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基于BIM技术的土建算量与传统算量对比分析研究摘要随着建筑业智能化信息化的发展，我国政府近年来大力地推动BIM技术在建筑工程中的应用，出现一批先锋性企业实现应用BIM技术进行工程咨询管理的成功案例，这对于传统建筑业的运行模式带来了影响。
工程造价管理工作一直以来以独立的专业分项存在于整个建筑生命周期中，识图算量套价作为它的工作流程，在遇到工程变更时则需重头运行一遍整个工作流程，因此显得比较死板。
BIM技术拥有着信息共享、实时反馈的功能，对于传统的算量模式能减少大量的反复操作，打破了各阶段数据的共享连接障碍，成为了工程造价管理转型升级的契机。
为更深入探讨BIM技术如何实现工程算量，研究基于BIM技术的工程算量模式是否可行，本文致力于研究在土建项目中，应用BIM技术和传统算量方式进行工程量计算之间所存在的差异，从各方面进行充分地比较，分析两者之间的优缺点，找出可推动BIM技术在工程造价管理中发展的优化建议，为我国造价行业人员提供更高效的算量方法作为参考，对工程造价管理更科学的发展具有重要的意义。
关键词：BIM技术算量；传统算量；对比；建筑工程AbstractWith the development of intelligent and information-based construction industry, China's government has vigorously promoted the application of BIM technology in construction engineering in recent years, and a number of pioneering enterprises have successfully implemented the application of BIM technology in engineering consulting management, which has affected the operation mode of traditional construction industry. Project cost management has always existed in the whole building life cycle with independent professional sub-items. Map recognition, calculation, set price as its workflow, it needs to re-run the whole workflow in case of project changes. Therefore, it is relatively rigid. BIM technology has the function of information sharing and real-time feedback, which can reduce a large number of repeated operations for the traditional calculation mode, break the barrier of data sharing and connection at all stages, and become an opportunity for the transformation and upgrading of project cost management.For more in-depth discussion BIM technology is how to implement the project quantity, research project based on BIM technology whether it is feasible to calculate the amount model, this paper devotes to the research on civil engineering projects, the application of BIM technology and traditional way to calculate the amount of quantities calculation of differences between fully compared from various aspects, analysis the advantages and disadvantages between the two, find out to promote the development of BIM technology inengineering cost management optimization proposal, for our country construction cost personnel to provide a more efficient method to calculate the amount for reference, the engineering cost management more scientific development has the vital significance.Keywords: BIM technical calculation; Traditional calculation amount; comparison; Construction engineering目录第一章诸论 (3)1.1研究背景及意义 (3)1.2国内外研究现状 (4)1.3研究目的 (5)1.4研究的方法 (5)1.5研究的内容及结构框架 (5)第二章相关理论研究 (7)2.1传统算量模式 (7)2.2基于BIM技术的算量模式 (7)本章小结 (7)第三章基于BIM技术的算量与传统算量的土建项目研究与对比 (8)3.1工程概况 (8)3.2计算流程介绍 (8)3.3数据处理 (9)3.4结果分析 (10)本章小结 (11)第四章基于BIM技术算量的特点总结及建议 (12)4.1基于BIM技术算量的特点总结 (12)4.2优化建议 (12)第五章结论与展望 (14)4.1结论 (14)4.2展望 (14)参考文献 (16)致谢............................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。
1010101003001挖基础土方 1.土壤类别：三类土2.挖土平均厚度：1.05m3.弃土运距：100mm³362.842010103001001土（石）方回填 m³ 283.553010304001001空心砖墙、砌块墙1.墙体类型：填充墙2.墙体厚度：200mm3.空心砖、砌块品种、规格、强度等级：加气混凝土砌块4.砂浆强度等级、配合比：M5混合砂浆m³ 143.74010401002001独立基础1.垫层材料种类、厚度：C10混凝土100mm 厚2.混凝土强度等级：C253.混凝土拌合料要求：碎石粒径40mm m³ 75.435010402001001现浇矩形柱柱周长1.6m以上混凝土强度等级C30m³ 31.416010402001002现浇矩形柱1.柱截面尺寸：240mm*240mm2.混凝土强度等级:C203.含构造柱、梯柱、梁柱m³ 0.95表2 分部分项工程量清单计价表序号项目编码工程名称：某变电所项目名称项目特征计量单位工程数量7010403001001现浇基础梁1.混凝土强度等级：C25m³22.578010403002001现浇矩形梁1.混凝土强度等级：C25m³ 4.429010403005001现浇过梁1.混凝土强度等级：C20m³ 9.9510010405001001现浇有梁板1.混凝土强度等级：C25m³ 105.311010406001001现浇直行楼梯1.混凝土强度等级：C25㎡ 11.9912010407002001现浇散水、坡道1.混凝土强度等级：C15㎡ 4.9413010407002002现浇散水、坡道㎡ 132.0614010407001001现浇其他构件1.构件的类型：台阶2.混凝土强度等级：C15m³ 0.4115010407001002现浇其他构件1.构件的类型：压顶2.混凝土强度等级：C20m³ 4.3516010414002001预制其他构件1.构件的类型：零星构件2.混凝土强度等级：C20m³ 0.3217010417002001预埋铁件t 2.41618010416001001现浇混凝土钢筋钢筋种类、规格：Φ6，Φ8，Φ10，Φ16，Φ18，Φ20t31.47819010416002001预制混凝土钢筋t0.554 20010501004001特种门洞口尺寸：3m*3.6m樘221010501004002特种窗洞口尺寸：3m*1.5m*2樘，3m*0.9m*2樘樘422010606008001钢梯1.钢梯形式：踏步式2.油漆品种、刷油遍数：调和漆两遍t0.55723010703004001变形缝1.变形缝部位：散水缝2.嵌缝材料种类：沥青砂浆m106.4924010702001001屋面卷材防水1.卷材品种、规格：OEP卷材2.防水层做法：聚氨酯防水涂膜3.嵌缝材料种类：沥青胶泥4.防护材料种类：水泥砂浆㎡ 332.2525010702003001屋面刚性防水 1.水泥砂浆20mm厚㎡ 8.1 26010702004001屋面排水管 1.排水管：100PVC m4027010803001001保温隔热屋面1.现浇水泥珍珠岩2.80mm厚珍珠岩㎡ 332.2528020108003001水泥砂浆台阶面1.3:7灰土垫层2.水泥砂浆台阶面㎡ 3.329020101001001水泥砂浆楼地面1.混凝土垫层2.水泥砂浆地面㎡ 556.5130020102002001块料楼地面1.混凝土垫层2.水泥砂浆地面㎡ 277.8231020105001001水泥砂浆踢脚线1.水泥砂浆踢脚150mm高㎡ 11.2532020105003001块料踢脚线 1.面砖踢脚150mm高㎡ 22.95 33020106002001块料楼梯面层 1.面砖楼梯面层㎡ 15.9534020107002001硬木扶手带栏杆、栏板1.扶手材料种类、规格、品牌、颜色：不锈钢栏杆m 6.0635020201001001墙面一般抹灰 1.水泥砂浆墙面㎡ 653.5 36020201001002墙面一般抹灰 1.混合砂浆墙面㎡ 1633.26 37020204003001块料墙面 1.面砖墙面㎡ 31.86 38020206003001块料零星项目 1.水池面镶贴面砖㎡ 5.94 39020209001001隔断 1.卫生间隔断㎡ 7.840020401001001镶板木门1.一般木门：1000mm*2100mm樘641020401006001木质防火门 1.木质防火门樘542020403003001防火钢门樘1 43020406002001金属平开窗 1.塑钢窗樘28 44020506001001抹灰面油漆 1.抹灰面涂刷106涂料㎡ 330.29合计综合单价合价63.7523131.05[3+2*0.3+(3+2*0.3+2*1.7*0.33) ]*1.7*0.5*3*10=212.1[2.2+2*0.3+2.2+2*0.3+2*1.7*0. 33]*1.7*0.5**2.2*12=150.74合计：362.8452.614914.73362.84-0.1*3.2*3.2*10+0.1*2.4*2.4*12 +3*3*0.3*10+1.7*1.7*0.3*10+0. 4*0.4*1.1*10+2.2*2.2*0.3*12+1 .2*1.2*0.3*12+0.4*0.4*1.1*1.2 =283.55276.1239678.44一层：[（18.8+5.5）*（4-0.45+0.05）+（63.4+31.7）*（3.3-0.45+0.05）+7.72*（3.3-0.45+0.05）]*0.2=77.13二层：(63.4+35.9)*(8-3.3-0.45)*0.2=84.41女儿墙：（20.1*0.5+70*0.6+8.4*0.5）*0.2=11.25门窗洞口：145.46*0.2=29.09墙体体积总计：77.13+84.41+11.25-29.09=143.70318.2824007.860.1*2.4*2.4*12+（2.2*2.2*0.3+1.2*1.2*0.3）*12+0.1*3.2*3.2*10+（3*3*0.3+1.7*1.7*0.3）*10=75.43290.399121.150.4*0.4*9.4*19+0.4*0.4*5.9*3= 31.41301.45286.38GZ：0.24*0.24*4.1*2=0.47TZ：0.25*0.25*（1.785+0.03）*2=0.23TL：0.2*0.3*（1+0.05）*4=0.25合计：0.47+0.23+0.25=0.95量清单计价表计算式金额/元257.755817.421:0.3*0.45*4*3+0.3*0.45*4.5*1 8=12.56JL-2:0.3*0.55*6*3=2.97JL-3:0.3*0.75*8*2=3.6JL-4:0.3*0.55*4.2=0.69JL-5:0.3*0.4*4.2=0.50JL-6:0.25*0.35*3=0.26JL-7:0.25*0.25*8.2=0.51JL-1a:0.4*0.45*8.2=1.48合计：12.56+2.97+3.6+0.69+0.50+0.26 +0.51+1.48=22.57267.371181.78KL15 0.25*0.4*4.1*2 =0.82 KL5 0.25*0.4*4.1=0.41KL6 0.25*0.75*4.1=0.77KL9 0.25*0.75*3.5=0.66KL14 0.25*0.45*4.1=0.46T1L1 0.25*0.4*4.25*2=0.85 T1L3 0.25*0.4*4.5=0.45合计：4.42309.863083.110.25*0.35*（2+7+2.6+2.3+3+2.8+40.6+23.2 +2+7+7+2.9+2.3+6+3+2）=9.95273.2528773.230.2*0.2*2.75+0.25*0.35*4.3*2+ 0.25*0.3*(3.7+12*4.3)+0.25*0. 35*7+0.25*0.3*8+0.25*0.3*21.2 5+0.25*0.3*63.75+0.2*0.2*8+0. 25*0.3*16+0.25*0.25*8 KL0.25*0.35*8.2+0.25*0.35*4.1+0 .25*0.35*8.2+0.25*0.3*11.7+0. 25*0.3*8.2+0.25*0.65*3.5+0.25 *0.65*15.2+0.25*0.65*7.6+0.25 *0.65*4.1+0.25*0.4*5.6+0.25*0 .35*58.6+0.25*0.35*23.2+0.25* 0.3*5.6+0.25*0.35*17.8+0.25*0 .35*7.6+0.25*0.4*5.55+0.25*0. 4*11.1+0.25*0.3*11.3+0.25*0.6 5*30.4+0.25*0.65*7.6FL 0.25*0.3*12.9楼板 左 7.75*6-0.16*3-3*0.4*0.075+1.8*4 右 2.7*3.5 3.3平面 12.75*(4.5*5+0.25)-0.16*15-4*0.4*0.4-(4.5*4.5-2*0.15*0.15) *2-5.93-4.25*3.5-0.15*0.15 8.0平面(4.5*5+0.25)*(12.5+0.25)-0.8*0.75 0.97层 4.5*2*4.5-4*0.3*0.3-0.4*0.4-0.4*0.3-6*2*0.5771.77860.524.3*（2.24+1.5-0.1）-1.6*2.24-0.2*0.2*2=11.9913.3265.801.9*（0.4*2+18）=4.9439.565224.29S=散水宽度*散水中心线长度=1.5*88.04=132.06310.65127.37门斗外：0.35*3*0.15=0.16值班室外：（1.75+3.85）*0.3*0.15=0.25合计：0.41322.971404.92墙厚200mm 宽300mm 高100mm [22.5*0.22*2+12.5*0.22*2+6*0. 22*2+8.5*0.22+207*0.22*2+3*0. 22]*0.2=4.35427.52136.81 5968.1314419.003750.16118047.543822.812117.842422.334844.66两个M2807.443229.76两个C5 两个C67376.064108.476.52694.3187.4+19.09=106.4997.2132298.0222.5*12.5+8.5*6=332.2510.2182.70 2.7*3=8.145.991839.604*8+2*4=4027.839246.5222.5*12.5+8.5*6=332.25 42.76141.1150.1127886.72190.0652802.4716.73188.2166.881534.9097.221550.66364.162206.8110.616933.6414.5423747.6067.362146.0975.84450.4994.21734.84586.873521.221385.686928.401088.451088.45 724.8820296.64 10.633510.98504412.48。
