被动语态

一、知识导向

Many people speak Chinese.

变为被动：Chinese is spoken by many people.

二、新授 基本知识点：

1．区分被动语态与主动语态：英语中有主动语态和被动语态两种语态。主动语态表示主

语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）

The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 2．被动语态的构成：be+done（过去分词），意思是“被怎么样了”。

被动语态的时态常见的有八种

（1）一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + done如：Our classroom is cleaned

everyday.

（2）一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + done 如：A new shop was built last year.

（3）现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + done

如：This book has been translated into many languages.

（4）一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + done如：A new hospital will be built in our city. （5）含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词can/could/must/may/might+ be +done

如：Tables can be made of stone. （6）不定式的被动语态：to + be + done 如：There are twenty trees to be planted.

（7）现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + done 如：Trees are being

planted over there by them. （8）过去完成时的被动语态：would + be + done 如：He said the work would be

finished soon by him.

3.无被动语态的词：下列动词（词组）没有被动式：

1、系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意

常见的系动词有： ① be动词：

② “„„起来”（个）：look/seem/appear（看起来）, feel(感觉起来), sound

（听起来）, smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来）sell（卖起来）,wash（洗起来），read（读

起来），close（关起来）

如：○1、She seems/appears happy. 她看起来很开心。 ○2、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。

○3、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。

○4、This book sells well.这本书卖得很好。

○5、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。

○6、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。 ○7、The door won’t close.这门关不起来。

③ (逐渐)变得/变成：become, grow, turn

如： His wish has come true.

People often went hungry in the old days.

The tree is growing tall.

④ 保持：keep, stay 如： We must keep quiet in the reading room.

2、happen, take place（发生）, break out（爆发）, belong to（属于） ,cost,

take这几个词也无被动语态。

如：An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。

正确的应为：An accident happened yesterday. 经典例题：

例1.The People's Republic of China __ on October 1, 1949. （B） A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found

例2.English ____ in Canada. （D） A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken

例3.Our room must ___ clean. （B） A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep

三、课堂练习

( )1. Good books ____ again and again.

A. should be readed B. should be read

C. must read D. ought to read

( )2. The children ____ by the nurse.

A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked

( )3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.

A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened

C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen

( )4. When____ the accident _____ ?

A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened

( )5.The school____ about five years ago.

A. was build B. was built C. builds D. has been built

( )6.He ____ by the teachers.

A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is

praised

( )7.The picture______ in October, 1996.

A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken

( )8.We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .

A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being

repaired

( )9. Your exercise books _____ after class.

A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be

handed in

( )10.Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.

A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be

planted

四、小结

主动语态变被动语态实际上就是调换主语和宾语。

被动语态结构：be+done

无被动语态的词：

1、系动词（4类）

2、happen, take place（发生）, break out（爆发）, belong to（属于） ,cost, take

五、作业

1.背诵被动语态的结构及7个无被动语态的词及相关例句。

2.完成下面几道题目。

（ ）A new English play _____ there next week.

A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D.

will be putted on

（ ）A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.

A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened

D. was going to happen

（ ）The sun _____ at night as usual.

A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't

see