[K12学习]2019高考英语一轮复习练习题 Unit 1 A land of diversity(

K12学习教育资源

K12学习教育资源 A land of diversity

李仕才

一、阅读理解

Vinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it

to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planet’s

population survive climate change.

Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan

found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could

mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the world’s supply

of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the

Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found

that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical

called acetate（醋酸盐）—the main component of vinegar.

After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to

the soil of other plants, before they stopped giving them water completely. After

leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had

survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.

It’s hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers

in dry countries keep their crops alive. "In the experiment, we targeted the staple

foods of the world—rice, wheat and maize—and the basic plant of breeding species,

rapeseed（油菜籽）," Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science

magazine.

Kim also told the magazine he’s already been in touch with people all over the

world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for

themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point

keeping thirsty plants alive isn’t as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim

said he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. "Now

we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a method

to apply this system, "he said. And for those of us who always forget to ask our

neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returning K12学习教育资源

K12学习教育资源 home from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died.

1.What is the article mainly about?

A. The world’s food supply will be increased.

B. Plants better survive droughts.

C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts.

D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.

2.It was discovered that acetate can .

A. be used by farmers to replace soil B. only be produced by the Arabidopsis

C. help plants survive dry conditions D. be used to improve poor soil

3.What are the target plants of the experiment?

A. all breeding species. B. wheat and Arabidopisis.

C. rice and maize. D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.

4.Jong Myong Kim’s experiment of trying out the method .

A. can make people’s trips pleasant

B. turned out a worldwide success

C. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plants

D. appeals to many flower growing companies

【文章大意】 本文属于科普类文章。醋不仅使食物味道更好，还可以用它来清洁你的窗户。研究发现醋中生长的植物，使它们更耐干旱。

1.D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述了醋能让植物在干旱的环境中生存，即能抗击干旱，故选D。

3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the experiment, we targeted the staple

foods of the world—rice, wheat and maize—and the basic plant of breeding

species, rapeseed,”可知在实验中，主要针对大米，小麦和玉米等。故选C。 K12学习教育资源

K12学习教育资源 4.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的第一句“Kim…he’s already been in touch with

people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and

cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to

amateur gardeners”分析本句可知Kim已与对此感兴趣的花卉种植公司联系，也就是吸引这些公司。故选D。

二、教材与语法填空

根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one

really knows. However, it is 1.___________ (like) that Native Americans were living

in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

Scientists believe that these first 2.___________ (settler) crossed the Bering

Strait in the Arctic to America by 3.___________ (mean) of a land bridge which existed

in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the 4.___________ (arrive) of

Europeans, the native people suffered greatly.

Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. 5.___________ addition, many died

from the diseases brought by Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times,

and today there are more Native Americans 6.___________ (live) in California than

in any other state.

In the 18th century, California 7.___________ (rule) by Spain. Spanish soldiers

first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against

the native people and took their land.

Two centuries 8.___________ (late), the Spanish had settled in most parts of