2019届高考英语一轮复习 第二部分 语法专项突破 第三讲 形容词和副词随堂巩固即时提升

第3讲构词法[全国卷考情分析][题组试做]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·湖北七市联考)Flowering in May, peonies' large petals and strongcolors are linked to prosperity and (rich) in traditional Chinese culture.richness[考查名词。

空前and一词决定其前后单词词性相同，and前prosperity(繁荣)是名词，所以空处应该也是名词，形容词rich的名词是richness。

]2．(2019·武汉武昌区调研)In fact, it must have a hard struggle to get its (free) from the cocoon.freedom[考查名词。

空处前面是形容词性物主代词its，形容词性物主代词后面要接名词，所以填名词freedom。

]3．(2019·合肥第一次教学质量检测)Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at itsunique natural scenery, near perfect biological system, and creative (combine) of nature and humanism.combination[考查名词。

由前面的形容词creative和后面的of可知，此处应用combine的名词形式。

]4．(2019·江西五校第一次联考)The United Nations agency reported this week the12 superbugs are a threat to human (healthy)．health[考查名词。

介词后跟名词、代词或动词­ing形式作宾语。

human health意为“人类健康”，作介词to的宾语。

形容词和副词考点一倍数表达法1.倍数表达法的常见结构®A is+倍数+比较级+than+B②A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B③A is+倍数+the+名词(size, length, height等)+of+B④A is+倍数+that+of+B@A is+倍数+what引导的名词性从句The money he earns is three times that of hers.=He earns twice more than her.=He earns three times as much as her.=He earns three times what she earns.他的收入是她的三倍。

2.如果有名词，表示倍数时可用以下两种结构: (1)倍数+more+名词+than⑵倍数+as many/much+名词+其他+asAmericans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person tod町as they did in 1910.美国人现在每个人吃的蔬菜是1910年的两倍多。

Smoking is harmful to peopled health, killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents.吸烟对人的健康有害，每年因抽烟而丧命的人是死于交通事故的7倍多。

Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as large as that of theirs.十年前我们村庄的人口是他们村庄人口的两倍。

After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice as many cars in 2011 as the year before.自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂2011年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。

第三讲形容词和副词形容词和副词的基本用法1．形容词的基本用法形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等。

◆(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try.尽管它尝起来没有任何特殊的地方，但是还是值得一试。

◆(2016·北京卷)Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to find the trail again.天气状况太差，他想找到轨迹是不可能的。

(1)形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。

◆(安徽卷)Light-hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。

(2)以-ly结尾的形容词。

常见的有：friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, elderly, deadly 等。

2．副词的基本用法(1)副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或修饰整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。

◆(2015·安徽卷)They gave money to the old people’s home either personally or through their companies.他们要么是亲自给敬老院钱要么是通过公司给敬老院钱。

◆(安徽卷)Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in theend.谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦最终都是值得的。

形容词和副词Ⅰ单句语法填空1．(2016·浙江卷)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, ___________ (especial) if you are travelling at high speed.答案：especially2．(2018·银川一中模拟)Another possible reason is that on average, the British people don’t take themselves too ___________ (serious)．答案：seriously3．(2018·长春市实验中学模拟)In each case, the weight of the glass doesn’t change, but the ___________ (long) I hold it, the heavier it becomes.答案：longer4．(2018·黑龙江哈六中月考)Of the two sisters, Betty is the ___________ (young) one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.答案：younger5．(2018·安徽滁州中学模拟)___________ (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.答案：Obviously6．—What do you think of your new Pad?—Good. I don’t think I can find a ___________ (good) one.答案：better7．One of the ___________ (good) things about her lessons was that we didn’t always have to study in an ordinary way.答案：best8．(2018·威海模拟)But that didn’t prevent the boy from becoming one of the ___________ (great) composers of all time.答案：greatest9．(2018· 湖北重点中学联考)Chinese authors would make an effort to use a language that is ___________ (suit) for translation, and a communication style that can be understood by the entire.答案：suitable10．Hardly can you succeed in doing something perfectly the first time you do it. ___________ ， when you do something for the first time, it is time to give up theidea of perfection.答案：Therefore/ThusⅡ单句改错1．The government should do something to prevent the earth from becoming warm, such as call ing on low­carbon economy.___________答案：warm→warmer2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.___________答案：freely→free3．Though I am a student now, I will work hardly to make my dream come true.___________ 答案：hardly→hard4．(2018·河南八市质检)For another, most books are sold at a low price than what the bookstore offers.___________答案：low→lower5．(2018·江西九江一中模拟)I’ll study more harder than ever before so that I can make more money in the future.___________答案：去掉第一个more或将第一个more改为muchⅢ语法填空(2018·云南11校调研)We all know that the Friday after Thanksgiving means a mad dash to the shopping centre for ridiculous sales. But how did this bargain shopping get 1.___________ (it) start?The first Black Friday actually had nothing 2.___________ (do) with Thanksgiving or shopping. The origin of Black Friday as we know it today started in Philadelphia during the 1950s and 1960s. Crowds of people would come to town the day after Thanksgiving for the annual Army­Navy football game 3.___________ (hold) the following Saturday. Streets and 4.___________ (store) were always crowded, which was great for business but made easy­pickings for shoplifters(行窃者). Local police called this “Black Friday”. Not only did they have to deal with extra traffic 5.___________ shoplifting, but they had to work extra hours and couldn’t request the day off.The term didn’t go national 6.___________ the late 1980s, but the 7.___________ (explain) changed. While shopkeepers 8.___________ (general) suffered financial losses most of the year, the increase of holiday shoppers marked the first day of real profit. In traditional accounting (会计) practices a few years ago, losses9.___________ (record) in red ink, and profits in black ink. And so, the day after Thanksgiving, 10.___________ companies go “into the black” and make a profit, became Black Friday.【解题导语】本文介绍了黑色星期五的起源。