科技英语写作语言规范二
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大作文英语二格式Title: The Impact of Technology on Education。
Introduction。
Technology has revolutionized every aspect of human life, including education. In this essay, we will explore the profound impact that technology has had on education, examining both the positive and negative aspects.Positive Impacts。
1. Access to Information。
Technology has made information more accessible than ever before. With the internet, students can access a vast array of resources, including articles, research papers, and educational videos, allowing them to expand their knowledge beyond the confines of traditional textbooks.2. Interactive Learning。
Digital tools and platforms have transformed the learning experience into a more interactive and engaging process. Educational software, simulations, and multimedia presentations enable students to participate actively in their learning, making abstract concepts more tangible and understandable.3. Personalized Learning。
科技文写作知识要求(英文版)Science and Technology Writing: Knowledge Requirements Introduction:Science and technology writing plays a vital role in disseminating information about scientific discoveries, technological advancements, and their impact on society. It requires a unique set of skills and knowledge to effectively communicate complex ideas to a diverse audience. This article aims to highlight the knowledge requirements for science and technology writing in the English language.1. Understanding of Scientific Concepts:One of the fundamental knowledge requirements for science and technology writing is a solid understanding of scientific concepts. Writers need to comprehend the underlying principles, theories, and methodologies of various scientific fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, and computer science. This understanding allows them to accurately convey information, explain complex ideas in layperson's terms, and avoid misinterpretation or distortion of scientific facts.2. Familiarity with Current Research:Science and technology writing necessitates keeping up with ongoing research and staying updated with the latest advancements in the field. Writers must have access to reliable scientific journals, news outlets, and academic publications to gather accurate and up-to-date information. By being aware of the latest research, writers can provide readers with the most recent findings, emerging trends, and potential future implications.3. Critical Thinking and Analytical Skills:Science and technology writing requires critical thinking and analytical skills to evaluate scientific claims, evidence, and data. Writers need to analyze research papers, experimental results, and statistical data to ensure accuracy and reliability. They must be able to assess the strengths, limitations, and potential biases of scientific studies and provide an objective assessment of the findings.4. Ability to Simplify Complex Ideas:One of the challenges in science and technology writing is conveying complex scientific ideas in a way that is accessible to a general audience. Writers should possess the ability to simplify jargon-heavy concepts without oversimplification or sacrificing accuracy. They should use clear and concise language, relevant analogies, and visually engaging examples to help readers grasp the intricacies of scientific topics.5. Science Communication Ethics:Science and technology writers should adhere to ethical standards when communicating scientific information. They should prioritize accuracy, honesty, and transparency in reporting research findings. Writers must avoid sensationalism, exaggeration, ormisrepresentation of scientific discoveries to prevent misunderstandings or incorrect interpretations by the public.6. Multimedia and Digital Literacy:In today's digital age, science and technology writers are expected to be proficient in multimedia and digital tools. They should be able to incorporate images, videos, infographics, and interactive elements into their writing to enhance understanding and engagement. Additionally, familiarity with social media platforms, content management systems, and online publishing is crucial for effective dissemination of science and technology information.7. Writing Style and Structure:While knowledge of science and technology is paramount, writers should also possess strong writing skills. They must be able to articulate ideas clearly, use appropriate language, and adapt their writing style to the target audience. Writing for scientific journals may require a more formal and technical approach, while popular science articles often demand a more conversational tone to engage readers effectively.Conclusion:Science and technology writing is a specialized field that requires a combination of scientific knowledge, critical thinking, and effective communication skills. Writers must be able to understand complex concepts, stay updated with the latest research, and simplify information for general audiences. By adhering to ethicalstandards and employing digital literacy, science and technology writers can effectively bridge the gap between scientific discoveries and the public, fostering greater understanding and appreciation for science in society.8. Cross-Disciplinary Knowledge:In addition to a deep understanding of scientific concepts in their respective fields, science and technology writers should also have a broad knowledge base across different disciplines. Many scientific discoveries and technological advancements occur at the intersection of multiple disciplines, and writers need to be able to connect the dots and draw meaningful connections. For example, advancements in the field of bioengineering may have implications for healthcare, agriculture, and environmental conservation. A writer with cross-disciplinary knowledge can effectively explain these connections and provide a holistic perspective on the topic.9. Familiarity with Science Communication Platforms:Science and technology writing is not limited to traditional print media. Writers should be familiar with various science communication platforms, such as blogs, podcasts, and science news websites. Each platform has its own audience and writing style requirements. For instance, writing for a podcast may require a more conversational and engaging tone, while writing a blog post may allow for a more informal and personal approach. Becoming familiar with these platforms and understanding their unique features will allow writers to create content that is well-suited for different mediums and reaches a wider audience.10. Research and Fact-Checking Skills:Science and technology writers need to have strong research and fact-checking skills to ensure the accuracy and reliability of their content. They should be able to find credible sources of information, evaluate the quality and validity of those sources, and verify facts before including them in their writing. Research skills also involve locating relevant studies, experiments, or interviews that provide evidence or support for the claims being made. Fact-checking is crucial to maintaining the integrity of science and technology writing and avoiding the spread of misinformation.11. Understanding of Ethical Considerations in Science and Technology:Science and technology writing often involves addressing ethical considerations and dilemmas. For example, discussions around genetic engineering, artificial intelligence, or climate change raise important ethical questions that must be addressed in an informed and balanced manner. Writers should have a strong understanding of ethical principles and be able to present different perspectives and stakeholders' opinions on these issues. By providing a comprehensive understanding of the ethical implications of scientific advancements, writers can promote an informed and nuanced public dialogue.12. Ability to Translate Scientific Jargon:Scientists use specialized terminology and jargon that can be daunting to a general audience. Science and technology writersplay a crucial role in translating this jargon into accessible language without oversimplifying the concepts. They need to strike a balance between accuracy and readability, using layperson's terms and analogies to help readers understand complex ideas. By effectively translating scientific jargon, writers can bridge the gap between scientists and the general public, fostering greater scientific literacy and understanding.13. Science Policy and Societal Implications:Science and technology advancements often have significant societal implications, including policy decisions and ethical dilemmas. Writers should have a basic knowledge of science policy and be able to analyze and explain how scientific discoveries may impact society, the economy, or public health. They should be aware of relevant regulations and laws related to science and technology and be able to accurately convey the potential benefits and risks associated with new advancements. By providing informed analysis and discussion on the broader societal implications, writers can contribute to a more informed public discourse on science-related issues.14. Collaboration and Networking:Science and technology writing can benefit greatly from collaboration and networking with scientists, researchers, and experts in the field. Engaging in discussions, attending conferences, and building networks with professionals in the scientific community can provide writers with valuable insights, access to reliable sources, and opportunities for collaboration on research-based articles. Collaboration also promotes interdisciplinary dialogue and allows writers to gain different perspectives on complex scientific topics.Conclusion:Science and technology writing requires a diverse range of knowledge areas and skills to effectively communicate complex ideas to a general audience. Writers must possess a solid understanding of scientific concepts, cross-disciplinary knowledge, critical thinking skills, and the ability to simplify complex ideas. Familiarity with science communication platforms, research and fact-checking skills, and an understanding of ethical considerations are also crucial for credibility and accuracy. By meeting these knowledge requirements, science and technology writers can contribute to a greater understanding and appreciation of science and technology in society.。
科技英语写作语言规范(二)4.用静态结构表示动作。
1)连系动词+表语(1)表语为形容词的情况。
1.这些因素促使落在大地上的一半以上的水分直接返回到了大气层。
These factors are responsible for the direct return to the atmosphere of more than half the water that falls on the land. 2.这个概念可应用于金属导体。
This concept is applicable to metallic conductors.3.二极管可用作为整流器。
A diode is useful as a rectifier.4.这个数可用8来除。
The number is divisible (=can be divided) by 8.5.相继闪光之间的间隔是可以随意控制的。
The interval between successive flashes is controllable at will.6.这个术语是描述频率调制的。
This term is descriptive of (=describes) FM.7.双曲线表明反比的关系。
A hyperbola is indicative of (=indicates) an inverse proportion.8.这些肌肉的异常收缩表明患有特定疾病。
These abnormal muscle contractions are symptomatic of (=suggest/indicate) specific diseases.9.外力保持不变。
The applied force stays/remains (=is kept/ held/maintained/left) unchanged.(2)表语为名词的情况。
10.这个参数表明了温度对该设备的影响。
This parameter is an indication of (=indicates) the influence of temperature on the device.11.这个网络实现了该算法。
This network is the implementation of (=implements) the algorithm.12.力学并不解释物体为什么会运动。
Mechanics is not an explanation of(=does not explain) why bodies move.13.这又一次证明了水银是金属。
This is another proof (=proves again) that mercury is a metal.14.这个例子说明了“串式编程”。
This example is an illustration of(=illustrates) in-line programming.15.图6-6画出了一个石英谐振器。
Fig.6-6 is a representation of (=represents) a quartz resonator.表17-2列出了两组参数之间的转换。
Table 17-2 is a listing of (=lists) transformations between the two sets of parameters.16.噪声限制了信道的容量。
Noise provides a limit to (=limits) the channel capacity.17.图2-6说明了一个简单的传输过程。
Fig.2-6 gives an illustration of(=illustrates) a simple transmission process.(3)表语为介词短语的情况。
1.该方案正在考虑之中。
The scheme is now under consideration(=is now being considered).2.这个新设计出来的设备正在试用过程中。
This newly designed device is on trial (=is being tested).3.那本参考书需求量很大。
That reference book is in great demand (is needed by a great many people).2)使用静态动词。
1.高压电会导致该晶体管损坏/击穿。
The high voltage leads to(=causes) the breakdown of the transistor.2.在这种情况下,电路中会形成电流。
Under this condition, a current results(is formed /developed /formed) in the circuit.3.几乎所有物质都可分成两大类。
Nearly all substances fall(=are divided) into two broad categories5.多用短语代替从句可使句子简练。
1)用介词短语代替从句。
(1)代替原因、时间、条件状语从句。
Because of the large size of the earth (= Because the earth is large in size), all the downward forces exerted on the stone are virtually parallel.(2)代替定语从句。
1. That building under construction is a new computer factory. =That building which is being built is a new computer factory.2. T is a transformer with mutual inductance M.=T is a transformer which has mutual inductance M.(3)代替同位语从句。
This device has the advantages of light weight and low cost.= This device has the advantages that it is light in weight andlow in cost.2)用名词短语或动名词短语作主语代替状语从句。
1. The testing of machines by this method causes/entails some loss of power.= If machines are tested by this method , there will be some loss of power.2. A thorough examination of the assumptions reveals that…=If the assumptions are thoroughly examined, it can be revealed that…3)用短语代替从句的其他情况。
1. It is known that silver is the best conductor.=Silver is known to be the best conductor.(代替主语从句)2. The curve shows how output varies with input.=The curve shows the variation of output with input.(代替宾语从句)课堂练习:用名词短语代替下列句子中的状语从句。
1. If sound waves are compared with water waves, it can be shown that they have something in common.2. Because there exist quanta,we are unable to describe the motion of atomic particles in the conventional way.3. If the value of Q were too large,the device would be damaged.4. Because some inertia is presented in the bulb, bright colors can be obtained.5. In order that the operation of the amplifier can be satisfactory, it is required that proper voltages be applied to its electrodes.6.使用科技上惯用的表达法。
1)表示定义的句型(1)A is defined as B.速度被定义为距离与时间之比。
Speed is defined as the ratio of distance to time.能量被定义为物体做功的能力。
Energy is defined as the ability of a body to do work.(2)By A is meant B.By A we/one mean(s) B.(所谓)弹性指的是物体形变后返回原状的趋势。
By “elasticity” is meant the tendency of an object to return to its original state after being deformed.(所谓)线性工作放大器以很小的失真或无失真地放大信号的能力。
By “linear operation”is meant the ability of an amplifier to amplify a signal with little or no distortion.(3)a/an/the+可数名词+is a/an/the+类别词+后置定语如果被定义的名词是不可数名词,那么前面就不用冠词。
力是能够影响物体运动的物理量。
A force is a physical quantity that can affect the motion of an object.气压计是用以测量空气压力的一种仪表。
A barometer is an instrument which is used for measuring air pressure.2)表示“A与B之间的关系由C来表示”的句型。