Unit5被动语态

Unit 5G rammar Focus.1. 学生阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后做填空练习。

① 你的衬衫是棉的吗？____ your shirts ____ ____ cotton?① 是的，而且它们产于美国。

Yes. And they were _____ ___ the US.① 飞机模型是由什么制成？______ the model plane ______ of ?① 它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。

It’s made of _____ ______ and ______① 茶产自中国哪里？_______ ____ tea ___________ in China?① 茶产自很多不同的地区。

It’s produced in many ________ _______.① 茶是如何制成的？_____ is tea __________?① 茶树种植在山坡上。

当茶叶长成后，它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。

Tea plants ______ ______ on the sides of the mountains. Whenthe leaves are ready they _____ ______ by hand and then______ ______for _________.① 在杭州人们种植茶叶。

People_______ ________ in Hang Zhou.Tea _____ ________ (by people) in Hang Zhou.Ⅲ. Summary被动语态定义：语态是动词的一种形式，用于表明主语与谓语之间的关系。

主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者Decide if these sentences are active or passive.1. We call the doctor.2. The classroom was cleaned in the morning.3. Tom played football on the playground yesterday.4.Our English class is taught by Miss Chen.被动语态的使用：当我们要强调动作的承受者时e.g. The baby is looked after by her mother.这婴儿是由她妈妈照顾的。

九年级Unit 51.被动语态（1）结构：be done 主动变被动被动We speak English. English is spoken by us.(by us可省略）（2）用法Such books are written by children.(不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁）A large number of engineers are sent to Africa (by our government) to help people thereevery year.（谈话中心是动作的承受者）Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown everywhere.（由于某种原因，不愿或回避谈论动作的执行者）I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself?（为了礼貌起见而避免提及动作的执行者）（3）注意事项①there be句式、不及物动词无被动语态①动词短语变为被动语态时应将其视为一个整体，不能随意拆开或省略。

The doctor looks over the patient carefully.=The patient is looked over carefully by the doctor.①主动句中的宾语是反身代词时，不能变为被动语态。

He taught himself English.④系表结构的句子没有被动语态He looks sad.⑤使役动词（let, have, make等）和感官动词（see，hear，watch，notice等）在主动语态中使用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，to不能省略。

I heard Lin Tao sing English songs.=Lin Tao was heard to sing English songs by me.⑥主动语态中含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可把表示人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，也可把表示物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，此时间接宾语前要加介词for或to She often shows me her photos.=I am often showed her photos by her.=Her photos are often showed to me by her.avoid sth/doing sthThe man is so cruel. You should try your best to avoid.Drivers should be careful to avoid some accidents.9.traffic un.____________________，常用heavy，much，a lot of，lots of修饰The traffic is heavy in rush hours.There is always a lot of traffic at this time of a day.traffic lights_____________ traffic jam_________________traffic rules____________ traffic accidents____________10.riserise v.__________，其过去式为________，过去分词为_________The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.12.be famous for______________ be famous as____________be famous to_________________be good for________________ no matter______________ even though__________________ traffic accident_____________ turn...into______________ go on a vacation______________ send out__________________ at festivals_____________ in trouble____________________ rise into__________________ fairy tale_______________ cover with___________________ historical story_____________ by hand_______________ all over the world______________ be used for________________ be used as_____________ be used to do sth______________ be/get used to doing sth_______________ paper cutting_____________练习题一、根据首字母或汉语提示，填写单词。

⑸现在完成时的被动语态 have/has +been + spoken eg: My car has been repaired . 我的汽车已经修好了
4.带情态动词的被动语态
①基本构成形式：情态动词+be+过去分词 eg: This must be done as soon as possible. 这件事必须 尽快做。 eg: An art school may be opened next year. 明年可能 开办一所艺术学校 ②句式 肯定句：主语+情态动词+be+过去分词+by…. 否定句：主语+情态动词+not +be +过去分词+by… 一般疑问句：情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+by…. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词（不作主语）+情态动词+主语+be原形+ 过去分词+by…. 特殊疑问词（作主语）+情态动词+be原形+过去分词 +by…. eg：When can my computer be repaired. 我的电脑什么时候能修好？
练习：将下列主动语态改为被动语态句子。 1. The computer club held a writing competition(竞赛）. A writing competition was held by the computer club. 2. The fastest player finished the game in eight hours .
was showed
will be held by Beijing
3. Miss Deng teaches us English. → We are taught English by Miss Deng . → English is taught to us by Miss Deng .

第五单元的语法重点是：一般现在式的被动语态；现在完成时；名词所有格。

一般现在式的被动语态英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

（1）一般现在时的被动语态表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的被动动作，由“主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词(+by+ 动作执行者)”构成。

例如：The yard is cleaned (by someone) every morning.院子每天早上都有人打扫。

（2）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或不用指出动作的执行者，而需要强调动作的承受者时，就要用被动语态。

例如：Mobile phones are mainly used to keep in touch with other people.手机主要被用来和其他人保持联系。

（3）一般现在时的被动语态的一般疑问句是将 be 提至句首；否定句是在 be 后加not。

例如：Is Chinese spoken by many people?许多人说汉语吗？The little girl is not looked after by her mother.这个小女孩不是由她的妈妈照顾。

（4）主动句变被动句将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，将主动句的谓语变为被动结构(be+ 过去分词)，将主动句的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语，若为主格应改为宾格。

例如：He broke the cup.他打破了杯子。

→ The cup was broken by him.杯子被他打破了。

直击中考1.【广西南宁】32.Han Han's books are popular.They ______ by many teenagers.A.is readB.was readC.are readD.were read2.【湖北宜昌】34.-At present,one of the best ways to study is working in groups.-More chances ______ to students to learn from each other.A.offerB.are offeredC.have offeredD.are offering现在完成时（1）由 have/has+ 过去分词（2）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与 already,just,yet,ever,never 连用。