）from后接具体时间,说明从什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久.如:I hope to do morning exercises from today.（2）since后接具体过去时间,表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用.如:We have not seen each other since 2010．（3）for后接一段时间,通常与完成时连用.如:I have been in the army for 5years.二、表示地点方位的介词1．at, in, on, to（1）at表示在小地方或“在……附近;在……旁边”.如:He arrived at the station at ten.He is sitting at the desk.（2）in表示在大地方或“在……范围之内”.如:He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.Shandong lies in the east of China.（3）on表示毗邻或接壤.如:Russia lies on the north of China.（4）to表示“在……范围外”,不强调是否接壤.如:Japan is to the east of China.2．above, over, on（1）above意为“在……上方”,只表示位置高于某物但不强调是否垂直,与below相对.如:The bird is flying above my head.（2）over意为“在……之上”,表示垂直高于,与under相对.over强调与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触.如:There is a bridge over the river.（3）on意为“在……之上”,表示在某物体上面并与之接触.如:He put his watch on the desk.2．above, over, on（1）above意为“在……上方”,只表示位置高于某物但不强调是否垂直,与below相对.如:The bird is flying above my head.（2）over意为“在……之上”,表示垂直高于,与under相对.over强调与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触.如: There is a bridge over the river.（3）on意为“在……之上”,表示在某物体上面并与之接触.如:He put his watch on the desk.易错起源2．考查介词短语辨析13．14．介词动词less than少于…;rather than而不是…;as well as…和…同…也…并;as much as…多达…;句义:我们对你的期待是努力工作而不是几乎不工作.根据句义说明B正确.高考主要考查学生对固定短语的掌握程度、对短语意义的了解以及介词在这些固定搭配中的应用.1．名词词组:如on the contrary相反;in turn依次;in one's opinion根据某人的看法;on time准时;out of reach够不着2．动词词组:如remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事;rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人的……;result from由……引起;call at访问(某地)3．形容词词组:如be curious about对……好奇;be proud of因……而自豪;be popular with受到……的欢迎4．介词短语:如apart from除……之外;in addition to除……之外(还);because of因为;instead of代替;in fear of 为……提心吊胆;for fear of以免;in case of防备,万一;thanks to由于;in the middle of在……中间according to根据;in front of在……前面;in return for作为对……的回报;in charge of负责;as a result of作为……的结果;in exchange for与……交换等.易错起源3．考查介词或介词短语的用法15．_考察介词辨析. A．of表示关于,表示从属关系;B．on表示在…之上;C．to表示对于;D．with表示和…在一起.该句意思为:他们共有的关于他们学校的记忆是校服.故选A16．三、表示运动方向的介词1．across, over, through（1）across表示从物体表面穿过,与on有关.如:across the playground/square/desert/river（2）over表示动作是在空中进行的.如:He jumped over the wall.（3）through表示从物体里面穿过,与in有关.也可表示时间,指“(从开始到结束)经历了……”.如:through the pipe/forest/doorWe work hard all through the year.2．in, into（1）in通常表示静态,意为“在……里面”.如:We walked in the park.我们在公园里走着.（2）into通常表示动态,意为“进入到……里面”.如:We walked into the park.我们走进了公园.四、表示原因的介词1．for表示原因时,常与sorry, famous, punish, praise, thank, blame等词连用.如:I am sorry for what I said to you.2．at表示引起某种情感变化的原因,常与表示看、听或喜、怒、吃惊的词连用,意为“因听到或看到……而……”.如:He was surprised at the news.3．from常接抽象名词表示自然、间接或外在的原因,如受伤、车祸等.如:He died from the wound.4．of多用于表示自身或内在的原因,如病、饿等.如:The old man died of hunger.5．with指生理上或情感上由外界到内心的原因.如:Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.He was shaking with anger.6．by表示外部的,尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因.如:She took your umbrella by mistake.她错拿了你的雨伞.7．over一般用于cry, weep, laugh等带有感情色彩的动词后,表示所发生的事情的原因.如:She wept over the death of her daughter.We laughed over the victory.8．because of表示引起结果的直接原因.如:He retired last month because of his illness.9．thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因,常意为“幸亏……,多亏……”.如:Thanks to John, we won the game.17．考查介词搭配.她发现一些优质的烟斗在出售中.固定短语on sale出售,廉价出售.18．考查介词搭配.福克斯先生希望这个新的发明能给没有商店的村子提供一个解决的方法.固定表达offer sth to sb向某人提供某物.19．20．考查介词.“他感到累”应是“在辛辛苦苦干了一整天之后”,表示“在……之后”要用介词after.另外,表示“因做某事而累”也可用be tired from/with doing来表示,故也可填from/with.21．考查介词搭配.这能够导致人生中更大的成功.固定短语lead to导致.22．考查固定搭配.at home在家.23．考查固定搭配.我们中的一些人对自己的体型和长相感到非常失望.be upset about对……感到沮丧/难过. 24．考查介词.“将它裹好、绑好”应是在“将粽子扔进河里”之前.25．考查介词.作为第一个从山村里走出来的大学生,我的成功给我的同胞树立了榜样.as作为.26．27．考查介词.根据杰克的话,班里有八个男生不及格,包括他自己和斯科特.including包括,包含.28．考查固定搭配.一些筷子用彩色的图画装饰.be decorated with由……装饰.29．考查介词.我们将骑骆驼穿过撒哈拉沙漠.through通过.30．考查固定搭配.turn to sb. for help向某人寻求帮助.31．考查介词.没有朋友一起去,我会很紧张的. without没有.32．考查介词搭配.on one's feet站立, get sb back on one's feet跌倒后再爬起来.33．考查介词搭配.我丈夫在家工作时听收音机.at home在家.33．at34．考查介词.这个感激的男孩感谢了他,然后推着他的哥哥朝家里走去.表示“向,朝”要用介词toward(s). 35．考查介词.没有对烧水时被顶起来的壶盖的好奇心,詹姆斯·瓦特也就不会发明蒸汽机.without没有或but for要不是.35．without/but for36．。
