我国城市社区治理模式研究

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上海交通大学

硕士学位论文

我国城市社区治理模式研究

姓名:***

申请学位级别:硕士

专业:公共管理

指导教师:***

20090607上海交通大学MPA学位论文

我国城市社区管理模式研究

I 

我国城市社区治理模式研究 

摘 要

社区作为基层社会生活的区域共同体,在城市管理、社会稳定和发展

中的地位日益突出。因此城市社区建设的加强,对于促进城市的社会稳定

和经济发展,提高居民生活水平和生活质量,扩大基层民主、巩固基层政

权等方面发挥了积极作用。但随着社会主义民主建设的推进,社会主义市

场经济体制的逐步完善,特别是城市现代化建设步伐的加快,城市社区的

治理模式与运作机制亟待加强和改进。2000年以来,我国许多城市纷纷探

索创新社区治理模式,经过10年来的发展,虽然出现了“议行分设”、“选

聘分离”等多种社区治理模式,但政府主导的模式还没有发生根本性的变

化,其主要原因是单位人逐渐演变成了社会人、社区人,大量的社会管理、

社会服务、社会保障的功能从政府和单位中不断剥离出来,让社区来承接。

然而,由于社会组织发育不完善,大量工作都往居委会一个“筐”里仍,

导致居委会负担过重,行政化倾向日益严重,难以充分发挥其原有的自治

作用,从而降低了社区的参与性与融合性。

本文以国家与社会关系理论、公共领域理论和善治理论为指导,参考

了发达国家较为成熟的自治模式、政府主导模式和混合模式这三种主流的

社区治理模式,结合我国现阶段实际,分析影响我国城市社区发展的制约上海交通大学MPA学位论文

我国城市社区管理模式研究

II因素。并在此基础上探讨什么是成功的社区,并提出适合我国当前形势的

社区治理模式、运行机制,以及在该模式推进过程中需要着力解决的问题。 

本文认为,我国当前应将社区治理模式研究的重点放在基层社区,通

过完善基层社区的组织构架来推动城市社区发展,建议理顺居委会、业委

会、综合性社会工作机构之间的关系,回归居委会自治组织的作用,行政

化事务由街道通过政府购买服务的方式委托社工站开展,以弥补“议行分

设”、“选聘分离”两种模式存在的弊端。强化居委会对业委会的指导和监

督,加强对社区群众性活动团队的培育和发展,通过各种活动的形势,增

进居民交流、社区融合。提出在社区管理中要建立健全市场运作、居民自

治、社区共治、政府支持、党委领导五个大机制,确保基层社区的这四个

组织有序开展工作。同时,加大社会工作队伍、社区公益性组织和社区志

愿者队伍的培育和发展,推动这一社区治理模式有效运作。 

关键词:社区,社区治理模式,综合型社工站 

 上海交通大学MPA学位论文

我国城市社区管理模式研究

III

THE RESEARCH OF URBAN COMMUNITY

GOVERN MODEL IN CHINA

ABSTRACT

The community, as a primary level social community, has its 

position enhanced increasingly in urban management, social stability 

and development. Therefore, the improvement in urban community 

development plays a role positively in pushing ahead with social 

stability and economic development, raising the living standards of 

urban inhabitants, expanding primary level democracy and 

consolidating grassroots political power. With the advancement of 

the socialist democratic development, the progressive improvement 

of the socialist market economic structure and particularly the 

acceleration of urban modernization drive, the govern model and 

operation system of urban community needs enhancing further. And many 

cities in China have made explorations and innovations for various 

community govern models since 2000. Though some community govern 

models were given birth to, which include “Separation of Legislature 

and Administration”, “Separation of Selection and Employment” and 

others, the government-oriented model has not been fundamentally 

changed. One main reason for the situation mentioned is that the 

community has to burden the increasing social management, social 上海交通大学MPA学位论文

我国城市社区管理模式研究

IVservice, social security and other related function work divorced 

from the government and companies gradually for the people to the 

community. Meanwhile, the neighborhood commission is overburdened 

with mass work with the not-so-mature social organizations, which 

tends to the administration level. In current circumstance, it’s 

a tough work for the neighborhood commission to maximize its 

initiatives of autonomy, which result in less participation and 

involvement.

Following the theory on the relations between the state and the 

society, the theory on public area and the theory on good governance, 

the paper takes three mainstream community govern models (autonomy, 

government-oriented and mix models) adopted by the developed 

countries as a reference, and analyzes the inhibiting factors in 

urban community development by combining with the current conditions 

of our country. Based on that, the paper approaches what is a 

well-managed community and puts forward the acceptable community 

govern model by dealing with the problems unavoidable during the 

process together.

The paper suggests that the priority should be given to the 

grassroots community in the research and study on community govern 

models and the urban community development should be pushed ahead 

through the organizational structural improvement of primary level 

community. It is also mentioned to give full play to the autonomy 

of the neighborhood commission by straightening the relations among 

the neighborhood commission, the owner’s commission and 

comprehensive social institutions and adopting Purchase of Service 

Contracting in order to make up for the disadvantages of the existing 

models. Additionally, the neighborhood commission should strengthen 

its guide and supervision to the owner’s commission and promote the