初中三单动词的变化规则
- 格式:doc
- 大小:43.50 KB
- 文档页数:4
动词单三形式变化规则
动词的单数第三人称形式变化规则一般如下:
1. 一般情况下,直接在动词词尾加上-s。
如:play → plays,
drink → drinks。
2. 动词以s、ss、sh、ch、x、o结尾时,加上-es。
如:pass → passes,miss → misses,wash → washes,watch → watches,fix → fixes,go → goes。
3. 动词以辅音字母+y结尾时,将y变为i,再加-es。
如:study → studies,fly → flies。
4. 动词以元音字母+y结尾时,直接加-s。
如:play → plays,
enjoy → enjoys。
5. 动词以辅音字母+o结尾时,直接加-es。
如:do → does,go → goes。
6. 部分动词没有规律可循,需要单独记忆。
如:be → is,have → has。
需要注意的是,有些动词在单数第三人称形式中发生形态变化,如:go → goes,do → does,have → has。
这些变化需要通过记忆来掌握。
(1)动词第三人称单数变化规则:A、一般直接加“s”,如:play – plays, visit – visits, speak – speaks ;B、以“s”,“x”,“sh”,“ch”结尾时,加“es”,如:catch – catches, watch – watches ;C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变“y”为“i”再加“es”,如:carry – carries, study – studies 。
(2)现在分词(动名词)构成规则:A、一般直接加“ing”,如:go – going, do – doing, look – looking ;B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词,去“e” 加“ing”,如:take – taking, make – making,have – having ;C、以重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,需要双写这个字母再加“ing”,如:put – putting, stop – stopping, run – running, get – getting, swim – swimming, sit – sitting, begin – beginning, jog – jogging, forget – forgetting 。
(3)过去式构成规则:A、一般直接加“ed”,如:plant – planted, visit – visited, pick – picked ;B、以不发音字母“e”结尾,直接加“ed”,如:like – liked, hope – hoped, taste – tasted ;C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变“y”为“i”再加“ed”,如:try – tried, carry – carried,study – studied ;D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母,再加“ed”,如:stop – stopped ;E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的,请记忆:是-am(be)-was-being;是-are(be)-were-being;是-be-was, were-being;成为-become-became-becoming;开始-begin-began-beginning;弯曲-bend-bent-bending;吹-blow-blew-blowing;买-buy-bought-buying;能-can-could-----;捕捉-catch-caught-catching;选择-choose-chose-choosing;来-come-came-coming;切-cut-cut-cutting;做-do, does-did-doing;画-draw-drew-drawing;饮-drink-drank-drinking;吃-eat-ate-eating;感觉-feel-felt-feeling;发现-find-found-finding;飞-fly-flew-flying;忘记-forget-forgot-forgetting;得到-get-got-getting;给-give-gave-giving;走-go-went-going;成长-grow-grew-growing;有-have, has-had-having;听-hear-heard-hearing;受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting;保持-keep-kept-keeping;知道-know-knew-knowing;学习-learn-learned, learnt-learning;允许,让-let-let-letting;躺-lie-lay-lying;制造-make-made-making;可以-may-might----;意味-mean-meant-meaning;会见-meet-met-meeting;必须-must-must----;放置-put-put-putting;读-read-read-reading;骑、乘-ride-rode-riding;响、鸣-ring-rang-ringing;跑-run-ran-running;说-say-said-saying;看见-see-saw-seeing;将-shall-should----;唱歌-sing-sang-singing;坐下-sit-sat-sitting;睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping;说-speak-spoke-speaking;度过-spend-spent-spending。
三单的变化规则三单的变化规则是指英语动词在第三人称单数形式下的变化规律。
在英语中,动词的变化主要包括三个方面:人称、数和时态。
人称分为第一人称、第二人称和第三人称,数分为单数和复数,时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时等。
本文将重点介绍第三人称单数形式下的变化规则。
在一般现在时中,第三人称单数形式的变化规则是在动词原形后加上-s或-es。
具体规则如下:1. 对于以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,将y变为i,再加上-es。
例如:study→studies,fly→flies。
2. 对于以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词,加上-es。
例如:pass→passes,fix→fixes,watch→watches,go→goes。
3. 对于以辅音字母+o结尾的动词,通常加上-es,但也有一些例外。
例如:do→does,go→goes。
4. 对于以辅音字母+o结尾的动词,当其前面有元音字母时,只加-s。
例如:go→goes,do→does。
5. 对于以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,当其前面有元音字母时,只加-s。
例如:play→plays,say→says。
6. 对于以辅音字母+ch, sh, x结尾的动词,当其前面有元音字母时,只加-s。
例如:teach→teaches,wash→washes。
在一般过去时中,第三人称单数形式的变化规则是在动词原形后加上-ed或-d。
具体规则如下:1. 对于以辅音字母+e结尾的动词,直接加上-d。
例如:live→lived,hope→hoped。
2. 对于以重读闭音节结尾的动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加上-ed。
例如:stop→stopped,plan→planned。
3. 对于以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,将y变为i,再加上-ed。
例如:study→studied,carry→carried。
4. 对于以辅音字母结尾的动词,当其前面是元音字母时,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加上-ed。
一般现在时动词三单变化规则
1. 对于大多数动词,第三人称单数加上-s或-es。
例如:play → plays, watch → watches。
2. 对于以s, sh, ch, x, z结尾的动词,第三人称单数在词尾加-es。
例如:pass → passes, brush → brushes。
3. 对于以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,将y变为i,再加上-es。
例如:fly → flies, study → studies。
4. 对于以元音字母加y结尾的动词,直接加上-s。
例如:play → plays, enjoy → enjoys。
5. 对于以辅音字母加o结尾的动词,通常在词尾加-es。
例如:do
→ does, go → goes。
但也有例外,如:go → goes。
6. 仅有少数几个动词在第三人称单数形式不变。
例如:have → has, do → does。
值得一提的是,对于be动词,第三人称单数形式是is。
例如:I am, he is。
动词变成第三人称单数变化规则
动词第三人称单数变化规则有:1.直接在词尾加s;2.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,要先将y变为i然后再加es;3.以o结尾的动词,在词尾加es;4.have变为has等。
动词第三人称单数变化规则有:
1.大多数实义动词在词尾加s在清辅音后发音为/ s / ;在浊辅音及元音音素后发音为/ z /。
如speakrarr;speaks / s / ; comerarr;comes / z / ; playrarr;plays / z / 。
2.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,要先将y变为i然后再加es读/ iz /。
如studyrarr;studies / iz / ; flyrarr;flies / iz /。
3.以s、x、ch、sh结尾的动词在词尾加es发音为/ iz / 。
如teachrarr;teaches / iz / ; watchrarr;watches / iz /。
4.以o结尾的动词,在词尾加es。
常出现的两个以o结尾的动词go和do后加es读/ z / 。
如gorarr;goes / z / ; dorarr;does / z /。
5.记住最为特别的be的三单is ,have的三单是has。
注意:
a、下面两个动词变三单时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,要记忆。
如do/ du: / rarr;does/ d?z / ; say/ sei / rarr; says / sez / 。
动词第三人称单数变化规则1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s. 例如:works gets says reads2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或o 结尾的动词,在后面加-es。
例如:go-goes teach-,teache wash-washes brush-brushes ,catch-catches ,do-does ,fix -fixes3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加-es. 例如:study- studies try-tries carry-carries ,fly-flies cry-cries现在分词变化规则1.直接+ ing(例:sleep+ing sleeping)2.去e+ing(例:bite-e+ing biting)3重读闭音节,且末尾只有1个辅音字母,双写辅音字母+ing(例:sit+t+ing sitting)4.特殊变化:die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying5.不规则变化现在进行时的基本用法:A 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
例:We are waiting for you.B. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
例:Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。
)例:She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已经安排了)we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了)D.有些动词(状态动词不用于进行时态)1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know, remember,realize,suppose,understand2.表示“看起来”“看上去"appear,resemble,seem3表示喜爱或不喜爱hate,like.lover.prefer4表示构成或来源的动词be come from.contain,include5表示感官的动词hear see smell sound taste6表示拥有的动词belong to.need.own .possess.want wish1、现在进行时的构成现在进行时由"be+v-ing"构成。
可编写可改正动词第三人称单数的变化规则及练习一、变化规则1、直接在动词后 +s比如: like- likes play-plays2、以 s, x, sh, ch,接尾的动词:+es比如: wash-washes3、以辅音 +o 接尾的动词: +es比如: go-goes4、以辅音 +y 接尾的动词:变y 为 i+es比如: fly-flies动词短语:+s:Plays, skips, sings, gives, starts, likes,buys some toys, gets up comes back homemakes noodles, eats lunch drinks coffeebegins his class , practises the piano+es :watches TV brushes his teethgoes to bed goes to schooldoes my homework does some readingy→ i+ es:fly→ flies study→studies注意:不规则变化: have-----has,be-------is,do-----does可编写可改正写出以下动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______carry ____come________watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush________ do_________teach_______二、请看下边两组句子,注意划分他们的共同点和不一样点。
I go to school every day.I don't go to school every day.He goes to school every day.He doesn't go to school every day.Do you go to school every dayYes, I do. (No, I don't)Does he go to school every dayYes, he does. (No, he doesn't)注:1)第三人称单数用了does后边就不用动词的s 形式了 , 而用动词原形 . 。
英语三单形式变化规则英语动词的第三人称单数形式是指在主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it, 名词单数等)时,动词的形式发生变化。
一般来说,动词的第三人称单数形式要在动词词尾加上-s、-es或-ies。
但是也有一些特殊情况和不规则变化需要注意。
下面将详细介绍英语动词三单形式的变化规则。
一般规则:1.大多数动词在第三人称单数形式时,在词尾加上-s。
例如:speak → speaks;run → runs;work → works;play → plays2. 如果一个动词以s、x、ch、sh 结尾,动词第三人称单数形式应该在词尾加上-es。
例如:pass → passes;fix → fixes;watch → watches;brush→ brushes3. 动词以辅音字母+y结尾,转变为以辅音字母+i+y结尾,然后在词尾加上-es。
例如:study → studies;carry → carries;try → tries4. 动词以辅音字母+o结尾,第三人称单数时,在词尾加上-es。
例如:do → does;go → goes;echo → echoes5.动词以辅音字母+o结尾,前面有一个元音字母,第三人称单数时,只加-s。
例如:piano → pianos;photo → photos6. 动词以辅音字母+consonant字母+ y 结尾,将y改为ies。
例如:study → studies;fly → flies;cry → cries7.动词以“辅音字母+_y”的形式结尾,但是该辅音字母前是一个元音字母。
这种情况下,动词的第三人称单数形式在词尾加上-s。
例如:play → plays;pray → prays;enjoy → enjoys不规则变化:除了一般的规则以外,还有一些常见的动词变化形式是不规则的,需要单独记忆。
1. be → is(am,are)例如:She is a student. → He is a teacher.注意:be动词变化形式较为特殊,主语为第三人称单数时,is是be 动词的正确形式。
动词变三单:动词第三人称单数的变化规则:①、一般情况下,词尾加s,如;like----likes, want----wants.②、以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的加es,如,watch---watches, go---goes。
③、以y结尾的归两大类:★元音+y要加s,如play----plays★辅音+y要变y为i+es如study---studies动词ing变化规则1.通常在动词后加ing。
如play→playing2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e加ing。
如make→making3.以辅元辅结尾的动词,双写末尾字母,再加ing。
如run→running4.以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加ing。
如lie→lying注:travel / quarrel可双写l,也可不双写。
如travel→travelling / traveling动词过去式变化:[1] e结尾的情况:e结尾的动词, 直接加d: smile--smiled; hope--hoped.ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied.[2] 双辅音结尾的情况:两个辅音字母(consonant)结尾的, 直接加ed: helped; learned.[3]两个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:两个元音(元音字母:a,e,i,o,u)加一个辅音字母结尾的动词,直接加ed: rained; heated.[4] 一个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的动词:(1) 对单音节单词,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed. stopped; planned;(2) 对双音节单词,如果重读在第一个音节处,不双写加ed. 如: visited(重读在vis前); offered(重读在of 前);(3) 对双音节单词,如果重读在第二个音节处,双写词尾辅音字母加ed. 如: preferred(重读在fer前); admitted(重读在mit前); referred; deferred;[5] y结尾的情况:元音+y结尾动词,直接加ed: played; enjoyed.辅音+y结尾动词,y变i加ed: worried;studied.1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
动词第三人称单数变化规则如下高三英语复习动词第三人称单数规则一)一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s.例如:worksgetssaysreads2)以ch、SH、s、x或O结尾的动词,后跟-es。
例如:go goesteach-,teache洗brush-brushes,catch-catches,do-does,fix-fixes3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y变为i再加-es.例如:study-studiestry-triescarry-carries,fly-fliescry-cries现在分词变化规律1.直接+ing(例:sleep+ingsleeping)2.去e+ing(例:bite-e+ingbiting)3.重读封闭音节,结尾只有一个辅音,并双写辅音+ing(例如sit+T+ingsitting)4.特殊变化:die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying3.现在分词的变化规则:(1)一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ingwork----workingsleep-----sleepingstudy-----studying(2)这个动词以一个清音的-E结尾。
转到-E并加上-ingtake------take make------make------dancing(3)重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ingcut-----cuttingput-----puttingbegin------beginning(4)以-ie结尾的动词改为y并加上-inglie----liengtie-----tyingdie-----dying3.也有一些单音节词可以添加更多和最多,以形成比较级和最高级:最初的比较级和最高级更清晰,最近更新gladmoregladmostglad名词的复数形式构成方法在词尾加-s1.以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词后加-es2.如词尾是e,只加-s如词尾为cf或cfe,则一般变为cves以辅音+y结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es以元音+y结尾的名词,加-s以辅音+o结尾的名词,加-es以元音+o结尾的名词,加-s以-th结尾的名词,加-s例词英语里有一些名词的复数形式不是以词尾-s或-es构成,构成方法变内部元音foot[u]―feet[i:]man[]―men[e]mouse[au]―mice[ai]woman[]―women[e]词尾加-enox―oxen(公牛)child[ai]―children[i]形式不变(通形名词----单、复数同形)deer―deerfish―fishsheep―sheep集合名词(只有复数,没有单数。
三单动词的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s如:play—plays, want—wants, work—works, know—knows, help—helps,get—gets 2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es如:guess—guesses, fix—fixes, teach—teaches, brush—brushes, go—goes,do—does,watch—watches,catch—catches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es如:study—studies,carry—carries,fly—flies,worry—worries一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______catch _________ brush_________ wash_________ do________like________have_______watch_______drink_______ fly_______say_________ learn ________ eat________ read_________ sing_______二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
(一)1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _______(like) cooking.12. They _______(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _______(do) your homework well.15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.20. -What day _______(be) it today? It’s Saturday.(二)1. We often___________(play) in the playgound.2. He usually _________(get) up at six o’clock.3.__________you_________(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What (do) he usually (do) after school?5. Danny (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art an school.6. Mike sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she __________(watch) TV with his parents.8. ________ Mike________(read) English every day?9.How many lessons_________your classmate________(have) on Monday?10. What time_________his mother_________(do) the housework?(三)1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _______(do) your homework well.15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.20. -What day _______(be) it today?-It’s Saturday.(四)1 I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit.2 _____your sister_____(know)English?3Her home____ _____ ______(远离)her school.4The pot_____(not look) like yours very much.5 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day?6 Who_____(想要)to go swimming?7 ______she_____(do) the housework every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon(五)1.Where (be) John and Jack from?2. His favourite subjects (be) P.E. and music.3. His pen pal (live) in Toronto.4. he (have) any sisters?5. Ben can (speak) English and Spanish.6. Her brother (not play) sports every day, he only (watch) them on TV.7. My patents want (go) shopping on Sunday.8. She likes (play) computer games.9. When your mother (cook) breakfast every morning?10. There (be) some ice cream and hamburgers on the table.11. Mr White always (get) up early in the morning.12. Jack, together with his friends, (go) to park every week.13. Nick (have) lunch at school from Monday to Friday.14. There (be) seven days in a week.15. The students in our school (like) English.三、选择填空:( )1. I ________to school at 7:00 in the morning.A. goB. goingC. goes( )2. They _______books every day in the library.A.readsB. readC. reading( )3. The monkey________ eating bananas very much.A.likeB. likesC. liking( )4. My father ________to read newspaper after supper every day.A.likeB. likesC. liking( )5. I like watching TV, but my mother _________like it.A. don’tB. doesn’tC. does( )6. ____________ your father drink milk every day?A.doB. areC. does(二)()Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.A work worksB works workC work are workingD is working work()One of the boys_____ a black hat.A haveB there isC there areD has()We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain ()He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A rose; setB rises; setsC rises, setD rise; sets()Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.A like; listenB likes; listensC like; are listeningD liking ; listen()Jenny____ English every evening.A has studyB studiesC studyD studied四、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)________________________________________________________3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)_______________________________________________________4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)________________________________________________________5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)________________________________________________________10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? __________________2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________3. He likes play games after class. __________________4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________。