ch01系统基础信息模块详解第1章系统基础信息模块详解1.1 系统性能信息模块 psutil解决VMWare在Windows10的安装问题: 安装VC Redistributable 2017解决虚拟机的上⽹问题：修改VMWare 的⽹络设置解决PuTTY连接不上虚拟机的问题：修改VMnet8的IPv4地址在Centos7安装pip在Centos7安装psutil模块#1、以root⾝份登陆CentOS依次执⾏以下命令：wget https:///packages/source/p/psutil/psutil-2.1.3.tar.gz --no-check-certificatetar zxvf psutil-2.1.3.tar.gzcd psutil-2.1.3/python setup.py install#2、在执⾏以上命令最后的安装命令时，遇到以下问题psutil/_psutil_linux.c:12:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory这样的错误提⽰,表⽰缺少Python-dev的依赖环境,直接安装Python-devel即可yum -y install python-devel*安装完后,再执⾏ python setup.py install 即可安装完成提⽰:Installed /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/psutil-2.1.3-py2.7-linux-x86_64.eggProcessing dependencies for psutil==2.1.3Finished processing dependencies for psutil==2.1.31.1.1 获取系统性能信息(1) CPU信息>>> import psutil/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/psutil-2.1.3-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/_psutil_linux.py:3: UserWarning: Module _psutil_linux was already imported from /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/psutil-2.1.3-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/_psutil_linux.pyc, but >>> psutil.cpu_times()scputimes(user=46.0, nice=0.27, system=87.6, idle=10040.74, iowait=52.76, irq=0.0, softirq=9.79, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)>>> psutil.cpu_times().user46.03>>> psutil.cpu_count()2>>> psutil.cpu_count(logical=False)2>>>(2)内存信息>>> mem = psutil.virtual_memory()>>> memsvmem(total=1907970048L, available=1505476608L, percent=21.1, used=915431424L, free=992538624L, active=423669760, inactive=202493952, buffers=2134016L, cached=510803968)>>> mem.total1907970048L>>> mem.free992538624L>>> psutil.swap_memory()sswap(total=2147479552L, used=0L, free=2147479552L, percent=0.0, sin=0, sout=0)>>>(3)磁盘信息>>> psutil.disk_partitions()[sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda3', mountpoint='/', fstype='xfs', opts='rw,seclabel,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/boot', fstype='xfs', opts='rw,seclabel,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota')]>>> psutil.disk_usage('/')sdiskusage(total=19001245696, used=4522000384, free=14479245312, percent=23.8)>>> psutil.disk_io_counters()sdiskio(read_count=14186, write_count=8265, read_bytes=432613888, write_bytes=230467072, read_time=225143, write_time=59109)>>> psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=True){'sr0': sdiskio(read_count=18, write_count=0, read_bytes=1052672, write_bytes=0, read_time=761, write_time=0), 'sda2': sdiskio(read_count=54, write_count=0, read_bytes=2527232, write_bytes=0, read_time=335, write_time=0), 'sda3': sdiskio(r >>>(4)⽹络信息>>> _io_counters()snetio(bytes_sent=1227849, bytes_recv=34910887, packets_sent=12412, packets_recv=29882, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)>>> _io_counters(pernic=True){'lo': snetio(bytes_sent=14274, bytes_recv=14274, packets_sent=144, packets_recv=144, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0), 'ens33': snetio(bytes_sent=1216087, bytes_recv=34904091, packets_sent=12290, packets_recv=29824, errin=0, >>>(5)其他系统信息>>> ers()[suser(name='root', terminal='tty1', host='', started=1597921920.0), suser(name='root', terminal='pts/0', host='192.168.135.1', started=1597933824.0), suser(name='chenjo', terminal='pts/1', host='192.168.135.1', started=1597923712.0)]>>> import datetime>>> psutil.boot_time()1597925932.0>>> datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time()).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")'2020-08-20 20:18:52'>>>1.1.2 系统进程管理⽅法(1)进程信息>>> import psutil>>> psutil.pids()[1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 36, 37, 38, 39, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 66, 97, 638, 649, 655, 664, 666, 805, 810, 1678, 1683, 1824, 1828, 2876, 2877, 2887, 2890, 2893, 2894, 2895, 2896, >>> p = psutil.Process(17557)>>> <bound method of <psutil.Process(pid=17557, name='python') at 139991911690768>>>>> p.exe()'/usr/bin/python2.7;5f3e6c2d'>>> p.cwd()'/tmp'>>> p.status()'stopped'>>> p.create_time()1597928634.08>>> p.uids()puids(real=0, effective=0, saved=0)>>> p.gids()pgids(real=0, effective=0, saved=0)>>> p.cpu_times()pcputimes(user=0.01, system=0.0)>>> p.cpu_affinity()[0, 1]>>> p.memory_percent()0.27350031021032045>>> p.memory_info()pmem(rss=5218304, vms=133287936)>>> p.io_counters()pio(read_count=118, write_count=9, read_bytes=0, write_bytes=0)>>> p.connections()[]>>> p.num_threads()1>>>(2)popen类的使⽤import psutilfrom subprocess import PIPEp = psutil.Popen(["/usr/bin/python", "-c", "print('hello')"], stdout=PIPE)()ername()p.cpu_times()municate()#p.cpu_times()[root@ansible mycode]# pythonPython 2.7.5 (default, Apr 2 2020, 13:16:51)[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux2Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import psutil>>> from subprocess import PIPE>>> p = psutil.Popen(["/usr/bin/python", "-c", "print('hello')"], stdout=PIPE)>>> ()'python'>>> ername()'root'>>> p.cpu_times()pcputimes(user=0.01, system=0.0)>>> municate()('hello\n', None)>>>参考提⽰1.1.1节⽰例参考https:///giampaolo/psutil1.1.1节模块说明参考官⽹/en/latest1.2 实⽤的IP地址处理模块IPyCentos7上安装ipy>>> from IPy import IP>>> IP('10.0.0.0/8').version()4>>> IP('::1').version()6>>>>>> ip = IP('192.168.0.0/16')>>> print ip.len()65536>>> for x in ip:... print(x)...192.168.0.0192.168.0.1192.168.0.2192.168.0.3...>>> print(IP('192.168.1.0').make_net('255.255.255.0'))192.168.1.0/24>>> print(IP('192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0', make_net=True))192.168.1.0/24>>> print(IP('192.168.1.0-192.168.1.255', make_net=True))192.168.1.0/24>>>wantprefixlen 的取值及含义：wantprefixlen = 0，⽆返回，如192.168.1.0。
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