2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国社会科学院考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：9

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国社会科学院考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题They have developed computers that can understand things people say, and can now give a [A]meaning answer. But human intelligence is better than having a [B]good memory. It may be [C]possible to build computers that can remember a lot more than the human brain. [D]But humans can do a lot more.问题1选项A.meaningB.goodC.possibleD.But【答案】A【解析】考查词性混用。

A选项修饰的词语是answer，因此meaning应改为形容词性的meaningful“有意义的”。

2.单选题We complain of the darkness in which we live out our lives: we do not understand the nature of existence in general; we especially do not know the relation of our own self to the rest of existence. Not only is our life short, our knowledge is limited entirely to it, since we can see（）back before our birth （）out beyond our death, so that our consciousness is as it were a lightning-flash momentarily illuminating the night: it truly seems as though a demon had maliciously shut off all further knowledge from us so as to enjoy our discomfiture.问题1选项A.either...orB.neither...norC.both…andD.not only…but also【答案】B【解析】考查并列连词。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中共中央党校考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Development programs initiated in the tribal-dominated areas often adversely affected the tribal way of life and economy, which was frequently followed by the （） on traditional tribal areas or land by non-tribals.问题1选项A.encroachmentB.expansionC.enormityD.elevation【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。

encroachment “入侵”；expansion “膨胀”；enormity “暴行”；elevation “提升，海拔”。

句意：在部落占主导地位的地区开展的发展项目往往对部落的生活方式和经济产生不利影响，并且通常伴随着部落传统领地经常被其他外来种族入侵。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题To begin to （） the pollution causing climate change, cities around the world need to be made more efficient, adopting measures ranging from reducing the energy costs of sanitation to constructing buildings that waste less energy.问题1选项A.mitigateB.migrateC.magnifyitate【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。

Mitigate “使缓和，减轻”；migrate “移居，移植”；magnify “放大，夸大”；militate “有影响，产生作用”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The most successful post-career athletes are those who can take the identity and life skills they learned in sports and（）them to another area of life.问题1选项A.utilizeB.employC.applyD.exert【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。

utilize“利用”；employ“使用，采用”；apply“申请，应用”；exert“运用，发挥”。

句意：最成功的退役后的运动员是那些将他们从运动中学到的技巧和同一性运用到生活的其他领域的人。

C项符合题意。

2.单选题When I go out in the evening I use the bike（） the car if I can.问题1选项A.rather thanB.regardless ofC.in spite ofD.other than【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。

rather than“而不是”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；in spite of“尽管”；other than“除了”。

句意：我晚上外出时，我一般骑自行车而不是小汽车。

A项符合题意。

3.单选题We would just as soon stay at home（）go for a walk.问题1选项A.thanB.butC.asD.so【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。

would (just) as soon...as意为“宁愿...也不...”。

句意“我们宁愿待在家里也不愿出去散步。

”所以选项C正确。

4.单选题He always has a lot of（） ideas in his mind, and sometimes we do not even know what he is thinking about.问题1选项A.novelB.spoilC.acceptableD.additional【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题You ______ all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked a shop assistant.问题1选项A.didn’t need to carryB.needn’t have carriedC.needn’t carryD.didn’t need carry【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词。

后面的句子用了if虚拟语气，由此可知前面句子是事实，那么前面的句子意思应该是“你本不需要亲自拿包裹”，表示本不必做但事实上已经做了，needn’t have done（本不必做）正符合句意。

句意：你本不必亲自拿这些包裹的。

如果你叫售货员，商店就会替你邮寄他们的。

故正确答案为B。

2.单选题He decided to go ahead with his project ______ what other people said.问题1选项A.regardingB.regardless ofC.regardlessD.regarding of【答案】B【解析】考查词组。

A项regarding“关于，至于”，B项regardless of“不管，不顾”，C项regardless“不管的”，D项regarding of“关于”。

句意：不论其他人怎么说，他都决定继续完成他的计划。

根据句意，正确答案为B。

3.翻译题The United States is a common law country. Every U.S. state has a legal system based on the common law, except Louisiana. Common law has no statutory basis; judges establish common law by applying previous decisions (precedents) to present cases. Although typically affected by statutory authority, broad areas of the law, most notably relating to property, contracts, and torts, are traditionally part of the common law. These areas of the law are mostly within the jurisdiction of the states, and thus state courts are the primary source of common law. Federal common law is relatively narrow in scope, being limited primarily to clearly federal issues that have not been addressed by a statute.State constitutions are the supreme law within the state. Although a state constitution may grant greater rights than those secured by the federal Constitution, it cannot provide lesser rights than the federal constitution does. State statutes must conform to the respective state’s constitution. All state constitutions and legislation can be preempted by feder al legislation or the federal Constitution. Municipal charters, ordinances, rules, and regulations apply only to local issues; either state or federal law typically can preempt them.【答案】参考译文：美国是一个普通法系的国家。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国财政科学研究院考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题(36) For many, the global financial and economic crisis has confirmed existing anti-globalization sentiments and is being reflected in opposition to more liberalized trade. Under the dislocation caused by the financial crisis, many countries are attempting to curtail imports or impose other restrictions on trade. At both the G-20 Leaders’ Summit and the meetings of finance ministers and central bank governors, participants agreed to fight all forms of protectionism and maintain open trade. However, in March 2009, World Trade Organization Director-General Pascal Lamy stated that members of the WTO were showing a “worrying tendency toward increased trade protectionism as a result of the deepening global economic crisis.”(37) The overt forms of protectionism or beggar-thy-neighbor policies are limited by rules countries have agreed to as members of the WTO. However, there is ample scope, for increases in trade barriers that are consistent with WTO rules and obligations, including increases in applied tariffs to higher bound levels. If all WTO members raised their currently applied tariff to today’s WTO bound rates, tariffs worldwide would double. The WTO has said that such increases in trade barriers could cause world trade to shrink by up to 8% and reduce global welfare by up to $350 billion.Almost any government intervention into economic activity affects international trade and capital flows. Since government intervention generally is influenced by political considerations and may involve tax dollars, it usually favors domestic constituencies at the expense of foreign constituencies. (38) A danger in the process of recovering from the global financial crisis is that countries may try to capture a larger share of a declining volume of international trade rather than attempt to induce recovery in trade flows by helping their macro-economies return to health. In the United States, the “BUY American” provision in the February 2009 stimulus package has been characterized by some as a step down the slippery slope leading to protectionism and a sign, worrying to many, that the United States may not be a leader of the free-trade initiatives in the years ahead. The European Union has raised questions about whether its provisions are compatible with U.S. international trade commitments even though the provision applies only to steel, iron, and manufactured goods used in construction projects and language was included that the provision “shall be applied in a manner consistent with United States obligations under internatio nal agreements.” (39) The criticism from other nations of this provision appears to be based on both its presumed effects and the fear that even a relatively small “Buy American” provision at this time could set a precedent that could open the floodgates and provide the excuse for a cycle of “creeping protectionism” by other nations.【答案】36. 对许多人来说，全球金融和经济危机证实了现有的反全球化情绪，并且反映在反对更加自由化的贸易。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题There is（） conflicting information on how much iron women need in their diet.问题1选项A.so muchB.so manyC.too fewD.a few【答案】A【解析】information是不可数名司，只有选项A后面接不可数名词。

2.单选题Peter’s mother kept telling him that（） in the street is dangerous, but he would not listen. 问题1选项A.playedB.will playC.playingD.been playing 【答案】C【解析】that引导的句子在句中作补语，在that从句中缺少主语，因此应该用动词的现在分词形式作主语。

所以，选项C正确。

3.单选题Tom Jones, who（） around the world, will come to Asia next month.问题1选项A.will be touringB.have touredC.had been touringD.has been touring【答案】D【解析】根据句意可知，这里是已经开始并持续进行的动作，所以应该用现在完成进行时。

选项D正确。

4.单选题Am I to understand that his new post （） no responsibility with it at all?问题1选项A.keepsB.supportsC.carriesD.possesses【答案】C【解析】常用搭配。

carry responsibility为常用搭配,意为“承担责任”。

选项C符合句意。

5.单选题The Jatakana culture encompasses every（）of life from beliefs, superstitions, and practices to art, education and tourism.问题1选项A.respectB.inspectC.aspectD.suspect【答案】C【解析】形近词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国财政科学研究院考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The stock market declined sharply, and rampant business investment slumped. Then an ensuing spate on scandals _______ public trust in the way companies were run.问题1选项A.consolidatedB.illuminatedC.weakenedD.celebrated【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项consolidate“巩固，加强”；B选项illuminate“说明；使灿烂”；C选项weaken“削弱”；D选项celebrate“庆祝；宣告”。

句意：股市大幅下跌，泛滥的商业投资大幅下滑。

接着是一连串的丑闻_______公众对公司运作方式的信任。

根据语境，股市大跌，投资下滑，可知这里表达负面的意味，weaken“削弱”符合题意。

因此C选项正确。

2.单选题Our modern civilization must not be thought of as ______ in a short period of time.问题1选项A.being createB.having createdC.having been createdD.creating【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：我们的现代文明不应该被认为是在短时间内创造出来的。

根据civilization 被create确定用被动语态，根据create的动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，并且将持续下去确定用现在完成时，C选项having been created符合题意。

因此C选项正确。

3.单选题Not only ______ much bigger than any planet, but unlike the planets, it consists completely of gaseous material.问题1选项A.the sun isB.the sun, which isC.is the sunD.that the sun【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, there are no stories of women being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region.问题1选项A.intriguingB.exasperatingC.demonstrativeD.unprovoked【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。

根据句意可知，划线部分词应该为贬义，首先排除选项A和C；其次如果选B，这里应该指让人感到愤怒的，用-ed的形式，所以选项B不正确；选项D正确，指无缘无故的，符合语境。

2.单选题The team leader of mountain climbers marked out（） .问题1选项A.that seemed to be the best routeB.what seemed to be the best routeC.which seemed to be tile best routeD.something that to be the best route 【答案】B【解析】本句缺少的成分是宾语从句，只有选项B能作为宾语从句。

that一般引导同位语从句；选项C缺少先行词；选项D用法不正确，所以本题选B。

3.单选题When the air in a certain space is squeezed to occupy a smaller space, the air is said to be （） .问题1选项mencedpressedpromisedpensated【答案】B【解析】commenced开始；compressed压缩；compromised妥协；compensated补偿。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The terrorists kidnapped the director of the company and demanded a large sums of money for his （）.问题1选项A.libertyB.reliefC.relaxationD.release【答案】D【解析】上下文语义。

句意：恐怖分子绑架了这家公司的经理，要求得到一大笔钱才会释放他。

选项D符合句意。

2.单选题One can understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and（）to expressed thoughts.问题1选项A.dilemmasB.countenancesC.concessionsD.junctions【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。

dilemmas困境；countenances面容；concessions让步；junctions连接点。

句意：一个人可以通过注意他人的眼睛和面部即时的或短暂的反应来更好地理解别人。

选项B符合句意。

3.单选题Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have （） ones.问题1选项A.similarB.singularC.differentD.separate【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。

句意：两个孩子必须睡在一张床上，而另外三个孩子睡在不同的床上。

根据语境可知，这里指分开的独立的床，选项D符合语境。

4.单选题The cultures of China and Japan have shared many features, but each has used them according to its national（）.问题1选项A.personalityB.temperamentC.interestD.destiny【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Bank notes are not usually （）into gold nowadays.问题1选项A.invertedB.revertibleC.convertibleD.diverting【答案】C【解析】形近词辨析。

句意：现在的纸币通常不能兑换成黄金。

选项C符合句意。

2.单选题To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun.Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese in the eleventh century B. C.We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices.In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first person in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans.During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France and later on in England.By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made in a whole variety of colors.1.The first use of umbrella was as （） .2.（）were the people who first used umbrella.3.The umbrella was used only by royalty or by those in high offices （）.4.According to the passage, which of the following is not true?5.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?问题1选项A.protection against rainB.a shade against the sunC.a symbol of powerD.a symbol of honor问题2选项A.ChineseB.RomansC.GreeksD.Egyptians问题3选项A.in Europe in the 18th centuryB.in ancient Egypt and BabylonC.in the Far East in ancient timesD.during the Middle Ages问题4选项A.Women enjoy using umbrellas with varied kinds of colors nowadays.B.The inventor of the umbrella is unknown.C.Once ordinary people had no right to use umbrellas.D.Umbrellas were popular and cheap in ancient times.问题5选项A.When Was the Umbrella Invented?B.The History of UmbrellaC.Umbrella—A Symbol of HonorD.Who Used Umbrella First?【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。