2019年高考英语一轮巩固达标练题 Unit 1 A land of diversity(含解析)新人教版选修8(含答案).doc

A land of diversity

李仕才

***阅读理解。

Beijing’s Forbidden City is a place full of wonder. From its thousands of

rooms to its many beautiful artifacts, there’s no wonder it’s one of China’s most

popular tourist destinations.

But even more than 600 years after it was built, it’s still managing to

serve up surprises. Since it was built during the Ming Dynasty, it’s estimated that

the Forbidden City has survived more than 200 earthquakes. And while most

structures aren’t made to survive natural disasters, let alone ones built hundreds

of years ago, it seems that the Forbidden City was built to withstand anything.

A recent television documentary by UK broadcaster Channel 4 explored

the skills of the ancient building’s designers. A group of Chinese carpenters and

engineers were shown building a scale model (成比例模型) of one of the

Forbidden City’s palaces, at one fifth of the size.

To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model

was put to the test. It was subjected to a simulated (模拟的) earthquake of 9.5 on

the Richter scale – equivalent to the largest ever recorded quake – and

survived. Instead of falling apart, the model was just moved gently during the test.

According to experts, the answer to the Forbidden City’s strength, as

well as other ancient Chinese structures’, lies in dougong– a centuries-old

building method invented in China. This is the name for special brackets on

buildings. Despite being held together without any nails or glue, the brackets are perfect at keeping structures together when the weather gets rough.

“Dougong design is an important earthquake-resistant feature of

classical Chinese structures because the framework changes in shape when

under pressure, much like the shock absorbers (减震器) of a car,” according to

Chinese National Geography.

“Ancient Chinese craftsmen created structures that were both enduring

and aesthetically (在美学方面) pleasing using dougong, revealing their advanced

understanding of mathematics, architecture, materials, and structural science.”

The Forbidden City draws visitors because of its rich history and cultural

significance, but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions:

earthquake shelter.

1. What is the article mainly about?

A.What has made the Forbidden City a popular tourist destination.

B.What has helped the Forbidden City survive so many earthquakes.

C.The characteristics of Chinese architecture during the Ming Dynasty.

D.A variety of building methods used in ancient Chinese structures.

2. Which of the following can best replace the underlined phrase “was

subjected to” in Paragraph 4?

A. suffered B. was controlled by

C. obeyed D. was affected by

3. What was the aim of the test in the UK documentary?

A. To reproduce a real earthquake from the Ming Dynasty.

B. To discover a long-lost Chinese building method

C. To explain the impact of earthquakes on ancient buildings. D. To prove the strength of ancient Chinese architecture.

4. What is “dougong” according to the text?

A. A paint that gives Chinese buildings an attractive look.

B. A tool used by ancient people to measure earth-quakes.

C. Special building parts that keep a traditional Chinese building

together,

D. A building piece located in the center of a traditional Chinese house.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了紫禁城的斗拱设计帮助它能够在多次地震中幸存。

1. B【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是倒数第二段中的“Dougong

design is an important

earthquake-resistant feature of classical Chinese structures because the

framework changes in shape when under pressure”可知，紫禁城的斗拱设计帮助它能够在多次地震中幸存。

3. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To show how strong ancient

Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test. ”可知，测试的目的是证明中国古建筑的抗震性。

4. C【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“dougong– a centuries-old

building method invented in China. This is the name for special brackets on

buildings.”可知，斗拱是连接中国传统建筑物的一个特殊部件。 ***语法填空。

Creativity is a mysterious idea. We seem __1__ (feel) that some

people are naturally creative, but we don't know how they got that way. Is

creativity a natural gift, or is __2__ something that can __3__ (acquire)?

Perhaps if we analyze the creative process __4__ (careful), we might get some

insight (洞察力) into what it is and __5__ it might work in our lives. The creative

process has always been accepted as the source of all important work in the

arts, but we should not think the creativity plays a part only in the arts. Every

major scientific discovery began with someone __6__ (imagine) the world

differently from the way others saw it. And this is __7__ creativity is all about.

And despite what you may believe about the limits of your own creative