某铅锌冶炼厂废弃地复垦整理区土壤重金属污染状况评价
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:211.37 KB
- 文档页数:6
历史遗留铅锌矿选矿厂土壤重金属污染特征及风险评估丁 洁1,彭香琴1,区杰泳1,陈岩贽1,黄芯仪2,李义豪1(1. 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广州 510000;2. 中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广州 510000)摘 要: 文章选取赣南某历史遗留铅锌矿选矿厂为研究对象,测定了土壤中As、Cd、Pb等14种重金属含量,运用单因子指数法(P i)、内梅罗综合污染指数法(P N)、地累积指数法(I geo)分析土壤重金属污染特征,并利用潜在生态风险指数和场地风险评估模型评价研究区风险状况。
结果表明,对比我国建设用地土壤二类用地风险管控筛选值,土壤中As、Cd、Pb、Zn的超标率分别为76.6%、6.38%、27.66%、2.13%。
选矿厂土壤污染情况已经达到重度污染水平,重金属的污染程度由大到小依次为:As>Cd>Pb>Zn。
潜在生态风险指数计算得出,该研究区处于极高生态风险状态,潜在综合生态风险指数达到1 892.40。
污染场地风险评估计算模型和血铅模型结果表明,在非敏感地类型下土壤中的重金属As 、Pb、 Cd其风险均超过可接受水平。
综上,该类地块应重点关注As、Pb和Cd的污染防控。
关键词: 铅锌矿区;土壤;重金属;污染特征;风险评价中图分类号: X53文献标志码: A DOI:10.16803/ki.issn.1004 − 6216.BJUT202309016 Pollution characteristics and risk assessments of heavy metals in soil of concentrator inhistorical lead-zinc mining areaDING Jie1,PENG Xiangqin1,OU Jieyong1,CHEN Yanzhi1,HUANG Xinyi2,LI Yihao1(1. South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510000, China;2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China)Abstract: A lead-zinc mining area in southern Jiangxi was selected as the research object, a preliminary investigation and detailed investigation of the plot were carried out, In this research, soil contents of 14 heavy metals such as As、Cd、Pb were determined in a historical lead-zinc mining area in southern Jiangxi. At the same time, the pollution characteristic of heavy metals were accessed by methods of the single factor pollution index, Nemerow pollution index, geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index and health risk assessment were to evaluated the risk in this area. The results showed that the exceeding rates of As, Pb, Cd and Zn screening values of the second construction land were 76.6%, 27.66%, 6.38% and 2.13%. The single factor pollution index, Nemerow pollution index, and geoaccumulation index evaluations suggested that the soil was heavily polluted by the heavy metals, with the sequence of the result As is the highest, followed by Cd, Pb and Zn. The potential ecological risk assessment stated that RI was 1 892.40, indicating a extremely ecological risk in this mining area. Health risk of As, Pb and Cd in the site all exceeded the acceptable risk level, which has threatened the human health. In summary, the pollution control and management should focus on the As, Pb and Cd in these type of sites.Keywords: Lead-zinc mining area;soil;heavy metal;pollution characteristic;health risk assessmentCLC number: X53我国是世界上最大的铅、锌生产和消费国之一[1]。
摘要:为研究广东省某铅锌尾矿库周边农田土壤重金属污染状况及评价重金属污染对农田土壤的风险,测试分析了土壤中重金属元素Pb 、Zn 、Cu 、Cr 、Cd 、Ni 和As 的含量,并采用内梅罗综合污染指数法、潜在生态危害指数法和模糊综合评价法3种评价方法对土壤重金属污染进行风险评价。
结果表明,稻田土壤中的重金属含量高于蔬菜地土壤,部分土壤样品中的Pb 、Zn 、Cu 、Cd 、Ni 、As 含量已超过土壤环境质量标准二级标准值,Cr 含量均未超标,重金属超标率顺序为:Cd>Zn>As>Pb>Ni>Cu 。
相关性分析表明农田土壤中各重金属含量之间都有极显著的相关性,主成分分析表明Pb 、Zn 、Cu 、Cd 、As 是当地农田土壤环境质量的主要影响因子。
3种评价方法的结果存在差异,内梅罗综合污染指数法和模糊综合评价法的结果显示农田土壤重金属污染处于重度污染程度;而潜在生态危害指数法评价结果表明土壤重金属污染处于中等潜在生态危害程度。
根据分析和评价结果认为农田土壤受到多种重金属的复合污染,其中Cd 污染最严重,重金属对农田存在某种程度的风险,评价方法各有其侧重点,人们在评价重金属污染土壤时要根据评价目的选择合适的评价方法。
关键词:铅锌尾矿库;农田土壤;重金属污染;内梅罗综合污染指数法;潜在生态危害指数法;模糊综合评价法中图分类号:X825文献标志码:A文章编号:1672-2043(2019)01-0103-08doi:10.11654/jaes.2018-0252Pollution and risk assessment of heavy metals in agricultural soils around a Pb-Zn tailing pondLIANG Ya-ya 1,YI Xiao-yun 1,2*,DANG Zhi 1,2,WANG Qin 1,GAO Shuang-quan 1,TANG Jie 1,ZHANG Zheng-fang 1(1.School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;2.The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters,Ministry of Education,Guangzhou 510006,China )Abstract :In order to study the heavy metal pollution of agricultural soils surrounding a Pb-Zn tailing pond in Guangdong Province and evaluate the risk of heavy metals to the agricultural soils,the contents of Pb,Zn,Cu,Cr,Cd,Ni,and As in the soils were analyzed.The risk of heavy metals to the agricultural soils was assessed via three methods :the Nemerow index method,potential ecological risk index method,and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Results showed that the contents of heavy metals in paddy soils were higher than those in vege⁃table plantation soils.The contents of Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd,Ni,and As in some soil samples were higher than the criteria of environmental quality standards for agricultural soils,whereas the Cr contents were lower than the critical level.The exceeded rate decreased in the order of Cd>Zn >As>Pb>Ni>Cu.Correlation analysis showed that extremely significant correlations existed among heavy metal contents in the soils,andprincipal component analysis showed that Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd,and As were dominant factors of soil environmental quality in the study areas.Based on the three evaluation methods,we concluded that the results of the Nemerow index method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method showed that the soils were in the degree of heavy pollution,whereas the potential ecological risk index showed that the soils were classified as moderate potential ecological risk.According to the analysis of contents and risk assessment of heavy metals in contaminated soil,the farmland soil was contaminated by a variety of heavy metals,with Cd pollution the most serious.There was some degree of heavymetal risk to the farmland soil.Each evaluation method has its advantages.The appropriate method for evaluating heavy metal pollution of收稿日期:2018-02-27录用日期:2018-04-27作者简介:梁雅雅(1993—),女,河南商丘人,硕士研究生,从事重金属污染风险评价研究。
关中西部某铅锌冶炼区周边耕地土壤重金属污染特征及评价徐玉霞;薛雷;汪志华;彭囿凯【摘要】Through the methods of field sampling and experimental analysis ,the contents of heavy metals in farm-land soil around a lead-zinc smelting plant in western Guanzhong Plain were investigated and the pollution assessment was conducted .The results showed that the contents of Pb ,Zn ,Cu ,Cd ,Cr ,Hg ,As and Ni were 47 .95 ,128 .53 ,26 .13 ,1 .09 ,91 .5 ,0 .164 ,12 .2 mg・kg - 1and 27 .1 mg・kg -1 ,respectively .Except for Ni ,the contents of all other elements were higher than the soil background values in Shaanxi Province .The assessment results showed that the pollution of heavy metals in the farmland soil around the lead-zinc smelting plant was moderate or serious ,in which the pollution of Pb ,Hg and Zn was serious ,and the comprehensive pollution in the farmland soil was serious .%通过野外采样和实验室分析,研究关中西部某铅锌冶炼区周边耕地土壤中重金属元素的含量,并进行了污染评价。
生态环境学报 2015, 24(9): 1534-1539 Ecology and Environmental Sciences E-mail: editor@基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51474102);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2015JJ3059) 作者简介:邓新辉(1974年生),女,博士研究生,主要从事重金属污染土壤研究。
*通信作者。
柴立元,教授,E-mail: xhdeng2007@收稿日期:2015-08-03铅锌冶炼废渣堆场土壤重金属污染特征研究邓新辉1,柴立元2*,杨志辉2,袁艺宁21. 湖南工业大学包装与材料工程学院,湖南 株洲 412007;2. 中南大学冶金与环境学院,湖南 长沙 411007摘要:在铅锌冶炼过程中产生了大量含重金属的废渣,这些废渣未经有效处置堆放于空旷地,由于风化、淋洗等作用导致废渣中重金属进入废渣堆场及周边土壤中。
采用野外取样调查、室内化学分析及污染评价等方法,研究了湖南某铅锌冶炼厂冶炼废渣堆场及周边土壤中重金属的含量和分布规律。
研究结果表明:废渣堆场表层土壤中各重金属的质量分数分别为Pb 1889.60 mg·kg -1、Zn 5682.00 mg·kg -1、Cd 48.40 mg·kg -1和Cu 1848.60 mg·kg -1,此值已超出国家规定的二级标准值(GB 15618─1995),其中Pb 超出5.40倍,Zn 超出18.94倍,Cd 超出80.67倍,Cu 超出18.49倍。
距渣场10 m 远处表层土壤中Pb 、Zn 、Cd 和Cu 的质量分数分别为641.01、1509.61、38.45和1240.10 mg·kg -1,10 m 远处表层土壤中Pb 、Zn 、Cd 和Cu 相对国家二级标准值的超标倍数分别为2.14、6.04、128.17和12.40倍。
1000 m 远处表层土壤中Pb 、Zn 、Cd 和Cu 的质量分数分别为309.80、685.71、8.81和875.13 mg·kg -1,1000 m 远处表层土壤中Pb 、Zn 、Cd 和Cu 各超标1.03倍、2.74倍、29.33倍和8.75倍。
铅锌矿区及周边土壤铅、锌、镉、铜的污染健康风险评价铅锌矿区及周边土壤铅、锌、镉、铜的污染健康风险评价近年来,随着工业化进程的加速,矿产资源的开发利用也取得了长足的进步。
然而,一些矿区存在土壤污染问题,给周边环境和居民的健康带来了潜在风险。
本文通过对某个铅锌矿区及其周边土壤中的铅、锌、镉、铜等重金属元素进行污染健康风险评价,以揭示该矿区的环境质量和居民健康状况。
首先,对矿区及周边土壤样品进行了采集和分析。
采样地点包括该矿区的不同功能区域,如矿山周边、冶炼区、废弃渣场等。
将土壤样品送至实验室,采用标准方法对土壤中的铅、锌、镉、铜等元素进行测试分析。
通过对样品中元素含量的测定,可以获取矿区土壤的污染程度。
在对土壤样品进行分析后,根据国内外相关的环境质量标准,对土壤污染程度进行了评价。
以土壤质量标准中的污染指数为依据,计算出铅、锌、镉、铜等元素的污染指数。
根据污染指数的大小,将矿区土壤划分为无污染、轻度污染、中度污染和重度污染四个等级。
接下来,通过人体健康风险评价模型,对铅、锌、镉、铜等元素对居民健康的风险进行评估。
考虑到不同人群(如儿童和成人)的暴露途径和摄入量,综合考虑土壤中重金属元素的暴露途径,如土壤接触、食物摄入和吸入颗粒物等。
根据预定的安全健康标准,计算出不同重金属元素对居民健康的潜在风险。
最后,综合分析土壤污染程度和居民健康风险评估结果,评价矿区及周边环境的环境质量和居民健康状况。
根据评价结果,提出了相应的防控策略,如增强矿区的环境管理,加强废弃物的处理和处置,改善周边居民的生活环境等,以减少铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染对人体健康的影响。
综上所述,通过铅锌矿区及周边土壤铅、锌、镉、铜的污染健康风险评价,可以全面了解该矿区的环境质量和居民健康状况。
这有助于制定防治重金属污染的措施,并为其他类似矿区的环境管理和健康风险评估提供借鉴和参考综合对铅锌矿区及周边土壤的污染程度和居民健康风险评估结果的分析,可以得出以下结论:矿区土壤中的铅、锌、镉、铜等重金属元素存在不同程度的污染,其中部分元素达到了轻度、中度甚至重度污染的水平。