初中毕业学业考试试卷
数 学
考生注意：本学科试卷共三道大题25小题，满分120分，考试时量120分钟． 一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题3分，满分24分） 1．在实数0
1
3
-，0.74，π中，无理数有（ ） A ．1个
B ．2个
C ．3个
D ．4个
2．用计算器求32值时，需相继按“2”，“∧”，“3”，“=
，“2”，
“∧”，“4”，“=”键，则输出结果是（ ）
A ．4
B ．5
C ．6
D ．16 3．下图所示的几何体的主视图是（ ） 4．不等式组475(1)22463x x x x -<-??->-?
的解集在数轴上表示为（ ）
5．下列运算正确的是（ ） A ．2
2
21ab ab -= B ．tan 45sin 451=g °° C ．2
3x x x =g
D ．23
5
()a a =
6．下列不是必然事件的是（ ）
A ．两直线相交，对顶角相等
B ．三角形的外心到三个顶点的距离相等
C ．三角形任意两边之和大于第三边
D ．两相似多边形面积的比等于周长的比
7．如图，AB CD ∥，且1115∠=°，75A ∠=°， 则E ∠的度数是（ ） A ．30° B ．50°
C ．40°
D ．60°
8．为了预防“HINI ”流感，某校对教室进行药熏消毒，药品燃烧时，室内每立方米的含药量与时间成正比；燃烧后，室内每立方米含药量与时间成反比，则消毒过程中室内每立方米含药量y 与时间t 的函数关系图象大致为（ ）
A ．
B ．
C ．
D ．
A ．
B ．
C ．
D ．
E
D C A B 1
二、填空题（本大题共8小题，每小题3分，满分24分） 9
．的绝对值为 ．
10．如图，O e 是ABC △的内切圆，与边BC CA AB ，，
的切点分别为D E F ，，，若70A ∠=°，则EDF ∠= ． 11．张家界国际乡村音乐周活动中，来自中、日、美的三名音乐家准备在同一节目中依次演奏本国的民族音乐，若他们出场先后的机会是均等的，则按“美—日—中”顺序演奏的概率是 ．
12．将函数33y x =-+的图象向上平移2个单位，得到函数 的图象． 13．分解因式32
a a
b -= ．
14．我市甲、乙两景点今年5月上旬每天接待游客的人数如图所示，甲、乙两景点日接待游
客人数的方差大小关系为：2S 甲 2
S 乙．
15．对于正实数a b ，
作新定义：a b a b *=+，在此定义下，若955x *=，则x 的值为 ．
16．如图，等腰梯形ABCD 中，AD BC ∥，且1
2
AD BC =
，E 为AD 上一点，AC 与BE 交于点F ，若:2:1AE DE =，则
AEF CBF 的面积
的面积
△△= ． 三、解答题（本题共9小题，满分72分） 17．（本小题6分）
计算1
1(52sin 452-??
++-+ ???
°°
A ．
B ．
C ．
D ．
A
E D
C
F
B
18．（本小题6分）
小明将一幅三角板如图所示摆放在一起，发现只要知道其中一边的长就可以求出其它各边的长，若已知2CD =，求AC 的长．
19．先化简，后求值（本小题6分）
2
421
422
a a a +--+-
其中2a = 20．（本小题6分）
在建立平面直角坐标系的方格纸中，每个小方格都是边长为1的小正方形，ABC △的顶点均在格点上，点P 的坐标为(10)-，，请按要求画图与作答
（1） 把ABC △绕点P 旋转180°得A B C '''△． （2）把ABC △向右平移7个单位得A B C ''''''△．
（3）A B C '''△与A B C ''''''△是否成中心对称，若是，找出对称中心P '，并写出其坐标．
21．列方程解应用题（本小题9分）
“阳黄公路”开通后，从长沙到武陵源增加了一条新线路，新线路里程在原线路长360Km 的基础上缩短了50Km ，今有一旅游客车和小车同时从长沙出发前往武陵源，旅游客车走新线路，小车因故走原线路，中途停留6分钟．若小车速度是旅游客车速度的1.2倍，且两车同时到达武陵源，求两车的速度各是多少？
D B A
C
如图，有两个动点E F ，分别从正方形ABCD 的两个顶点B C ，同时出发，以相同速度分别沿边BC 和CD 移动，问：
（1）在E F ，移动过程中，AE 与BF 的位置和大小有何关系？并给予证明． （2）若AE 和BF 相交点O ，图中有多少对相似三角形？请把它们写出来．
23．（本小题9分）
我市今年初三体育考试结束后，从某县3000名参考学生中抽取了100名考生成绩进行统计分析（满分100分，记分均为整数），得到如图所示的频数分布直方图，请你根据图形完成下列问题：
（1）本次抽样的样本容量是 ． （2）请补全频数分布直方图．
（3）若80分以上（含80分）为优秀，请你据此．估算该县本次考试的优秀人数．
24．（本小题9分） 有若干个数，第1个数记为1a ，第2个数记为2a ，第3个数记为3a ，L 第n 个数记为n a ，若11
3
a =-
，从第二个数起，每个数都等于．．．．．．．．．．．．．1．与前面那个数的差的倒数．．．．．．．．．．．． （1）分别求出234a a a ，，的值． （2）计算12336a a a a ++++L 的值．
F D C E
O B
A
分数
在平面直角坐标系中，已知(40)A -，，(10)B ，，且以AB 为直径的圆交y 轴的正半轴于点
(02)C ，，过点C 作圆的切线交x 轴于点D ．
（1）求过A B C ，，三点的抛物线的解析式 （2）求点D 的坐标
（3）设平行于x 轴的直线交抛物线于E F ，两点，问：是否存在以线段EF 为直径的圆，恰好与x
初中毕业学业考试数学试卷答案
一、选择题 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．A
二、填空题
9
10．55°
11．
16
12．35y x =-+
13．()()a a b a b +- 14．22
S S >乙甲
15．16
16．
19
三、解答题
17．原式212
2=+-?
························································· 3分
211)=+ ···················································································· 4分
211=+ ······················································································ 5分
2= ·
············································································································ 6分 18．解：2BD CD ==Q
BC ∴==················································································ 2分
AB x ∴=，则2AC x =
222(2)x x ∴+= ···················································································· 4分
3
x ∴=
··································································································· 5分
2AC AB ==
························································································ 6分 19．解：原式421
(2)(2)22
a a a a =
+-+-+-
42(2)2
(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)
a a a a a a a a -+=
+-+-+-+- ················································· 2分
42(2)(2)
(2)(2)
a a a a +--+=
+- ··················································································· 3分
12
a =
+ ········································································································ 4分
当2a =
时
1
1a =+
1
== ··························································································6分20．注：每问2分
（3）(2.50)
P'，
21．解：设旅游客车速度为x Km/h，则小车为1.2x Km/h ········································1分3601310
1.210
x x
+=····························································································3分解方程得100
x= ···························································································7分经检验120
x=是方程的根，且合题意1.2100120
?=Km/时 ···································8分答：小车的平均速度为120Km/时·······································································9分22．解：（1）在正方形ABCD中，AB BC
=，90
ABC BCD
∠=∠=°
BE CF
=
Q ··································································································1分ABE BCF
∴△≌△（SAS）············································································2分EAB FBC
∴∠=∠ ·························································································3分90
CBF ABO
∠+∠= Q°·················································································4分90
EAB ABO
∴∠+∠=°
在ABO
△中，180()90
AOB EAB ABO
∠=-∠+∠=
°°
AE BF
∴⊥··································································································6分（2）有5对相似三角形 ···················································································7分ABO BEO
△∽△ABO AEB
△∽△BEO BFO
△∽△
ABE BCF
△∽△ABO BFC
△∽△··························································9分
23．（1）100 ··································································································2分（2） ···········································································································5分（3）30000.61800
?=
该县优秀人数约为1800人 ················································································9分
分数
24．解：（1）2113
41413
3a =
==??
-- ??? ································································· 2分 31
1
431144a =
=
=-
·
························································································ 4分 411
143a ==-- ·
···························································································· 6分 （2）123361
3412533
4a a a a ??+++=-
++?= ???L ··············································· 9分
25．解：（1）令二次函数2
y ax bx c =++，则
1640
2a b c a b c c -+=??
++=??=?
··························································································· 1分 12322a b c ?=-??
?
∴=-??=???
··································································································· 2分 ∴过A B C ，，三点的抛物线的解析式为213
222
y x x =--+ ·································· 4分
（2）以AB 为直径的圆圆心坐标为3
02
O ??' ???
，
52O C '∴=
32
O O '= ···················································································· 5分 CD Q 为圆O '切线 OC CD '∴⊥·
···································································· 6分 90O CD DCO '∴∠+∠=°
90CO O O CO ''∠+∠=° CO O DCO '∴∠=∠
O CO CDO '∴△∽△ //O O OC OC OD '=
······················································ 8分 3/22/2OD = 83OD ∴= D ∴坐标为803??
???
， ························································································· 9分 （3）存在 ··································································································· 10分 抛物线对称轴为3
2
X =-
设满足条件的圆的半径为r ，则E 的坐标为3()2r r -
+，或3()2
F r r --， 而E 点在抛物线213
222
y x x =-
-+上 21333
()()22222
r r r ∴=--+--++
112r ∴=-+
212
r =--
故在以EF 为直径的圆，恰好与x 轴相切，该圆的半径为1-+，1+ ········· 12分 注：解答题只要方法合理均可酌情给分