Hawking Radiation from Rotating Black Holes and Gravitational Anomalies

山西大同大学教学名师 — — 赵 仁姓 名赵 仁 性 别男 民 族汉族 职 称 教授 职 务处长 出生年月 1956.11 政治面貌群 众毕业学校 西安交大学 位 博 士 学 历博士研究生参加工作时间1981.09教学及科研成果简介赵 仁 ，1956年11月生于山西朔州，联系地址：山西大同大学研究生处，大同，037009 Email：zhaoren2969@； zhao2969@一、教育科研经历学历教育2004.09 — 2007.12：西安交通大学攻读博士学位，理学博士1995.09 — 1997.07：山西教育学院物理系1978.09 — 1981.07：雁北师范专科学校物理系进修与培训1984.03 — 1985.01： 华东师范大学物理系理论物理进修班学习1986.09 — 1988.07： 辽宁大学理论物理助教班，学习理论物理硕士研究生课程1993.09 — 1994.07： 北京师范大学物理系做国内访问学者工作经历1981.07： 山西大同大学物电学院（雁北师范专科学校、雁北师范学院）任教,教授2001.07： 雁北师范学院学位办主任2001.08： 被聘为南昌大学兼职硕士生导师2007.01： 山西大同大学研究生处处长2008.12： 被聘为中北大学兼职博士生导师二、主要学术成果1. Ren Zhao, Hui-Hua Zhao, Meng-Sen Ma, Li-Chun Zhang，On the critical phenomenaand thermodynamics of charged topological dilaton AdS black holes，Eur. Phys. J. C (2013) 73:26452.Lichun Zhang, Huaifan Li, Ren Zhao, Ronggen Cai, The Entropy of A Dielectric Black Hole, Modern Physics Letters A , 2013, 28 (07): 1350009 3. Ren Zhao, Mengsen Ma, Huaifan Li, Lichun Zhang, On Thermodynamics of Charged andRotating Asymptotically AdS Black Strings ，Advances in High Energy Physics ，Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 371084, 7 pages4.Huihua Zhao, Guangliang Li, Lichun Zhang, Hawking and Unruh Effects of a 5-Dimensional Minimal Gauged Supergravity Black Hole by a Global Embedding Approach, En tropy 2013, 15, 1057-10685.Ren Zhao, Lichun Zhang, A new explanation for statistical entropy of charged black hole,SCIENCE CHINA Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy, 2013, 56(9): 1632-16356.Lichun Zhang, Huaifan Li，Huihua Zhao, Ren Zhao. Analytic study of properties ofholographic superconductors with Weyl corrections, International Journal of Theoretical Physics, Int J Theor Phys (2013) 52: 2455–24637.Lichun Zhang, Huaifan Li, Ren Zhao,Ronggen Cai. Entanglement entropy of acousticblack hole in Bose-Einstein Condensatem. Astrophysics and Space Science: Astrophys Space Sci (2013) 344:451–4548.Huaifan Li，Huihua Zhao, Lichun Zhang, Quantum statistical entropy of dielectric blackhole, International Journal of Theoretical Physics: 2013，52(2) : 362-3679.Jianhua Shi, Shuangqi Hu, Ren Zhao, Entanglement entropy of a black hole and isolatedhorizon, Astrophysics and Space Science: Astrophys Space Sci (2013) 343:555–558 10.Huihua Zhao, Guangliang Li, Lichun Zhang, Generalized uncertainty principle andentropy of three-dimensional rotating acoustic black hole, Physics Lett. A 2012, 376: 2348-235111.Ren Zhao, Lichun Zhang, Huihua Zhao, Quantum statistical entropy of Schwarzchild-deSitter spacetime Astrophysics and Space Science: 2012, 341: 675-67912.Ren Zhao，Lichun Zhang Hawking radiation from a dielectric black hole，AstrophysSpace Sci (2012) 338，295–30013.Cao Shuo, Zhu zonghong, Zhao Ren, Testing and selecting dark energy models with lensredshift data, PHYSICAL REVIEW D 84, 023005 (2011)14.Lichun Zhang, Huaifan Li and Ren Zhao Thermodynamics of the Reissner-Nordstrom-deSitter black hole, SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy 2011，54(8):1384-138715.Lichun Zhang, Huaifan Li and Ren Zhao Hawking and Unruh effects of the cosmologicalhorizon in a higher-dimensional Kerr-de Sitter spacetime by the global embedding approach，Europhyisics Letter. 2011(94) :4000316.张丽春，李怀繁，赵仁. 利用新的整体嵌入方法研究高维旋转黑洞的Hawking效应和Unruh效应, 物理学报 2011，60(8): 08040317.Lichun Zhang, Huaifan Li, Ren Zhao, Yueqin Wu, Thermodynamics of the five-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole, Astrophys Space Sci, 2011，335(2):523-52718.Lichun Zhang, Huaifan Li, Ren Zhao. Tunneling mechanism in higher-dimensionalrotating black hole with a cosmological constant in the approach of dimensional reduction，Astrophys Space Sci (2011) 333: 457-46219.Lichun Zhang, Huaifan Li, Ren Zhao. Hawking radiation from a rotating acoustic blackhole, Phys. Lett. B,2011, 698: 438-44220.Lichun Zhang，Hai Lin, Huaifan Li, Ren Zhao. Radiation spectrum of rotating Gödel blackhole and correction entropy，Chines Physics C，2011，35（4）：339-34321.张丽春，林海，李怀繁，赵仁，Kerr-Newman 时空中带电旋转粒子的Hawking辐射，中国科学G辑：物理、力学、天文学，2011，41（3）：221-22622.Ren Zhao, Li-Chun Zhang,Yue-Qin Wu, Huai-Fan Li，Temperature and Energy of 4-Dimensional Axisymmetric Black Holes from Entropic Force，Int J Theor Phys, 2011 50(4): 244-25023.Li Chun Zhang, Yue Qin Wu, Huai Fan Li, and Ren Zhao，Radiation Spectrum andCorrection to the Entropy of the Kerr-(anti)de Sitter Black Hole in all Dimensions，Chinese Journal of Physics, 2010, 48(4): 439-45024.张丽春，李怀繁，赵仁，Schwarzchild-de Sitter 黑洞的热力学性质，物理学报 2010，59(12):8994-899825.Zhang Lichun，Li Huaifan, Zhao Ren, Radiation spectrum and entropy correction of blackholes in Horava-Lifshitz gravity，Europhyisics Letter. 2010(89) :2000826.Zhao Ren, Li Huaifan, Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin, Hawking radiation and entropy in deSitter spacetime, Astrophys Space Sci (2010) 330: 361–36527.赵仁，张丽春，李怀繁 Kerr-Newman黑洞的辐射谱 物理学报 2010，29(5): 2982-298628.Zhang Lichun, Li Huaifan, Wu Yueqin, Zhao Ren Hawking Radiation Spectrum andEntropy Correction of Apparent Horizon in a FRW Universe Int J Theor Phys, 2010, 49(4): 1587-159429.张丽春，赵仁 Kerr-Newman-de Sitter 黑洞辐射谱和熵修正 物理学报 2010，59(4): 2217-222230.Zhao Ren, Li Huaifan, Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin Radiation spectrum of a high-dimensional rotating black hole SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy 2010，53(3):504-50731.Ren Zhao, Li-Chun Zhang, and Huai-Fan Li, Hawking radiation of a Reissner–Nordström–de Sitter black hole, General Relativity and Gravitation. 2010, 42(4): 975-98332.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun, Li Huaifan, hawking radiation of charged particles in reissner-nordstrom black hole, Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China), 2010,53 (3): 499–502 33.Zhang Lichun, Li Huaifan, Zhao Ren, radiation spectrum and correction entropy of (n+4)-dimensional kerr-(A)dS black hole, Int J Theor Phys, 2010, 49(4): 791-79734.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin, Li Huaifan, Generalized uncertainty principle andtunneling radiation of the SAdS5 black hole, Chin. Phys. B, 2010, 19(1): 01040235.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun, Li Huaifan, Wu Yueqin. Hawking radiation of a high-dimensional rotating black hole, The European Physical Journal C. 2010, 65(1): 289-293 36.Li Huaifan, Zhang Shengli, Zhao Ren. General Radiation Spectrum of a Kerr-NewmanBlack Hole, Chinese Journal of Physics, 2009, 47(5): 618-62437.胡双启，张丽春，赵仁，Schwarzschild-de Sitter黑洞的Hawking辐射，物理学报. 2009, 58(10):6798-6802.38.Ren Zhao, Li-Chun Zhang, Yue-Qin Wu, and Huai-Fan Li, Generalized UncertaintyRelation and Hawking Radiation of the Black Hole , International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 2009,48(11): 3220-322739.Ren Zhao, Yue-Qin Wu, Li-Chun Zhang and Huai-Fan Li, Bekenstein-Hawkingcosmological entropy and correction term corresponding cosmological horizon of rotating and charged black string, Commun. Theor. Phys. 2009,52(6):264-26840.Huai-Fan Li, Sheng-Li Zhang, Yue-Qin Wu, Li-Chun Zhang and Ren Zhao, Hawkingradiation of Kerr–Newman–de Sitter black hole, The European Physical Journal C. 2009, 63(1): 133-13841.Li-Chun Zhang, Yue-Qin Wu, Huai-Fan Li, Ren Zhao, Hawking radiation and entropycorrection of a black hole, Europhyisics Letter. 2009 (86) :5900242.Ren Zhao, Yue-Qin Wu, Li-Chun Zhang, Hawking Radiation of Charged Particles from aRotating Black String, International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 2009, 48(5):1231-1238 43.Ren Zhao, Yue-Qin Wu, Li-Chun Zhang, Entropy of a rotating and charged black stringto all orders in the planck length, Chinese Physics B. 2009, 18(5):1749-178444.Ren Zhao, Yue-Qin Wu, Li-Chun Zhang and Huai-Fan Li, Hawking radiation of five-dimensional rotating black hole, The European Physical Journal C. 2009, 60(4): 685-69045.赵仁，张丽春，李怀繁. 广义测不准关系和三维BTZ黑洞熵. 物理学报. 2009, 58(4): 2193-2197.46.*L.-C. Zhang, H.-F. Li, R. Zhao, Canonical Entropy of Higher-Dimensional Reissner-Nordstroem Black Hole. Bulgarian Journal of Physics. 2007, 34(2) (34): 092-10247.赵仁，张丽春，李怀繁. 黑洞的Hawking辐射. 物理学报. 2008, 57(12), 7463-7466.48.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin , Li Huaifan. Entropy of Four-DimensionalSpherically Symmetric Black Holes with Planck mun. Theor. Phys.2008,50(6):1327-133049.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun, Li Huaifan, Wu Yueqin. Entropy of Kerr-Newman Black Hole toAll Orders in the Planck Length. International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 2008, 47(12): 3083-309050.Li-Chun Zhang, Huai-Fan Li, Ren Zhao and Yue-Qin Wu,Canonical entropy of black holein the generalized uncertainty principle. International Journal of Theoretical Physics.2008, 47 (7): 2021-2028（SCI: 310IF）51.Zhang Lichun, , Wu Yueqin, Li Huaifan, Zhao puting the Entropy of Kerr-Newman Black Hole Without Brick Walls Method, International Journal of Modern Physics A, 2008,23(20): 3155-316352.Zhang Shaoming, Hu Shuangqi, Zhao Ren, Entropy of toroidal black hole to all orders inthe Planck length, IL NUOVO CIMENTO, 2008,123(2): 247-255（SCI:363OF）53.张丽春，武月琴，赵仁，带电黑洞Bekenstein-Hawking熵的修正值,中国科学G辑：物理、力学、天文学，2008，38（9）：1113－111954.Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin, Zhao Ren, Correction value to charged bekenstein-Hwakingblack hole entropy, Sciencein China Series G: Physics, mechanics & Astronomg, 2008, 51(9): 1214-1220（SCI:335UO）55.Zhao Ren, Wu Yueqin, Zhang Lichun, Canonical entropy and phase transition of rotatingblack hole, Chinese Physics Letters, 2008,25(7):2385-2388(SCI:321SE)56.Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin, Li Huaifan, Zhao Ren.Generalized Uncertainty Principle andThermodynamic Quantities of SAdS5 Black Hole, Commun. Theor. Phys., 2008, 50(1): 97-100(SCI: 333AQ,IF:0.726)57.Li Huaifan, Zhang Shengli, Wu Yueqin, Zhao Ren, Entanlement Entropy of The Six-Dimensional Horwitz Strominger Black Hole, International Journal of Modern Physics A, 2008,23(13): 1963-1972(SCI: 321JE)58.张丽春, 胡双启, 李怀繁, 赵仁. 轴对称黑洞的量子统计熵. 物理学报, 2008, 57(6): 3328-333259.Zhao Ren, Wu Yueqin, Zhang Lichun. Generalized uncertainty principle andthermodynamic quantities of the Achucarro-Ortiz black hole. Modern Physics Letters A, 2008,23(11): 839-84660.Zhao Ren, Zhang ShengLi. Quantum statistical entropy corresponding to cosmic horizonin five-dimensional spacetime. Sciencein China Series G: Physics, mechanics & Astronomg, 2008, 51(2): 140-14661.Liu Xinmei, Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin, Zhao Ren.Entropy of Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger dilaton black holes with the planck length. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2008, 122B(8): 909-91762.Zhang Ya, Hu Shuangqi, Zhao Ren, Li Huaifan. Generalized uncertainty principle andcorrection value to the kerr black hole Entropy. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2008, 47(1): 520-525(SCI: 269WO)63.Zhao Ren, Zhao Haixia, Hu Shuagnqi. General Logarithmic Corrections to Bekenstein-Hawking Entropy. Modern Physics Letters A, 2007, 22(23): 1737-1743, gr-qc/0609080(SCI: 243EV)64.赵 仁, 张丽春, 张胜利. 正则黑洞熵与相变. 物理学报, 2007, 56(12): 7355-7358(SCI: 246PI,EI: 080311033748)65.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lihun, Wu Yueqin. Calculating Entropy of Plane Symmetry Black Holevia Generalized Uncertainty Relation. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2007, 46: 3128-3134(SCI: 235LS)66.赵 仁, 张胜利. 五维时空中宇宙视界对应的量子统计熵. 中国科学 G辑 物理 力学 天文学,2007, 37, (4): 434-43967.Zhao Ren, zhang Lichun, Zhang Shengli. Canonical Entropy of Reissner-Nordstrom BlackHole. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2007, 46(8): 2158-2167(SCI: 215KR)68.赵 仁, 张丽春, 张胜利. 正则黑洞熵. 物理学报, 2007, 56(7):3719-3722(SCI:191ME)69.Zhao Haixia, Li Huaifan, Hu Shuangqi, Zhao Ren. Generalized uncertainty principle andblack hole Entropy of higher-dimensional de sitter spacetime. Commun. Theor. Phys., 2007, 48(3): 465-468(SCI: 212MJ)70.Zhao Ren, Li Huaifan, Hu Shuangqi. Hawking Radiation as Tunneling for RotatingCharged Black Strings. Chinese Journal of Physics, 2007, 45(1): 32-40(SCI: 138BL)71.Zhao Ren, Zhang Shengli. Generalized uncertainty principle and black hole entropy.Physics Letters B, 2006, 641: 208-211(SCI: 093WS,IF:5.043)72.Zhao Ren Zhang Shengli. Canonical entropy of three-dimensional BTZ black hole.Physics Letters B, 2006,641: 318-322; gr-qc/0608122(SCI: 092ZS,IF:5.043)73.Hu Shuangqi, Zhang Lichun, Zhao Ren. Black Cylinder Entropy Without Brick Walls. ILNuovo Cimento, 2006, 121B (03): 221-227 (SCI: 074ZQ, IF: 0.324)74.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun, Hu Shuangqi. (Anti)-de Sitter Black Hole Entropy and theGeneralized Uncertainty Principle. Commun. Theor. Phys., 2006, 45(4): 635-638(IF:0.726) 75.Zhao Ren, Wu Yueqin, Zhang Shengli. Quantum Statistical Entropy of the Five-Dimensional black hole. Commun. Theor. Phys., 2006, 45(5): 849-852(SCI:047IK, IF:0.726) 76.Zhao Ren, Li Huaifan, Zhang Shengli. Hawking Radiation as Tunneling for Kerr-Newman-de Sitter black hole. Romanian Journal of Physics, 2006,51(7-8): 709-71777.赵仁, 张丽春, 胡双启. 探讨黑洞Hawking辐射的新方法--量子统计法. 物理学报, 2006, 55(8):3898-3901(SCI: 073MF, IF:1.051)78.赵仁, 张丽春, 胡双启. 黑洞的统计熵. 物理学报, 2006, 55(8): 3902-3905(SCI: 073MF,IF:1.051)79.Zhao Ren, Hu Shuang-Qi. Quantum Statistical Entropy of the 5-Dimensional Stringyblack hole. Chinese Journal of Physics, 2006, 44(3): 172-179(SCI: 053ZI)80.Zhao Ren, Hu Shuang-Qi. Quantum statistic entropy of three-dimensional BTZ blackhole. International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 2006, 45(6): 1163-1170(SCI: 060WP) 81.Zhao Ren, Zhang Sheng-Li. Cardy-Verlinde Formula and Thermodynamics of Black Holein Higher Dimensional Space-Time. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2006,45(6): 1116-1123(SCI: 060WP, IF: 0.389)82.Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin, Li Huaifan. Canonical entropy of higher-dimension black hole.IL Nuovo Cimento, 2006, 121B(7): 743-75083.Zhao Ren, Zhang Shengli. Cardy-Verlinde formula and logarithmic correction of D-dimensional global monopole black hole. Chinese Journal of Physics, 2005, 43(6): 1044-1050(SCI:995QS, IF:0.440)84.Zhao Ren, Zhang Shengli. Entropy Correction for Kerr Black Hole. Commun. Theor.Phys., 2005, 44(6): 1037-1040(SCI:001LC, IF:0.872)85.Hu Shuangqi, Zhao Ren. Uncertainty relation and black hole entropy of Kerr spacetime.Chinese Physics, 2005, 14(07): 1477-1481(SCI: 943CJ)86.Zhao Ren, Zhang Zizhen, Zhang Shengli. Uncertainty relation and black hole entropy ofNUT-Kerr-Newman spacetime. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2005, 120B (1): 61-67(SCI: 963CM) 87.Zhao Ren, Wu Yueqin, Zhang Lichun. The Nernst theorem and the statistical entropy ofThe NUT-Kerr-Newman black hole. Bulgarian Journal of Physics, 2005,32: 1-988.Zhang Zizhen, Zhang Lichun. Calculating the entropy of Garfinkle- Horowitz- Stromingerdilaton without brick-wall method. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2004, 119B(10): 1001-1006(SCI: 928TH)89.Zhao Ren, Zhang Shengli. Statistical entropy of the A torus-like black hole. IL NuovoCimento, 2004, 119B(6): 557-563(SCI: 901EJ)90.Hu Shuangqi, Zhao Ren. Uncertainty Relation and Black Hole Entropy of ToroidalSpacetime. International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics, 2004, 1(6):731-737(SCI: 888RZ)91.Ding Tianran, Zhao Ren. Quantum Statistical Entropy of Kerr-de Sitter Black Hole.International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics, 2004, 1(1):159-166(SCI: 885MF)92.Zhao Ren, Wu Yueqin, Zhang Shengli. Quantum Statistical Entropy of d-dimensionalHorowitz -Strominger Black Hole. Gen. Rel. Grav., 2004,36(11): 2539-2547(SCI:875EV) 93.Zhao Ren, Zhang Li-Chun. Statistical entropy of a rotating higher-dimensional blackholes. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2004, 119B(1): 33-40(SCI: 859OB)94.张丽春, 赵仁. 具有双旋转参数5-维黑洞的Cardy-Verlinde公式. 物理学报, 2004, 53(12):4435-4438(SCI: 775NT)95.赵仁, 张丽春. 黑洞的量子统计熵. 数学物理学报, 2004, 24A(5): 513-52096.Zhao Ren, Zhang Sheng-Li. Dilatonic black hole entropy without brick walls. Gen. Rel.Grav., 2004, 36 (9): 2123-2130(SCI:847NN)97.Zhang Li-Chun, Zhao Ren, Lin Hai. Horowitz-Strominger Black Hole Entropy WithoutBrick Wall. Chinese Physics Letters, 2004,21(6)1009-1012(SCI: 831MM)98.Zhao Ren, Hu Shuang-Qi. Reissner-Nordstrom black hole without brick walls. IL NuovoCimento, 2004, 119B(2): 149-155(SCI: 859OC)99.Zhang Li-Chun, Wu Yue-Qin, Zhao Ren. Quantum Statistical Entropy for Kerr-de SitterBlack Hole. Chinese Physics, 2004, 13(06): 974-978100.Ding Tianran, Wu Yueqin, Zhang Lichun. Bosonic and fermionic entropy of black holes with different temperatures on horizon surface. Chinese Physics, 2004, 13(02):268-272(SCI: 770UK)101.Zhao Ren, Wu Yue-Qin, Zhang Li-Chun. Quantum Statistical Entropy of Sen Black Hole.Turkish Journal of Physics, 2004, 28(2): 81-87(EI: 04238192675)102.张丽春, 赵 仁. Sen黑洞熵与能斯特定理. 物理学报, 2004, 53(2): 362-366(SCI: 775NT) 103.Zhao Ren, Guo Yong, Ding Bing Jun. The entropy of a Kim black hole and the Nernst theorem. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2003,118B(7) 685-691(SCI: 937PT)104.Zhao Ren, Wu Yue-Qin, Zhang Li-Chun. Spherically symmetric black-hole without brick walls. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 2003, 20(22): 4885-4890(SCI: 752AC)105.Zhao Ren, Wu Yue-Qin, Zhang Li-Chun. Nernst Theorem and the Statistical of 5-Dimensional Rotating black Hole. Communications in Theoretical Physics, 2003, 40(6): 745-748(SCI: 759LL)106.Zhao Ren, Wu Yue-Qin, and Zhang Li-Chun. Kaluza-Kelin black-hole entropy by quantum statistics. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2003, 42(4): 809-816(SCI: 695MH) 107.Zhao Ren, Guo Yong, Ding Bing Jun. Statistical Entropy of Higher-Dimensional Black Hole. Journal of the Korean Physical Society, 2003, 43(6): 987-990(SCI: 754JT)108.Zhao Ren, Wu Yue-Qin, Zhang Li-Chun. Bosonic and Fermionic Entropy for Dilaton Black Hole. Bulgarian Journal of Physics. 23(2003)(in press)(1)(2)U U109.Zhao Ren, Wu Yue-Qin, Zhang Li-Chun. Entropy of N-dimensional spherically symmetric charged black hole. Communications in Theoretical Physics, 2003, 39(4): 425-428(SCI: 671AF)110.韩伏龙, 张丽春, 赵 仁. A torus-like 黑洞与熵能斯特定理. 数学物理学报, 2003, 23A(6): 655-659111.张丽春, 韩伏龙, 赵 仁. Reissner-Nordstrom 黑洞几何中Dirac场的统计熵与能斯特定理.数学物理学报, 2003, 23A(1): 77-83112.赵 仁, 张丽春. 黑洞热力学关系式. 雁北师范学院学报, 2002, 18(5): 1-6113.赵 仁, 张丽春. 平面对称黑洞的统计熵. 物理学报, 2002, 51(1): 21-24(SCI: 512CZ)114.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun. Statistical entropy of Kerr black hole. International Journal of Modern Physics Letters D, 2002, 11(9): 1381-1387(SCI: 641FD)115.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. Quantum statistical entropy of black hole. Gen.Rel. Grav., 2002,34(12): 2063-2073(SCI: 616NN)116.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun, Yang Chunhua. Statistical entropy of a rotating cylindrical black hole. Chinese Journal of Physics, 2002, 40(5): 505-511(SCI: 604YC)117.Zhao Ren, Wu Yueqin, Zhang Lichun. Bosonic and frmionic entropy of tree-dimensional black hole. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2002, 117B(3): 367-372(SCI: 592UZ)118.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun. Entropy of Riessner-Nordstrom-anti-de Sitter black hole.Czechoslovak Journal of Physics, 2002, 52(6): 775-780(SCI: 574QR)119.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. Entropy of dilatonic black hole. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2002,41(7): 1369-1375(SCI: 582JN)120.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun. Statistical entropy of Vaidy-de Sitter black hole. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2002, 117B(1): 69-73(SCI: 564KC)121.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun. Entropy black hole. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2002, 117B(1): 129-136(SCI: 564KC)122.赵 仁, 张丽春. Kerr-Newman黑洞的统计熵. 物理学报, 2002, 51(6): 1167-1170(SCI: 559XE) 123.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. Statistical entropy of black cylinder. Gen. Rel.Grav., 2002, 34(5): 571-576(SCI: 564TJ)124.张丽春, 武月琴, 赵 仁. 轴对称Einstein-Maxwel-Dilaton-Axion黑洞熵与能斯特定理. 数学物理学报, 2002, 22A(1): 115-120125.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. Entropy of Reissner--Nordstrom--de Sitter black hole in non-thermal-equilibrium. Communications in Theoretical Physics, 2002, 37(1)45-48 (SCI: 515WT)126.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. Statistical Entropy of Horowitz-Strominger Black Hole. Communications in Theoretical Physics, 2002,37(5): 564-566(SCI: 558RF) 127.Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun, Zhao Ren. Statistical entropy of a charged black hole. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2001, 116B(8): 959-963(SCI: 500UE)128.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. The Nernst theorem and statistical entropy in 1+1 dimensional charged black hole. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2001, 116B (6): 707-711(SCI: 486TC)129.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. Statistical entropy of axial symmetry Einstein-Maxwel- Dilaton-Axion black hole. Bulgarian Journal of Physics, 2001, 28(5/6): 200-208 130.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. Statistical entropy of a cylindrical black hole.Il Nuovo Cimento, 2001, 116B(10): 1181-1186(SCI: 524VL)131.Zhang Lichun, Zhao Ren, Wu Yueqin. The entropy of the Dirac field on the background of the Reissner--Nordstrom black hole. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2001, 116B(5): 555-562(SCI: 477KA)132.Zhang Lichun, Zhao Ren and Wu Yueqin. Statistical entropy in Kaluza--Klein Geometry.IL Nuovo Cimento, 2001, 116B(3): 335-339(SCI: 476BX)133.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun. The Static Spherically Symmetric metric of a Schwarzschild black hole Surrounded by the Radiation Field. IL Nuovo Cimento, 2001,116B(5): 509-514(SCI: 477KA)134.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun, and Wu Yueqin. Nernst theorem and entropy of the axisymmetric Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion black hole. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2001, 40(9): 1657-1664(SCI: 479XH)135.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. Entropy of Schwarzschild-De Sitter Black Hole in Non-Thermal-Equilibrium. Modern Physics Letters A , 2001, 16 (11): 719-723(SCI: 434TN)136.Zhao Ren, Zhang Junfang, Zhang Lichun. Statistical entropy in Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. Nuclear Physics B, 2001,609: 247-252(SCI: 464EH)137.Wu Yueqin, Zhang Lichun, Zhao Ren. Black Hole and Cosmic Entropy for Schwarschild-de Sitter space-time. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2001, 40(5): 1001-1008(SCI: 438AW)138.赵 仁, 张丽春. Kim 黑洞熵与能斯特定理. 物理学报, 2001, 50(4): 593-596(SCI: 419KJ, EI: 04057987069)139.赵 仁, 张丽春. Reissner--Nordstrom几何中标量场的统计熵与能斯特定理. 物理学报, 2001, 50(6): 1015-1018(SCI: 438TC)140.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun. The Nernst theorem and the entropy of a cylindrical black hole.Modern Physics Letters A , 2000, 15(35): 2165-2170(SCI: 394DV)141.赵 仁, 张丽春. De Sitter宇宙的稳定性. 数学物理学报, 2000, 20增: 583-588142.Zhao Ren, Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin. The Nernst theorem and the entropy of the Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. Gen. Rel. Grav., 2000, 32(8): 1639 -1646(SCI: 348CP) 143.赵仁, 张丽春. 充满物质的Friedmann-Robertson-Walker宇宙的稳定性. 物理学报, 2000, 49(8): 1644-1647(SCI: 343CW)144.张丽春, 赵仁. 球对称带电动态时空中Dirac粒子的Hawking效应. 数学物理学报, 1999,19(5): 573-578145.Zhang Lichun, Wu Yueqin, Zhao Ren. Hawking Effect of the Dirac Particles of Evaporating146.张丽春、张全龙、赵仁. 结合物理教学在学生中开展科学教育. 雁北师范学院学报 6(1999) 18-20三、主持或参与的教研、科研项目纵向课题：1.李怀繁、赵 仁、郭雄英、赵惠华、刘芳：山西省青年科技研究基金“规范/引力对偶在强耦合凝聚态系统中的应用，（2012021003-4）”2012年1月－2014年12月2.李怀繁、赵 仁、史建华、郭雄英、刘先锋：AdS/CFT 对应在凝聚态物理中的应用（11205097），国家自然科学青年基金。

中性黑环时空中费米子的隧穿陈德友【摘要】研究五维时空中费米子的隧穿特征通常需要构造五个伽马矩阵.在本文中,我们以一个五维中性黑环为例,通过降维技术将五维降为四维,在四维时空中构造矩阵,对黑环的费米子隧穿辐射进行了研究.其研究结果表明,四维时空中同样可以得到五维黑环的霍金温度.【期刊名称】《西华师范大学学报（自然科学版）》【年(卷),期】2014(035)001【总页数】3页(P1-3)【关键词】中性黑环;隧穿效应;费米子【作者】陈德友【作者单位】西华师范大学理论物理研究所,四川南充637009【正文语种】中文【中图分类】P145.6最近的研究表明[1，2]，四维黑洞的温度可以通过费米子隧穿视界得到.在该研究中，人们无需假设粒子出射路径沿径向方向[3].为了求解粒子的作用量，人们首先需要构造伽马矩阵，以及假设费米子出射波函数的表达形式.最后，通过半经典近似得到粒子的隧穿率以及黑洞的温度.该方法的关键是构造伽马矩阵.将该工作推广到高维时空，五维以及六维时空中费米子的隧穿特性被研究[4，5].四维时空中的矩阵能很好的构造，然而，高维时空中的矩阵比较难构造.本文将以一个五维中性黑环为例，通过降维技术，将五维降为四维，达到简化构造伽马矩阵的目的，在四维中研究五维时空中费米子的隧穿特性.其结果表明，四维时空中同样可以得到五维时空视界处的霍金温度.中性黑环的度规给出如下[6]：ds2=其中，F(ξ)=1+λξ，G(ξ)=(1+vξ)(1-ξ2)，C(v，λ)=.v、λ是无维度的参数，且满足0<v≤λ<1.为了避免在x=-1和y=-1处奇异性的产生，φ、ψ选取具有2π的周期性.该环的视界位置在y=yh=- .为了方便研究粒子的隧穿特性，上述度规可以表示为ds2=-A(x，y)dt2+B-1(x，y)dy2+gψψ(dψ+N(x，y)dt)2+gxxdx2+gφφdφ2在视界处A(x，yh)=B(x，yh)=0，Ωh=-N(x，yh).一般情况下，人们直接从上述度规研究费米子在该时空中的隧穿特性.但在五维时空中不利于构造伽马矩阵.为了方便构造伽马矩阵，我们在四维时空中研究该五维度规.因此，我们对度规(2)进行坐标变换dψ=-N(x，y)dt，得到ds2=-f(x，y)dt2+g-1(x，y)dy2+gxxdx2+gφφdφ2，其中f(x，y)=，g(x，y)=-.费米子的运动方程满足弯曲时空中的狄拉克方程iγμ(∂μ+Ωμ)ψ+ψ=0，其中，矩阵满足关系式{γμ，γu}=2gμv，m是隧穿粒子的质量.我们选择如下γμ 矩阵对于自旋为1/2的粒子，这里有自旋向上和向下两个态，它们对应的波函数分别为我们选取向上态的波函数进行研究.将波函数和伽马矩阵带入狄拉克方程，整理后得到这个方程很难直接从上面方程中得出作用量的表达形式.考虑到时空的特性，我们进行变量分离如下I↑=-(ω-jΩ)t+W(y)+X(x，φ)，其中，ω是隧穿粒子的能量，j和Ω分别对应于角动量和角速度.将作用量带入方程(9)、(10)，可以得到复函数的X(x，φ)解.我们感兴趣的是方程(7)、(8)，因为，隧穿率由此决定.将作用量带入后，得到在视界处解得到在上面方程中，+(-)分别对应出射(入射)解，Ω+是视界处的角速度，f′(x，yh)=，g′(x，yh)= .因此，粒子的隧穿率为[7]Γ===所以，在黑环视界处的霍金温度为T==.在上面的讨论中，我们把五维时空降为四维，在四维时空中得到了五维中性黑环的温度.综上，在反常取消的研究方法中[8]，人们考虑到视界附件的性质，通过降维技术，将高维时空降为二维.通过反常抵消的方法，同样可以得到视界处的温度.在本文中，我们同样可以采用此方法进行研究，相同的霍金温度可以得到.【相关文献】[1] KERNER R，MANN R B.Charged Fermions Tunnelling from Kerr-Newman Black Holes [J].Phys Lett B，2008，665：277-283.[2] CHEN D，JIANG Q Q，ZU X T.Fermions Tunnelling from the Charged Dilatonic BlackHoles [J].Class Quant Grav，2008，25：205022.[3] PARIKH M P，WILCZEK F.Hawking Rradiation as Tunneling [J].Phys Rev Lett，2000，85：5042-5045.[4] JIANG Q Q.Dirac Particles’ Tunnelling from Black Rings [J].Phys Rev D，2008，78：044009.[5] LIN K，YANG S Z.Fermion Tunneling from Higher-Dimensional Black Holes [J].Phys Rev D，2009，79：064035.[6] EMPARAN R.Rotating Circular Strings，and Infinite Non-uniqueness of Black rings [J].JHEP，2004，03：064.[7] MITRA P.Hawking Temperature from Tunnelling Formalism [J].Phys Lett B，2007，648：240-242.[8] ROBINSON S P，WILCZEK F.A Relationship Between Hawking Radiation And Gravitational Anomalies [J].Phys Rev Lett，2005，95：011303.。

黑洞介绍英语作文带翻译标题，Exploring the Mysteries of Black Holes。

Introduction:Black holes have long been a subject of fascination and wonder for scientists and laypeople alike. These enigmatic cosmic phenomena, characterized by their immense gravitational pull and ability to devour everything intheir path, continue to captivate our imagination. In this essay, we will delve into the depths of black holes, exploring their formation, properties, and the profound impact they have on the universe.正文：1. What are Black Holes?Black holes are regions in space where thegravitational pull is so strong that nothing, not evenlight, can escape from them. They are formed when massive stars undergo gravitational collapse at the end of theirlife cycle. As the star's core runs out of fuel, it can no longer support its own weight against gravity, causing itto collapse in on itself. This collapse creates a singularity—a point of infinite density—surrounded by an event horizon, beyond which no information can escape.1. 黑洞的形成。

对史蒂芬霍金评价英文霍金的故事大家都知道。

可是对他的点评该怎么写呢?下边是我为大伙儿产生的XXX，坚信对你能有协助的。

对史蒂芬霍金评价英文篇一Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England, and moved to St. Albans in 1950. He joined the University of Oxford in 1959. He completed his degree in physics at Oxford University in 1962 and moved to Cambridge University to pursue his graduate studies. Hawking was diagnosed with motor neuron disease in 1963. He was admitted to the University of Cambridge as a researcher at the University of Cambridge and Gainesville in 1965. His research showed that the mathematical equations used to explain the collapse of the black hole could be explained by A point begins to swell in the universe. He was married to Jane Wilde, the eldest son of Robert, in 1967. In 1969 he was promoted to a Distinguished Achievement in Science at the Gonville and Keith College, and in 1970, Hawking studied the characteristics of the black hole. He predicted that the radiation from the black hole (now known as Hawking radiation) and the surface area of the black hole will never be reduced. The same year his daughter, Lucy, was born, and he began using the wheelchair that year, and in 1973 his first book, "Large Structures of Space Time," was published, and he was elected a member of the Royal Society in 1974. He continued to prove that the black hole Hawking was awarded the Order of Edinburgh of the Royal Astronomical Society of London in 1975-1976, the 11th Medal of the Vatican Pope's Science Society, the Hopkins Prize, The United States Denny Heinemann Award, Maxwell Award and the Royal Society of Hughes Medal of six awards in 1977 he was appointed professor of gravity physics at Cambridge University in 1978 by the world's highest award of theoretical physics research EinsteinIn 1979. His second son Timothy was born in 1979. His "General Theory of Relativity: Commemorating the Centenary of Einstein" was published in 1980. He served as Professor of Mathematics, Cambridge University, Lucas in 1981, he participated in the Vatican Cosmology Conference,Announced the concept of borderless and published "super-space and super-gravity." The same year he was awarded the British Empire High Knight .1985 he fell ill in Switzerland, the implementation of tracheostomy surgery to lose their language skills, with a computer with a sound generator. In 1988 he published "A Brief History of Time", won the Wolf Foundation Award, become the most popular book on quantum physics and relativity. In 1989 he was awarded the honorary jazz of the British Empire in 1990. He married 25 years in the wife of Jane Wilde divorce .1991 his "time history" the movie of the same name .In 1993 the black hole and the baby universe "And otherpapers." He was married to his nurse Elaine Mason on September 16, 1995. He continued to work at the University of Cambridge since 1996, and in October 20xx, his masterpiece " Universe "published in July 20xx, Hawking amended his original" black hole paradox "point of view wrong, information should be conserved. In 20xx, Hawking came to China for the third time, he still brought his latest research on cosmology, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Gymnasium hosted a speech entitled "the origin of the universe"; in the Great Hall of the people to Beijing "The Origins of the Universe." In 20xx, Hawking and Luigi Goffold co-author of the children's science fiction "George to the secret key to the universe" on September 6, the first published in France. This book is Hawking's first children's book, Hawking in the book to explain their children on the time and cosmic aspects of the doctrine .20xx August 12, he was awarded the Medal of Freedom.Second, Stephen William Hawking's research areas:Stephen Hawking has been working on the basic laws of the universe, focusing on black holes. Hawking's object is the universe, but he was never interested in observing astronomy, only a few telescopes pared with the traditional methods of experimentation and observation, Hawking's method is intuitive.Along with Roger Penrose, he found that Einstein's general theory of relativity implied that space and time began at the Big Bang and ended at the end of the black hole. These results suggest that it is necessary to combine general relativity with quantum theory, another scientific development in the first half of the twentieth century. One consequence of the combination he discovered was that the black hole should not be completely black, the black hole radiating outwards, eventually evaporating and disappearing. Another conjecture is that the universe has no edge in the time of imagination, it is infinite. This will mean that the way the universe is formed is entirely determined by the laws of science.At the same time he is also committed to theoretical physics, together with Penrose to prove the famous singularity theorem, he also proved the black hole area theorem.Third, Stephen William Hawking Main achievements: In 1989 he received the honorary title of the British Jazz, became the Royal Society and the United States Academy of Sciences foreign academician; received the London Astronomical Society Edin Dayton Medal; Vatican Pope's Science Society of the 11th Medal ; Johns Hopkins Award; the United States Daniou Heinemann Award; Maxwell Award; the Royal Society of Hughes Medal; in 1978 by the physical world's most prestigious awards - Albert Einstein Award; Rose won the 1988 Wolf Physics Award in 1988; Hawking book "A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to the Black Hole" won the Wolf Foundation Award; in 1962 he graduated in Oxford, Cambridge graduate; 1965 In 1973 he wasappointed a professor of gravity physics of Cambridge University; in 1979 he was appointed to the University of Cambridge; in 1974, he was appointed the University of Cambridge professor of physics of gravity; In 1988 he published "A brief history of time: from the big bang to the black hole" and won the Wolf Fund (the University of Cambridge), Professor of the University of Cambridge, Professor of mathematics; in 1981 he participated in the Vatican cosmology conference, announced the concept of borderless, Award; in 1989 was awarded the British Empire Honorary Jazz; August 12, 20xx, was awarded the Medal of FreedomFourth, Stephen William Hawking's scientific contribution:In 1973, he considered the quantum effect near the black hole and found that the black hole would emit radiation like a blackbody whose radiation temperature was inversely proportional to the mass of the black hole, so that the black hole would become smaller and smaller as the radiation,High, it ended in the last minute of the explosion. The discovery of black hole radiation has a very basic meaning, it will gravitational, quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics together. 2, after 1974, his research turned to quantum gravity theory. It is proposed that there is no pure state in the quantum gravity, and the causality is destroyed. Therefore, the unknowability is raised from classical statistical physics and quantum statistical physics to the third level of quantum gravity.3. After 1980, his interest turned to quantum cosmology.4, July 20xx, Hawking amended his original "black hole paradox" point of view, information should be conserved. 5, he also proved the black hole area theorem, that is, with the increase of time black hole area is not reduced. It is natural to associate the area of the black hole with the entropy of the thermodynamics.6, he proposed the Big Bang from the singularity of the beginning, the time from the moment, the black hole will eventually evaporate, in the unity of the 20th century, the two basic physics theory - Einstein's theory of relativity and Planck's quantum theory out An important step.7, November 1973, Hawking officially announced to the world, black holes continue to radiate X-ray, gamma ray, which is the famous "Hawking radiation"8, from the singularity of the Big Bang to the black hole radiation mechanism, Hawking on the development of quantum cosmology made an outstanding contribution. He also wrote many famous theories, such as: "A Brief History of Time" is a popular book about the nature of time and the forefront of the universe. It is the most important classics of contemporary scientific thought on the universe. It changes the concept of the universe. Is the undisputed authority of cosmology, it is a sincere and sincere form of private interviews, described Professor Hawking's life history and research work, to show a huge theoretical framework behind the real human. The Hawking Lecture - Black Hole, Infant Cosmos,and others "discusses virtual space, the birth of a baby universe caused by a black hole, and the efforts of scientists to seek a complete unification theory, and to free will, life values and human survival and evolutionary principles Made a unique insight."Shell in the universe" is Professor Hawking following the "brief history of time" after the most important works. He explained in plain language to remind us of the universe fully unfolded imagination, and with his unique enthusiasm, invites us to start an extraordinary journey of time and space."George opened the secret key to the universe" is Stephen Hawking's "children" period "popular science trilogy" one of the book on the black hole and many parts are outlined Hawking's new ideas, the book at home and abroad Rave reviews.5, Stephen William Hawking's charisma:Hawking's charm is not only because he is a legendary physical genius, but also because he is a compelling life strong. His constant search for the scientific spirit and courageous tenacious personality strength deeply attracted every one know him. He was nearly paralyzed and unable to pronounce, but in 1988 he published "A Brief History of Time," which has sold more than 25 million copies, making it one of the world's best-selling popular science books.He was hailed as "the greatest scientist alive," "another Einstein," "a strong life of the letter," "dare to challenge the fate of the people."Sixth, my insights:Hawking is one of the great men of this century with an international reputation, the most important contemporary general relativity and cosmologists. The most important contemporary general relativity and cosmologist, is one of today's great international reputation, known as the world's greatest scientists, also known as the "king of the universe".Although he was suffering from Lu Gai Lei's disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), confined to a wheelchair for 40 years, he was physically disabled,Page 2 of 3To overcome the cripple and become the international physics supernova.He went beyond the theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, the big bang theory into the creation of the universe "geometry dance". His thoughts are excellent to travel to the vast space-time, unlock the mystery of the universe. He suffered ordinary people can not bear the pain, but also created ordinary people can not create a miracle. I admire him, his tenacity, his insistence is worth learning!对史蒂芬霍金评价英文篇二I also like the reporter that Hawking is too much to lose his life, a moment can not leave the wheelchair, and the body is only three with the fingers active, the exchange is also extremely difficult. Fate is unfair to Hawking.But Hawking's answer made me verysurprised. Hawking with his a grateful heart, touched everyone. He replied: "My fingers can move, my big brain can think. I have the ideal of life, I love and love my family and friends. Yes, I have a grateful heart` `` `` ``He confronted his fate, he did not feel lost a lot. But feel that they still have many.I read very moved, after the tremor in the mind. I also thought fora long time. Suddenly, my brain flashed a text of the sea: the most important thing is to have a soul, to have thought, the most important thing is to have a grateful heart. As long as a person has these, he is not useless people. A person with these, he is not useless people. A person has these, is owned, is happy, is the happiness of the `` `` `` Hawking, a terminally ill person, he can use the optimistic attitude to look at life, fate. With a grateful heart to treat people and things around. And we, a normal person, can not do it?No, no. As long as I have a grateful Yan, is a brain thinking, we can make their own lofty. There is a saying well: "People are not necessarily great, but they can make their own noble.I admire Hawking, he used an ordinary person can not imagine the perseverance and gratitude of the heart to overcome the disease. His constant quest for the spirit of impressed me.The life of the strong, scientific master, I will always be admired, is my goal.2, recently, we on the "wheelchair Hawking" article, after reading the text, I have been touched by the story of Hawking that shocked.Hawking in the United Kingdom at the age of 21 suffering from Lu Gale's disease, soon to be long-term imprisonment in a wheelchair. But he insisted on fighting for the cause of science to contribute. Once again at the academic report, Hawking once again to his charisma and the scientific spirit of seeking to move all the people: my fingers can be activities, my fingers can think; I have a lifelong pursuit of the ideal, I love and Love my family and friends; Yes, I have a grateful heart ""Yes ah, if I was the Hawking, I will think: fate is too cruel to me, so I lost too much. Hawking replied with a smile of this passage, in my mind deeply engraved. He not only does not complain about the fate of his injustice, but thanks to fate left him a finger.Fate does not fall down a person, will only make people strong, and Hawking is such a person. He faced various hardships of life and not pessimistic retreat, he defeated himself, defeated the life, become a strong life. Even face more of the failure, but also to move forward, struggle in the end. Looking back at the past, a retreat on the difficulties to shrink, hesitated. Once, because the application did not understand a solution to the mother inadvertently said the sentence: "really a stupid." And there is no confidence in their own.I admire Hawking, admire him no matter how much difficulty encountered, are constantly to pursue, so as to achieve success. The life of the strong, scientific master, I will always be the most admired people, is my goal!3, "he sat in a wheelchair for 40 years, the body only three fingers move, however, he wrote the scientific book" A Brief History of Time "in the world has numerous readers" "" Whenever read this passage , I can not help but praise Hawking - you are really a person who is stubborn!Hawking's fate is very rough. Shortly after graduating from Cambridge, he was paralyzed by Lugaré's disease, and in 1985 Hawking was deprived of his ability to speak. "" Although fate was unfair to Hawking, he was unimaginable in this unthinkable Hard to become a scientific giant, was elected to the youngest member of the Royal Society, became a big scientist like Newton to become one of the Lucason Professor of Mathematics! He continued to explore the scientific spirit and courageous tenacious personality strength deeply touched me.After reading this text, I deeply sentiment: Hawking, although disabled, but his thinking is not disabled, he brought us knowledge, give us strength!Hawking is in the disease anytime, anywhere can take away his life, there is no pessimistic back, with amazing perseverance and courageous tenacious personality to face up to fate, tirelessly explore the mysteries of the universe, a strong and strong young people are Can not complete the exploration of cosmology, not to mention the sick Hawking! This is the Hawking spirit!I must learn from Hawking, study hard every day, the future will become the pillar of the country, add luster to the motherland for the country, for the community to make greater contributions to the construction of the great motherland more prosperous and strong!对史蒂芬霍金评价英文篇三Of course, I have always liked Stephen Hawking, like his book, today saw Benedict played Hawking, I know I must cry, I simmering, the last moment or not hold back, tears out of the eyes. With regard to Hawking's success, to the scientific community, how much significance of human, I Needless to say, on his love of science, life does not give up the spirit of how worthy of our admiration, I do not need to say, so I want to Another angle to talk about, I see "Hawking" feeling.I would like to say in particular that, apart from Hawking itself, behind the support of his people, gave him what effect, I think this is the film you want to express one of the themes.First, talk about his parents, especially his mother. Some people say that this is the British, they can survive anything. In his parents had just learned that Hawking had failed to save the sick, but two years, I thought his parents would like our ordinary parents, like holding crying, but the plot here deeply shocked me, he Parents' dialogue is this: Father: When he was young he asked me where the stars came from, and I told him I did not know, but do not worry, I'll ask people to ask, ...But until now, I did not give him an answer, But he was so eager to know the answer.Mother: (She is not as fragile as the average woman, she is very calm and said) You never a sentimental person, and if you become sentimental I can not accept. How long can he live?Father: Up to two years.Mother: (shocking scene) you have to support him! We must support him!We must carry on, and now he's going back to Cambridge and going back to his life. So his father was the mother of encouragement, immediately restored the fighting spirit, accompanied his son drove to Cambridge.The second time in Hawking serious condition, even the doctors told him that the hospital has no way to do anything for you, the doctors have to give up Hawking, Hawking very discouraged, this time, but also his greatParents once again firmly supported him. Is still his mother, firm on his father said: We must support him! We can not give him up!So his father and his son went to the front, facing almost self-giving son yelled: I have not given up your (I have not washed my hands on you)! Hear no, you must stick to it!So, in the success of Hawking on the road to his parents credit, when his father was Hawking instructor informed, Hawking completed a following Einstein after the very great cause of the time, his father's eyes flash With light, I was deeply moved.The second to say is Hawking's mentor.The first time when Hawking was enrolled, his father asked the mentor to give him an easy task to complete within two years (before his death), but the instructor refused. He said he must treat science and students equally. , Respect for the facts, can not give Hawking special. Such a strict requirement, which led to Hawking even in the last of life did not give up - of course, although we all feel that he can only live for two years, but the fact that his strong live to the present.His mentor has been a constant cosmology supporters, once Hawking in front of other teachers face criticism of others doctrine, attitude is very rebellious, so the teacher called to talk. Hawking that the mentor and his disagreement because of their exclusion, did not expect the mentor actually said such a passage:My father is a ... factory boss, he wants me to inherit his factory, when I told him I want to do physicist when he was very angry, he said that unless I won a scholarship or he will not give me a penny , He thought I could not do, but I did ... ... the way in science, you will be surrounded by countless voices to tell you that this is you can not do. This is why I choose to become a teacher, I will not leave because of disagreement to stop my students do he want to do any research! Do it, do only belong to you, your original things, you want to do!This passage deeply shocked me, science needs the spirit of seeking truth from facts, even in the scientific community, fame, exclusion ofalien things are many, and the mentor has a great conscience, without him, no The conversation, Hawking will not dare to think so.。

Future of the UniverseLucyna Kedziora-ChudczerPrinciple of general relativitymodels which predicted cosmological redshiftwith a flat curvature (boundary case betweenWhich model is correct?,and the critical density rCRIT=70km/s/Mpcis 7 atoms per cubic metrePositive spherical curvature, closed universe -> will collapseFlat space, open infinite universe -> decelerates to restNegative curvature, open infinite universe -> expands forever= 1 is an unstable critical point for the geometry of the Universe.Flat universe model is favoured,but how was the Universefine-tuned to be so flat?Answer: inflationCan W be measured by direct observations?Hubble diagramEnergy density of vacuum Dark matter evident from: dynamics ofNot enough for the flat UniverseExperiments like WMAP, BOOMERANGand MAXIMA measure the fluctuationsin the CMB on the scale of 1deg.Such result is expected for the flatUniverse (W~1).What causes this acceleration?- Repulsive force- Not an ordinary matter- It contributes negative energypressuremay have a variable speed – was slower in the past.Fluctuations of Cosmic Microwave BackgroundWeak lensing mass census - WmThe expansion/contraction may be cyclic. With each cycle the Universe gains energy.Photons emitted by the Sun today will become gradually redshifted because of expansion, losing energy.As the Universe contracts, the photons are blueshifted, gaining energy. They eventually become blueshifted, until they are more energetic than they were at the time of emission.So during contraction, the Universe is hotter than it was at the corresponding time during contraction.TrapeziumEvolution of the Sun Changes of our EarthFate of the EarthThe Ultimate fate of the Sun。

霍金生平简介英文作文英文：Stephen Hawking was a renowned physicist and cosmologist. He was born in Oxford, England in 1942 and passed away in 2018 at the age of 76. Hawking was diagnosed with motor neuron disease at the age of 21, which eventually left him paralyzed and unable to speak. Despite his physical limitations, Hawking continued to make groundbreaking contributions to the field of physics and became a household name.One of his most famous contributions was his theory of black holes. Hawking proposed that black holes emit radiation, now known as Hawking radiation, which challenged previous beliefs about the behavior of black holes. He also wrote several popular science books, including "A Brief History of Time," which sold millions of copies worldwide and made complex scientific concepts accessible to the general public.Hawking was known for his wit and humor, often making jokes about his disability. For example, he once said, "Life would be tragic if it weren't funny." He also had a passion for science communication and was a frequent guest on TV shows and documentaries.Overall, Stephen Hawking's life and work have left a lasting impact on the scientific community and the world at large.中文：史蒂芬·霍金是一位著名的物理学家和宇宙学家。

stephen hawking英语介绍Stephen Hawking was a renowned theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who made significant contributionsto the fields of science and physics. He was born onJanuary 8, 1942, in Oxford, England, and passed away on March 14, 2018, in Cambridge, England. Hawking is best known for his work on black holes, the nature of the universe, and his bestselling book "A Brief History of Time."Hawking's early life was marked by academic excellence, and he went on to study physics at the University of Oxford. It was during his time at Cambridge University that he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a debilitating motor neuron disease that gradually paralyzed him. Despite his physical limitations, Hawking continuedhis research and became a prominent figure in thescientific community.One of Hawking's most significant contributions to physics was his theory of Hawking radiation, which proposed that black holes are not entirely black but emit radiation and eventually evaporate. This groundbreaking discoveryrevolutionized our understanding of black holes and earned him numerous accolades and awards, including theprestigious Albert Einstein Award and the PresidentialMedal of Freedom.In addition to his scientific work, Hawking was also a prolific author and communicator of science. His book "A Brief History of Time" became an international bestseller and brought complex scientific concepts to a wider audience. He also made appearances in popular culture, includingguest spots on "The Simpsons" and "Star Trek: The Next Generation," further cementing his status as a cultural icon.Hawking's life and work have left an indelible mark onthe scientific community and the world at large. His perseverance in the face of adversity and his groundbreaking contributions to theoretical physics have inspired countless individuals to pursue careers in science and continue pushing the boundaries of human knowledge.史蒂芬·霍金（Stephen Hawking）是一位著名的理论物理学家、宇宙学家和作家，对科学和物理学领域做出了重大贡献。

用英语介绍时间简史的作文A Brief History of Time."A Brief History of Time" is a groundbreaking work by the renowned physicist Stephen Hawking, published in 1988. The book, which combines profound scientific concepts with accessible language, has become a global phenomenon, captivating readers from all backgrounds with its insights into the mysteries of the universe.At its core, "A Brief History of Time" is a journey through the evolution of our understanding of the cosmos. Hawking guides us through the complex theories of relativity, quantum mechanics, and cosmology, explaining how these ideas have shaped our perception of time, space, and the origins of the universe.The book begins with a fundamental question: what is time? Hawking explores the concept of time as it relates to our daily lives, but also delves into its deeper, moreabstract meanings. He explains how time can be perceived differently depending on one's frame of reference, a concept central to Einstein's theory of relativity. Hawking also introduces the idea of imaginary time, a mathematical concept that allows physicists to visualize and understand the universe in new ways.From there, Hawking turns to the question of the universe's origins. He details the Big Bang theory, explaining how the universe exploded into existence from a state of extreme heat and density. Hawking also explores theories about black holes, including his own groundbreaking work on black hole radiation, now known as Hawking radiation. This theory suggests that black holes are not completely black, but emit radiation, which can lead to their eventual evaporation.Throughout the book, Hawking takes a remarkable approach to explaining complex scientific ideas. He avoids technical jargon and instead uses analogies and everyday examples to illustrate his points. This makes the book accessible to a wide range of readers, regardless of theirscientific backgrounds."A Brief History of Time" is not just a book about physics; it's also a book about life. Hawking, despite his own physical challenges, imparts a sense of wonder and curiosity about the universe. He encourages readers to question, to explore, and to never accept the limits of human understanding. His writing is filled with humor and optimism, making the often-intimidating subject of cosmology feel both accessible and exciting.The book's impact has been profound. It has sold millions of copies worldwide and has been translated into dozens of languages. It has inspired generations of students and scientists, many of whom credit "A Brief History of Time" as their introduction to the wonders of physics. Hawking's legacy is not just in his groundbreaking scientific work, but also in his ability to communicate the beauty and complexity of the universe to a wide audience.In conclusion, "A Brief History of Time" is not just a book; it's an experience. It's a journey through thevastness of space and time, a quest to understand the universe and our place within it. Hawking's words are both a guide and a companion, leading us through the mysteries of the cosmos and inspiring us to question, explore, and dream. This book is a testament to the power of human curiosity and the beauty of scientific discovery.。

对霍金的评价英文版对霍金的评价英文版篇一Of course, I have always liked Stephen Hawking, like his book, today saw Benedict played Hawking, I know I must cry, I simmering, the last moment or not hold back, tears out of the eyes. With regard to Hawking’s success, to the scientific community, how much significance of human, I Needless to say, on his love of science, life does not give up the spirit of how worthy of our admiration, I do not need to say, so I want to Another angle to talk about, I see “Hawking”feeling. I would like to say in particular that, apart from Hawking itself, behind the support of his people, gave him what effect, I think this is the film you want to express one of the themes.First, talk about his parents, especially his mother. Some people say that this is the British, they can survive anything. In his parents had just learned that Hawking had failed to save the sick, but two years, I thought his parents would like our ordinary parents, like holding crying, but the plot here deeply shocked me, he Parents’ dialogue is this: Father: When he was young he asked me where the stars came from, and I told him I did not know, but do not worry, I’llask people to ask, ... But until now, I did not give him an answer, But he was so eager to know the answer.Mother: (She is not as fragile as the average woman, she is very calm and said) You never a sentimental person, and if you become sentimental I can not accept. How long can he live?Father: Up to two years.Mother: (shocking scene) you have to support him! We must support him!We must carry on, and now he’s going back to Cambridge and going back to his life. So his father was the mother of encouragement, immediately restored the fighting spirit, accompanied his son drove to Cambridge.The second time in Hawking serious condition, even the doctors told him that the hospital has no way to do anything for you, the doctors have to give up Hawking, Hawking very discouraged, this time, but also his greatParents once again firmly supported him. Is still his mother, firm on his father said: We must support him! We can not give him up!So his father and his son went to the front, facing almost self-giving son yelled: I have not given up your (I have not washed my hands on you)! Hear no, you must stick to it!So, in the success of Hawking on the road to hisparents credit, when his father was Hawking instructor informed, Hawking completed a following Einstein after the very great cause of the time, his father’s eyes flash With light, I was deeply moved.The second to say is Hawking’s mentor.The first time when Hawking was enrolled, his father asked the mentor to give him an easy task to complete within two years (before his death), but the instructor refused. He said he must treat science and students equally. , Respect for the facts, can not give Hawking special. Such a strict requirement, which led to Hawking even in the last of life did not give up - of course, although we all feel that he can only live for two years, but the fact that his strong live to the present.His mentor has been a constant cosmology supporters, once Hawking in front of other teachers face criticism of others doctrine, attitude is very rebellious, so the teacher called to talk. Hawking that the mentor and his disagreement because of their exclusion, did not expect the mentor actually said such a passage:My father is a ... factory boss, he wants me to inherithis factory, when I told him I want to do physicist when he was very angry, he said that unless I won a scholarship or he will not give me a penny , He thought I could not do, but I did ... ... the way in science, you will be surrounded by countless voices to tell you that this is you can not do. This is why I choose to become a teacher, I will not leave because of disagreement to stop my students do he want to do any research! Do it, do only belong to you, your original things, you want to do!This passage deeply shocked me, science needs the spirit of seeking truth from facts, even in the scientific community, fame, exclusion of alien things are many, and the mentor has a great conscience, without him, no The conversation, Hawking will not dare to think so.对霍金的评价英文版篇二I also like the reporter that Hawking is too much to lose his life, a moment can not leave the wheelchair, and the body is only three with the fingers active, the exchange is also extremely difficult. Fate is unfair to Hawking.But Hawking’s answer made me very surprised. Hawking with his a grateful heart, touched everyone. He replied: “My fingers can move, my big brain can think. I have the ideal of life, I love and love my family and friends. Yes, I have a grateful heart` `` `` ``He confronted his fate, he did not feel lost a lot. But feel that they still have many.I read very moved, after the tremor in the mind. I also thought for a long time. Suddenly, my brain flashed a text of the sea: the most important thing is to have a soul, to have thought, the most important thing is to have a grateful heart. As long as a person has these, he is not useless people. A person with these, he is not useless people. A person has these, is owned, is happy, is the happiness of the `` `` ``Hawking, a terminally ill person, he can use the optimistic attitude to look at life, fate. With a grateful heart to treat people and things around. And we, a normal person, can not do it?No, no. As long as I have a grateful Yan, is a brain thinking, we can make their own lofty. There is a saying well: “People are not necessarily great, but they can make their own noble.I admire Hawking, he used an ordinary person can not imagine the perseverance and gratitude of the heart to overcome the disease. His constant quest for the spirit of impressed me.The life of the strong, scientific master, I willalways be admired, is my goal.2, recently, we on the “wheelchair Hawking”article, after reading the text, I have been touched by the story of Hawking that shocked.Hawking in the United Kingdom at the age of 21 suffering from Lu Gale’s disease, soon to be long-term imprisonment in a wheelchair. But he insisted on fighting for the cause of science to contribute. Once again at the academic report, Hawking once again to his charisma and the scientific spirit of seeking to move all the people: my fingers can be activities, my fingers can think; I have a lifelong pursuit of the ideal, I love and Love my family and friends; Yes, I have a grateful heart ““Yes ah, if I was the Hawking, I will think: fate is too cruel to me, so I lost too much. Hawking replied with a smile of this passage, in my mind deeply engraved. He not only does not complain about the fate of his injustice, but thanks to fate left him a finger.Fate does not fall down a person, will only make people strong, and Hawking is such a person. He faced various hardships of life and not pessimistic retreat, he defeated himself,defeated the life, become a strong life. Even face more of the failure, but also to move forward, struggle in the end. Looking back at the past, a retreat on the difficulties to shrink, hesitated. Once, because the application did not understand a solution to the mother inadvertently said the sentence: “really a stupid.” And there is no confidence in their own.I admire Hawking, admire him no matter how much difficulty encountered, are constantly to pursue, so as to achieve success. The life of the strong, scientific master, I will always be the most admired people, is my goal!3, “he sat in a wheelchair for 40 years, the body only three fingers move, however, he wrote the scientific book” A Brief History of Time “in the world has numerous readers”““ Whenever read this passage , I can not help but praise Hawking - you are really a person who is stubborn!Hawking’s fate is very rough. Shortly after graduating from Cambridge, he was paralyzed by Lugaré’s disease, and in 1985 Hawking was deprived of his ability to speak. ““Although fate was unfair to Hawking, he was unimaginable in this unthinkable Hard to become a scientific giant, was elected to the youngest member of the Royal Society,became a big scientist like Newton to become one of the Lucason Professor of Mathematics! He continued to explore the scientific spirit and courageous tenacious personality strength deeply touched me.After reading this text, I deeply sentiment: Hawking, although disabled, but his thinking is not disabled, he brought us knowledge, give us strength!Hawking is in the disease anytime, anywhere can take away his life, there is no pessimistic back, with amazing perseverance and courageous tenacious personality to face up to fate, tirelessly explore the mysteries of the universe, a strong and strong young people are Can not complete the exploration of cosmology, not to mention the sick Hawking! This is the Hawking spirit!I must learn from Hawking, study hard every day, the future will become the pillar of the country, add luster to the motherland for the country, for the community to make greater contributions to the construction of the great motherland more prosperous and strong!对霍金的评价英文版篇三Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England, and moved to St. Albans in 1950. He joined the University of Oxford in 1959. He completed his degree in physics at OxfordUniversity in 1962 and moved to Cambridge University to pursue his graduate studies. Hawking was diagnosed with motor neuron disease in 1963. He was admitted to the University of Cambridge as a researcher at the University of Cambridge and Gainesville in 1965. His research showed that the mathematical equations used to explain the collapse of the black hole could be explained by A point begins to swell in the universe. He was married to Jane Wilde, the eldest son of Robert, in 1967. In 1969 he was promoted to a Distinguished Achievement in Science at the Gonville and Keith College, and in 1970, Hawking studied the characteristics of the black hole. He predicted that the radiation from the black hole (now known as Hawking radiation) and the surface area of the black hole will never be reduced.The same year his daughter, Lucy, was born, and he began using the wheelchair that year, and in 1973 his first book, “Large Structures of Space Time,” was published, and he was elected a member of the Royal Society in 1974. He continued to prove that the black hole Hawking was awarded the Order of Edinburgh of the Royal Astronomical Society of London in 1975-1976, the 11th Medal of the Vatican Pope’s Science Society, the Hopkins Prize,The United States Denny Heinemann Award, Maxwell Award and the Royal Society of Hughes Medal of six awards in 1977 he was appointed professor of gravity physics at Cambridge University in 1978 by the world’s highest award of theoretical physics research EinsteinIn 1979. His second son Timothy was born in 1979. His “General Theory of Relativity: Commemorating the Centenary of Einstein” was published in 1980. He served as Professor of Mathematics, Cambridge University, Lucas in 1981, he participated in the Vatican Cosmology Conference,Announced the concept of borderless and published “super-space and super-gravity.”The same year he was awarded the British Empire High Knight .1985 he fell ill in Switzerland, the implementation of tracheostomy surgery to lose their language skills, with a computer with a sound generator. In 1988 he published “A Brief History of Time”, won the Wolf Foundation Award, become the most popular book on quantum physics and relativity.In 1989 he was awarded the honorary jazz of the British Empire in 1990. He married 25 years in the wife of Jane Wilde divorce .1991 his “time history”the movie of the same name .In 1993 the black hole and the baby universe “And otherpapers.”He was married to his nurse Elaine Mason on September 16, 1995. He continued to work at the University of Cambridge since 1996, and in October 20xx, his masterpiece “ Universe “published in July 20xx, Hawking amended his original”black hole paradox “point of view wrong, information should be conserved. In 20xx, Hawking came to China for the third time, he still brought his latest research on cosmology, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Gymnasium hosted a speech entitled “the origin of the universe”; in the Great Hall of the people to Beijing “The Origins of the Universe.”In 20xx, Hawking and Luigi Goffold co-author of the children’s science fiction “George to the secret key to the universe”on September 6, the first published in France. This book is Hawking’s first children’s book, Hawking in the book to explain their children on the time and cosmic aspects of the doctrine .20xx August 12, he was awarded the Medal of Freedom.Second, Stephen William Hawking’s research areas:Stephen Hawking has been working on the basic laws of the universe, focusing on black holes. Hawking’s object is the universe, but he was never interested in observing astronomy, only a few telescopes pared with the traditionalmethods of experimentation and observation, Hawking’s method is intuitive.Along with Roger Penrose, he found that Einstein’s general theory of relativity implied that space and time began at the Big Bang and ended at the end of the black hole. These results suggest that it is necessary to combine general relativity with quantum theory, another scientific development in the first half of the twentieth century. One consequence of the combination he discovered was that the black hole should not be completely black, the black hole radiating outwards, eventually evaporating and disappearing. Another conjecture is that the universe has no edge in the time of imagination, it is infinite. This will mean that the way the universe is formed is entirely determined by the laws of science.At the same time he is also committed to theoretical physics, together with Penrose to prove the famous singularity theorem, he also proved the black hole area theorem.Third, Stephen William Hawking Main achievements: In 1989 he received the honorary title of the British Jazz, became the Royal Society and the United States Academy of Sciences foreign academician; received the London Astronomical SocietyEdin Dayton Medal; Vatican Pope’s Science Society of the 11th Medal ; Johns Hopkins Award; the United States Daniou Heinemann Award; Maxwell Award; the Royal Society of Hughes Medal; in 1978 by the physical world’s most prestigious awards - Albert Einstein Award; Rose won the 1988 Wolf Physics Award in 1988; Hawking book “A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to the Black Hole” won the Wolf Foundation Award; in 1962 he graduated in Oxford, Cambridge graduate; 1965 In 1973 he was appointed a professor of gravity physics of Cambridge University; in 1979 he was appointed to the University of Cambridge; in 1974, he was appointed the University of Cambridge professor of physics of gravity; In 1988 he published “A brief history of time: from the big bang to the black hole”and won the Wolf Fund (the University of Cambridge), Professor of the University of Cambridge, Professor of mathematics; in 1981 he participated in the Vatican cosmology conference, announced the concept of borderless, Award; in 1989 was awarded the British Empire Honorary Jazz; August 12, 20xx, was awarded the Medal of FreedomFourth, Stephen William Hawking’s scientific contribution:In 1973, he considered the quantum effect near the black hole and found that the black hole would emit radiation like a blackbody whose radiation temperature was inversely proportional to the mass of the black hole, so that the black hole would become smaller and smaller as the radiation,High, it ended in the last minute of the explosion. The discovery of black hole radiation has a very basic meaning, it will gravitational, quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics together. 2, after 1974, his research turned to quantum gravity theory. It is proposed that there is no pure state in the quantum gravity, and the causality is destroyed. Therefore, the unknowability is raised from classical statistical physics and quantum statistical physics to the third level of quantum gravity.3. After 1980, his interest turned to quantum cosmology.4, July 20xx, Hawking amended his original “black hole paradox”point of view, information should be conserved. 5, he also proved the black hole area theorem, that is, with the increase of time black hole area is not reduced. It is natural to associate the area of the black hole with the entropyof the thermodynamics.6, he proposed the Big Bang from the singularity of the beginning, the time from the moment, the black hole will eventually evaporate, in the unity of the 20th century, the two basic physics theory - Einstein’s theory of relativity and Planck’s quantum theory out An important step.7, November 1973, Hawking officially announced to the world, black holes continue to radiate X-ray, gamma ray, which is the famous “Hawking radiation”8, from the singularity of the Big Bang to the black hole radiation mechanism, Hawking on the development of quantum cosmology made an outstanding contribution. He also wrote many famous theories, such as:”A Brief History of Time” is a popular book about the nature of time and the forefront of the universe. It is the most important classics of contemporary scientific thought on the universe. It changes the concept of the universe. Is the undisputed authority of cosmology, it is a sincere and sincere form of private interviews, described Professor Hawking’s life history and research work, to show a huge theoretical framework behind the real human. The Hawking Lecture - BlackHole, Infant Cosmos, and others “discusses virtual space, the birth of a baby universe caused by a black hole, and the efforts of scientists to seek a complete unification theory, and to free will, life values and human survival and evolutionary principles Made a unique insight.”Shell in the universe”is Professor Hawking following the “brief history of time”after the most important works. He explained in plain language to remind us of the universe fully unfolded imagination, and with his unique enthusiasm, invites us to start an extraordinary journey of time and space.”George opened the secret key to the universe” is Stephen Hawking’s “children”period “popular science trilogy” one of the book on the black hole and many parts are outlined Hawking’s new ideas, the book at home and abroad Rave reviews.5, Stephen William Hawking’s charisma:Hawking’s charm is not only because he is a legendary physical genius, but also because he is a compelling life strong. His constant search for the scientific spirit and courageous tenacious personality strength deeply attracted every one knowhim. He was nearly paralyzed and unable to pronounce, but in 1988 he published “A Brief History of Time,” which has sold more than 25 million copies, making it one of the world’s best-selling popular science books.He was hailed as “the greatest scientist alive,”“another Einstein,”“a strong life of the letter,”“dare to challenge the fate of the people.”Sixth, my insights:Hawking is one of the great men of this century with an international reputation, the most important contemporary general relativity and cosmologists. The most important contemporary general relativity and cosmologist, is one of today’s great international reputation, known as the world’s greatest scientists, also known as the “king of the universe”.Although he was suffering from Lu Gai Lei’s disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), confined to a wheelchair for 40 years, he was physically disabled,Page 2 of 3To overcome the cripple and become the international physics supernova.He went beyond the theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, the big bang theory into the creation of theuniverse “geometry dance”. His thoughts are excellent to travel to the vast space-time, unlock the mystery of the universe. He suffered ordinary people can not bear the pain, but also created ordinary people can not create a miracle. I admire him, his tenacity, his insistence is worth learning!。

霍金的英语作文英文回答：Stephen Hawking was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who was born in Oxford, England, on January 8, 1942. He studied natural sciences at the University of Oxford and earned a PhD in physics from the University of Cambridge in 1966. Hawking's research focused on the fundamental laws of the universe, and he made significant contributions to the understanding of black holes, the Big Bang, and the nature of space and time. He was also a popular science writer, and his book "A Brief History of Time" has sold over 25 million copies worldwide. Hawking died in Cambridge, England, on March 14, 2018, at the age of 76.Hawking's work on black holes led him to develop the Hawking radiation theory, which states that black holes emit a faint radiation that is now known as Hawking radiation. This radiation is due to the quantum effectsthat occur near the event horizon of a black hole. Hawking also worked on the Big Bang theory, and he proposed the no-boundary proposal, which is a model for the origin of the universe that does not require a singularity.In addition to his work on black holes and the Big Bang, Hawking also made significant contributions to the understanding of the nature of space and time. He proposed the chronology protection conjecture, which states that the laws of physics prevent the possibility of creating closed timelike curves. Hawking also worked on the black hole information paradox, which is a problem in theoretical physics that concerns the loss of information in black holes.Hawking was a brilliant physicist who made significant contributions to our understanding of the universe. He was also a gifted communicator, and his ability to explain complex scientific concepts in a clear and engaging way helped to make science accessible to a wider audience. Hawking's legacy will continue to inspire futuregenerations of physicists and scientists.中文回答：斯蒂芬·霍金是一位英国理论物理学家、宇宙学家和作家，1942 年 1 月 8 日出生于英国牛津。