2013年马鞍山市高三三模试题
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2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)数学(文科)第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共50分)一、 选择题:本大题共10小题.每小题5分,共50分.在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.【市三模理2】已知复数2(1)(2)i ()z a a a =-+-∈R ,则“1a =”是“z 为纯虚数”的(A )充分不必要条件 (B )必要不充分条件 (C )充分必要条件 (D )既不充分也不必要条件【说明】该高考题考查复数的概念与运算,两题都涉及了纯虚数的概念。
(2)已知A={x|x+1>0},B={-2,-1,0,1},则R A B =I ð ( ) (A ){-2,-1} (B ){-2}(C ){-1,0,1}(D ){0,1}【市二模文2】已知全集U R =, {}2|A x x x =<,{}|210B x x =-≤,则()U A C B 等于( ▲ ) A .1|1x x ⎧⎫≤<⎨⎬ B .1|1x x ⎧⎫-<<⎨⎬ C .1|0x x ⎧⎫<≤⎨⎬ D .1|1x x ⎧⎫<<⎨⎬【市一模理11】运行如图所示的程序框图,若输入4n =,则输出S【说明】本题与高考题考点、难度一致,除了具体的计算式略有不同,两题几乎一样。
(4)“(21)0x x -=”是“0x =”的(A )充分不必要条件 (B )必要不充分条件(C )充分必要条件 (D )既不充分也不必要条件 【市三模文4】“1m =-”是“直线(21)10330mx m y x my +-+=++=和直线垂直”的( ▲ ) A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件(Ⅰ)求全班人数及分数在[)8090,之间的频数; (Ⅱ)不看茎叶图中的具体分数,仅据频率分布直方图估计该班的平均分数;(Ⅲ)若要从分数在[]80100,之间的试卷中任取两 份分析学生失分情况,在抽取的试卷中,求至少有一份分数在[]90100,之间的概率.y x =(2)4x y ++=相交所得弦的长度等于 ▲ .【说明】本题与高考题考点、难度一致,两题几乎一样。
绝密★启用前 2013届安徽省马鞍山高三三模理科 注意事项: 1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I 卷(选择题) 请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、选择题(题型注释) 1.设集合2{|40}A x x =->,{|21}x B x =<,则A B =( ) (A ){|2}x x > (B ){|2}x x <- (C )1{|}2x x < (D ){|22}x x x <->或 2.已知复数2(1)(2)()z a a i a R =-+-∈,则“1a =”是“z 为纯虚数”的( ) (A )充分不必要条件 (B )必要不充分条件 (C )充分必要条件 (D )既不充分也不必要条件 3.已知随机变量X 服从正态分布2(3,)N σ,且(5)0.8P X <=,则(13)P X <<=( )(A )0.6 (B )0.4 (C )0.3 (D )0.2 4.下列函数中,既是偶函数,又在区间(1,2)内是增函数的为( ) (A )22cos sin y x x =- (B )lg ||y x = (C )2x x e e y --= (D )3y x = 5.在极坐标系中,直线2sin(4πρθ-=与圆2cos ρθ=的位置关系是( ) (A )相交 (B )相切 (C )相离 (D )无法确定 6.右图是一个几何体的三视图,其中正视图和侧视图都是一个两底长分别为2和4,腰长为4的等腰梯形,则该几何体的表面积是( ).(A)12π(B)13π(C)15π(D)17π7.已知12,F F是双曲线22221(0,0)x ya ba b-=>>的两焦点,以线段12F F为边作正12MF F△,若边1MF的中点在双曲线上,则双曲线的离心率是()(A)4+(B1(C(D18.从0,8中任取一数,从3,5,7中任取两个数字组成无重复数字的三位数,其中奇数的个数为()(A)24(B)18(C)12(D)69.数列{}na的前n项和为nS,若11a=,*14()n na S n+=∈N,则6a=()(A)445⨯(B)4451⨯+(C)55(D)551+10.已知函数2342013()12342013x x x xf x x=-+-+-⋅⋅⋅-,则下列结论正确的是()(A)()f x在(0,1)上恰有一个零点(B)()f x在(0,1)上恰有两个零点(C)()f x在(1,2)上恰有一个零点(D)()f x在(1,2)上恰有两个零点正(主)视图侧(左)视图俯视图第II卷(非选择题)请点击修改第II卷的文字说明二、填空题(题型注释)11.若21()nxx-展开式中的所有二项式系数和为512,则该展开式中的常数项为.12.设平面区域D是由双曲线2214xy-=的两条渐近线和抛物线28y x=-的准线所围成的三角形(含边界与内部).若点(,)x y D∈,则目标函数z x y=+的最大值为.13.执行下边的程序框图,输出的T=.14.ABC△中,向量AB与BC的夹角为56π,||2AC=,则||AB的取值范围是.15.如图,设A是棱长为a的正方体的一个顶点,过从顶点A出发的三条棱的中点作截面,对正方体的所有顶点都如此操作,截去8个三棱锥,所得的各截面与正方体各面共同围成一个多面体,则关于此多面体有以下结论:①有12个顶点;②有24条棱;③有12个面;④表面积为23a;⑤体积为356a.其中正确的结论是(写出所有正确结论的编号..).三、解答题(题型注释)16.已知函数2()cos cos(0)f x x x xωωωω⋅->的最小正周期为2π.(Ⅰ)求()f x的解析式;A域. 17.(本小题满分12分)甲、乙等6名同学参加某高校的自主招生面试,已知采用抽签的方式随机确定各考生的面试顺序(序号为1,2,,6). (Ⅰ)求甲、乙两考生的面试序号至少有一个为奇数的概率; (Ⅱ)记在甲、乙两考生之间参加面试的考生人数为ξ,求随机变量ξ的分布列与期望. 18.如图,在四棱锥E ABCD -中,AB ⊥平面BCE ,DC ⊥平面BCE ,22AB BC CE CD ====,23BCE π∠=.(Ⅰ)求证:平面ADE ⊥平面ABE ;(Ⅱ)求二面角A EB D --的大小.19.数列{}n a 满足13a =,125n n a a n ++=+.(Ⅰ)求2a 、3a 、4a ; (Ⅱ)求n a 的表达式;(Ⅲ)令12233445212221n n n n n T a a a a a a a a a a a a -+=-+-++-,求n T .20.(本小题满分13分)已知函数2()(21)ln f x x a x a x =-++.(Ⅰ)当1a =时,求函数()f x 的单调增区间;(Ⅱ)求函数()f x 在区间[1,]e 上的最小值.21.已知,A B 分别是椭圆2222:1(0)x y C a b a b +=>>的左、右顶点,点3(1,2D 在椭圆C 上,且直线DA 与直线DB 的斜率之积为24b -.(Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的方程;(Ⅱ)如图,已知,P Q 是椭圆C 上不同于顶点的两点,直线AP 与QB 交于点M ,直线PB 与AQ 交于点N .① 求证:MN AB ⊥;② 若弦PQ 过椭圆的右焦点2F ,求直线MN的方程.A BC DE B3(1,)2D参考答案1.B【解析】试题分析:{|2A x x =>或2x <-,{|0}B x x =<,所以{|2}A B x x =<-.考点:集合运算、解不等式.2.A【解析】试题分析:1a =⇒z 为纯虚数,z 为纯虚数1a ⇒=±,所以“1a =”是“z 为纯虚数”的充分不必要条件.考点:复数的概念、充要条件.3.C【解析】试题分析:3X Y σ-=,则Y 服从正态分布(0,1)N ,2(5)()0.8P X P Y σ<=<=,212(13)(0)[1()]0.32P X P Y P Y σσ<<=-<<=--<=. 考点:正态分布.4.B【解析】试题分析:函数是偶函数,所以可以排除C 和D ;在(1,2)内是增函数,所以可以排除A ; 很明显,B 中的函数既是偶函数,又在区间(1,2)内是增函数.考点:函数的奇偶性与单调性.5.C【解析】试题分析:直线方程为1y x -=,圆的方程为2220x y x +-=,圆心为(1,0),半径为1r =,圆心到直线的距离为d r ==,所以直线与圆相离.考点:极坐标方程、直线与圆的位置关系.6.D【解析】试题分析:从三视图可以看出:几何体是一个圆台,上底面是一个直径为4的圆,下底面是一个直径为2的圆,侧棱长为4.上底面积14S π=,下底面积2S π=,侧面是一个扇环形,面积为31(42)4122S πππ=+⋅=,所以表面积为12341217S S S ππππ++=++=. 考点:空间几何体的三视图、表面积的计算.7.D【解析】试题分析:因线段1MF 的中点P 在双曲线上,故P 点与2F 的连线垂直于1MF ,又因为123PF F π∠=,所以在12Rt PF F ∆中,12,PF c PF ==根据双曲线的定义212PF PF a -=,21c c a e a-=∴==. 考点:双曲线的性质.8.B【解析】试题分析:分两种情况讨论:选8:11232212C C A ⋅⋅=;选0:11326C C ⋅=. 所以奇数的个数是12618+=.考点:排列组合.9.A【解析】试题分析:111445n n n n n n n a S S S S S S +++=⇒-=⇒=,{}n S ∴是以1为首项,5为公比的等比数列,15n n S -∴=,5446655545a S S ∴=-=-=⋅.考点:递推数列通项公式的求法.10.C【解析】试题分析:当(1,2)x ∈,20132342012(1)()10,1x f x x x x x xx-+'=-+-+-+⋅⋅⋅-=<+ 故函数在区间(1,2)上单调递减, 又20131111(1)110,2342013f =-+-+-⋅⋅⋅->23420132222(2)120,2342013f =-+-+-⋅⋅⋅-< 故()f x 在(1,2)上恰有一个零点,答案为C. 考点:导数的应用、函数零点.11.84【解析】试题分析:所有二项式系数和为512,所以9n =,设展开式的通项为1r T +,则1821831991()(1)rr r r r r r T C x C x x--+=⋅⋅-=-⋅,对于常数项18306r r -=⇒=,所以常数项为6679(1)84T C =-=.考点:二项式定理.12.3【解析】试题分析:约束条件为2020,2x y x y x -≥⎧⎪+≥⎨⎪≤⎩画出可行域,z x y =+的最大值在点(2,1)处取得最大值为3..考点:双曲线和抛物线的基础知识、线性规划.13.30【解析】试题分析:列表分析如下:步数S n T T S > 0 0 0 0否 1 5 2 2否 2 10 4 6否 3 15 6 12否 4 20 8 20否 5 25 10 30是 所以输出的30T =.考点:程序框图.14.(0,4]【解析】 试题分析:2252cos AC AB BC AB BC AB BC π=+=++, 2234AB BC AB BC ∴+-=,把BC 看做未知数,得到一个一元二次方程:223(4)0BC AB BC AB -+-=,这个方程的判别式222)4(4)160AB AB AB ∆=--=-≥,得到44AB -≤≤,根据实际意义,04AB <≤.考点:向量的计算、一元二次方程.15.①②⑤【解析】试题分析:根据几何体的特点可知,有12个顶点,24条棱,16个面,所以①、②都对,③错; 表面积为221685,222a a a a -⨯⨯⨯=故④错;其体积为331158.322226a a a a a -⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯=故⑤成立.考点:几何体的体积和表面积.16.(Ⅰ)1()sin(4)62f x x π=--;(Ⅱ)()f x 的值域为1[1,]2-. 【解析】试题分析:(Ⅰ)先化简()f x ,根据周期,即可确定ω,即得到()f x 的解析式;(Ⅱ)根据余弦定理,可以求出(0,]3x π∈,然后根据三角函数的图像和性质,可以求出()f x 的值域. 试题解析:(Ⅰ)111()2cos 2sin(2)2262f x x x x πωωω=--=--, 4分 由题,222T ππω==及0ω>,得:2ω=, 所以1()sin(4)62f x x π=--. 6分 (Ⅱ)由22221cos 222a c b ac ac x ac ac +--=≥=,知:(0,]3x π∈,9分 从而74(,]666x πππ-∈-,所以函数()f x 的值域为1[1,]2-. 12分. 考点:三角函数、解三角形、基本不等式.17.(Ⅰ)45;(Ⅱ)分布列是: ξ0 1 2 3 4 P 13415 15 215 115 43E ξ=. 【解析】试题分析:(Ⅰ)用组合计算基本事件数,由等可能性事件的概率计算公式即可求解;(Ⅱ)利用组合也可以求出随机变量ξ的分布列,然后根据期望的定义求出E ξ.(Ⅰ)只考虑甲、乙两考生的相对位置,用组合计算基本事件数;设A 表示“甲、乙的面试序号至少有一个为奇数”,则A 表示“甲、乙的序号均为偶数”,由等可能性事件的概率计算公式得: 2434664()1()15A A P A P A A =-=-= 甲、乙两考生的面试序号至少有一个为奇数的概率是45. 6分 (另解2411434334666624()5A A A A A P A A A =+=) (Ⅱ)随机变量X 的所有可能取值是0,1,2,3,4, 且2651(0)3P C ξ===,2644(1)15P C ξ===,2631(2)5P C ξ===,2622(3)15P C ξ===,2611(4)15P C ξ=== [另解:2525661(0)3A A P A ξ===,214244664(1)15A A A P A ξ===,223243661(2)5A A A P A ξ===, 232242662(3)15A A A P A ξ===2424661(3)15A A P A ξ=== 10分 所以随机变量ξ的分布列是:ξ0 1 2 3 4P13415 15215 115所以14121401234315515153E ξ=⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯= , 即甲、乙两考生之间的面试考生个数X 的期望值是43. 12分. 考点:概率知识,分布列和期望的求法. 18.(Ⅰ)详见解析;(Ⅱ)45【解析】试题分析:(Ⅰ)根据两个平面垂直的条件,在平面ADE 内找到一条垂直于平面ABE 的直线即可,取AE 的中点F ,可证明FD ⊥平面ABE ;(Ⅱ) 二面角A EB D --与二面角F EB D --相等,二面角F EB D --的平面角为FOD ∠,求出FOD ∠即可.(解法2采用的是向量的方法,求出平面ADE 、ABE 的法向量,即可证明平面ADE ⊥平面ABE ;求出平面BDE 、ABE 的法向量,即可求出二面角A EB D --.)(Ⅰ)证明:取BE 的中点O ,AE 的中点F ,连OC ,OF ,DF ,则2//OF BAAB ⊥平面BCE ,CD ⊥平面BCE ,∴2//CD BA ,//OF CD ∴ OFDC ∴是平行四边形,//OC FD ∴. BC CE =,OC BE ∴⊥,又AB ⊥平面BCE . OC ∴⊥平面ABE .FD ∴⊥平面ABE .从而平面ABE ⊥平面ABE . 6分 (Ⅱ)二面角A EB D --与二面角F EB D --相等, 由(Ⅰ)知二面角F EB D --的平面角为FOD ∠.2BC CE ==,120BCE ∠=,OC BE ∴⊥得BO OE ==1OC =,ABCEFDOOFDC ∴为正方形,45FOD ∴∠=,∴二面角A EB D --的大小为45. 12分 解法2:取BE 的中点O ,连OC .BC CE =,OC BE ∴⊥,又AB ⊥平面BCE .以O 为原点建立如图空间直角坐标系O xyz -,则由已知条件有: ()A ,()B ,()1,0,0,C ()1,0,1,D ()0,,E 设平面ADE 的法向量为()111,,n x y z =,则由()()11111,,20.n EA x y z z ⋅=⋅=+= 及()()111111,,0.n EA x y z x z ⋅=⋅-=-+= 可取(0,1,n =又AB ⊥平面BCE ,AB OC ∴⊥,OC ⊥平面ABE , ∴平面ABE 的法向量可取为()1,0,0m =.(()0,1,1,0,00n m ⋅=⋅=, ∴n m ⊥,∴平面ADE ⊥平面ABE . 6分(Ⅱ)设平面BDE 的法向量为()222,,p x y z =, 则由()()222222,,0.p ED x y z x z ⋅=⋅=+= 及()()2222,,0.p EB x y z ⋅=⋅== 可取()1,0,1p =-∵平面ABE 的法向量可取为()1,0,0m =, ∴锐二面角A EB D --的余弦值为||2||||m p m p ⋅=⋅, ∴二面角A EB D --的大小为45. 12分. 考点:空间位置关系、二面角、平面向量. 19.(Ⅰ)24a =、35a =、46a =; (Ⅱ)*2()n a n n N =+∈ (Ⅲ)n T =226n n --【解析】 试题分析:(Ⅰ)由递推公式即可求出2a 、3a 、4a ;(Ⅱ)方法一:猜想出通项公式,然后用数学归纳法证明;方法二:由递推公式可以构造等比数列,借助等比数列可以求出通项公式;方法二:由递推公式可以构造等差数列,借助等差数列可以求出通项公式;. (Ⅰ)由递推公式:24a =、35a =、46a =; 3分 (Ⅱ)方法一:猜想:2n a n =+,下面用数学归纳法证明: ① 13a =,猜想成立;② 假设*()n k k N =∈时,2k a k =+,则125(2)25(1)2k k a a k k k k +=-++=-+++=++,即1n k =+时猜想成立, 综合①②,由数学归纳法原理知:*2()n a n n N =+∈. 8分方法二:由125n n a a n ++=+得111[(1)2][(2)][(1)2](1)[(12)]0n n n n a n a n a n a +--++=--+=--+==--+=,所以:*2()n a n n N =+∈.8分方法三:由125n n a a n ++=+得:2127n n a a n +++=+,两式作差得:22n n a a +-=, 于是135,,,a a a 是首项13a =,公差为2的等差数列,那么*2121()k a k k N -=+∈, 且246,,,a a a 是首项24a =,公差为2的等差数列,那么*222()k a k k N =+∈,综上可知:*2()n a n n N =+∈.8分(Ⅲ)12233445212221n n n n n T a a a a a a a a a a a a -+=-+-++-21343522121()()()n n n a a a a a a a a a -+=-+-++-2422()n a a a =-+++10分22()22n n a a +=-⋅2(422)26n n n n =-++=--. 12分. 考点:归纳推理、数学归纳法、数列求和.20.(Ⅰ)1(0,)2和(1,)+∞;(Ⅱ)min 221[()](ln 1)1(21)a a f x a a a a e e a e a a e -≤⎧⎪=--<<⎨⎪-++≥⎩【解析】试题分析:(Ⅰ)利用导数,列表分析即可确定()f x 的单调增区间;(Ⅱ)()0f x x a '=⇒=或12x =,所以分成1a ≤、1a e <<、a e ≥三种情况,利用导数,列表分析每一种情况下()f x 的最小值即可.试题解析:(Ⅰ)当1a =时,2()3ln f x x x a x =-+,定义域为(0,)+∞. 21231(21)(1)()23x x x x f x x x x x-+--'=-+==. 令()0f x '=,得1x =或12x =. 3分 列表如下x1(0,)21(,1)2(1,)+∞()f x ' + - + ()f x↗↘↗所以函数()f x 的单调增区间为1(0,)2和(1,)+∞. 6分 (Ⅱ)22(21)(21)()()2(21)a x a x a x x a f x x a x x x-++--'=-++==. 令()0f x '=,得x a =或12x =. ^ 7分 当1a ≤时,不论12a <还是112a <≤,在区间[1,]e 上,()f x 均为增函数。
安徽马鞍山市2013届高三第一次教学质量检测理科数学试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,第Ⅰ卷第1至第2页,第Ⅱ卷第3至第4页.全卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟. 考生注意事项:1.答题前,务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号,并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致. 务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号(四位数字).2.答第Ⅰ卷时,每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号.3.答第Ⅱ卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上....书写,要求字体工整、笔迹清晰.作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡...规定的位置绘出,确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚.必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效.............,在试题卷....、草稿纸上答题无效......... 4.考试结束,务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交.第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共50分)一、选择题:本大题共10个小题,每小题5分,共50分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的,请在答题卡相应位置将正确结论的代号用2B 铅笔涂黑.(1)已知集合{}2|20A x x x =->,{}|1B x x =>,R 为实数集,则()R B A =ðA.[]0,1 B.(]0,1 C.(],0-∞ D.以上都不对 【答案】B.【命题意图】本题考查不等式的解法和集合的运算,容易题. (2)复数12ii -(为虚数单位)的虚部是 A.15 B.15- C.15i D.15i - 【答案】A.【命题意图】本题考查复数的概念及运算,容易题.(3)已知平面上不共线的四点,,,O A B C ,若430OA OB OC -+=,则AB BC ||=||A.3B.4C.5D.6 【答案】A.【命题意图】本题考查向量的运算,容易题.(4)设{}n a 是等差数列,n S 是其前n 项的和,且56S S <,678S S S =>,则下列结论错误..的是A.0d <B.70a =C.95S S >D.6S 和7S 均为n S 的最大值【答案】C.【命题意图】本题考查等差数列的基本运算与性质,容易题.(5)在平面直角坐标系中,若不等式组101010x y x ax y +-≥⎧⎪-≤⎨⎪-+≥⎩(a 为常数)所表示的平面区域的面积等于2,则a 的值为A.-5B.1C.2D.3【答案】D.【命题意图】本题考查二元一次不等式(组)表示的平面区域、直线的斜率、三角形面积公式等基础知识,考查数形结合思想,容易题.(6)设函数()f x 在定义域内可导,()y f x =的图象如下左图所示,则导函数()y f x '=的图象可能是【答案】A.【命题意图】本题考查导数的概念与几何意义,中等题.(722221x y a b-=恒有两个公共点,则双曲线离心率的取值范围是A.[)2,+∞B.)+∞C.(1D.(2,)+∞【答案】D.【命题意图】本题考查双曲线的性质,中等题.(8)已知一个棱长为2的正方体,被一个平面截后所得几何体的三视图如图所示,则该几何体的体积是A.8B.203C.173 D.143【答案】C.【命题意图】本题考查三视图的概念与几何体体积的计算,考查空间想象能力,较难题.(9)袋中有大小相同的4个红球和6个白球,随机从袋中取个球,取后不放回,那么恰好在第5次取完红球的概率是A.1210 B.2105 C.221 D.821【答案】B.【命题意图】本题考查排列组合、古典概型等基础知识,考查分析问题解决问题的能力,较难题.(10)已知函数()f x 是以2为周期的偶函数,当[1,0]x ∈-时,()f x x =-.若关于x 的方程()1f x kx k =-+(1k R k ∈≠且)在区间[3,1]-内有四个不同的实根,则k 的取值范围是A.(0,1)B.1(0,)2C.1(0,)3D.1(0,)4【答案】C.【命题意图】本题考查函数的性质与图象,考查数形结合能力,较难题.第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共100分)二、填空题:本大题共5个小题,每小题5分,共25分.请在答题卡上答题. (11)运行如图所示的程序框图,若输入4n =,则输出S 的值为 .【答案】11.【命题意图】本题考查程序框图,容易题.(12)已知总体的各个个体的值由小到大依次为3,7,,,12,20a b ,且总体的中位数为12,若要使该总体的标准差最小,则a= .【答案】12.【命题意图】本题考查统计知识,重要不等式,容易题. 说明:本题数据给的不科学,改为3,7,,,15,20a b 较好(13)已知2(n x -的展开式中第三项与第五项的系数之比为314,则展开式中常数项是______.【答案】45.【命题意图】本题考查二项式定理,考查运算能力,中等题.(141ny +=(,m n 是实数)与圆221x y +=相交于,A B 两点,且AOB ∆(O 是坐标原点)是直角三角形,则点(,)P m n 与点(0,1)Q 之间距离的最小值1..(15)函数π()3sin(2)3f x x =-的图象为C ,如下结论中正确的是(写出所有正确结论的编号). ①图象C 关于直线11π12x =对称; ②图象C 的所有对称中心都可以表示为(0)()6k k Z ππ+∈,;③函数()f x 在区间π5π1212⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭,内是增函数; ④由3cos 2y x =-的图象向左平移12π个单位长度可以得到图象C . ⑤函数()f x 在[0,]2π上的最小值是3-.【答案】①③④.【命题意图】本题考查三角函数的图象与性质,较难题.三、解答题:本大题共6个小题,满分75分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.(16)(本题满分12分) 在ABC ∆中,,,a b c 分别是角,,A B C 的对边,2C A =,3cos 4A =. (Ⅰ)求cos ,cos B C 的值; (Ⅱ)若272BA BC ⋅=,求边AC 的长. (16)【命题意图】本题考查两角和与差的三角函数、平面向量的数量积定义、正弦定理、余弦定理等基础知识,考查逻辑推理和运算求解能力,简单题.解:(Ⅰ)∵2C A =,3cos 4A =,∴2231cos cos 22cos 12()148C A A ==-=⨯-=.∴sin C =,sin A =,∴c o s c o s ()s i n s i nc o s B A C A C A C=-+=-=319484816-⨯=.……6分 (Ⅱ)∵927cos 162BA BC ca B ac ⋅===,∴24ac =;又由正弦定理sin sin a cA C=,得32c a =,解得4a =,6c =,∴2222cos 25b a c ac B =+-=,5b =,即边AC 的长为5.…………12分(17)(本题满分12分)一厂家向用户提供的一箱产品共12件,其中有2件次品,用户先对产品进行抽检以决定是否接收.抽检规则是这样的:一次取一件产品检查(取出的产品不放回箱子),若前三次没有抽查到次品,则用户接收这箱产品;若前三次中一抽查到次品就立即停止抽检,并且用户拒绝接收这箱产品.(Ⅰ)求这箱产品被用户接收的概率;(Ⅱ)记抽检的产品件数为X ,求随机变量X 的分布列和数学期望. (17)【命题意图】本题考查概率知识,分布列和期望的求法,考查学生应用知识解决问题的能力,中等题.解:(Ⅰ)设“这箱产品被用户接收”为事件A ,则8767()109815P A ⨯⨯==⨯⨯.即这箱产品被用户接收的概率为715.………………4分 (Ⅱ)X 的可能取值为1,2,3. ……5分 ∵()211105P X ===,()828210945P X ==⨯=, ()8728310945P X ==⨯=, ……8分∴X……………10分∴1828109()1235454545E X =⨯+⨯+⨯=. ………………(12分)(18)(本题满分12分)在如图的多面体中,EF ⊥平面AEB ,AE EB ⊥,AD EF //,EF BC //,24BC AD ==,3EF =,2AE BE ==,G 是BC 的中点.(Ⅰ) 求证:AB //平面DEG ; (Ⅱ) 求证:BD EG ⊥;(Ⅲ) 求二面角C DF E --的余弦值.(18)【命题意图】本题考查线面位置关系、二面角等有关知识,考查空间想象能力,中等题.解:(Ⅰ)证明:∵//,//AD EF EF BC ,∴//AD BC ; 又∵2BC AD =,G 是BC 的中点,∴AD BG //,且AD BG =,∴四边形ADGB 是平行四边形, ∴ //AB DG . ∵AB ⊄平面DEG ,DG ⊂平面DEG ,∴//AB 平面DEG . …………4分(Ⅱ) 解法1:证明:∵EF ⊥平面AEB ,AE ⊂平面AEB ,∴EF AE ⊥;又,A E E B E BE F E ⊥=,,EB EF ⊂平面B C F E ,∴AE ⊥平面BCFE . 过D 作//DH AE 交EF 于H ,则DH ⊥平面BCFE . ∵EG ⊂平面BCFE , ∴DH EG ⊥.∵//,//AD EF DH AE ,∴四边形AEHD 平行四边形,∴2EH AD ==,∴2E H B G ==,又//,E H B G E H B E ⊥,∴四边形BGHE 为正方形, ∴BH EG ⊥,又,B HD H H B H =⊂平面BHD ,DH ⊂平面BHD ,∴EG ⊥平面BHD . ∵BD ⊂平面BHD ,∴BD EG ⊥. ………………8分解法2:∵EF ⊥平面AEB ,AE ⊂平面AEB ,BE ⊂平面AEB ,∴E F A E ⊥,EF BE ⊥,又AE EB ⊥,∴,,EB EF EA 两两垂直. 以点E 为坐标原点,,,EB EF EA 分别为,,x y z 轴建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系. 由已知得,(0,0,2)A ,(2,0,0)B ,(2,4,0)C ,(0,3,0)F ,(0,2,2)D ,(2,2,0)G ;∴(2,2,EG =,(2,2,2)BD =-,∴2222B D E G ⋅=-⨯+⨯=,∴BD EG ⊥.………8分(Ⅲ)由已知得(2,0,0)EB =是平面E F D A 的法向量. 设平面D C F 的法向量为(,,)n x y z =,∵(0,1,2),(2,10)F D F C =-=,∴00FD n FC n ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩,即2020y z x y -+=⎧⎨+=⎩,令1z =,得(1,2,1)n =-.设二面角C DF E --的大小为θ,由法向量n 与EB 的方向可知,,n EB θ=<>,∴cos cos ,6n EB θ=<>==-,即二面角C DF E --的余弦值为6-.………12分(19)(本题满分12分)已知数列{}n a 满足11121,(*)2n nn nn a a a n N a ++==∈+. (Ⅰ)证明数列2n n a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭是等差数列;(Ⅱ)求数列{}n a 的通项公式;(Ⅲ)设(1)n n b n n a =+,求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n S .(19)【命题意图】本题考查等差数列与等比数列的概念与通项公式、数列求和等基础知识知识,考查运算求解能力、推理论证能力,中等题.解:(Ⅰ)由已知可得1122n n n nn a a a ++=+,所以11221n n n n a a ++=+,即11221n nn na a ++-=,∴数列2n n a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭是公差为1的等差数列.………4分 (Ⅱ)由(1)可得122(1)11n n n n a a =+-⨯=+,∴21n n a n =+.………7分 (Ⅲ)由(2)知,2n n b n =⋅,所以231222322n n S n =⋅+⋅+⋅++⋅,234121222322n n S n +=⋅+⋅+⋅++⋅,相减得23122222n n n S n +-=++++-⋅ 11222n n n ++=--⋅,∴1(1)22n n S n +=-⋅+.………12分(20)(本题满分13分)已知椭圆E :22221x y a b+=(0a b >>)过点(3, 1)P ,其左、右焦点分别为12, F F ,且126F P F P ⋅=-.(Ⅰ)求椭圆E 的方程;(Ⅱ)若,M N 是直线5x =上的两个动点,且12F M F N ⊥,则以MN 为直径的圆C 是否过定点?请说明理由.(20)【命题意图】本题考查圆与椭圆的方程等相关知识,考查运算求解能力以及分析问题、解决问题的能力,较难题.解:(Ⅰ)设点12,F F 的坐标分别为(,0),(,0)(0)c c c ->,则12(3,1),(3,1)F P c F P c =+=-,故212(3)(3)1106FP F P c c c ⋅=+-+=-=-,可得4c =,………………2分所以122||||a PF PF =+==a =,…………………4分∴22218162b a c =-=-=,所以椭圆E 的方程为221182x y +=. …………………………6分(Ⅱ)设,M N 的坐标分别为(5,),(5,)m n ,则1(9,)FM m =,2(1,)F N n =. 由12FM F N ⊥,可得1290FM F N mn ⋅=+=,即9mn =-, …………………8分 又圆C 的圆心为(5,),2m n +半径为||2m n -,故圆C 的方程为222||(5)()()22m n m n x y +--+-=,即22(5)()0x y m n y mn -+-++=,也就是22(5)()90x y m n y -+-+-=,令0y =,可得8x =或2,故圆C 必过定点(8,0)和(2,0). ……………………13分(21)(本题满分14分)设函数21()ln 2f x c x x bx =++(),,0R c c b ∈≠,且1x =为()f x 的极值点.(Ⅰ) 若1x =为()f x 的极大值点,求()f x 的单调区间(用c 表示); (Ⅱ) 若()0f x =恰有两解,求实数c 的取值范围.(21)【命题意图】本题考查导数的应用,分类讨论思想,考查运算求解能力、逻辑思维能力和分析问题解决问题的能力,较难题.解:2'()c x b x c f x x b x x++=++=,又'(1)0f =,则10b c ++=,所以(1)()'()x x c f x x--=且1c ≠, …………3分(Ⅰ)因为1x =为()f x 的极大值点,所以1c >. 令'()0f x >,得01x <<或x c >;令'()0f x <,得1x c <<. 所以()f x 的递增区间为(0,1),(,)c +∞;递减区间为(1,)c .…………6分(Ⅱ)①若0c <,则()f x 在(0,1)上递减,在(1,)+∞上递增. 若()0f x =恰有两解,则(1)0f <,即102b +<,所以102c -<<. ②若01c <<,则21()()l n 2f xf c c cc b c ==++极大值,1()(1)2f x f b ==+极小值. 因为1b c=--,则22()ln (1)ln 022c c f x c c c c c c c =++--=--<极大值,1()2f x c =--极小值,从而()0f x =只有一解;③若1c >,则1()02f x c =--<极大值,从而22()ln (1)ln 022c c f x c c c c c c c =++--=--<极小值,则()0f x =只有一解.综上,使()0f x =恰有两解的c 的范围为102c -<<.…………14分。
2013年马鞍山市高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测高三文科数学试题【答案】C【命题意图】本题考查不等式的解法、集合的运算等基础知识,考查基本的运算求解能力,简单题. (3) “2=ω”是“函数)sin(ϕω+=x y 的最小正周期为π”的( )A .充分非必要条件B .必要非充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件 【答案】A【命题意图】本题考查简易逻辑与三角函数的性质,简单题. (4)已知正方形ABCD 的三个顶点A (1,1),B (1,3),C (3,3),点P (x,y )在正方形ABCD 的内部,则z x y =-+的取值范围是A .(2,2)-B .(1,1)-C .(2,1)-D .(0,2) 【答案】A【命题意图】本题考查线性规划、用二元一次不等式组表示平面区域及数形结合思想,简单题.. (5)平面上有两点(0,1)A ,(1,3)B -.向量a 满足||1a = ,且a 与AB 方向相同,则a =(7)执行如图所示的程序框图,若输出的值为15,则输入的n 值可能为第II 卷(非选择题,共100分)二、填空题:本大题共5个小题,每小题5分,共25分.请在答题卡上答题. (11)若直线20ax y -+=与圆221x y +=相切,则实数a 的值为 .1【答案】12a b ==,提示:24a b +=,总体均值为11,只要222222(11)(11)2()12173a b a b a b a b -+-=+-++=++最小即(15)()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数,且当120,()log (1)x f x x >=+时,设,a b R ∈,给出三个条件:①0,a b <<②0a b <<,③0a b <<.其中可以推出()()f a f b >的条件共有个. 【答案】3【命题意图】本题考查函数性质,图象变换,数形结合,中等题.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共75分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. (16)(本小题满分12分)等差数列{}n a 中,前n 项和为.n S ,且2103,100a S ==. (Ⅰ)求{}n a 通项公式; (Ⅱ)设n b na n 22+=,求数列{}n b 前n 项的和nT .(Ⅱ) 2122n n b n -=+()()()()()32132122122222222212n nn T n n --=+⨯++⨯+++=+++++++正(主)视图 俯视图第14题图第13题图(17)(本小题满分12分)设()sin (sin cos )f x x x x =+. (Ⅰ)求()f x 最大值及相应x 值;(Ⅱ)锐角ABC △中,满足()1f A =,求()sin 2B C +取值范围.【命题意图】本题考查三角恒等变换,三角函数性质,解三角形等.考查逻辑推理和运算求解能力,简单题.(19)(本小题满分13分)某校高三(1)班的一次数学测试成绩的茎叶图和频率分布直方图都受到不同程度的破坏,但可见部分如下,据此解答下列问题:(Ⅰ)求全班人数及分数在[)8090,之间的频数; (Ⅱ)不看茎叶图中的具体分数,仅据频率分布直方图估计该班的平均分数; (Ⅲ)若要从分数在[]80100,之间的试卷中任取两份分析学生失分情况,在抽取的试卷中,求至少有一份分数在[]90100,之间的概率.(Ⅲ)记这6份试卷代号分别为1,2,3,4,5,6.其中5,6是[]90100,之间的两份,则所有可能()()3221,f x x ax a x a R =--+∈.(Ⅰ)求()f x 的单调区间;(Ⅱ)若()f x 的图像不存在与:l y x =-平行或重合的切线,求实数a 的取值范围.【命题意图】本题考查导数的应用,函数单调性与导数之间的关系,综合考查运用知识分析和解决问题的能力,中等题.(20)解:(Ⅰ)()2232)(3)f x x ax a x a x a '=--=-+(…………………………2分第19题图当0a =时,()230f x x '=≥,∴()f x 的单调递增区间为(,)-∞+∞………………6分(Ⅱ)由题知,()1f x '≠-212||F F =22222122cos60()3163m n mn m n mn m n mn mn =+-︒=+-=+-=-。
安徽省马鞍山市2013届高三第三次教学质量检测理综试题中国校长网2013年马鞍山市高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,第Ⅰ卷第1页至第5页,第Ⅱ卷第5页至第12页。
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以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 0-16 S-32 V-51 Na-23 Mn-55 1. 下列有关细胞结构和功能的叙述正确的是A.癌细胞中的核糖体的数量明显少于衰老细胞B.钠离子进出神经细胞都需要ATP分解供能C.抗体在核糖体合成后依次进入内质网和高尔基体加工D.葡萄糖在线粒体中被彻底氧化分解成二氧化碳和水 2. 下列实验操作能达到预期结果的是A.筛选纤维素分解菌时,培养基中的纤维素要用苏丹红染色B.用一定浓度的生长素处理幼苗可获得多倍体植株C.运用基因工程技术可以将缺陷基因切除达到基因治疗的目的D.验证DNA 半保留复制时用同位素标记法和密度梯度离心法3.甲图和乙图是与细胞分裂相关的坐标图(不考虑细胞质DNA),下列说法正确的是A.甲图中CD段表示有丝分裂后期B.甲图AB段可以表示减数分裂的DNA 复制C.乙图中的AB段细胞中有4个染色体组D.乙图中CD段细胞中染色体、染色单体、DNA的比例为1:2:2 中国校长网资源频道中国校长网4.是指大气中直径小于或等于微米的细颗粒物,富含大量的有毒、有害物质,而人体的呼吸道对其没有过滤阻挡能力,因而会严重影响人们健康。
2013年安徽省马鞍山市高考物理三模试卷学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、单选题(本大题共7小题,共42.0分)1.一物体做初速度为零的匀加速直线运动,图甲、乙、丙、丁是以时间为横轴的运动图象.则关于此物体的运动图象,下列说法正确的是()A.甲是速度随时间变化图象B.乙是位移随时间变化图象C.丙是速度随时间变化图象D.丁是加速度随时间变化图象【答案】D【解析】试题分析:根据初速度为零的匀加速直线运动可分别得出速度-时间图象、加速度-时间图象、位移-时间图象及力-时间图象;结合题意可分析各项是否正确.A、C初速度为零的匀加速直线运动的速度与时间的关系为v=at,故v-t图象是一条过原点的倾斜的直线,故AC错误.B、初速度为零的匀加速直线运动的位移x=v0t+at2=,故其图象为抛物线,故B错误;D、匀变速直线运动的加速度恒定不变,故a-t图象为一条平行于时间轴的直线;故D 正确.故选D.2.如图所示,A、B为均匀带电细圆环中轴线上的两点,O为圆环圆心,B点与O的距离小于A点与O的距离,若圆环所带电荷为正电荷,无穷远处电势为零,下列说法正确的是()A.O点电势为零B.O点电场强度为零C.A点电势比B点高D.A点电场强度比B点小【答案】B【解析】试题分析:均匀带电细圆环两侧电场分布具有对称性,沿O点左侧OB连线上电场水平向左,沿o点右侧o A连线上电场水平向右,在O点带电细圆环上电荷所产生的合场强为0.向两侧电势降低.据此判断各项.在O点带电细圆环上电荷所产生的合场强为0,向两侧为沿电场线方向,电势降低到0,则O点电势大于0.故A错误,B正确B点与其关于O点的对称点的电势相等,而该对称点的电势在A点的左侧,电势高于A点,则B点电势高于A点电势.故C错误在各点的场强为所有电荷的合场强,在A B连线上,因竖直向相互抵消为0,合场强为各部分电荷场强的水平向分量之和,B点距离小,但各部分的场强方向与水平向的夹角大,水平分量不一定大,故不能确定B与A的场强的大小.故D 错误故选:B3.如图所示一列简谐横波在t=0时的波形图,若波的传播速度为2m/s,此时质点P向y 轴正方向振动,P、Q两个质点的平衡位置相距一个波长.下列说法正确的是()A.该波沿x轴正方向传播B.质点P在一个周期内的路程为10cmC.t=0.1s,质点Q和P的振动方向相反D.t=0.15s,质点P向y轴负方向振动【答案】A【解析】试题分析:根据质点的振动方向,通过“上下坡法”判断波的传播方向.质点在一个周期内振动的路程等于4倍的振幅,P、Q两个质点的平衡位置相距一个波长,振动步调一致.A、质点P向上振动,根据“上下坡法”知波的传播方向沿x轴的正方向.故A正确.B、质点在一个周期内振动的路程等于4倍的振幅,为20cm.故B错误.C、P、Q两质点相距一个波长,振动步调一致.故C错误.D、因为波长等于0.4m,则T=,知t=0.15s,质点P在平衡位置以上且向上振动.故D错误.故选A.4.如图所示,A是一质量为m的盒子,B的质量为,A、B用一根跨过光滑定滑轮的轻质细绳相连,A置于倾角θ=30°的斜面上,B悬于斜面之外而处于静止状态.现向A 中缓慢加入砂子,整个系统始终保持静止.则在加入砂子的过程中()A.绳子拉力逐渐减小B.A所受的合力逐渐增大C.斜面对A的摩擦力逐渐减小D.斜面对A的支持力逐渐增大【答案】D【解析】试题分析:绳子拉力等于B的重力,保持不变.A对斜面的压力等于A及沙子的总重力沿垂直于斜面的分力.A所受的重力沿斜面向下的分力等于B的重力,当向A中缓慢加入沙子时,分析A受到的摩擦力方向,由平衡条件分析大小的变化.A保持静止,合力为零,保持不变.A、对B研究可知,绳子拉力等于B的重力,保持不变.故A错误.B、整个系统始终保持静止,A所受的合力为零,不变.故B错误.C、未加沙子时,A所受的重力沿斜面向下的分力为g,等于绳子的拉力,A没有运动趋势,不受静摩擦力.当向A中缓慢加入沙子时,A有向下运动趋势,由平衡条件分析可知:A所受的摩擦力等于沙子的重力沿斜面向下的分力,随着沙子质量的增加,A所受的摩擦力逐渐增大.故C错误..D、A对斜面的压力等于A及沙子的总重力沿垂直于斜面的分力,随着沙子质量的增加,A对斜面的压力逐渐增大.故D正确.故选D5.如果把水星和金星绕太阳的运动视为匀速圆周运动,从水星与金星在一条直线上开始计时,若天文学家测得在相同时间内水星转过的角度为θ1,金星转过的角度为θ2(θ1、θ2均为锐角),则由此条件不可能求得()A.水星和金星的质量之比B.水星和金星到太阳的距离之比C.水星和金星绕太阳运动的周期之比D.水星和金星绕太阳运动的向心加速度大小之比【答案】A【解析】试题分析:相同时间内水星转过的角度为θ1;金星转过的角度为θ2,可知道它们的角速度之比,绕同一中心天体做圆周运动,根据万有引力提供向心力,可求出轨道半径比,以及向心加速度比.A、水星和金星作为环绕体,无法求出质量之比,故A正确B、相同时间内水星转过的角度为θ1;金星转过的角度为θ2,可知道它们的角速度之比,根据万有引力提供向心力:G═mrω2,r=,知道了角速度比,就可求出轨道半径之比.故B错误.C、相同时间内水星转过的角度为θ1;金星转过的角度为θ2,可知它们的角速度之比为θ1:θ2.周期T=,则周期比为θ2:θ1.故C错误.D、根据a=rω2,轨道半径之比、角速度之比都知道,很容易求出向心加速度之比.故D错误.故选A.6.在水平面上将一小球竖直向上抛出,初速度和初动能分别为v0、E k0,小球能达到的最大高度为H.若运动过程中小球所受的空气阻力大小不变,小球上升到离水平面的高度为时,小球的速度和动能分别为v、E k,则()A.v=B.v<C.E k<D.E k=【答案】D【解析】试题分析:小球在竖直上升的过程中,阻力恒定,两次根据动能定理求解.令小球在上升过程中所受阻力恒f,则根据动能定理有:-mg H-f H=0-E k0①②由①和②,故D正确,C错误;根据动能定义式有:③④由③和④得,故A、B均错误.故选D.7.如图所示,间距为L、电阻不计的足够长平行光滑金属导轨水平放置,导轨左端用一阻值为R的电阻连接,导轨上横跨一根质量为m、电阻也为R的金属棒,金属棒与导轨接触良好.整个装置处于竖直向上、磁感应强度为B的匀强磁场中.现使金属棒以初速度v沿导轨向右运动,若金属棒在整个运动过程中通过的电荷量为q.下列说法正确的是()A.金属棒在导轨上做匀减速运动B.整个过程中金属棒在导轨上发生的位移为C.整个过程中金属棒克服安培力做功为D.整个过程中电阻R上产生的焦耳热为【答案】C【解析】试题分析:根据金属棒的受力,根据牛顿第二定律判断加速度的变化,从而判断出金属棒的运动情况.根据q=求出金属棒在导轨上发生的位移.根据动能定理和能量守恒求出克服安培力做功与电阻R上产生的焦耳热.A、金属棒切割产生感应电动势,产生感应电流,从而受到向左的安培力,做减速运动,由于速度减小,电动势减小,则电流减小,安培力减小,根据牛顿第二定律知,加速度减小,做加速度逐渐减小的减速运动.故A错误.B、根据q==,则金属棒在导轨上发生的位移s=.故B错误.C、根据动能定律得,,则金属棒克服安培力做功为.故C正确.D、根据能量守恒得,动能的减小全部转化为整个回路产生的热量,则电阻R产生的热量.故D错误.故选C.二、实验题探究题(本大题共1小题,共18.0分)8.Ⅰ在《验证力的平行四边形定则》的实验中,某同学的实验情况如图甲所示,其中A 为固定橡皮筋的图钉,O为橡皮条与细绳的结点,OB和OC为细绳.图乙是在白纸上根据实验结果画出的图,则:(1)图乙中的F是力F1和F2合力的;F′是力F1和F2合力的.(填“测量值”或“理论值”)(2)在实验中,如果只将细绳换成橡皮筋,其它步骤没有改变,那么实验结果是否会发生变化?答:.(选填“变”或“不变”)(3)本实验采用的科学方法是A.理想实验法B.等效替代法C.控制变量法D.建立物理模型法Ⅱ使用多用电表测量电阻时,多用电表内部的电路可以等效为一个直流电源(一般为电池)、一个电阻和一表头相串联,两个表笔分别位于此串联电路的两端.现需要测量多用电表内电池的电动势,给定的器材有:待测多用电表,量程为60m A的电流表,电阻箱,导线若干.实验时,将多用电表调至×1Ω挡,调好零点;电阻箱置于适当数值.完成下列填空:(1)仪器连线如图甲所示(a和b是多用电表的两个表笔).若两电表均正常工作,则表笔a为(填“红”或“黑”)色;(2)若适当调节电阻箱后,图乙中多用电表、电流表与电阻箱的示数分别如图(a)、(b)、(c)所示,则多用电表的读数为Ω,电流表的读数为m A,电阻箱的读数为Ω.(3)计算得到多用电表内电池的电动势为V.(保留3位有效数字)【答案】理论值;测量值;不变;B;黑;14.0;53;4.6;1.53【解析】试题分析:Ⅰ(1)实验原理是通过比较理论值与实际值之间的关系,来验证力的合成遵从平行四边形定则,理论值是用平行四边形画出来的,真实值是与橡皮筋同线的那个力.(2)在实验中注意细线的作用是提供拉力,采用橡皮筋同样可以做到;(3)本实验中采用了两个力合力与一个力效果相同来验证的平行四边形定则,因此采用“等效法”,注意不同实验方法的应用;Ⅱ当用多用电表测电阻时,电源在表内,要使电流从图中电流表正极流进,从负极流出,因此表笔a连接电源的正极,所以表笔a为黑色的.多用电表测电阻时读数是表盘示数与倍率的乘积;电流表的读数要注意量程.(1)理论值是用平行四边形画出来的,真实值是与橡皮筋同线的那个力.所以:F是理论值,F′是实际值.(2)在实验中细线是否伸缩对实验结果没有影响,故换成橡皮筋可以同样完成实验,故实验结果不变;故答案为:不变.(3)实验中两次要求效果相同,故实验采用了等效替代的方法,故ACD错误,B正确.Ⅱ(1)多用电表在使用时必须使电流从红表笔(正接线柱)流进,黑表笔(负接线柱)流出,串联的电流表也必须使电流从正接线柱流进,负接线柱流出,所以可以判断电流是从a 表笔流出的为黑表笔.(2)多用电表用×1倍率测量,读数为:14.0Ω,电流表的量程是60m A,由图示电流表可知其示数为53.0m A;电阻箱的读数为:0×100+0×10+4×1+6×0.1=4.6Ω.(3)当表头短接时电路电流最大为表头的满偏电流I g=,将R g取为r+r g+R为多用电表的内阻,当待测电阻等于R g时,这时表头半偏,表针指在欧姆表盘的中值上,所以R g又称为中值电阻.当选择×1倍率测量时中值电阻直接在欧姆表盘上读数为15Ω.在(2)中多用电表外的电阻为多用电表的读数14.0Ω,干路电流是53.0m A,则电源电动势是E=I(R内+R外)=0.053×(15+14)=1.537V.故答案为:Ⅰ(1)理论值;测量值;(2)不变;(3)B;Ⅱ.(1)黑;(2)14.0;53.0;4.6;(3)1.53(或1.54).三、计算题(本大题共3小题,共50.0分)9.北京时间2013年4月20日8时02分,在四川省雅安市芦山县发生7.0级地震.地震引发多处山体崩塌,严重危害灾区人民的生命和财产安全.研究崩塌体的运动时可建立如图所示的简化模型,当崩塌体速度较低、坡面较缓时,崩塌体的运动可视为滑动.假设某崩塌体质量为m,初速度为零,当地重力加速度为g,为坡面与水平面的夹角,H 为崩塌体距水平面的高度,为崩塌体与坡面以及地面间的动摩擦因数.不考虑崩塌体途经A处时的速度大小变化.求:(1)崩塌体滑动到坡底A点时的速度大小;(2)水平面上安全位置距A点的最小距离.【答案】解:(1)设崩塌体滑到A点的速度为v,则由动能定理得:mg H-μmgcosθ=-0解得:v=(2)设最小安全距离为x,则由动能定理得-μmgx=0-解得:x=H(-cotθ)答:(1)崩塌体滑动到坡底A点时的速度大小是;(2)水平面上安全位置距A点的最小距离是H(-cotθ).【解析】试题分析:(1)崩塌体下滑过程中,重力和摩擦力做功,根据动能定理求解滑动到坡底A 点时的速度大小;(2)崩塌体在水平面滑动过程,由滑动摩擦力做功,由动能定理求解水平面上安全位置距A点的最小距离.10.如图,在xoy平面第一象限整个区域分布匀强电场,电场方向平行y轴向下,在第四象限内存在有界匀强磁场,左边界为y轴,右边界为x=d的直线,磁场方向垂直纸面向外.质量为m、带电量为+q的粒子从y轴上P点以初速度v0垂直y轴射入匀强电场,在电场力作用下从x轴上Q点以与x轴正方向成45°角进入匀强磁场.已知OQ=d,不计粒子重力.求:(1)P点坐标;(2)要使粒子能再进入电场,磁感应强度B的取值范围;(3)要使粒子能第二次进入磁场,磁感应强度B的取值范围.【答案】解:(1)设粒子进入电场时y方向的速度为v y,则v y=v0tan45°设粒子在电场中运动时间为t,则OQ=v0tOP=由以上各式,解得OP=P点坐标为(0,)(2)粒子刚好能再进入电场的轨迹如图所示,设此时的轨迹半径为r1,则r1+r1sin45°=d解得:令粒子在磁场中的速度为v,则v=根据牛顿第二定律qv B1=解得:要使粒子能再进入电场,磁感应强度B的范围B≥B1(3)要使粒子刚好从x=2.5d处第二次进入磁场的轨迹如图,粒子从P到Q的时间为t,则粒子从C到D的时间为2t,所以CD=2dCQ=CD-QD=2d-(2.5d-d)=设此时粒子在磁场中的轨道半径为r2,由几何关系2r2sin45°=CQ解得d根据牛顿第二定律qv B2=解得要使粒子能第二次进磁场,粒子必须先进入电场,故磁感应强度B要满足B≤B2综上所述要使粒子能第二次进磁场,磁感应强度B要满足≤B≤答:(1)P点的坐标为(0,)(2)要使粒子能再进入电场,磁感应强度B的取值范围B≥(3)磁感应强度B要满足≤B≤【解析】试题分析:(1)粒子在第一象限内做类平抛运动,在x轴方向上做匀速直线运动,在y 轴方向做初速度为零的匀加速直线运动,已经知道在Q点时的速度方向为45°,可知此时沿两个坐标轴的速度都是v0,在x轴和y轴分别列式,可求出OP的距离,从而得到P点的坐标(2)、对粒子在第四象限中的运动轨道进行分析,找到临界状态,即轨道恰好与y轴相切为轨道的最大半径,结合洛伦兹力做向心力的公式可求出此时的磁感应强度,该磁感应强度为最小值,从而可表示出磁感应强度的范围.(3)、首先要分析粒子恰能第二次进入磁场的轨迹,画出轨迹图,结合轨迹图可求出CQ 之间的距离,由几何关系再求出在第四象限内运动轨道的半径,结合洛伦兹力做向心力的公式可求出磁感应强度的最大值,从而可得磁感应强度的范围11.如图所示,在光滑水平地面上有一固定的挡板,挡板上固定一个轻弹簧.现有一质量M=3kg,长L=4m的小车AB(其中O为小车的中点,AO部分粗糙,OB部分光滑),一质量为m=1kg的小物块(可视为质点),放在车的最左端,车和小物块一起以v0=4m/s 的速度在水平面上向右匀速运动,车撞到挡板后瞬间速度变为零,但未与挡板粘连.已知车OB部分的长度大于弹簧的自然长度,弹簧始终处于弹性限度内,小物块与车AO 部分之间的动摩擦因数为μ0.3,重力加速度g=10m/s2.求:(1)小物块和弹簧相互作用的过程中,弹簧具有的最大弹性势能;(2)小物块和弹簧相互作用的过程中,弹簧对小物块的冲量;(3)小物块最终停在小车上的位置距A端多远.【答案】解:(1)对小物块,有ma=-μmg根据运动学公式由能量关系,解得E P=2J.(2)设小物块离开弹簧时的速度为v1,有.对小物块,根据动量定理I=-mv1-mv由⑤⑥式并代入数据得I=-4kgm/s.弹簧对小物块的冲量大小为4kgm/s,方向水平向左.(3)小物块滑过O点和小车相互作用,由动量守恒mv1=(m+M)v2.由能量关系小物块最终停在小车上距A的距离解得x A=1.5m.答:(1)小物块和弹簧相互作用的过程中,弹簧具有的最大弹性势能为2J.(2)小物块和弹簧相互作用的过程中,弹簧对小物块的冲量大小为4kgm/s,方向水平向左.(3)小物块最终停在小车上的位置距A端为1.5m.【解析】试题分析:(1)根据牛顿第二定律求出小物块在AO段做匀减速直线运动的加速度大小,从而根据运动学公式求出小物块与B弹簧接触前的速度,根据能量守恒定律求出弹簧的最大弹性势能.(2)小物块和弹簧相互作用的过程中,根据能量守恒定律求出小物块离开弹簧时的速度,根据动量定理求出弹簧对小物块的冲量.(3)根据动量守恒定律求出小物块和小车保持相对静止时的速度,根据能量守恒定律求出小物块在小车上有摩擦部分的相对路程,从而求出小物块最终位置距离A点的距离.。
2013年马鞍山市高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,第Ⅰ卷第1页至第5页,第Ⅱ卷第5页至第12页。
全卷满分300分。
考生注意事项:1. 答题前,考生务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、准考证号。
2. 答第Ⅰ卷时,每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,答在试题卷上无效。
3. 答第Ⅱ卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上....书写,要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。
作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡...规定的位置绘出,确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。
必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、...................草稿纸上答题无效........。
4.考试结束,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共120分)本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量: H-1 C-12 0-16 S-32 V-51 Na-23 Mn-557.三氟化氮(NF3)在微电子工业中有重要用途,它在潮湿的空气中与水蒸气反应的产物有:HF、NO和HNO3。
则下列说法正确的是A.NF3分子中含有非极性共价键B.NF3在空气中泄漏时不易被察觉C.一旦NF3泄漏,可以用石灰水溶液喷淋的方法减少污染D.反应过程中,被氧化与被还原的元素的物质的量之比为2:18.关于下列各装置的叙述中,错误..的是A.装置①可用于探究NH4HCO3的热稳定性B.装置②可用于收集H2、CO2C.装置③中X若为CCl4,可用于吸收氨气或氯化氢,并能防倒吸D.装置④可用于干燥、收集NH3,并吸收多余的氨气9.常温下列各组离子在指定溶液中可能大量共存的是A.含有大量ClO-的溶液:Na+、OH-、I-、SO32-B.澄清透明的溶液:Cu2+、Fe3+、NO3-、Cl-C.使pH试纸变蓝的溶液:NH4+、K+、S2-、CO32-D.c( )=0.1mol/L的溶液:Na+、Cl-、CO32-、NO3-10.如下图所示,甲池的总反应式为:N2H4+O2=N2+2H2O下列关于该电池工作时说法正确的是A.甲池中负极反应为:N2H4-4e-=N2+4H+B.甲池溶液pH不变,乙池溶液pH减小C.甲池中消耗2.24L O2,此时乙池中理论上最多产生12.8g固体D.反应一段时间后,向乙池中加一定量CuO固体,能使CuSO4溶液恢复到原浓度11.在一密闭恒容容器中发生如下反应:aX(g)+bY(g)cZ(g) ΔH>0,达平衡后,当其他条件不变时,下列说法正确的是A.升高温度,正反应速率增大,逆反应速率减小, 平衡常数增大B.若通入稀有气体平衡不移动,则a+b=cC.若加入催化剂,反应速率改变,但平衡不移动D.若增加X的量,平衡正向移动,X的转化率增大12.常温下,向100 mL 0.01 mol·L-1HA溶液中逐滴加入0.02 mol·L-1MOH溶液,图中所示曲线表示混合溶液的pH变化情况(体积变化忽略不计)。
高中英语真题:2013届高三第三次模拟考试统一检测试卷温馨提示:本试题卷分四个部分,包括听力理解、语言知识运用、阅读和书面表达共10页。
时量120分钟。
满分150分。
PartⅠListening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations betwe en two speakers. For each conversation, there are several ques tions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for e ach question.You will hear each conversation TWICE.Example:When will the magazine probably arrive?A. Wednesday.B. Thursday.C. Friday.The answer is B.Conversation 11. When will the man leave for ?A. At 7: 00 p.m..B. At 7: 40 p.m..C. At 9: 40 p.m..2. What are the speakers going to do today?A. Meet at the airport.B. Have dinner together.C. Have a meetin g.Conversation 23. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a school.C. At a bus station.4. What is the man’s problem?A. He can’t find his classroom.B. He has got low gr ades in maths.C. He can’t get along well with James Smith.Conversation 35. Who will the man pick up on Saturday night?A. Daniel.B. His cousin.C. His friend.6. What does the woman want the man to do?A. Pick her up.B. Buy her a birthday prese nt.C. Go to her birthday party.Conversation 47. Why is the man at the shop?A. To order a camera.B. To repair a camera.C. To c hange a camera.8. What color does the man want?A. Pink.B. Black.C. Orange.9. What will the man do afterwards?A. Make a phone call.B. Wait for a new one.C. Com e again.Conversation 510. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Mrs. Smith.B. Mr. Black’s daughter.C. Mr. Black’s son.11. How long does the school day last?A. 8 hours.B. 7 hours.C. 6 hours.12. How does Jack usually go to school?A. By bus.B. On foot.C. By car. Conversation 613. Which channel is the baseball game on?A. Channel 2.B. Channel 6.C. Channel 8.14. What does the woman agree to see at last?A. A baseball game.B. A western film.C. An American film.15. What will the two speakers watch first?A. News.B. A TV show.C. A film.Section B (7.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the informatio n you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THR EE WORDS. You will hear the short passage TWICE.Museums Exhibitsof ☆ Various types of 16 and exhibits showing the lifestyles of early America n IndiansNational 1 7 Museum Displays showing the development of fl ightThe airplane Orville Wright used to ma ke his 18 flightThe airplane Charles Lindbergh used t o 19 theAtlanticof History☆ About 20 items on exhibitPart Ⅱ Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are f our choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21. _______ his car stolen, he asked the police for help at once.A. FindingB. FoundC. To findD. Find22. — Look! The school bus _______ and is waiting for us.— Yeah. Let’s hurry.A. is stoppingB. has stoppedC. stoppedD. will stop23. He caught a serious illness from _______ effects he still suff ers.A. thatB. whatC. whoseD. which24. The new rule states that officials _______ drink wine while at work.A. mustn’tB. needn’tC. mayn’tD. won’t25. He wanted to get that smart car, only _______ that it had be en sold out.A. tellB. tellingC. to be toldD. told26. Many children always disagree with _______ their parents s uggest.A. HoweverB. WhateverC. WhicheverD. Whoever27. I _______ online games for two years, but I’ve never regretted giving it up.A. playB. was playingC. playedD. had p layed28. Either you or he _______ to give them a lecture tomorrow.A. isB. areC. hasD. have29. Never before _______ a student who works as hard as him.A. I had seenB. had I seenC. I have seenD. Have I seen30. _______ the effect it will have on your future before you give up the job.A. ConsiderB. ConsideringC. To considerD. Considered31. The fact has worried people _______ the number of the deat hs is still increasing.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. when32. I forget where I saw the skirt, otherwise I _______ you the sh op now.A. will tellB. would tellC. am going to tellD. am telling33. The world’s most delicious meal _______ by me now.A. makesB. is madeC. is going to makeD. is being made34. There is little water in the bottle, _______?A. is thereB. isn’t thereC. aren’t thereD. are there35. A good teacher can hold the students’ attention _______ he reaches the end of a class.A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. untilSection B (15 marks)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are f our choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.Everyone has his birthday every year. But this old lady’s birthda y was special this year. It was her eightieth birthday. It was 36that , her only child, wouldn’t forget her mother’s birthday, she thought.Mrs. Morrison had brought a card and a bunch of flowers. Mrs. Grant downstairs had made a cake. Johnnie, the little boy next door, was now up with her with a packet of sweets.“I guess you’ll get lots and lots of 37 .” he said. “I did last wee k when I was six.” What would she like? A pair of slippers perha ps. A blue new sweater. Or a table lamp. Or a little clock, with 38 black numbers to see easily. So many lovely things.She 39 by the window, watching. The postman turned round the corner on his 40 . He rode it nearer and nearer. Her heart beat faster and faster. Johnnie had seen him, too and 41 to t he gate.“Granny,granny”, Johnnie returned quickly. “I’ve got your post!”He gave her four 42 . Three were from old friends. The fourth was in ’s 43 .“No parcel(包裹), Johnnie?”“No,granny.”Almost unwillingly, she tore the fourth envelope open. 44 in t he card was a check. Written on the card was a message: Hap py Birthday — Buy yourself something nice with the 45 . and Harold.The six-figure check fell to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. 46 the old lady bent to pick it up. Her present, her lovely present. With 47 fingers she tore it into little bits.36.A.certain B.fine C.kind D.helpful 37.A.flowers B.presents C.toys D.letters 38.A.clean B.beautiful C.nice D.clear 39.A.lied B.stood C.lay D.slept 40.A.bicycle B.bus C.car D.foot 41.A.approached B.sang C.marched D.ran 42.A.bags B.envelopes C.clocksD.packages43.A.handwriting B.check C.box D.parcel 44.A.Drawn B.Folded C.Signed D.Given 45.A.envelope B.parcel C. check D.c ard46.A.Quickly B.Quietly C.SuddenlyD.Slowly47.A.freezing B.trembling C.wavingD.movingSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each bla nk with one word that best fits the context.The price of housing is a hot topic in . It has been increasing in recent years, 48 causes a headache for people living in cities.A lot of people cannot afford to own an apartment, so they cho ose to rent instead of buying 49 . Renting an apartment make s them have a place to stay in 50 thus they can focus on work as well as personal life.Some other people, 51 , believe that an apartment owned by themselves makes them feel safe. 52 will also make them fe el less worried. They are willing to sacrifice some other aspects of life to borrow money 53 the bank to buy an apartment.As far as I am concerned, to buy or to rent is all about people’s personal choice. But 54 price of housing stays too high. It will be better to rent first. You can wait 55 the price is going d own.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For ea ch of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AIt’s Internet age. Online games keep growing. There are online computer game cafés in many cities and towns throughout Asia . Under the pressures of school and life, people tend to the virtu al world, expecting to escape these problems. Too often, however, they can lead to problems and unhealthy addictions.This is most clearly seen in the example of . The country has th e world’s highest percentage of high-speed Internet services. It also has a high number of online ga me players and related problems. In 2002, a young man fainted and died while playing online games. He had been playing alm ost nonstop for 86 hours at an Internet ca fé. Another young ma n killed his sister after becoming confused between the online w orld and real life. A 12-year-old boy stole US $ 16,000 from his father and ran away from ho me. He did this to continue his obsession (着迷) with an online game. Such problems, however, don’t just ha ppen in . They are spreading to other parts of Asia, as well. What kinds of people are addicted to online games? What does the problem look like? Dr. SueHuei Chen, a clinical psychologi st, researches Internet addiction. She discovered some signs of at-risk individuals such as lack friendships and good social skills. Those problem individuals feel it so compulsive to play online g ames that they could sacrifice things such as school or family. T hey feel the need to spend more and more time online. And the y become upset if anyone tries to limit their online game playing .How many problem game players are there? In mainland , the n umber of problem online gamers is alarming. In 2004, the China daily reported that had 13.8 million online game players. Furth ermore, it stated that 80 percent of these were under 25 and ha d signs of addiction. Such numbers point toward a growing prob lem among Chinese youth.Make sure to keep control over your online game playing. If you don’t control it, it can get control of you.56. What is mainly discussed in the passage?A. The online game problems in Asia.B. The disadvantages of the Internet.C. The popularity of online games.D. The cause of online game addiction.57. People play online computer game to _______.A. enjoy lifeB. escape some pressureC. earn moneyD. build up body58. According to Paragraph 2, we learn _______.A. The young killer’s sister was killed in a fictional world.B. Online game playing is responsible for a lot of trouble.C. Only people in have access to the Internet.D. The teenage boy played games online non-stop for 86 hours.59. What is NOT the sign of at-risk individuals?A. Feeling it so compulsive to play online games.B. Becoming upset if anyone tries to limit their online game play ing.C. Feeling the need to spend more and more time online.D. Having good social skills.60. What can we learn from the passage?A. Most people in Asia have developed an addiction to online g ames.B. Online game addictions cause many life-and-death arguments in .C. Lonely and unsociable people seem to more easily develop I nternet addictions.D. In the year 2004 there were a total of 13.8 million Chinese vi siting the Internet.BTime (lost) will never come again. Each age has its pleasures a nd its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys wh at each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after a nd loved, whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child—things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. But a child has his parents, he is not so free to do whathe wishes to do. He is continually being told not to do things or being punished for what he has done wrong. When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect other s to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work i f he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time pla ying about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hung ry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have th e great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.61. According to the second paragraph, the writer thinks that __ _____.A. if much is given to a child, he must do something in returnB. a child is always loved whatever he doesC. life for a child is comparatively easyD. only children are interested in life62. After a child grows up, he ________.A. will have little time playingB. should be able to take care of himselfC. can still ask for help in time of troubleD. has to be successful in finding a job63. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passa ge?A. Adults should no longer rely on others.B. Life is less interesting for old people.C. Adults are free to do what they want to do.D. People are often satisfied with their life.64. The main idea of the passage is that ________.A. life is not enjoyable since each age has some painsB. young men can have the greatest happiness if they work har dC. childhood is the most enjoyable time in one’s lifeD. one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in h is life65. The paragraph following this passage will most probably dis cuss _______.A. examples of successful young menB. how to build up one’s position in societyC. joys and pains of old peopleD. what to do when one has problems in lifeCEveryone knows a storm is dangerous. A storm is often announced. Though there is expert broadcasting and we have cell ph ones, there’re still some instances when the violent weather takes us by surprise.While most Atlantic hurricanes form off the coast of Africa givin g plenty of early warning, sudden Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico hurricanes form and move rapidly in less than a day’s time, en dangering everyone and everything in their path.Oil workers have been stuck off the shore when sudden storms appeared. Field archeologists have been trapped in coastal are as without storm warning. It wasn’t but a few decades ago that a Texas National Guard group was trapped on the beach by rai n-forced flooding and had to ride out a major hurricane during a tr aining exercise. There have been a few instances when traveler s were trapped on an island or in a coastal area and unable to e scape in time.Escaping from the storm-threatened areas is generally a choice for most of us—but not for all. Each year thousands of islanders across the Caribbean face the danger of hurricanes without so much as a publi c shelter to hide in. Most ride out the storm in their homes.But there’re a few things you can do to prepare yourself for som e unexpected emergencies. Being prepared for the unexpected may be your best and only defense. If you’re headed outdoors f or a few days or weeks, you should always carry a flashlight wit h extra batteries, a GPS device, and a basic medical box. If you ’re traveling in your car, remember you may suffer from high wi nds. You’d better not stay inside to avoid being blown away alo ng with your car. Keeping your head and your courage up is es sential to survive in any type of danger. Let common sense guide you and always be prepared for the worst.66. According to the text, most Atlantic hurricanes _______.A. form in the Caribbean SeaB. come from Gulf of MexicoC. are from the Pacific OceanD. develop off the coast of Africa67. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. The bad situations of oil workers.B. People trapped by sudden storms.C. The danger of traveling on an island.D. The Texas National Guard group.68. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To encourage traveling.B. To give some advi ce.C. To underline the danger of hurricanes.D. To give some warnings.69. The underlined word “ride out” in the fourth paragraph prob ably meansA. hide fromB. rule out.C. work outD. manage to get throug h70. The text is most probably found in the website of _______.A. Technology.B. Sports.C. Life.D. Culture.Part Ⅳ Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered bla nks by using the information fromthe passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.A survey has been made recently to make out what are the pub lic opinions on the one-child policy. Here are some results of it.Many teenagers suggest they should have a brother or sister. P erhaps they feel this might make up for a gap in their own lives. Bao Yunlu, a Senior 2 boy from the No 8 Middle School in , Pro vince, often dreams of having an elder sister. “I want her to help me with my homework, share my feelings and take care of me,” he said.But last week Li Honggui, head of the China Family Planning A ssociation (CFPA), caused a hot discussion when he told news papers there would be no change to the current one-child policy. It will remain the provincial governments’ right to de cide on individual cases.The one-child policy began in 1978. Now has nearly 100 million single c hild families, one-third of the total. The policy has successfully slowed down Chin ese population growth by 10 million babies a year. But there are problems.As the centre of the family’s attention they do not know about th e hardships of life. “The one-child generation has no idea of thrift (节俭).” said Xing Yuan, professor of sociology at . Some of them also don’t know how to get on well with others.Bao agreed that being an only child has had an effect on his pe rsonality. “We are less tolerant (宽容) and considerate than our schoolmates who have brothers or sisters,” he said.But others don’t agree. “I don’t feel the difference between me a nd my classmates who have a brother or sister. They often com plain to me about quarrelling with their brothers or sisters. I feel lucky to have nobody to steal my belongings,” said Bai Yijing, a Senior 1 girl from the Middle School Attached to Beijing Petrole um Institute.What’s your opinion? Let us know it, please.Title: A Survey of 71.Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.The Health Bureau of Central China's on Thursday reported o ne new case of H7N9 bird flu, bringing the total number of confi rmed H7N9 cases in this province to three.From 8 pm Tuesday to 5 pm Wednesday, China reported five n ew cases of human H7N9 avian influenza infection(禽流感), including one in Shanghai and four in Zhejiang Province. The National Health and Family Planning Commission said in it s daily update on H7N9 cases that a total of 82 H7N9 cases ha ve been reported in China, including 17 that have ended in deat h.Of the total, five H7N9 patients have left hospitals after receivin g treatment, and the other 60 patients are being treated in hospi tals, according to the commission.A total of 31 cases, including 11 that have ended in death, have been reported in . Twenty cases, including three deaths, have been reported in Jiangsu Province, and 25 cases, including two deaths, in . has reported three cases, with one death. Beijing has reported one case and two have been reported in .officially reported the occurrence of humans infected with the H7N9 virus late last month.According to the commission, 's confirmed H7N9 cases are isol ated and there has been no sign of human-to-human transmission.81. How many cities and provinces are reported to have H7N9 cases in the news?(No more than 2 words) (2 marks) ___________________________________________________82. When did first report H7N9 cases to the world?(No more than 5words) (2 marks) ___________________________________________________83. What may be the worst result of H7N9 virus?(No more than 7 words) (3 mark s)___________________________________________________ 84. What has been done to the H7N9 patients?(No more than 9 words) (3 marks )___________________________________________________ Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the inst ructions given below in Chinese.你是某中学高三学生,即将高中毕业。
2013年马鞍山市高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测英语本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
全卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(三部分共115分)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. In France, a meal is like a ceremony. People enjoy it and make it an important ________.A. situationB. conditionC. positionD. occasion22. Readily accessible technology is giving a voice to “Generation E”, _______ young people whoare flooding the Internet with their own stories, music, films and art.A. speciallyB. especiallyC. eventuallyD. basically23. ―This holiday should beat the last one, doesn’t it?—Yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Luckily, the weather is _______ this time.A. authenticB. transparentC. cooperativeD. specific24. —Any idea when he might be back?—Well, it _______ be long. He said he was just going to get some fruit.A. shouldn'tB. couldn’tC. mightn’tD. mustn’t25. —I’ve been regretful for what I did.—Cheer up! _______ you think of the past, you must not be a prisoner to it.A. HoweverB. WhereverC. WhicheverD. Whatever26.He is not only a strict teacher, but _______ most students and teachers show respect for.A. itB. thatC. oneD. who27. Gillian’s been working hard these days. The position of sales manager, which is still vacant inhis company, _______ him very much.A. appeals toB. turns toC. applies toD. occurs to28. A lot of schools in the western countries seem to have a culture _______ they don’t likecorrecting children, but actually this helps them.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as29.Becoming a millionaire has changed his life, but the win has also brought him stress andtroubles. Sometimes he wishes he _______ the money.A. will never winB. has never wonC. would never winD. had never won30. —Tracy, I heard you are going to do a rock climbing. Really?—Yes, I am. I mean, _______? I think it will be fun.A. what’s upB. what’s wrongC. why notD. so what31. It is very interesting that the children, _______ music lessons, improved more on generalmemory skills.A. takingB. takenC. to takeD. being taken32. Although he lived next to us for years, he _______ us much impression.A. hadn’t leftB. didn’t leaveC. doesn’t leaveD. won’t leave33.Never before _______ in greater need of employees equipped with both knowledge andcommunication skills than it is today.A. this company wasB. this company has beenC. was this companyD. has this company been34. After spending apart so many years, we are as tight as we were, _______ true friends needn’tmake familiar again.A. untilB. butC. forD. unless35. The driver told the policeman clearly how the accident happened, with nothing _______.A. given awayB. held backC. kept awayD. paid back第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
安徽省马鞍山市2012届高三第一次教学质量检测数 学 试 题(文)本试卷分第I 卷(选择题)和第II 卷(非选择题)两部分,全卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
考生注意事项: 1.答题前,务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、学校、班级、座号、准考证号。
2.答第I 卷时,每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
3.答第II 卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡...上书写,要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。
作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡...规定的位置绘出,确认后再用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔描清楚,必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试................题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
............ 4.考试结束,务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I 卷(选择题,共50分)一、选择题:本大题共10个小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的,请在答题卡相应位置将正确结论的代号用2B 铅笔填涂。
1.i 是虚数单位,21i i=+( )A .1i -B .1i --C .1i +D .1i -+2.设集合2{|||5},{|3180}S x x T x x x =<=+-<,则S T =( )A .{|65}x x -<<-B .{|53}x x -<<C .{|65}x x -<<D .{|35}x x <<3.下列说法正确的是( )A .函数()2sin(2)6f x x π=+图象的一条对称轴是直线6x π=B .若命题2:",210"p x R x x ∃∈-->,则命题2:",210"p x R x x ⌝∀∈--<C .“a=1”是“直线0x ay -=与直线0x ay +=互相垂直”的充要条件D .若10,2x x x ≠+≥则4.设函数240(),()40x x f x f a xx -≤⎧==⎨>⎩若,则实数a=( )A .-1或2B .-1或-2C .1或-2D .2或-25.已知向量(1,2),(,3)a b n ==,若向量b a - 与向量(4,1)c =-共线,则n 的值为 ( )A .5B .-2C .2D .-36.设,l m 是两条不同的直线,α,β是两个不同的平面,以下命题正确的是( )A .若,,//m l m l αα⊥⊥则B .若//,//,,//l m l m αβαβ⊂则C .若//,,//,l m l m αβαβ⊥⊥则D .若,,,l m l m αβαββ⊥=⊥⊥ 则7.若下面的程序框图输出的S 是126,则条件①可为( )A .5n ≤B .6n ≤C .7n ≤D .8n ≤8.从装有2个黄球、3个红球的袋中任取3个球,则所取的3个球中至少有1个黄球的概率是( )A .110B .310C .35D .9109.设函数()f x 在定义域内可导,其图象如右图所示,则导函数'()f x 的图象可能是( )10.设F 1,F 2为椭圆的两个焦点,若椭圆上存在点P 满足12120F PF ∠=︒,则椭圆的离心率的取值范围是( ) A.2⎫⎪⎪⎣⎭B.2⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭C.2⎛⎝⎭D.2⎛⎝⎦第II 卷(非选择题,共100分)二、填空题:本大题共5个小题,每小题5分,共25分。
2013年马鞍山市三模化学试题
7、氟化氮(NF3)在微电子工业中有重要用途,它在潮湿的空气中与水蒸气反应的产物有: HF、NO和
HNO3。
则下列说法正确的是()
A.NF3分子中含有非极性共价键 B.NF3在空气中泄漏时不易被察觉
C.一旦NF3泄漏,可以用石灰水溶液喷淋的方法减少污染
D.反应过程中,被氧化与被还原的元素的物质的量之比为2:1
8.关于下列各装置的叙述中,错误
..的是()
A.装置①可用于探究NH4HCO3的热稳定性 B.装置②可用于收集H2、CO2
C.装置③中X若为CCl4,可用于吸收氨气或氯化氢,并能防倒吸
D.装置④可用于干燥、收集NH3,并吸收多余的氨气
9.常温下列各组离子在指定溶液中可能大量共存的是()
A.含有大量ClO-的溶液:Na+、OH-、I-、SO32-
B.澄清透明的溶液:Cu2+、Fe3+、NO3-、Cl-
C.使pH试纸变蓝的溶液:NH4+、K+、S2-、CO32-
D.c( )=0.1mol/L的溶液:Na+、Cl-、CO 32-、NO3-
10.如下图所示,甲池的总反应式为:N2H4+O2=N2+2H2O
下列关于该电池工作时说法正确的是()
A.甲池中负极反应为:N2H4-4e-=N2+4H+
B.甲池溶液pH不变,乙池溶液pH减小
C.甲池中消耗2.24L O2,此时乙池中理论上最多产生12.8g固体
D.反应一会后,向乙池中加一定量CuO固体,能使CuSO4溶液恢复到原浓度
11.在一密闭恒容容器中发生如下反应:aX(g)+bY(g)cZ(g) ΔH>0,达平衡后,当其他条件不变时,下列说法正确的是()
A.升高温度,正反应速率增大,逆反应速率减小, 平衡常数增大
B.若通入稀有气体平衡不移动,则a+b=c
C.若加入催化剂,反应速率改变,但平衡不移动
D.若增加X的量,平衡正向移动,X的转化率增大
12.常温下,向100 mL 0.01 mol·L-1HA溶液中逐滴加入0.02 mol·L-1MOH溶液,图中所示曲线表示混合溶液的pH变化情况(体积变化忽略不计)。
下列叙述正确的是()
A.HA为弱酸,MOH为强碱
B.pH=7时,HA与MOH恰好完全反应
C.在N点,c(A-)=c(M+) + c(MOH)
D.在K点,c(M+)>c(A-)>c(OH-)>c(H+)
13.将NaOH溶液逐滴加入NH4HCO3溶液中,下列各示意图表示的混合溶液有关量的变化趋势,
其中正确的是()
25.(15分)常见元素X、Y、Z、W的原子序数依次增大,其相关信息如下表:
(1)Y位于元素周期表第周期族,其基态原子未成对电子有个。
(2)X的电负性比W的(填“大”或“小”);Y的最简单气态氢化物比X的最简单气态氢化物易液化,其主要原因是。
(3)Z与同周期左右相邻的两种元素的原子相比较,三者第一电离能由大到小的顺序为(用元素符号表示)。
Y和Z形成的化合物为晶体,该物质遇水强烈水解的化学方程式
为。
(4)在一定温度下,向一个容积不变的密闭容器中充入1molY2和3mol氢气,发生反应:Y2(g)+3H2(g) 2YH3(g) ΔH=-akJ/mol。
在该条件下达到平衡时放出的热量为bkJ,其平衡常数表达式
K= 。
若起始向此容器中充入2molYH3,在相同温度下达到平衡时,反应过程中吸收的热量为ckJ,则a、b、c三者之间的关系为(用一个式子表示)。
26.(15分)某人工合成香料H,其合成路线可简单表示如下:
已知:F的分子结构中含有2个甲基。
请回答下列问题:
(1)A的名称(系统命名)是;C中官能团的名称为。
E→F的反应类型是;H的结构简式是。
(2)C→D的化学方程式是;
E在一定条件下生成的高分子化合物的结构简式为。
(3)X是F的同分异构体,它同时符合下列3个条件,
①能发生水解反应②不含甲基③能发生银镜反应
则X可能的结构简式为、(写出任意两种)。
27.(14分)钒的用途十分广泛,有金属“维生素”之称。
某工厂为了从含有杂质的VOSO4样品中回收
得到催化剂V2O5,设计流程如下:
请回答下列问题:
(1)步骤①所得废渣的成分是(写化学式)。
NH4VO3在焙烧前要洗涤2-3次,该步操作方法为。
(2)步骤②、③的变化过程可简化为(下式R表示VO2+,HA表示有机萃取剂):
R2(SO4)n (水层)+ 2nHA(有机层)2RA n(有机层) + nH2SO4 (水层) 步骤②中萃取时必须加入适量碱,其原因是。
步骤③中X试剂为。
(3)⑤的离子方程式为。
(4)该工艺流程中,可以循环利用的物质有和。
(5)若取VOSO4样品wg,测得消耗a mol·L—1氯酸钾溶液VmL(氯酸钾还原产物为氯化钾),则1kg样品理论上可制得的V2O5质量是 g(用含w、V的代数式表示)。
28.(14分)某校化学兴趣小组在学习了过氧化钠性质后,进一步研究其与SO2反应情况,查阅相关资料
知:过氧化钠与CO2反应有气体生成,而将SO2通入过氧化钠粉末中也有气体生成。
有同学认为:CO2、SO2虽然都是酸性氧化物,但SO2具有较强的还原性,CO2无还原性,反应原理应该不相同,并设计如下实验进行探究。
(1)[提出假设]向一定量的过氧化钠固体中通入足量的SO2,对反应后的固体产物成分及反应原理提出如下假设:
假设一:反应后固体中只有Na2SO3,证明SO2未被氧化;
假设二:反应后固体中只有Na2SO4,证明SO2完全被氧化;
假设三:反应后固体中____________ _____,
证明。
(2)[定性研究]
为验证假设三是否成立,兴趣小组进行如下研究,请你完成下表中内容:
(3)[定量研究]通过测量气体的体积判断发生的化学反应,实验装置如下:
①装置D的作用是。
②实验测得装置C中过氧化钠质量增加了m1g,装置D质量增加了m2g,装置E中收集到的气体为VL(已换算成标准状况下),用上述有关测量数据进行判断
2013高三三模化学答案
7C 8A 9B 10D 11C 12D 13C
25.(1)2,VA,3 (各1分,共3分)
(2)小,氨分子之间可以形成氢键(各1分,2分)
(3)Mg>Al>Na,离子,Mg3N2+6H2O=3M g(O H)2+2NH3↑(各2分,6分)
(4)c2(NH3)/[c(N2)c3(H2)] a=b+c (各2分,4分)
26.(1)2-甲基-1-丁烯;(2分)羟基、醛基。
(2分)
(2)消去反应;(1分) CH3CH=C(CH3)COOCH2C6H5(2分)
(3)
(各2分)
(4)HCOOCH2CH2CH=CH2、、。
(任意两种,各2分)
27.(1)SiO2(1分);在漏斗中加水至浸没沉淀,待水流尽后重复操作(2分)
(2)加入碱中和硫酸,促使平衡正向移动,提高钒的萃取率(或类似表述,如提高RA n(有机层)的浓度、百分含量等)(2分); H2SO4(1分)
(3)NH3·H2O+VO3-=NH4VO3↓+OH-(3分)
(5)氨气(或氨水)、有机萃取剂(2分);
(6)546av/w 克(3分)
28.(1)固体为Na2SO3和Na2SO4的混合物,证明二氧化硫部分被氧化(每空2分,共4分)
(
(其他合理答案均可,如先加足量盐酸,再加BaCl2溶液)(每空2分,共4分)
(3)①吸收未反应的SO2。
(共2分)
②
(每空2分,共4分)。