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大学英语4 Unit 2 原文及翻译Smart cars that can see, hear, feel, smell, and talk? And drive on their own? This may sound like a dream, but the computer revolution is set to turn it into a reality.能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话的智能汽车？还能自动驾驶？这听起来或许像是在做梦，但计算机革命正致力于把这一切变为现实。
Smart CarsMichio Kaku1 Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution.智能汽车米其奥?卡库即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
2 The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry.汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。
目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每10人就有1辆车。
Unit 2 Smart Cars课文+翻译+练习课文：Smart cars are vehicles that utilize advanced technologies to enhance safety, efficiency, and the driving experience These cars are equipped with a variety of sensors, cameras, and communication systems that allow them to interact with the surrounding environment and make informed decisionsOne of the key features of smart cars is their ability to sense obstacles and potential hazards on the road Through the use of radar, lidar, and ultrasonic sensors, smart cars can detect other vehicles, pedestrians, and objects in their path and take appropriate actions to avoid collisionsAnother important aspect of smart cars is their connectivity They can communicate with other vehicles and infrastructure, such as traffic lights and road signs, to receive realtime information about traffic conditions and roadworks This enables them to optimize their routes and travel more efficientlySmart cars also offer advanced driver assistance systems, such as adaptive cruise control, lanekeeping assist, and automatic emergency braking These systems help drivers stay focused and reduce the risk of accidentsIn addition, smart cars are often equipped with intelligent navigation systems that can provide directions based on realtime traffic data and userpreferences Some models even have the capability to park themselves automatically, making parking in tight spaces much easierHowever, the development of smart cars also brings some challenges Issues such as data security, privacy concerns, and the need for updated regulations are areas that need to be addressed to ensure the safe and widespread adoption of this technology翻译：智能汽车是利用先进技术来提高安全性、效率和驾驶体验的车辆。
能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话的智能汽车？还能自动驾驶？这听起来或许像是在做梦，但计算机革命正致力于把这一切变为现实。
智能汽车1 Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution.即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
2 The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry.汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。
目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每10人就有1辆车。
汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。
3 The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow's "smart cars" will be sensors. "We'll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act," predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation's ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future.汽车及其行驶的道路，将在21世纪发生重大变革。
Smart CarsMichio Kaku1 Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution.智能汽车米其奥·卡库即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
2 The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry.汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。
目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每10人就有1辆车。
汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。
3 The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow's "smart cars" will be sensors. "We'll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act," predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation's ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future.汽车及其行驶的道路，将在21世纪发生重大变革。
Unit 2 Smart CarsText A Smart CarsKey to exercisesText Organization (P43)Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart 1 Paras 1-3 New technology will have a dramatic impact on cars and highways in the 21st century. Part 2 Paras 4-9 With the aid of advanced technology, smart cars will be so designed that they can help eliminate traffic accidents, determine their own precise locations and warn of traffic jams.Part 3 Paras 10-13 GPS and "telematics" will make it possible to build smart highways, which will benefit us in more than one way.2. A list of the features of smart cars:1) Smart cars can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act;2) They can eliminate most car accidents;3) They can alert the police and provide precise location if stolen;4) They can monitor one's driving and the driving conditions nearby;5) They can alert the driver who feels drowsy;6) They can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams.V ocabularyI. 1. 1) expansion 2) manufacturing 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards6) satellite 7) convert 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air11) got/was stuck in 12) approximately 13) application 14) monotonous 15) mounted2. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) result from 4) making up for5) starting up 6) play up 7) give up 8) take on3.1) With regard to the recent flood of corporate scandals, some professors from Stanford and Harvardsay they will incorporate Enron's real-world lessons into their classroom work.2) Our vacation was a disaster: the food was terrible, and the weather was awful as well.3) As a Special Administrative Region (SAR), Macao is permitted to retain its lucrative gamblingindustry although gambling remains illegal on the Chinese mainland.4) Manufacturers usually begin by building the prototype of a new model before they set up afactory to make the cars.5) Medical evidence shows that smoking and lung cancer are correlated.4.1) Expanded use of computer technology, development of stronger and lighter materials, and researchin/into pollution control will produce better, and "smarter" automobiles. In the 1980s the notion that a car would "talk" to its driver was science fiction; by the 1990s it had become a reality, more or less. Presently automobile companies such as GM and Nissan are poised to launch new advertising campaigns for their smart cars.2) Sounds are produced by objects that vibrate in the air at a rate that the ear can detect. This rate is called frequency and is measured in hertz, or vibrations per second.3) Reflective devices are more visible at night and are used in some locations to mark lanes and other significant places on the road. What's more, automated vehicle-control technologies are presently under development to improve highway safety. These devices are mounted in the vehicle and can alert a driver to an impending hazard or, in an emergency, override the actions of the driver.II. Word FormationClipped Words Blendskilo kilogram Medicare medical carememo memorandum email electronic mailgym gymnasium comsat communications satellitelib liberation newscast news broadcastdoc doctor autopilot automatic pilotvet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollarprep preparatory brunch breakfast lunchauto automobile telecast television broadcastIII. Usage1. swimming pool2. drawing board3. enriched Middle English4. disturbing change5. fully developed prototype6. Canned foods7. working population 8. puzzling differencesStructure1.4)In between the chores, Jim managed to spend 50 to 60 hours a week working at the computer or doing reporting for the freelance articles he sells to magazines.2.1) Most people find it hard to understand how living with one's own children could be lonely.2)The manager felt it necessary to remove the five misbehaving secretaries in order to maintainadministrative discipline.3)The Senator called it wasteful to give free Medicare to those who could afford to pay.4)We don't consider it possible to set back the clock of history.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. alert2. hazards3. higway4. start up5. take control of6. lane7. decrease 8. get stuck in 9. monotonous 10. eliminate 11. convert 12. mounted(B)l. for 2. way 3. enabled 4. farther 5. decreased / reduced 6. by7. quantities 8. locally 9. worldwide 10. with 11. manufacturing 12. As13.on/upon 14. provide 15. which 16. itself 17. problems / hazards 18. and 19. Nevertheless 20. continuingII. TranslationAutomobiles changed the world during the 20th century, particularly in the United States and other industrialized nations. They are indeed of great use to us, but they have brought some hazards as well, such as noise and air pollution, and highway fatalities. It is reported that automobile accidents rank among the leading causes of death and injury throughout the world. Fortunately modern innovators are reinventing the automobile. New propulsion systems, fuels, designs, and means of manufacturing cars have all developed rapidly in the past decade. For example, by using the satellite-aided global positioning system (GPS), a computer in the automobile can locate the vehicle's precise position, and with the application of sensors, smart cars can eliminate most car accidents.。
大学英语四课后练习答案及详解目录Unit One Fighting with the Forces of NatureUnit Two Smart CarsUnit Three Job InterviewUnit Four The Multicultural SocietyUnit Five CrueltyUnit Six The Pace of LifeUnit Seven T errorismUnit Eight TravelUnit One Fighting with the Forces of NatureComprehension Text organization 1.2.Language FocusV ocabulary1.1) alliance译文：劳动党以与其他较小党派结成战术同盟为根本的竞选策略已被证明是成功之举。
2) heroic译文：举国上下都在庆祝纽约消防队员在“9.11”事件中营救落难者的英勇行为。
3) stroke译文：意外的好运使得被埋于瓦砾堆下逾26个小时之久的詹尼勒活着走出来。
4) limp译文：我的兄弟受伤不重，但是他的腿骨折了，因而不得不在几周时间里都跛行。
5) minus译文：飞机面临着一次零下65摄氏度和零上120摄氏度的考验。
6) regions译文：我国将运用税收优惠政策来吸引一些公司到我国的西部地区而不是东部沿海投资。
7) declarations译文：开幕式的讲话听起来不像是和平献礼而更像是宣战。
8) siege译文：经过警方的三天包围，占据饭店的恐怖分子不得不妥协了。
9) raw译文：我们刚一走出飞机踏上草原就感受到一阵刺骨阴冷的寒风。
10) retreat译文：敌机的攻击迫使坦克从这座城市撤退了。
11) have taken their toll译文：过去几个月里令人烦恼的一些问题已影响到了她的健康，她的眼睛下面出现了黑眼圈。
12) In the case of译文：周末上班的员工拿双薪，国庆节上班的员工则拿正常工资的三倍。
Smart CarsMichio Kaku1 Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution.智能汽车米其奥·卡库即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
2 The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry.汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。
目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每10人就有1辆车。
汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。
3 The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow's "smart cars" will be sensors. "We'll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act," predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation's ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future.汽车及其行驶的道路，将在21世纪发生重大变革。
未来“智能汽车”的关键在于传感器。
“我们会见到能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话并能采取行动的车辆与道路，”正在设计未来智能汽车和智能道路的通用汽车公司ITS项目的技术主任比尔·斯普雷扎预言道。
4 Approximately 40,000 people are killed each year in the United States in traffic accidents. The number of people that are killed or badly injured in car accidents is so vast that we don't even bother to mention them in the newspapers anymore. Fully half of these fatalities come from drunk drivers, and many others from carelessness. A smart car could eliminate most of these car accidents. It can sense if a driver is drunk via electronic sensors that can pick up alcohol vapor in the air, and refuse to start up the engine. The car could also alert the police and provide its precise location if it is stolen.美国每年有大约4万人死于交通事故。
在汽车事故中死亡或严重受伤的人数太多，我们已经不屑在报纸上提及。
这些死亡的人中至少有半数是酒后开车者造成的，另有许多死亡事故是驾驶员不小心所导致。
智能汽车能消除绝大多数这类汽车事故。
它能通过会感测空气中的酒精雾气的电子传感器检测开车者是否喝醉酒，并拒绝启动引擎。
这种车还能在遇窃后通报警方，告知车辆的确切地点。
5 Smart cars have already been built which can monitor one's driving and the driving conditions nearby. Small radars hidden in the bumpers can scan for nearby cars. Should you make a serious driving mistake (e.g., change lanes when there is a car in your "blind spot") the computer would sound an immediate warning. 能监控行车过程以及周围行车状况的智能汽车已经建造出来。
藏在保险杠里的微型雷达能对周围的汽车作扫描。
如果你发生重大行车失误（如变道时有车辆你“盲点”内），计算机立即会发出警报。
6 At the MIT Media Lab, a prototype is already being built which will determine how sleepy you are as you drive, which is especially important for long-distance truck drivers. The monotonous, almost hypnotic process of staring at the center divider for long hours is a grossly underestimated, life-threatening hazard. To eliminate this, a tiny camera hidden in the dashboard can be trained on a driver's face and eyes. If the driver's eyelids close for a certain length of time and his or her driving becomes erratic, a computer in the dashboard could alert the driver.在麻省理工学院媒介实验室，业已制造出能测知你行车时有多少睡意的样车，这对长途卡车司机意义尤其重要。
一连数小时注视着中夹分道线这样一个单调、几乎能催眠的过程是被严重低估的威胁生命的重大隐患。
为消除这一隐患，藏在仪表板里的一架微型相机可对准开车者的脸部及眼睛。
如果司机的眼帘合上一定时间，行车变得不稳，仪表板里的计算机就会向司机发出警报。
7 Two of the most frustrating things about driving a car are getting lost and getting stuck in traffic. While the computer revolution is unlikely to cure these problems, it will have a positive impact. Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from orbiting satellites can locate your car precisely at any moment and warn of traffic jams. We already have twenty-four Navstar satellites orbiting the earth, making up what is called the Global Positioning System. They make it possible to determine your location on the earth to within about a hundred feet. At any given time, there are several GPS satellites orbiting overhead at a distance of about 11,000 miles. Each satellite contains four "atomic clocks," which vibrate at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum theory.开车最头疼的两大麻烦是迷路和交通堵塞。
虽然计算机革命不可能彻底解决这两个问题，但却会带来积极的影响。
你汽车上与绕轨道运行的卫星发出的无线电信号调谐的传感器能随时精确地确定你汽车的方位，并告知交通阻塞情况。
我们已经有24颗环绕地球运行的导航卫星，组成了人们所说的全球卫星定位系统。
通过这些卫星我们有可能以小于100英尺的误差确定你在地球上的方位。
在任何一个特定时间，总有若干颗全球定位系统的卫星在11000英里的高空绕地球运行。
每颗卫星都装有4个“原子钟”，它们根据量子理论法则，以精确的频率振动。
8 As a satellite passes overhead, it sends out a radio signal that can be detected bya receiver in a car's computer. The car's computer can then calculate how far the satellite is by measuring how long it took for the signal to arrive. Since the speed of light is well known, any delay in receiving the satellite's signal can be converted intoa distance.卫星从高空经过时发出能被汽车上计算机里的接收器辨认的无线电信号。
