Unit 3 save the world .module 12
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Module 12Save our world构词法一、概述构词法是利用词形变化的规律来构成词汇的方法。
英语的构词法有三种: 合成法、派生法和转化法。
二、合成法合成法是由两个或两个以上的词结合构成一个词, 包括形容词、名词、动词和副词等。
1. 合成形容词: 如warm-hearted; hard-working; peace-loving等。
2. 合成名词: 如blackboard; website; classroom等。
3. 合成动词: 如overcome; download等。
4. 合成副词: 如everywhere; downstairs等。
三、派生法在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词, 这种构词法叫派生法。
加在单词前面的词缀叫前缀, 加在单词后面的词缀叫后缀。
1. 常见前缀en-(使……处于某种状态) enable使能够un-(不, 非; 表示否定) unhappy不快乐的dis-(不, 非; 表示否定) disagree不同意inter-(相互, 在……之间) interview面试, 采访mis-(错误地) misunderstand误解2. 常见后缀四、转化法把一个单词由一种词性转换为另一种词性, 这种构词法叫转化法。
1. 名词转化为动词show n. 展览, 展示→ show v. 表演, 展出water n. 水→ water v. 浇水2. 形容词转化为动词slow adj. 慢的→slow v. (使)放慢速度3. 动词转化为名词walk v. 散步, 走→walk n. 散步look v. 看→look n. 看4. 形容词转化为名词black adj. 黑色的→black n. 黑色light adj. 明亮的→light n. 光线5. 副词转化为形容词hard adv. 努力地→hard adj. 困难的Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. —Let’s cross the road quickly.—We’d better not. It’s a red light. It’s dangerous (danger).2. My father finally (final) stopped smoking.3. Some achievements (achieve) in the medical research helped control the terrible illness.4. —What are you going to do with the clothes?—Some clothes will be given to the poor and the others will be sent to factories for recycling (recycle).5. They hoped to see the problem solved peacefully (peaceful).6. We’re really lucky (luck) to live in such a powerful country.Ⅱ. 根据提示完成句子1. Let’s talk(talk) about the lesson given by Shenzhou-13 astronauts.2. I think we’d better finish the talk (谈话) now.3. She gave me a cup of water (水).4. You should water (浇水) the flowers twice a day.5. Don’t waste (浪费) the water.6. The waste (废弃物) is harmful to the environment.Ⅲ. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. (2021·云南中考)As a TV reporter(report), it’s my duty to tell the truth to the public.2. (2021·云南中考)Tianwen-1 landed on Mars successfully (success) on May 15, 2021.3. (2021·常德中考)Pay much attention to your handwriting. You need to write carefully (careful).4. (2021·扬州中考)My parents and I had a wonderful (wonder) journey to Hainan.5. (2021·扬州中考)For a long time in history, people depended greatly (great) on horses to trade goods.6. (2021·盐城中考)If you buy a blind box, you’ll get a box with a(n) unknown (known) item inside.7. (2021·武威中考)She fell heavily (heavy) to the ground.8. (2021·绥化中考)Zhang Guimei has managed to make thousands of girls receive education (educate).9. (2021·龙东中考)Although the pollution is serious, I don’t think it’s hopeless(hope).10. (2021·龙东中考)These artists’(art) paintings won an international prize. We take pride in them.11. (2021·大庆中考) It is impolite (polite) to speak when eating things.12. (2021·大庆中考) I accepted an invitation (invite) to the party from my friend.13. (2021·北部湾中考)The police usually help people out of dangerous (danger) situations.14. (2021·北部湾中考)The young singer (sing) surprised us all with her wonderful voice.15. (2020·上海中考) Sitting in front of the screen for too long is unhealthy(healthy). It’s bad for your eyes.16. (2020·大庆中考)—Did you hear anything unusual (usual) in the street?—Sorry, I’m not sure. I was cleaning the room.17. (2020·大庆中考)Mr Xi Jinping encourages young people to find happiness (happy) in hard work.写作话题: 讨论环境保护写作内容: 环境保护, 包括现状、环保的措施及个人建议写作指导: 利用本模块知识描述环境污染的现状; 提出环境保护的措施; 呼吁增强环保意识为响应我市全面创建国家卫生城市的号召, 某校开展了以“绿色城市, 健康生活”为主题的英语征文活动。
Unit 3 Language in useI hear you are off to the C ribbean for a holiday !【教学思路】本单元的教学内容是第十二模块中的第三单元,是语法课。
加前、后缀是英语中最常见的扩充词汇的方式,也是学习英语必须掌握的构词法。
通过让学生自主思考、小组合作交流的方式,活跃课堂气氛并使学生加强对单词前缀、后缀意义的了解,便于词汇记忆和猜测生词的含义,但常用的前缀、后缀非常多,因此应指导学生在学习的过程中自己学习、讨论、研究和发现其规律,并注意平时的积累。
【教学准备】黑板,录音机,卡片,多媒体等。
【教学过程】Step 1 Warming up1.教师让学生说说平时生活中采取的环保措施。
2.让学生用英语解释一下reduce,reuse,recycle的含义。
Step 2 Presentation1.首先让学生独立完成Activity 1中的词语练习题,熟悉前缀、后缀构词法并总结规律,师生核对答案。
2.让学生讲解前、后缀含义,学生举手投票选出最佳讲解者,加分奖励。
3.最后教师补充纠正。
4.教师最后讲解构词法。
派生法是英语主要的构词法。
这方法是借前缀或后缀产生出派生词,主要有名词、形容词和动词三种。
前缀以否定前缀un,in,im,il,ir,non,dis,mis等为主,使单词延伸出来的派生词变成其反义词。
例如:injustice(不公平的),unhappy(不高兴的),impossible(不可能的)等。
(1)名词派生词balance(平衡)→imbalance(不平衡);pleasure(高兴)→displeasure(不高兴);management(管理)→mismanagement(管理不善);efficiency(功效)→inefficiency(无效率)等。