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Unit 4Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accent1 . A: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the secretary's office is please?B: Yes. It's up the stairs, then turn left, ... ↗2. A: Excuse me. Can you tell me where the toilets are?B: Yes, they're at the top of the stairs.↘3. A: What did you do after work yesterday?B: Ah, well, I went for a drink in the pub opposite the car-park. ↘4. A: What did you do after work yesterday?B: Oh, I ran into Jane and Tom ..... ↗5. A: Excuse me, can you tell me how the machine works?B: Certainly. Erm, first of all you adjust the height of the stool, and then put four10 pence pieces there, ...↗6．A：Excuse me, can you tell me how the machine works?B：Yes. You put 30 pence in the slot and take the ticket out here. ↘Frog legsPeople want frogs mostly for food. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their diets for centuries -- or at least until they have run out of frogs. But the most famous frog-eaters, and the people who inspired frog-eating in Europe and the United States are the French. By 1977 the French government, so concerned about the scarcity of its native frog, banned commercial hunting of its own amphibians. So the French turned to India and Bangladesh for frogs.As happened in France, American frog-leg fanciers and restaurants also turned increasingly to frozen imports. According to figures collected from government agencies, the United States imported more than 6.5 million pounds of frozen frog meat each year between 1981 and 1984.So many frozen frog legs were exported from India to Europe and the United States. One of the attractions of Indian frogs, apart from the fact that they have bigger legs than French frogs, was the price. In London, a pound of frozen frog's legs from India cost about ￡1.75, compared with ￡3.75 for the French variety.Indian scientists have described as "disastrous" the rate at which frogs are disappearing from the rice fields and wetlands, where they protect crops by devouringdamaging insects.ssince the India and Bangladesh frog-export bans, Indonesia has become the major exporter of frog legs to the United States and Europe. But no matter what country the legs come from, one thing is usually constant: The legs once belonged to frogs are taken from the wild, not from farms. Frogs are nearly impossible to farm economically in the countries where frogs are commercially harvested from the wild. Exercise A:1. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their diets for centuries.2. By 1977 the French government banned commercial hunting of its ownamphibians.3. Indian scientists have described as "disastrous" the rate at which frogs aredisappearing from the rice fields and wetlands.4. The United States imported more than 6.5 million pounds of frozen frog meat eachyear between 1981 and 1984.5. One of the attractions of Indian frogs was the price.Exercise B:Frog legsPeople want frogs mostly for food. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their diets for centuries, The most famous frog-eaters, and the people who inspired frog-eating in Europe and the United States are the French. By 1977 the French government banned commercial hunting of its own amphibians. So the French turned to India and Bangladesh for flogs. And the United States imported more than 6.5 million pounds of frozen frog meat each year between 1981 and 1984. One of the attractions of Indian frogs was the price.Indian scientists have described as "disastrous" the rate at which frogs are disappearing from the rice fields and wetlands, where they protect crops by devouring damaging insects.Since the India and Bangladesh frog-export bans, Indonesia has become the major exporter of frog legs to the United States and Europe. But no matter what country the legs come from, one thing is usually constant: The legs once belonged to frogs are taken from the wild. not from farms.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Health ClubInterviewer: Lorna, you and your husband opened this health club here last summer.Can you tell me something about the club?Lama: Yes, well we offer a choice of facilities -- gym, sunbed*, sauna* and Jacuzzi* -- that's also from Scandinavia -- as well as our regularfitness classes, that is. And there's a wholefood bar for refreshmentsafterwardsInterviewer: And does it cost a lot? I mean, most people think health clubs are reallyexpensive.Lama: Actually our rates are really quite competitive. Since we only started last July, we' ve kept them down to attract customers. It's only ￡30 ayear to join. Then an hour in the gym costs ￡2.50 -- the same as halfan hour on the sunbed. Sauna and Jacuzzi are both ~1.50 for half anhour.Interviewer: And is the club doing well?Lama: Well, so far, yes, it's doing really well. I had no idea it was going to be such a success, actually. We're both very pleased. The sunbed's sopopular, especially with the over 65s, that we're getting another one inAugust.Interviewer: What kind of people join the club?Lama: We have people of all ages here, from small children to old-age pensioners, though of course the majority, about three-quarters of ourmembers, are in their 20s and 30s. They come in their lunch hour, touse the gym, mostly, or after work, while the Youngsters come whenschool finishes, around half past three or four. The Jacuzzi's verypopular with the little ones.Interviewer: What about the old-age pensioners?Loma: They're usually around in the mornings, when we offer them special reduced rates for the Jacuzzi or sauna, plus sunbed, it's only ￡2,which is half price, actually. It doesn't affect our profits really -- onlyabout 5% of our members are retired.Dialogue 2 skiinqSimon: This one shows the view from the top of the mountain.Sally: Oh, it's lovely!Teresa: That's me with the red bobble hat.Sally: Is it?Teresa: Yet, it looks kind of silly, doesn't it?Sally: Yes, it does rather.Teresa: Oh, don't worry. I know it looks ridiculous.Simon: Look. That's our instructor, Werner.Teresa: Yeah, we were in the beginners' class.Sally: Well, everyone has to start somewhere.Simon: Ah, now, this is a good one.Sally: What on earth is that?Simon: Can't you guess?Sally: Well, it looks like a pile of people. You know, sort of on top of each other. Teresa: It is!Sally: How did that happen?Simon: Well, you see we were all pretty hopeless at first. Every day Werner used to take us to the nursery slope* to practise, and to get to the top you had to goup on a ski lift.Teresa: Which wasn't really very easy.Simon: No, and if you fell off you'd start sliding down the slope, right into all the people coming up!Sally- Mmm.Simon: Well, on that day we were all going up on the ski lift, you know, we were just getting used to it, and, you see there was this one woman in our classwho never got the hang of* it. She didn't have any sort of control over herskis and whenever she started sliding, she would sort of stick her ski sticksout in front of her, you know, like swords or something.Teresa: I always tried to avoid her, but on that day I was right behind her on the ski lift* and just as she was getting to the top, she slipped and started slidingdown the slope.Sally: Did she? ~Simon: Mmm, with her ski sticks waving around in front of her!Teresa: So of course everyone sort of let go and tried to jump off the ski lift to get out of the way.Simon: And that's how they all ended up in a pile at the bottom of the slope -- it was lucky I had my camera with me.Sally: I bet that woman was popular!Simon oh,yes. everybody's favourite!Exercise A:1. They are looking at some pictures.2. A ski class for beginners.3. Two.Exercise B:Everyday the coach took them to a nursery slope. They got to the top on a ski lift. In their class there was one woman who could never learn how to ski. She couldn't control her skis and whenever she started sliding, she would stick her ski sticks out in front of her. People always tried to avoid her.One day as she was getting to the top, she slipped and started sliding down the slope. Everyone let go and tried to jump off the ski lift to get out of the way and they all ended up in a pile at the bottom of the slope.Port 2 PassagesPassage The Truth about the French!Skiing in France is heaven on Earth for a dedicated skier. There are resorts where you can access skiing terrain that is larger than all the ski resorts in Utah* and Colorado* combined.The larger resorts have an adequate number of restaurants and discos. It is a good idea to eat a good lunch because the mountain restaurants are normally much better than the restaurants in the ski stations.French resorts are mostly government owned and operated. The social system puts a high percentage of money back into the areas. This provides state-of-the-art* lifts, snow making and snow grooming. In general, an intermediate skier who can read a lift map will easily be able to ski all day avoiding lift lines and crowds, even during the busiest season.The French school systems have a staggered* two-week winter vacation period. When the snow is good, nearly all of France migrates to the mountains for this period. The break usually covers the last two weeks of February and the first week of March. The time to absolutely avoid is the "Paris school holiday week" which will always be in the middle period of the vacation time but alternates starting the first or second week of the break.No one has a more undeserved* reputation about his or her character than the French. The French are not generally arrogant and rude. Tree, in large tourist centers there are unpleasant people and if you're looking for or expecting rudeness, you may just provoke* it. Generally the French, especially in the countryside, are as kind as you wish and you will find warmth and acceptance. The most fractious* Frenchman is easily disarmed by a little sincerity*.When greeting someone or saying good-bye, always shake hands. Don't use a firm, pumping handshake, but a quick, slight pressure one. When you enter a room or a sbop you should greet everyone there. If you meet a person you know very well use their first name and kiss both cheeks. Men don't usually kiss unless they are relatives. Good topics of conversation include food, sports, hobbies and where you come from. Topics to avoid are prices, where items were bought, what someone does for a living, income and age. Questions about personal and family life are considered private. Expect to find the French well-informed about the history, culture and politics of other countries. To gain their respect, be prepared to show some knowledge of the history and politics of France.France is generally a very safe country to visit. Pickpockets, however, are not unheard of. In large cities particularly, take precautions against theft. Always secure your vehicles, leave nothing of value visible and don't carry your wallet in your back pocket. Beware of begging children!Exercise A:When greeting someone or saying good-bye, always shake hands. Don't use a firm, pumping handshake, but a quick, slight pressure one. When you enter a room or a shop you should greet everyone there, lf you meet a person you know very well use their first name and kiss both cheeks, men don't usually kiss unless they are relatives. Exercise B:1.C2. A3. A4. B5. B6. C7. D8. D Exercise C:1. Skiing in France is heaven on Earth for a dedicated skier.2. An intermediate skier who can read a lift map will easily be able to ski all day avoiding lift lines and crowds, even during the busiest season.3. This staggered two-week winter vacation period usually covers the last two weeks of February and the first week of March.4. The French are not generally arrogant and rude, They are as kind as you wish.5. In large cities in France, always secure your vehicles, leave nothing of value visible and don't carry your wallet in your back pocket. Beware of begging childrenPart 3 NewsNews Item 1France's busiest airport will reopen part of a terminal that was not damaged when a segment of the roof collapsed in May, killing four people.The Transport Minister Gilles de Robien said a segment of the three-building 2E terminal at Charles de Gaulle airport would return to service on July 15. In the May 23 disaster, failing glass, steel and masonry* killed four travelers -- two Chinese, one Czech* and one Lebanese*. Three others were injured.A preliminary report by experts said Tuesday that a weakness in the concrete that formed the futuristic terminal's vaulted roof may have contributed to the collapse.Officials are still unsure about what exactly caused it to collapse.Exercise A:This news item is about the new information Of France Charles de Gaulle airport where a segment of the roof collapsed in May.Exercise B:News Item 2An Antonov 26 plane crashed in northwestern Congo shortly after take-off on Saturday, killing all 22 Congolese passengers and the crew.It was not known how many crew members were on the plane when it crashed near the town of Boende, more than 600 km northeast of the capital Kinshasa. The cause of the crash was unknown.A string of accidents this week has underlined the parlous* state of Democratic Republic of Congo's transport infrastructure* after five years of war and decades of misrule.More than 160 people drowned when a ferry sank during a storm on Lake Mai-Ndombe, north east of Kinshasa, on Tuesday.On Saturday, 18 people were killed or injured when a small truck experienced brake trouble and crashed near the eastern town of Goma.Exercise A:This news item is about a strine of accidents this week in Congo.Exercise B:News Item 3Exercise A:This news item is about the practice of racial profiling in the United States. Exercise B:Raed Jarrar, an airline passenger, has recently been awarded a total of ___________ in compensation.Section three oral workRetellingThere is a street called "The Strand" in Galveston, where hundreds of thousands of touristsvisit today. This street was Mama's stomping* ground as a kid. Before Mama died, we took a streetcar around Galveston to see all the lovely, restored homes. What a greatday. She knew morethan the tour guide. As we sat enjoying the sights, Mama said, "Liz, do you know why my nose is a little crooked*?" (I thought, "Where did that come from?") "No, Mama, you haven't ever mentioned it," I replied."Well," said mother, "one day I followed my brothers to The Strand, and a streetcar ran overme. I put myself flat down between the rails and pushed my face in the ground so hard, I broke mynose! It sure caused a lot of chaos*. People screamed, the police came, and I just crawled out,brushed myself off and went home. The only thing 1 ever noticed different about me was a crookedI just looked at her nose and looked at Mama in utter disbelief!Section Four Supplementary ExercisesBabies and IntelligenceSome people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.Research scientists at the National Institute of Child Health and Development note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregiver. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other humans. This ability to learn exists in a baby even before birth. They say newborn babies can recognize and understand sounds they heard while they were still developing inside their mothers.The Finnish researchers used devices to measures the babies' brain activity. The researchersplayed recordings of spoken sounds for up to one hour while the babies slept.The head of the study believes that babies can learn while asleep because the part of their brains called the cerebral cortex* remains active at night. The cortex is very important for learning. This part of the brain is not active in adults while they sleep.Many experts say the first years of a child's life are important for all later development. AnAmerican study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children. The study involved more than 1,200 mothers and children. Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. They observed the mothers playing with their children four times during this period.The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children's activities and did not interfere unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old.The children of depressed women did not do as well on tests as the children ofwomen who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly on tests of language skills and understanding what they hear. These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people.Another study suggests that babies who are bigger at birth generally are more intelligent later in life. It found that the intelligence of a child at seven years of age is directly linked to his or her weight at birth. Study organizers say this is probably because heavier babies received more nutrition* during important periods of brain development before they were born.The study involved almost 3,500 children. Researchers in New York City used traditional tests to measure intelligence. Brothers and sisters were tested so that the effects of birth weight alone could be separated from the effects of diet or other considerations.The researchers found that children with higher birth weights generally did better on the intelligence tests. Also, the link between birth weight and intelligence later in life was stronger for boys than for girls.Exercise A:1. Some people thought babies were able to learn things when they were five or six months old.2. Doctors think babies begin learning things on their first day of life.3. Babies communicate with other people by smiling.4. They can recognize and understand sounds they heard while they were still developing inside their mothers.5. Babies can learn while asleep.6. They are important for a child's all later development.Exercise:BYour opinionDirections: Listen to the passage again and give your opinion on the following topics, "Many experts say the first years of a child's life are important for all later development."1. What should mothers do in the first year of a child's life?2. What might affect a child if his parents get divorced in his first year of life?Passage 2 FatigueFatigue is a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy.Fatigue is different from drowsiness. In general, drowsiness is feeling the need to sleep, while fatigue is a lack of energy and motivation. Drowsiness and apathy (a feeling of indifference or not caring about what happens) can be symptoms of fatigue.Fatigue can be a normal and important response to physical exertion, emotional stress, boredom, or lack of sleep. However, it can also be a nonspecific sign of a more serious psychological or , physical disorder. Fatigue that is not relieved by enough sleep, good nutrition, or a low-stress environment should be evaluated by your doctor. Because fatigue is a common complaint, sometimes a potentially serious cause may be overlooked.The pattern of fatigue may help your doctor determine its underlying cause. For example, if you wake up in the morning rested but rapidly develop fatigue with activity, you may have an ongoing pysical condition like an underactive thyroid*. On the other hand, if you wake up with a low level of energy and have fatigue that lasts throughout the day, you may be depressed.Here are some tips for reducing fatigue:●Get adequate, regular, and consistent amounts of sleep each night.●Eat a healthy, well-balanced diet and drink plenty of water throughout the day.●Exercise regularly.●Learn better ways to relax. Try yoga* or meditation*.●Maintain a reasonable work and personal schedule.●Change your stressful circumstances, if possible. For example, switch jobs, take avacation, and deal directly with problems in a relationship.●Take a multivitamin. Talk to your doctor about what you need and what is best foryou.●Avoid alcohol, nicotine*, and drag use.If you have chronic* pain or depression, treating either often helps address the fatigue. However, some antidepressant* medications may cause or worsen fatigue. Your medication may have to be adjusted to avoid this problem. Do not stop or change any medications without instruction from your doctor.Stimulants* (including caffeine) are not effective treatments for fatigue, and canactually make the problem worse when the drugs are discontinued. Sedatives* also tend to intensify fatigue in the long run.Exercise A:Fatigue is a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy. Fatigue is different from drowsiness. In general, drowsiness is feeling the need to sleep, while fatigue is a lack of energy and motivation. Drowsiness and apathy can be symptoms of fatigue. Exercise B:1. D2. A3. B4. D5. A6. B7. C8. C Exercise C:1. Fatigue is a normal and important response to physical exertion, emotional stress, boredom, or lack of sleep.2. Drowsiness and apathy can be symptoms of fatigue.3. Enough sleep, good nutrition, or a low-stress environment can usually relieve fatigue.4. Treatment for chronic pain or depression often helps address fatigue.5. They may cause or worsen fatigue.。
八年级英语教学设计课题Module 4 Seeing the doctor课型写作课序号Unit 2 We have played football for a year now.课标分析学习内容分析学情分析现实问题闭环式学习任务设计随着快速的生活节奏，我们的学生健康问题日益突出，学生需要能辨别健康与不健康的生活方式，能关心自己和他人健康，并给出合理的建议，制定适合的运动计划。
解决问题解决方案英语问题提出问题任务驱动合作交流展示完善抽象概括推广迁移应用了解健康生活方式，讨论哪些适用于中学生，并总结运用.读图猜测，Colin 遇到了哪些健康问题，你会给出什么建议，最后Colin 怎样了？Do a survey about how to keep healthy with your classmates and think about if they have good healthy living ways.学习目标（学习活动+学习主体+（行为程度）+评价活动）free talk 及work in groups. 90%的学生能运用上节课所学的现在完成时进行复述，其他10%在同伴帮助下复述。
通过跟读、自读、查读，85%的学生能准确流利朗读课文。
其他15%同学能读熟、读准文章中的重点短语和句型。
通过分析句子、小组合作，学习重要知识点的用法，95%学生能说出非延续性动词与延续动词转换、目标词汇及句型的意义和用法，并进行变式练习翻译句子。
其他同学能复述出他人总结的句子。
通过组内交流、运用所学目标词汇，80%同学能运用所给提示词描述不健康方式产生的原因，给出建议，采用的健康生活方式，以及健康生活方式之后的改变。
学生勤锻炼，养成健康的作息规律和生活习惯。
重点：运用生活习惯，生活方式的词汇、及句型写作文突破措施：先口头造句练习-----同伴互帮互评-----教师批改----两批三改 难点：非延续性动词与延续动词转换突破措施：自主总结归纳、分类理解记忆、小组互查题型设计层层递进、教师精讲点拨、二次巩固过关教学技术学具准备：课本、笔记本、笔教具准备：电脑、PPT、黑板、粉笔教学实施环节学习内容学生活动评价活动问题预设与补救措施1.融入情境，以旧促新（回扣目标1）根据图片复述课文内容教学内容：回顾文章的内容及结构。
2024年初中英语外研版m4u2教案一、教学内容本节课选自2024年初中英语外研版教材M4 Unit 2，主要内容包括：Grammar focus: the use of “used to” and “be used to”; Vocabulary: words related to changes; Reading: a text about changes in a city; Listening: a conversation about changes in people's lives.二、教学目标1. Students can understand and use the structures “used to” and “be used to” correctly.2. Students can describe changes in their environment and daily lives using appropriate vocabulary.3. Students can improve their reading and listeningskills understanding and interpreting a text and a conversation about changes.三、教学难点与重点1. The correct use of “used to” and “be used to”.2. The description of changes using specific vocabulary.3. Developing reading and listening skills to understand and analyze a text and a conversation.四、教具与学具准备1. Textbook and workbook.3. Handouts with exercises and vocabulary lists.4. Answer keys for selfchecking.五、教学过程1. Introduction (5 minutes)Set a practical context showing pictures of a city before and after changes.Elicit students' ideas about the changes and encourage them to express their opinions.2. Vocabulary presentation (10 minutes)Introduce new vocabulary related to changes, using pictures and examples.Conduct activities to practice the new words, such as matching and group discussions.3. Grammar focus (15 minutes)Explain the use of “used to” and “be used to” with examples.Provide practice exercises for students to use the structures in sentences.4. Reading and listening (15 minutes)Play the listening conversation, and students answer related questions.5. Group work (10 minutes)Divide students into groups and assign tasks to describe changes using the learned vocabulary and grammar structures.6. Guided practice (5 minutes)Provide guided exercises for students to practice reading and listening skills.Offer feedback and corrections to ensure understanding.7. Production (10 minutes)Ask students to create a short dialogue or story about changes in their own lives using the learned vocabulary and grammar.Share and discuss the productions among classmates.六、板书设计1. Write the key vocabulary and grammar structures on the board.2. Use a mindmap to visually represent the changes in the city.3. Include example sentences and exercises for students to refer to during practice.七、作业设计八、课后反思及拓展延伸1. Reflect on the effectiveness of the practical context, vocabulary presentation, and group work activities.2. Consider adjustments for future lessons to enhance student engagement and understanding.3. Extend learning exploring additional resources, such as online videos or articles about changes in different cities or cultures.重点和难点解析1. 教学难点与重点的明确；2. “used to”和“be used to”的正确使用；3. 词汇的呈现与实践；4. 阅读和听力的教学过程；5. 课堂活动的组织与反馈；6. 作业设计与答案提供；7. 课后反思与拓展延伸。
Unit 4Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accent1 . A: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the secretary's office is please B: Yes. It's up the stairs, then turn left, ... ↗2. A: Excuse me. Can you tell me where the toilets areB: Yes, they're at the top of the stairs.↘3. A: What did you do after work yesterdayB: Ah, well, I went for a drink in the pub opposite the car-park. ↘4. A: What did you do after work yesterdayB: Oh, I ran into Jane and Tom ..... ↗5. A: Excuse me, can you tell me how the machine worksB: Certainly. Erm, first of all you adjust the height of the stool, and then put four 10 pence pieces there, ...↗6．A：Excuse me, can you tell me how the machine worksB：Yes. You put 30 pence in the slot and take the ticket out here. ↘Exercise:Part2listening and Note-takingFrog legsPeople want frogs mostly for food. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their diets for centuries -- or at least until they have run out of frogs. But the most famous frog-eaters, and the people who inspired frog-eating in Europe and the United States are the French. By 1977 the French government, so concerned about the scarcity of its native frog, banned commercial hunting of its own amphibians. So the French turned to India and Bangladesh for frogs.As happened in France, American frog-leg fanciers and restaurants also turned increasingly to frozen imports. According to figures collected from government agencies, the United States imported more than million pounds of frozen frog meat each year between 1981 and 1984.So many frozen frog legs were exported from India to Europe and the United States. One of the attractions of Indian frogs, apart from the fact that they have bigger legs than French frogs, was the price. In London, a pound of frozen frog's legs from India cost about ￡, compared with ￡ for the French variety.Indian scientists have described as "disastrous" the rate at which frogs are disappearing from the rice fields and wetlands, where they protect crops by devouring damagingsince the India and Bangladesh frog-export bans, Indonesia has become the major exporter of frog legs to the United States and Europe. But no matter what country the legs come from, one thing is usually constant: The legs once belonged to frogs are taken from the wild, not from farms. Frogs are nearly impossible to farm economically in the countries where frogs are commercially harvested from the wild.Exercise A:1. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their diets forcenturies.2. By 1977 the French government banned commercial hunting of its ownamphibians.3. Indian scientists have described as "disastrous" the rate at whichfrogs are disappearing from the rice fields and wetlands.4. The United States imported more than million pounds of frozen frogmeat each year between 1981 and 1984.5. One of the attractions of Indian frogs was the price.Exercise B:Frog legsPeople want frogs mostly for food. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their diets for centuries, The most famous frog-eaters, and the people who inspired frog-eating in Europe and the United States are the French. By 1977 the French government banned commercial hunting of its own amphibians. So the French turned to India and Bangladesh for flogs.And the United States imported more than million pounds of frozen frog meat each year between 1981 and 1984. One of the attractions of Indian frogs was the price.Indian scientists have described as "disastrous" the rate at which frogs are disappearing from the rice fields and wetlands, where they protect crops by devouring damaging insects.Since the India and Bangladesh frog-export bans, Indonesia has become the major exporter of frog legs to the United States and Europe. But no matter what country the legs come from, one thing is usually constant: The legs once belonged to frogs are taken from the wild. not from farms.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Health ClubInterviewer: Lorna, you and your husband opened this health club here last summer. Can you tell me something about the club Lama: Yes, well we offer a choice of facilities -- gym, sunbed*, sauna* andJacuzzi* -- that's also from Scandinavia -- as well as our regularfitness classes, that is. And there's a wholefood bar for refreshmentsafterwardsInterviewer: And does it cost a lot I mean, most people think health clubs are reallyexpensive.Lama: Actually our rates are really quite competitive. Since we only startedlast July, we' ve kept them down to attract customers. It's only ￡30 ayear to join. Then an hour in the gym costs ￡ -- the same as halfan hour on the sunbed. Sauna and Jacuzzi are both ~ for half anhour.Interviewer: And is the club doing wellLama: Well, so far, yes, it's doing really well. I had no idea itwas going to be such a success, actually. We're both verypleased. The sunbed's so popular, especially with the over65s, that we're getting another one in August. Interviewer: What kind of people join the clubLama: We have people of all ages here, from small children to old-age pensioners, though of course the majority, aboutthree-quarters of our members, are in their 20s and 30s. Theycome in their lunch hour, to use the gym, mostly, or afterwork, while the Youngsters come when school finishes, aroundhalf past three or four. The Jacuzzi's very popular with thelittle ones.Interviewer: What about the old-age pensionersLoma: They're usually around in the mornings, when we offer them special reduced rates for the Jacuzzi or sauna, plus sunbed,it's only ￡2, which is half price, actually. It doesn'taffect our profits really -- only about 5% of our membersare retired.Exercise:Dialogue 2 skiinqSimon: This one shows the view from the top of the mountain.Sally: Oh, it's lovely!Teresa: That's me with the red bobble hat.Sally: Is itTeresa: Yet, it looks kind of silly, doesn't itSally: Yes, it does rather.Teresa: Oh, don't worry. I know it looks ridiculous.Simon: Look. That's our instructor, Werner.Teresa: Yeah, we were in the beginners' class.Sally: Well, everyone has to start somewhere.Simon: Ah, now, this is a good one.Sally: What on earth is thatSimon: Can't you guessSally: Well, it looks like a pile of people. You know, sort of on top of each other.Teresa: It is!Sally: How did that happenSimon: Well, you see we were all pretty hopeless at first. Every day Werner used to take us to the nursery slope* to practise, and toget to the top you had to go up on a ski lift.Teresa: Which wasn't really very easy.Simon: No, and if you fell off you'd start sliding down the slope, right into all the people coming up!Sally- Mmm.Simon: Well, on that day we were all going up on the ski lift, you know, we were just getting used to it, and, you see there was this onewoman in our class who never got the hang of* it. She didn't haveany sort of control over her skis and whenever she started sliding,she would sort of stick her ski sticks out in front of her, youknow, like swords or something.Teresa: I always tried to avoid her, but on that day I was right behind her on the ski lift* and just as she was getting to the top, sheslipped and started sliding down the slope.Sally: Did she ~Simon: Mmm, with her ski sticks waving around in front of her!Teresa: So of course everyone sort of let go and tried to jump off the ski lift to get out of the way.Simon: And that's how they all ended up in a pile at the bottom of the slope -- it was lucky I had my camera with me.Sally: I bet that woman was popular!Simon oh,yes. everybody's favourite!Exercise A:1. They are looking at some pictures.2. A ski class for beginners.3. Two.Exercise B:Everyday the coach took them to a nursery slope. They got to the top on a ski lift. In their class there was one woman who could never learn how to ski. She couldn't control her skis and whenever she started sliding, she would stick her ski sticks out in front of her. People always tried to avoid her.One day as she was getting to the top, she slipped and started sliding down the slope. Everyone let go and tried to jump off the ski lift to get out of the way and they all ended up in a pile at the bottom of the slope. Port 2 PassagesPassage The Truth about the French!Skiing in France is heaven on Earth for a dedicated skier. There are resorts where you can access skiing terrain that is larger than all the ski resorts in Utah* and Colorado* combined.The larger resorts have an adequate number of restaurants and discos. It is a good idea to eat a good lunch because the mountain restaurants are normally much better than the restaurants in the ski stations.French resorts are mostly government owned and operated. The social system puts a high percentage of money back into the areas. This provides state-of-the-art* lifts, snow making and snow grooming. In general, an intermediate skier who can read a lift map will easily be able to ski all day avoiding lift lines and crowds, even during the busiest season.The French school systems have a staggered* two-week winter vacation period. When the snow is good, nearly all of France migrates to themountains for this period. The break usually covers the last two weeks of February and the first week of March. The time to absolutely avoid is the "Paris school holiday week" which will always be in the middle period of the vacation time but alternates starting the first or second week of the break.No one has a more undeserved* reputation about his or her character than the French. The French are not generally arrogant and rude. Tree, in large tourist centers there are unpleasant people and if you're looking for or expecting rudeness, you may just provoke* it. Generally the French, especially in the countryside, are as kind as you wish and you will find warmth and acceptance. The most fractious* Frenchman is easily disarmed by a little sincerity*.When greeting someone or saying good-bye, always shake hands. Don't use a firm, pumping handshake, but a quick, slight pressure one. When you enter a room or a sbop you should greet everyone there. If you meet a person you know very well use their first name and kiss both cheeks. Men don't usually kiss unless they are relatives. Good topics of conversation include food, sports, hobbies and where you come from. Topics to avoid are prices, where items were bought, what someone does for a living, income and age. Questions about personal and family life are considered private. Expect to find the French well-informed about the history, culture and politics of othercountries. To gain their respect, be prepared to show some knowledge of the history and politics of France.France is generally a very safe country to visit. Pickpockets, however, are not unheard of. In large cities particularly, take precautions against theft. Always secure your vehicles, leave nothing ofvalue visible and don't carry your wallet in your back pocket. Beware of begging children!Exercise A:When greeting someone or saying good-bye, always shake hands. Don't use a firm, pumping handshake, but a quick, slight pressure one. When you enter a room or a shop you should greet everyone there, lf you meet a person you know very well use their first name and kiss both cheeks, men don't usually kiss unless they are relatives.Exercise B:2. A3. A4. B5. B6. C7. D8. D Exercise C:1. Skiing in France is heaven on Earth for a dedicated skier.2. An intermediate skier who can read a lift map will easily be able to ski all day avoiding lift lines and crowds, even during the busiest season.3. This staggered two-week winter vacation period usually covers the last two weeks of February and the first week of March.4. The French are not generally arrogant and rude, They are as kind as you wish.5. In large cities in France, always secure your vehicles, leave nothing of value visible and don't carry your wallet in your back pocket. Beware of begging childrenPart 3 NewsNews Item 1France's busiest airport will reopen part of a terminal that was not damaged when a segment of the roof collapsed in May, killing four people. The Transport Minister Gilles de Robien said a segment of thethree-building 2E terminal at Charles de Gaulle airport would return to service on July 15. In the May 23 disaster, failing glass, steel and masonry* killed four travelers -- two Chinese,one Czech* and one Lebanese*. Three others were injured.A preliminary report by experts said Tuesday that a weakness in the concrete that formed the futuristic terminal's vaulted roof may have contributed to the collapse.Officials are still unsure about what exactly caused it to collapse. Exercise A:This news item is about the new information Of France Charles de Gaulle airport where a segment of the roof collapsed in May.Exercise B:News Item 2An Antonov 26 plane crashed in northwestern Congo shortly after take-off on Saturday, killing all 22 Congolese passengers and the crew.It was not known how many crew members were on the plane when it crashed near the town of Boende, more than 600 km northeast of the capital Kinshasa. The cause of the crash was unknown.A string of accidents this week has underlined the parlous* state of Democratic Republic of Congo's transport infrastructure* after five years of war and decades of misrule.More than 160 people drowned when a ferry sank during a storm on Lake Mai-Ndombe, north east of Kinshasa, on Tuesday.On Saturday, 18 people were killed or injured when a small truck experienced brake trouble and crashed near the eastern town of Goma. Exercise A:This news item is about a strine of accidents this week in Congo. Exercise B:A String of Accidents This WeekNews Item 3Exercise A:This news item is about the practice of racial profiling in the UnitedStates.Exercise B:Raed Jarrar, an airline passenger, has recently been awarded a total of ___________in compensation.Section three oral workRetellingThere is a street called "The Strand" in Galveston, where hundredsof thousands of touristsvisit today. This street was Mama's stomping* ground as a kid. Before Mamadied, we took a streetcar around Galveston to see all the lovely, restoredhomes. What a great day. She knew morethan the tour guide. As we sat enjoying the sights, Mama said, "Liz, doyou know why my nose is a little crooked*" (I thought, "Where did thatcome from") "No, Mama, you haven't ever mentioned it," I replied."Well," said mother, "one day I followed my brothers to The Strand,and a streetcar ran overme. I put myself flat down between the rails and pushed my face in theground so hard, I broke mynose! It sure caused a lot of chaos*. People screamed, the police came,and I just crawled out,brushed myself off and went home. The only thing 1 ever noticed differentabout me was a crookedI just looked at her nose and looked at Mama in utter disbelief!Section Four Supplementary ExercisesBabies and IntelligenceSome people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.Research scientists at the National Institute of Child Health and Development note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes.A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregiver. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other humans. This ability to learn exists in a baby even before birth. They say newborn babies can recognize and understand sounds they heard while they were still developing inside their mothers.The Finnish researchers used devices to measures the babies' brain activity. The researchersplayed recordings of spoken sounds for up to one hour while the babies slept.The head of the study believes that babies can learn while asleep because the part of their brains called the cerebral cortex* remains active at night. The cortex is very important for learning. This part of the brain is not active in adults while they sleep.Many experts say the first years of a child's life are important for all later development. AnAmerican study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children. The study involved more than 1,200 mothers and children. Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. They observed the mothers playing with their children four times during this period.The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers.The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children's activities and did not interfere unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old. The children of depressed women did not do as well on tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly on tests of language skills and understanding what they hear. These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people.Another study suggests that babies who are bigger at birth generally are more intelligent later in life. It found that the intelligence of a child at seven years of age is directly linked to his or her weight at birth. Study organizers say this is probably because heavier babies received more nutrition* during important periods of brain development before they were born.The study involved almost 3,500 children. Researchers in New York City used traditional tests to measure intelligence. Brothers and sisters were tested so that the effects of birth weight alone could be separated from the effects of diet or other considerations.The researchers found that children with higher birth weights generally did better on the intelligence tests. Also, the link between birth weight and intelligence later in life was stronger for boys than for girls.Exercise A:1. Some people thought babies were able to learn things when they were five or six months old.2. Doctors think babies begin learning things on their first day of life.3. Babies communicate with other people by smiling.4. They can recognize and understand sounds they heard while they were still developing inside their mothers.5. Babies can learn while asleep.6. They are important for a child's all later development.Exercise:BStudy 1Study 2Exercise C:Your opinionDirections: Listen to the passage again and give your opinion on the following topics,"Many experts say the first years of a child's life are important for all later development."1. What should mothers do in the first year of a child's life2. What might affect a child if his parents get divorced in his first year of lifePassage 2 FatigueFatigue is a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy.Fatigue is different from drowsiness. In general, drowsiness is feeling the need to sleep, while fatigue is a lack of energy and motivation. Drowsiness and apathy (a feeling of indifference or not caring about what happens) can be symptoms of fatigue.Fatigue can be a normal and important response to physical exertion, emotional stress, boredom, or lack of sleep. However, it can also be a nonspecific sign of a more serious psychological or , physical disorder. Fatigue that is not relieved by enough sleep, good nutrition, or a low-stress environment should be evaluated by your doctor. Because fatigue is a common complaint, sometimes a potentially serious cause may be overlooked.The pattern of fatigue may help your doctor determine its underlyingcause. For example, if you wake up in the morning rested but rapidly develop fatigue with activity, you may have an ongoing pysical condition like an underactive thyroid*. On the other hand, if you wake up with a low level of energy and have fatigue that lasts throughout the day, you may be depressed.Here are some tips for reducing fatigue:Get adequate, regular, and consistent amounts of sleep each night.Eat a healthy, well-balanced diet and drink plenty of water throughout the day.Exercise regularly.Learn better ways to relax. Try yoga* or meditation*.Maintain a reasonable work and personal schedule.Change your stressful circumstances, if possible. For example, switch jobs, take a vacation, and deal directly with problems in a relationship.Take a multivitamin. Talk to your doctor about what you need and what is best for you.Avoid alcohol, nicotine*, and drag use.If you have chronic* pain or depression, treating either often helps address the fatigue. However, some antidepressant* medications may cause or worsen fatigue. Your medication may have to be adjusted to avoid this problem. Do not stop or change any medications without instruction from your doctor.Stimulants* (including caffeine) are not effective treatments for fatigue, and can actually make the problem worse when the drugs are discontinued. Sedatives* also tend to intensify fatigue in the long run. Exercise A:Fatigue is a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy. Fatigue is different from drowsiness. In general, drowsiness is feeling the need to sleep, while fatigue is a lack of energy and motivation. Drowsiness and apathy can be symptoms of fatigue.Exercise B:1. D2. A3. B4. D5. A6. B7. C8. CExercise C:1. Fatigue is a normal and important response to physical exertion, emotional stress, boredom, or lack of sleep.2. Drowsiness and apathy can be symptoms of fatigue.3. Enough sleep, good nutrition, or a low-stress environment can usually relieve fatigue.4. Treatment for chronic pain or depression often helps address fatigue.5. They may cause or worsen fatigue.。
全新版大学英语(第二版)听说教程第四册听力原文Unit 1 One WorldPart BBirthday Celebrations Around the WorldChairman: Welcome to this special birthday edition of One World. Yes, folks, we've been on the air for exactly one year now, and we thought it would be a nice idea to have a special program dedicated to birthday celebrations around the world. With us in the studio tonight we have Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane, who have a weekly column on birthdays in the Toronto Daily Star.Shaheen: Good evening.Pat: Good evening.Chairman: Shaheen, perhaps we could begin with you. How are birthdays celebrated in India? Shaheen: Well, perhaps we're all assuming that everyone in the world celebrates their birthday. This just isn't the case. Low-income families in India, for instance, simply can't afford any festivities. And most Muslims don't celebrate their birthdays.Pat: I think Shaheen has raised an interesting point here. The Christian church, too, was actively against celebrating birthdays, and in any case most people, until a couple of hundred years ago, couldn't even read and wouldn't have even been able to spot their birthday on a calendar anyway. Shaheen: Of course some Muslims do celebrate their birthdays. In Egypt, Turkey and Indonesia, for example, the rich people invite friends and families around. But not in small villages. Chairman: Here in England your twenty-first used to be the big one. But now it seems to have moved to eighteen. Is that true?Pat: Yes, in most parts of the West eighteen is now the most important birthday. In Finland, for example, eighteen is the age when you can vote, you know, or buy wines, drive a car and so on. But in Japan I think you have to wait till you're twenty before you can smoke or drink. Shaheen: I know in Senegal, which is another Muslim country, girls get to vote at sixteen and boys at eighteen. And in Bangladesh, girls at eighteen and boys at twenty-one.Chairman: That's interesting. I mean is it typical that around the world girls are considered to be more mature than boys?Shaheen: Yes, I think so, and there are some countries, particularly in South America, which have a big party only for girls. In Mexico and Argentina, for example, they have enormous parties for 15-year-old girls.Pat: You know in Norway they have a great party for anyone who's not married by the time they're thirty. It's kind of embarrassing. I mean you get pepper thrown at you.Chairman: Pepper? Why pepper?Pat: I'm not really sure.Shaheen: So does that mean that on your 29th birthday you can start thinking 'God I better getmarried'?Pat: Well, I'm not sure how seriously they take it.Chairman: In England we have quite big parties for your fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth and so on. Pat: Well, in Japan your eighty-eighth is considered ...Chairman: Eighty-eighth?Pat: ... to be the luckiest birthday. Eight is a very lucky number in Japan.Questions:1. What is One World?2. What is the topic of the program?3. What do Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane do?4. Why don't some people in India celebrate their birthdays?5. Why is the eighteenth birthday so important in Finland?6. Why can girls in some countries get to vote at an earlier age than boys?7. Which of the countries mentioned in the text are Muslim countries?Part COne World One MinuteOne World One Minute is a unique film project that invites participants in every country around the globe to record, simultaneously, one minute of their lives, one minute of our world. Sponsors of this project have chosen 12:48 GMT, September 11th 2002 as the one minute to record. At that moment exactly a year earlier began the terrorist attacks that led to the deaths of more than 2,000 people from over 60 countries. For many this will be a time of remembrance and reflection. And for others this will be an appropriate time for international communication, cooperation and sharing. It will offer them an opportunity to share a moment of their world and their life with others, an opportunity to both talk to and listen to the world, to join with others around the globe and create a truly unique record and experience. This is the idea behind the project One World One Minute.Participants are free to choose what and how to record their One Minute. Some may want to take photographs, some paint or draw pictures, while others may want to write something and record their readings. The material can be submitted to the project organizers in Scotland via e-mail or post within 6 weeks of September 11th. All the material will then be made into a feature-length film, which will capture that One Minute of our existence.The film will explore the rich diversity that is both humanity and our world. It will allow a voice to all people regardless of nationality, religion, race, political viewpoint, gender or age. The rich diversity that is Humanity shall be there for all to see.Participants will not only be kept informed of the progress of the film and the release process but will be invited to actively participate through newsletters and discussion forums.When the film is finished, it will be shown in every country of the world, both in cinemas and on TV. Contributors will be invited to attend the premiere of the film in their respective countries and will receive a full screen credit on the finished production.Unit 2 Anti- SmokingPart BLast Gasp for SmokersIt was a normal day and in their New York office, Ken and his colleagues stopped for their coffee break. But while his colleagues were able to sit at their desks and drink their coffee, Ken had to go outside. He couldn't stay inside, because he wanted to smoke. If the smokers of the Big Apple want to enjoy a cigarette, the authorities have decided they must go out into the street or up onto the rooftops.Throughout the United States, the number of places where people are allowed to smoke has gradually dwindled. First it was banned on trains, buses, and planes, then in public places such as theaters and airports. Now you can't smoke in any workplace. Nonsmokers are definitely winning the battle. "Why should we breathe their smoke?" they say.If they're lucky, smokers can still find some bars and restaurants or parks and recreation centers where they can light up a cigarette, but it may soon be banned there, too. In fact, smoking in parks and recreation centers is already banned in California. On August 9, 2001, Los Angeles City and County officials announced the implementation of a smoke-free park policy, officially designating smoke-free zones in all 375 parks and recreation centers in the city. And since January 1, 2002 all parks in California have become smoke-free to safeguard children from the harmful effects of secondhand tobacco smoke and dangerous tobacco waste. Anti-smoking groups even think that smoking ought to be banned in people's homes. Under new plans you won't be able to smoke in any house where there are more than ten visitors in a week, or where there are children.In 1996, nicotine was classed as a drug, like cannabis, cocaine or heroin. And scientists all over the world agree that exposure to secondhand smoke poses a serious health risk and there is no safe level of exposure. It is especially dangerous for children because when they are exposed to tobacco smoke, they have much higher rates of lung diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia and are also at greater risks of developing asthma.In the country that gave tobacco to the world, smoking might one day be illegal. Andthen Ken will have to give up.Questions:1. What is the main idea of the passage you've heard?2. What does the speaker think about banning smoking in public places?3. Where is smoking not banned according to the passage?4. Which of the following is true about nicotine?5. What can be inferred from the sentence "In the country that gave tobacco to the world, smoking might one day be illegal"?Unit 3 MemoryPart BHow Our Memory WorksHuman beings have amazing memories. Apart from all our personal memories about our own lives, we can recall between 20,000 and 100,000 words in our own language as well as possibly thousands more in a foreign language. We have all sorts of information about different subjects such as history, science, and geography, and we have complex skills such as driving a car or playing a musical instrument. All these things and countless others depend on our memory.How well you remember things depends on many different factors. Firstly, somepeople naturally have better memories than others, in just the same way as some people are taller than others, or have different color eyes. Some top chess players, for example, can remember every move of every game that they have ever seen or played.Secondly, research shows that different things are stored in different parts of the brain. Ideas, words, and numbers are stored in the left-hand side, while the right-hand side remembers images, sounds, and smells. In most people one side of the brain is more developed than the other, and this may explain why some people can remember people's faces easily, but can't remember their names.Thirdly, we all remember exciting, frightening, or dramatic events more easily. This is because these experiences produce chemicals such as adrenaline, which boost your memory. They say that anyone who is old enough to remember knows exactly where they were on Tuesday, September 11, 2001, when radio and TV programs around the world were interrupted with the shocking news that the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York were hit.Fourthly, the context in which you learn something can affect how well you remember it. Tests on divers, for example, showed that when they learned things underwater, they could also remember those things best when they were underwater.Lastly, the more often you recall a memory the more likely you are to remember it. If you don't use it, you'll lose it. A telephone number that you dial frequently will stay in your memory easily, but you will probably have to write down one that you use only now and again.Questions:1. What does the passage mainly tell us?2. What can be inferred from the passage?3. Which of the following is stated to be true?4. Why can we remember exciting, dramatic, or frightening events better?Unit 4 Dealing with Cultural DifferencesUnit 2Part BEmbarrassing Experiences (Part One)Interviewer: Rob, you went to Brazil, didn't you?Rob: Yes, I did.Interviewer: So, what happened?Rob: Well, I went into this meeting and there were about, er... seven or eight people in there and I just said 'Hello' to everybody and sat down. Apparently, what I should have done is to go round the room shaking hands with everyone individually. Well, you know, it's silly of me because I found out later it upset everyone. I mean, I think they felt I was taking them for granted.Kate: Well, I know that because when I was in France the first time, I finished a meeting , with 'Goodbye, everyone!' to all the people in the room. There were about half a dozen people there but I was in a hurry to leave, so I just said that and left. Well, I later found out that what I should have done is shake hands with everyone in the group before leaving. Now, apparently, it's the polite thing to do.Interviewer: Well, people shake hands in different ways, don't they?Rob: Oh, yes, that's right, they do. See, normally I shake hands quite gently when I meet someone. So when I went to the US for the first time, I think people there thought my weak handshake was a sign of weakness. Apparently, people there tend to shake hands quitefirmly.Kate: Oh, gosh, you know, that reminds me: on my first trip to Germany, it was a long time ago, I was introduced to the boss in the company when he passed us in the corridor. Well, I wasn't prepared, and I mean, I had my left hand in my pocket. And when we shook hands I realized my left hand was still in my pocket. Well, that was, you know, very bad manners and I was quite embarrassed.Interviewer: And how about using first names? Have you made any mistakes there?Rob: Oh, yes, I have! When I first went to Italy I thought it was OK to use everyone's first name so as to seem friendly. And I later discovered that in business you shouldn't use someone's first name unless you are invited to. Oh, and you should always use their title as well.Kate: Hm, yeah, well, when I met people in Russia, you know, they seemed to be puzzled when I shook hands with them and said 'How do you do?' Well, what they do when they greet a stranger is to say their own names, so I had that all wrong!Rob: Oh, yes, I agree with that. Remembering names is very important.Interviewer: Shall we take a break? When we come back we'll move on to our next topic. Kate & Rob: OK.Questions:1. What is the conversation mainly about?2. Who might be the people Rob and Kate met in various countries?3. What can we infer about Kate and Rob from the conversation?4. Which countries has Kate visited, according to the conversation?5. Which countries has Rob visited, according to the conversation?6. What is the main message that the speakers want to tell us?Unit 5 FriendshipPart B The Hospital WindowJack and Ben, both seriously ill, occupied the same hospital room. Jack, whose bed was next to the room's only window, was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs. But Ben had to spend all day and night flat on his bed. To kill time the two men began to talk. They talked for hours about their wives, families, their homes, their jobs, their involvement in the military service, and where they had been on vacation. As days went by, a deep friendship began to develop between them.Every afternoon when Jack could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to Ben all the things he could see outside the window. And Ben began to live for those one-hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and color of the world outside.The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake. Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats. Young lovers walked arm in arm amid flowers of every color of the rainbow. Grand old trees beautified the landscape, and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance.As Jack described all this in exquisite detail, Ben would close his eyes and imagine the picturesque scenes.One warm afternoon Jack described a parade passing by. Although Ben couldn't hear the band -- he could see it in his mind's eye as Jack portrayed it with descriptive words.Days and weeks passed. One morning the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find the lifeless body of Jack, who had died peacefully in his sleep. She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away.Ben was heart broken. Life without Jack was even more unbearable. How he longed to hear Jack's voice and his melodious descriptions of the outside world! As he looked at the window, an idea suddenly occurred to him. Perhaps he could see for himself what it was like outside. As soon as it seemed appropriate, Ben asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch, and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone.Slowly, painfully, he propped himself up on one elbow to take his first look at the world outside. Finally, he would have the joy of seeing it for himself! He strained to slowly turn to look out the window beside the bed. It faced a blank wall!'What could have compelled my roommate to describe such wonderful things outside this window?' Ben asked the nurse when she returned.'Perhaps he just wanted to encourage you to live on,' she said. 'You know, he was blind and could not even see the wall.'Questions:1. What does the story mainly tell us?2. Which of the following adjectives can best describe Jack?3. What did Jack describe to Ben according to the story?Part CAdditional ListeningShort ConversationsConversation 1:M: How do you like your roommate, Debby?W: Ever since we met on the first day of college, we've been inseparable.Q: What do you know about Debby and her roommate?Conversation 2:M: Have you heard from Linda lately? You two were so intimate in college.W: Well, honestly, I haven't heard from her as much as I used to since she moved to the east coast two months ago. But I'm sure the friendship between us is as strong as it was before.Q: What can you infer from the woman’s response?Conversation 3:W: Do you keep in touch with your old friends back home now that you don't see them regularly?M: Frankly, after I moved to this city, I'm out of touch with most of them except a few close ones.Q: What does the man mean?Conversation 4:W: It's polite to call a friend before we visit, isn't it?M: You're right. People usually don't like surprise visits. But close friends often drop in on each other.Q: What does the man mean?Conversation 5:M: Cathy, it seems that you and Sally do almost everything together.W: That's true. You see, we were born on the same day. We both majored in fashion designing. And we even have the same love for using bright-colored material in our designs. Isn't it amazing!Q: What can we learn from the conversation?Unit 6 SuccessPart B: college hunks of junkIt's the universal cry of parents, generally heard by the second day of college breaks: "Get a job!" Omar Soliman's mother joined the chorus; she was not about to have her son hanging out at the neighborhood pool all summer. "You have to do something," she told him.每当大学假期的第二天，我们到处都可以听到父母的唠叨:“去找一个工作!”奥马尔?索利曼的母亲也加入了这些父母的行列;她不希望自己的儿子整天泡在社区的游泳池里。
Unit 2Part BEmbarrassing Experiences (Part One)Interviewer: Rob, you went to Brazil, didn't you?Rob: Y es, I did.Interviewer: So, what happened?Rob: Well, I went into this meeting and there were about, er... seven or eight people in there and I just said 'Hello' to everybody and sat down. Apparently, what I should have done is to go round the room shaking hands with everyone individually. Well, you know, it's silly of me because I found out later it upset everyone. I mean, I think they felt I was taking them for granted.Kate: Well, I know that because when I was in France the first time, I finished a meeting , with 'Goodbye, everyone!' to all the people in the room. There were about half a dozen people there but I was in a hurry to leave, so I just said that and left. Well, I later found out that what I should have done is shake hands with everyone in the group before leaving. Now, apparently, it's the polite thing to do.Interviewer: Well, people shake hands in different ways, don't they?Rob: Oh, yes, that's right, they do. See, normally I shake hands quite gently when I meet someone. So when I went to the US for the first time, I think people there thought my weak handshake was a sign of weakness. Apparently, people there tend to shake hands quite firmly.Kate: Oh, gosh, you know, that reminds me: on my first trip to Germany, it was a long time ago, I was introduced to the boss in the company when he passed us in the corridor. Well, I wasn't prepared, and I mean, I had my left hand in my pocket. And when we shook hands I realized my left hand was still in my pocket. Well, that was, you know, very bad manners and I was quite embarrassed.Interviewer: And how about using first names? Have you made any mistakes there?Rob: Oh, yes, I have! When I first went to Italy I thought it was OK to use everyone's first name so as to seem friendly. And I later discovered that in business you shouldn't use someone's first name unless you are invited to. Oh, and you should always use their title as well.Kate: Hm, yeah, well, when I met people in Russia, you know, they seemed to be puzzled when Ishook hands with them and said 'How do you do?' Well, what they do when they greet a stranger is to say their own names, so I had that all wrong!Rob: Oh, yes, I agree with that. Remembering names is very important.Interviewer: Shall we take a break? When we come back we'll move on to our next topic.Kate & Rob: OK.1. What is the conversation mainly about?2. Who might be the people Rob and Kate met in various countries?3. What can we infer about Kate and Rob from the conversation?4. Which countries has Kate visited, according to the conversation?5. Which countries has Rob visited, according to the conversation?6. What is the main message that the speakers want to tell us?Part CAdditional ListeningAmerican PartiesAs you would imagine, Americans move about a great deal at parties. At small gatherings they may sit down, but as soon as there are more people than chairs in a room - a little before this point - you will see first one and then another make some excuse to get to his feet to fetch a drink or greet a friend or open a window until soon everyone is standing, moving around, chatting with one group and then another. Sitting becomes static beyond a certain point. We expect people to move about and be "self-starters". It is quite normal for Americans to introduce themselves; they will drift around a room , stopping to talk wherever they like, introducing themselves and their companions. If this happens, you are expected to reply by giving your name and introducing the person with you; then at least the men generally shake hands. Sometimes the women do so as well, but often they merely nod and smile. A man usually shakes a woman's hand only if she extends it. Otherwise he too just nods and greets her.Statements:1. We can't imagine that Americans do not like big parties and they prefer going around at parties.2. At small parties they may sit down, but as more people come, they would stand up and move about.3. The reason why Americans like to stand is that they like the free atmosphere of the party.4. The meaning of "self-starters" is that Americans help themselves to drinks during the parties.5. Americans are more open-minded than British people according to the passage.6. If a woman doesn't extend her hand to a man at the party, he should not shakes hands with the woman.7. The passage shows a unique aspect of American culture.Embarrassing Experiences (Part Two)Interviewer: Let's go on with our talk. What do you think of business cards, Rob?Rob: I found them very useful when I was in Japan not so long ago. Each person can clearly see the other's name and the job title on the card. And I found out that you have to treat business cards with respect. What you've got to do is hold them with both hands and then read them very carefully. What happened to me was the first time I just took a man's card with one hand and put it straight into my pocket.Interviewer: What other advice do you have, Kate?Kate: Well, one time I unintentionally caused some problems when I was in China. Well, I was trying to make a joke when I pretended to criticize my business associate for being late for a meeting. And he was embarrassed, I mean, he was really embarrassed instead of being amused. Now you shouldn't criticize people in China or embarrass them. I mean, you must avoid confrontation. That's for sure!Rob: Oh, I must tell you about the first time I was in Mexico! I have to admit I found it a bit strange when business associates there touched me on the arm and the shoulder. Well, I tried to move away and, of course, they thought I was being very, very unfriendly. Apparently, it's quiteusual there for men to touch each other in, you know, in a friendly way. Oh ... oh, and another thing, the first time I went to Korea I thought it was polite not to look someone in the eye too much. The Koreans I met seemed to be staring at me when I spoke, which seemed, you know, a bit odd at first. In Korea, eye contact conveys sincerity and it shows you're paying attention to the speaker.Kate: Oh, well, it seemed strange because you British don't look at each other so much when you're talking to each other. I mean, you look away, you know, most of the time. I found this hard to deal with when I first came to the UK, because people seemed to be embarrassed when I looked at them while they were speaking to me.Interviewer: So what's the thing visitors to Britain should avoid most?Rob: Well, I don't think we're all that sensitive, do you, Kate?Kate: Ohoo, well, I'll tell you, I made a big mistake when I was in Scotland. I found myself referring to the UK as "England" and to the British as "the English". Now, I know that would be just as bad in Wales, I guess.Rob: Y es, it certainly would!。
Unit1LessonAActivity 1Listen to Mary and Blake talking about her paper. Then answer the question.B;What are you working on, Mary?M:I?m finishing my paper. It?s due tomorrow,Blake.B:What?s the topic?M:It?s about Greenland.B:Greenland. Hmmm --- that?s part of Canada, right?M:I think you need to study your world geography, Blake.B:Well, isn?t it near Canada?M:Yes, it?s off the coast of northeast Canada, but it?s part of Denmark. B:Oh, I didn?t know that. Well, what?s your paper about exactly?In M:In my paper, I answer the question “Is Greenland really green?” other words, is Greenland covered by a lot of plants and trees?B:Is it?M:What do you think?B:Let?s see --- Greenland is in the Arctic Circle --- way up north. It?s cold, --- so “Is Greenland really green?” I?d answer “probably not.”M:You?d be correct. It?s too cold here. In the north, a lot of the ground is frozen. The summers are short, so only the surface thaws.B:That sounds tough.M:It?s hard for the construction industry. It?s not easy to build inGreenland.B:It sounds so harsh. Why would anyone want to go there?M:There are big mountain ranges on the coasts. They?re great for hikingand outdoor sports. And there are lots of animals there. You cansometimes see whales swimming in the harbors.B:That sounds cool! Ok, so if it?s not really a “green” place, why was named “Greenland”？M:The first settlers wanted to attract other people. They gave it anattractive name.Activity 2Jay and Elise are talking about an accident. Listen and check the correctpicture.J:Come in here, Elise. You should see this show!E:What is it?J:It's called "The Titanic of the Sky." It's about the Hindenburg, a greatengineering feat.E:The Hindenburg ...J:You know, that giant zeppelin that crashed in 1934. Thirty-five peopledied.E:Oh yeah, I remember now. It was flying from Germany to the UnitedStates. It crashed as it was landing.J:Right. It's so funny looking, don't you think? It doesn't look anything like the airplanes as have today.E:That's true. Why would people ride in a zeppelin anyway? It seems so dangerous.J:Well, some people called the Hindenburg "man's greatest achievement in flight." They thought it was safe, I guess.E:Who rode in it anyway?J:Mostly wealthy people. It accommodated between 30 and 40 passengers and crew. One person said it was like a "flying hotel."E:It sounds pretty great.J:Yeah, and it was fast. That's why people rode it. They wanted to get to their destination faster.E:Why didn't they just take a jet plane?J:Elise! You know they didn't have jets back then. Look, in 1934 it tookfive days to travel from Germany to the U.S. by ship. The zeppelin could do it in half that time. It was speedy.E:Well, maybe I'll sit down and watch a little bit. Maybe I'll learn something ...Activity 3Listen to the conversation and check the correct picture.J:I think we should buy a bigger car. Big cars are safer.K:Yes, but on the other hand, they consume more oil.J:They also look really cool.K:That's true, but there are some SUVs which are not big but also very beautiful.J:And 1 think big cars are more fun to drive.K:But then again, it's very expensive.J:Well, let's get more information about several kinds of cars, okay? Activity 44-1-9 Listen to someone person talking about famous buildings in his country and fill in the blanks with information you hear.My country has two very famous buildings called the Petronas Towers. The buildings are made of glass, steel, and concrete. They were designed by an American architect, but he used a Malaysian style. They were finished in 1998, and they were the tallest buildings in the world at that time. Each tower has 88 floors, and is 452 meters high. I really like the Petronas Towers. They show both the modern and the traditional side of my country.4-1-10 Listen to a talk on controversies about modern buildings. Then fill in the blanks to complete the sentences.Modern buildings: We love them. We hate themThe world-famous Louvre Museum in Paris is almost 500 years old, and it faced a very modern problem: There simply wasn't enough space for sixmillion visitors each year. In 1989, American architect I.M. Pei designeda striking glass pyramid in the building's center to be a visitor entrance and shopping arcade. But he also started an angry debate. Some people felt his glass building was a piece of art, like the ones inside the museum. Others said it was just an ugly, modern mistake.Kyoto, Japan, is the country's ancient capital, and the heart of its culture. Its railroad station was too small for the millions of visitors. In 1997, the city completed a new station in a huge shopping center, right in the oldest part of the city. Designed by Hiroshi Hara, the building also contains a hotel and department store. Before it was built, critics said that the high, wide, modern building would destroy the city's traditional look. On the other hand, supporters said it would bring new life into the city center.LessonB4-1-1Alejandra:One of the most beautiful natural wonders I?ve seen are the glaciers in the south of Argentina.Nick:The Matterhorn, which is a mountain in Switzerland, is one of the most beautiful places I?ve ever seen. My dad and I climbed about halfway, and once we got there it started snowing so we had to turn back. Catherine:I climbed up to Everest Base Camp. All of a sudden, you look up and there?s t his huge mountain that everyone?s t alked about, thateveryone?s photographed, and you?ve seen what it?s like in pictures but you?ve never seen it in person.Kumiko:Mt. Fuji is really beaut iful from far away. When you climb it, it?s just rocks and dirt --- but it?s really beautiful from far away.Natalie:I went to Niagara Falls for a family reunion. It was one of the most memorable times of my life because I got to be around people who I love --- my family. And it was also one of the most beautiful sites thatI?ve ever seen.4-1-3Kevin:The most impressive man-made wonder that I have seen is the Great Wall of China. The Great Wall took several thousands of people to build, it stretches many, many miles throughout China, and it was madein a period where we didn?t have all the technological advancements --- like cranes and lifts.Gian:Last year I was in San Francisco and I had a chance to drive across the Golden Gate Bridge. What an amazing feat of engineering. It gives you a chance to look through all of San Francisco and over San Francisco Bay and it?s just a wonderful chance to see the city.Woo Sung:I saw the Hoover Dam once and I didn?t like it very much. It was in the middle of the desert and it?s just very hot, and there wasn?t much activity going on --- and it?s just a big concrete structure.Unit 2Lesson AActivity 1Listen to some people talking about different situations with their computers. Match each situation and its problem.Situation 1M:Oh no!W:What happened?M:I can?t believe it. I was sending a message and I accidentally clicked on “Reply to All.”W:So?M:It was a personal message for my friend, Jerry. I wanted to send it to his e-mail address only.W:Oops.M:Exactly --- Instead I sent it to everyone on the list. How embarrassing! Situation 2M:I see you have a new keyboard. That? s nice.W:Yes, the company bought me a new one.M:That?s good.W:Well, actually --- I spilled coffee on my old keyboard, and it stopped working.M:Oh, I see.W:Don?t tell anyone. Drinking coffee near the computers is not allowed! Situation 3W:Have you finished working on my computer?M:Yes, I have. I?m afraid I don?t have good news for you.W:Really?M:Really. The problem is with your hardware.W:Oh. What do you suggest?M:I think you should probably buy a new computer. This one can?t b e fixed.W:Well, I have had it for five years. It?s time to replace it, I guess. Activity 2Listen to these two conversations. Circle the best answer to complete each sentence.Conversation 1P:Well, Lynn, I must be going. It was great to see you –L:By, Pam.P:What?s that?L:Oh … that?s Ollie.P:Ollie? I didn?t know you had a dog!L:Well, we don?t … really.P:What do you mean?L:Come here.P:Oh my goodness. It?s a robot!L:That?s right. It?s a dog robot. They call it a “dogbot.”P:How interesting! … But it?s a little strange, don?t you think?L:Well, I wanted to get an interactive toy for the kids. They love it. SoI?m happy.P:How much did it cost?L:Don?t ask. It wasn?t very affordable. It?s cheaper than having a real dog, though. We don?t ever have to buy dog food! And the batteries are rechargeable.Conversation 2J:Hey, Henrik. Look.H:What is it, Juliana?J:What?s that guy doing over there?H:Which guy?J:The one over there. Wearing a suit. H?s punching so many buttons on his cell phone.H:Oh, him. He?s probably playing a game.J:Really?H:A lot of people have games on their cell phones. It?s really popular here in Finland. They play them everywhere.J:Do you play them, too?H:Yes, I do.Activity 34-2-5:Listen to a technology report. What appliances does the reportmention? Write them down.In today?s report, we look at a new technology called pervasivecomputing.Pervasive computing means putting tiny computers into everydayelectronic appliances, such as toasters and microwaves. With pervasivecomputing, appliances can communicate with their users – and with otherappliances!Some companies now sell pervasive computing products like a “smart” toaster. It remembers your favorite kind of toast: light or dark. Companiesclock. The coffeecoffee maker and a “smart” are designing a “smart” maker can measure the water and coffee. It can even put milk in yourbreakfast coffee and make black coffee in the afternoon. The clock willcheck the time on other clocks in your house, and give information aboutother appliances. For example, it can tell you, “Your coffee maker ne more water.”And that?s o nly the beginning. One company is now advertising “SaveEngineers are making a “smart” time –phone your washing machine!” house. In this house, the lights, heater, and air conditioner change automatically when family members come home. This makes the home comfortable, and it saves a lot of energy. Pervasive computing couldchange many parts of our daily lives.But do people really want pervasive computing? Do they really needtechnology everywhere? One company asked people about their opinionson “smart” appliances. There were surprises. A “smart” refrigerato buy more food on the internet, but people didn?t want it, because it mightmake mistakes.says Rebecca “Pervasive computing is as important as a telephone,” Blair, president of InnoTech Corporation. But some of these products arenot useful, or even practical. Companies should learn more about thetechnology that people really want.4-2-7Activity 4Local girl rescuedShe may have a broken leg, but she can?t be happier. Morgan Bailey, 11,is happy to be alive.Tuesday was like any other day for Morgan. She was at school. It wasfourth period, and she was the first student to arrive in the gymnasium forher physical education class.Suddenly there was a loud noise.“There was a sharp cracking noise and then a loud boom. After that, In.don?t remember anything,” said MorgaThe roof of the gymnasium had collapsed under the heavy snow. Morganwas trapped underneath. She couldn?t escape.“I woke up and there was a big piece of wood on my leg. I couldn?tmove it. I was starting to get cold.”Fortunately, help was nearby. A ne w program using “rescue robots” wastried for the first time.“We were nervous about using the robot,” said Derrick Sneed, the manin charge of the program. “But in the end, the robot gave us reliable information. It went extremely well.”The rescue robot was able to go into the gym and locate Morgan?s exactposition.“We send in robots first because it may not be safe for humans,” said Mr Sneed. “Human beings are not as useful as robots in some situations. Agas leak, for example, could kill you or me but w ouldn?t hurt a robot.”Although it didn?t happen in Morgan?s case, some rescue robots can bringfresh air or water to people who are trapped.Rescue robots go into rough, dangerous places. They work in life or deathsituations. They have to be durable.Doctors say that Morgan is doing well. She should be going home in twoor three days. What is the first thing she wants to do after she gets out ofthe hospital?“I want to meet my hero,” laughs Morgan. “That little robot that saved my life!”Lesson B4-2-1Reda:I really don?t know a lot about electronics but I think that new phones --- new cell phones --- with ah --- cameras --- which have digital cameras are very cool and they?re so easy to use. And you don?t have tothink all the time that you forgot the camera --- you know? Because youalways have it with you and that?s so smart.Kevin:I like the laptop because it?s very, very thin. It?s maybe less thanone inch and it?s about four pounds and I can carry it anywhere I want. Alejandra:My favorite feature of my computer is the Instant Messenger.The reason for this is that it?s very affordable, fun and convenient andallows me to chat with my friends from all over the world.Denise:I stay in touch with my family in Brazil with like --- Instant Messenger.Jackie:I use the computer for chatting online, searching the web, and downloading music.Catherine:I have a lot of friends in New York and Philadelphia and California, so instead of talking on the phone with them, I e-mail them constantly ---Dave:My laptop computer is fun because I can do all sorts of things on it.I can write a paper while I?m on the train on the way home.Julianna:I use my computer to surf on the Internet, to do my homework, and to work. My computer was expensive, but it is reliable.Jonathan:I don?t really like my computer because it?s old and not reliable. Unit 3Lesson AActivity 1Listen to the two conversations. Check Christiane?s and Dan?s job(s). Conversation 1W1:What are you watching?W2:Oh, just the news.W1:Can I change the channel?W2:In just a minute. I want to see the end of this report.W1:I didn?t know you were interested in the news.W2:Well, it?s Christiane Amanpour. She?s really great. She usually reports from London --- the city where she was born.W1:I don?t know her.W2:She?s an international correspondent. She goes to some reallydangerous places. When there?s a war, she?s usually there.W1:Sounds scary.W2:Yeah. And --- get this --- she?s a wife and mother, too.W1:That?s very impressive.Conversation 2M1::That?s a str ange-looking book. What is it?M2:It?s the writings and photos of Dan Eldon. He was a photojournalist. M1:A photojournalist?M2:Yeah. A photographer and a journalist. He was born in London in 1970. The book tells all about his life and his dangerous adventures.M1:Well, the book certainly looks interesting. Has he written anything else?M2:He wrote a book when he was younger. Unfortunately, he won?t be writing anything else --- he was killed.M1:He died?M2:Yeah. It?s really sad. He was only 22. He was kill ed while working in Africa.Activity 2Listen. Maria and Joe are talking about The Daily News. Circle the correct words.J:What are you reading, Maria?M:The Daily News.J:The News? Ugh! That?s a terrible paper.M:Oh, Joe, it?s not so bad.J:Not so bad? Lo ok at that headline on the front page! It?s so sensational.M:Well, they?ve got great comics. I can?t live without my comics.J:I know. But the news coverage is so poor, ... especially the international news. It?s a joke, really.M:I?m not so interested in the international news. Besides, they have so many other good features.J:Like what?M:Like… the daily horoscope, for example. I love it.J:That?s not a good reason to buy a newspaper … for the horoscope! M:Look, the newspaper only costs 50 cents. What do you expect?J:Good point.M:Besides the horoscope, I also like the entertainment news. I like to read about the stars and their love affairs.J:Well, you can keep The Daily News. I?m going to stick with The Times. Activity 3Listen as John and Amy talk about a photo. Use the names in the box tolabel the people in the picture.A:John, I?ve never noticed this old photo of your family before.J:My mother just found it in the attic. She decided to hang it up.A:It?s a nice picture of your family.J:I think i t?s embarrassing. And I look stupid.A:Well, you could,ve combed your hair … it?s a nice shot, though. Look at how young you are! How old were you in the photo?J:Eight … no wait, I?d just turned nine.A:I guess these two people are your parents.J:Yep. They were married when that picture was taken. Now they?re divorced.A:Oh. What do they do?J:My father?s retired. Mom works in a hospital.A:What are their names?J:Well, my father?s name is Joseph. My mother is Olivia --- she wasnamed after a popular actress.A:How great! I have an aunt with the same name. I love the nameOlivia … Who?s that guy?J:Which one?A:The guy standing behind you. Is that your brother, Tom?J:No, that's my Uncle Randy. He?s only two years older than my brother.A:He?s cute. I love a guy with a moustache.J:Um, sorry, but he?s married now. His wife just had a baby.A:I was just making a comment … So the other young guy must be your brother.J:Yes. That?s Tom.A:How old is he in the picture?J:Let?s see … he?s nine years older than me, … so he would,ve been 18 then.A:And there?s your little sister, Tina. She?s so cute!J:Yeah. She?s t wo years younger than me. It?s hard to believe she?s i nhigh school now!Activity 4Listen to the news reports. Write the correct headline for each piece ofnews. Two headlines are extra.1. A bank robbery in Virginia, USA, was stopped when the robber and thebank teller couldn?t reach an agreement. The robber pushed a holdup notendunder the window, but the teller looked at it, said,” I can?t read this gave it back. The robber pushed the note through a second time. Theteller crumpled the note up and threw it at the robber. He picked it up andwalked out of the bank.2. A professional ice hockey player will miss the rest of this season?sgames because he injured himself. National Hockey League goalieJean-Louis Blanchard went on the injured list after he fell and seriouslyhurt his back. He was walking out of a restaurant in Ottawa, Canada,when he slipped on some ice.3. The first international camel beauty contest was held last week in Alxa,in western China. More than 100 dressed-up camels entered the contest.The judges examined them for shiny hair, tall humps, and beautiful costumes. Unlike human beauty contests, though, there were no interviews with the contestants.4. Police in Sheffield, England, arrested a 41-year-old man for stealing five cars. Graham Owens went to car dealers and said he wanted to buy a car, and borrowed a car to test-drive. Each time, he drove the car around, then cleaned it inside and washed it outside --- before leaving it at the side of the road, and walking home.Lesson B4-3-1Gian:I think working in the media is a very glamorous job. A person gets to travel quite a bit, and they also get a chance to tell people stories that may not be told otherwise.Calum:I think that a really boring job would be being a --- an editor or a critic, because it?s not very creative. I think the most fun job would be being an international correspondent, because you get to travel a lot, and see a lot of new things.Woo Sung:I don?t think news anchors have the greatest job in the world --- um --- and I think it?s really funny when they mess up on TV.Miyuki:I don?t feel that working in the media industry is very glamorous.I had a friend who was a cameraman --- or an assistant --- and she would have to research for sixty, seventy hours for a story that never ever madeit.4-3-2Calum:I usually always get my news online. I use the Internet because I think it?s a very useful tool and it?s always u p-to-date.Miyuki:I get my news from the Internet, because it?s the most accessible media --- around me at least. And I find it extremely uncomfortable to be carrying a huge newspaper. I can?t turn the pages that well.Dennis:I get my news from the Internet and from TV. From TV, I get it like --- firsthand, like somebody?s reading the news to me, and I like that feeling.Alejandra:I don?t watch TV or use the Internet, but I read the newspaper starting on the front page and going to the international section.Nick:Next, I?ll look at the sports page and see how my teams are doing. Gian:Then I go on to the regional news to find out what?s going on in my area. And I always save the comics for last, including my horoscope, because that?s the funpart.Unit 4Lesson AActivity 1Listen to three people talking about their jobs. Write Alice, Diane, or Mimi under the appropriate picture.Alice:I work six days a week. My shift is from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m. I?m on myfeet all day long. It?s a very active job. Most of my cust omers are nice. Itry to be friendly to everyone, but it?s difficult sometimes. My customersgive me good tips. That?s nice.Diane:I?m very punctual --- actually, I can?t be late! You know what theyI like being on stage. Something always say, “The show must go on!” happens, though. During the show last week, the lights went out. I couldn?t believe it! You definitely have to be flexible.Mimi:My students are eight years old. I have to be careful about what Isay and do. They are always watching me and copyi n g my behavior. I?mlike a big sister. The kids have a lot of energy. I need patience I this job, that?s for sure.Activity 2Listen to Camille?s job interview. Then circle the answer to the question.M:So, I see here that you went to college.C:Yes, sir. F or two years. I didn?t graduate.M:Do you speak any languages besides English?C:Yes, I speak conversational French.M:Any other languages?C:No, that?s it.M:Well, that?s g reat. As you know, we fly to Paris twice a week. We always need people who can sp eak French.Let?s see… have you worked for an airline before?C:No. I have no job experience.M:So, this would be your first job.C:Yes.M:Well, I only have two more questions. Are you healthy and physically fit? Can you lift heavy objects?C:Yes, I think so.M:Well, the emergency window exit on the plane weighs about 50 pounds. And the meal cart is very heavy, too. You need to move those objects sometimes.C:I think I can do that.M:Wonderful. Let me tell you about the next step. We have a six-week training program that takes place in the summer. You have to…Activity 34-4-5:Listen to Olivia talking about her future plan and fill in the blanks with information from the talk.I plan to become a teacher after I finish my studies. I decided to study at this university because the teaching program is very good. We have a lot of practice working with children. I love to work with young kids. I expect to graduate from the university next June, and I hope to find a job in a kindergarten. I?ll try to start working in September.4-4-6:Listen to the job interview. Check the right item in the table based on the information from the interview.G:Hello, Ms. Hale. I?m Mr. Grant, the advertising manager for the company. Do you have a resume or curriculum vitae to give to me?H:Yes, Mr. Grant. Here it is.G:Thank you. Now, let me tell you a little bit about the job. We need someone t o design brochures on the computer. Do you have up-to-date computer skills?H:Yes, I do. In my present position I use computer graphics all the time. I have experience with animation as well.G:Oh, that?s very good. We hope to launch a new group of animated ads next spring. Can you work with others in a pleasant manner, Ms. Hale? H:My co-workers seem to think so. I can also work independently by myself.G:That?s necessary, too. What about flexibility in working long hours on a project?H:I have a lot of energy and I?m willing to get the job done. The work I did last year won two awards at a national conference.G:Excellent. That?s very impressive. By the way, did I mention that we need someone to start next week?H:No, you didn?t, but it might be possible.G:Good. Thank you for coming today. We?ll be in touch soon.Activity 4Listen to the passage about an unusual job. Fill in the blank withinformation from the passage.You?ve never met Melissa Hayes, and you don?t know her name, but youknow her voice. Mellissa records information messages for the telephone---company. When you hear the number you called has been changed … that?s Mellissa!“Yes, i t?s true,” she says. “I?m the voice talent for Nation Telephone.least 50000 people hear her voice every day. “I try to sound warm andfriendly, even when I?m saying, I?m sorry, that number is incorrect.Please try again.”Melissa works only three days a week, but she has to practice a lot. “My voice has to sound the same at the end of eight hours.” She?s very c about her voice. “I don?t drink lots of water with honey. I can?t g to horror movies because I always scream, and I might hurt my voice!”How did she get her job? “A friend told me about it. I listened to all the telephone company messages on my phone, and then I recorded a cassetteof those messages. After I sent it to the company, I called them every dayfor a month!”She?s done this work for three years now, and she loves it. “It?s fun! And I?m helping people by using my voice.” Plus, people are always surprised when they hear about Melissa?s job. They say, “You?re a real person? Ithought it was a computer!”Lesson B4-4-1Nayalie:I work for a television station that was launched ten years ago and I have been working there for about a year.Dan:I work with computers at a hospital and I have been doing that for three years.Gian:I am a marketing manager. I make brochures, I send out e-mails, and I work on the web.4-4-2Kumiko:I have two ideal jobs and teaching Japanese is one of them. The other one is training dogs. I like working with dogs because they give me unconditional love all the time.Dave:My ideal job would be designing movie posters and CD covers. To do this job, I need a strong foundation in art, and it helps to be able to speak two languages.Jackie:Teaching is an ideal job for me because I enjoy being around children and I want to help them learn.Vanessa:My dream job is to be a photographer because I love taking pictures.Dayanne:I would like to help people in developing countries. In order to do this job well you need to be passionate, you need to be able to listen, and you need to communicate.Jonathan:My future plans are to get into computer animation --- andhopefully become an animator in movies or video games. To be a computer animator, you have to be patient, work hard, and be creative. Calum:My ideal job would be a reporter or to work for a newspaper, and that way I could see the world, and also keep up-to-date with events. For my job you should be able to write well, and you should be well-informed, and you should be able to communicate well.Unit 5Lesson AActivity 1Listen to this profile of a successful businessman. Who is he? What company does he run?He may have been your typical teenager in most ways. But he was different in one particular way: he started his own magazine. At the age of 15 he managed the magazine called Student. It was written for and about young people in school. He was very busy, but it was a satisfying job.His next business venture was completely different. He and some friends started a mail order record company. It was also the same year, 1970, when his music discount store was opened in England. It made a lot of money.In the early 1990s, he sold his successful music business and used the money for another business idea: an airline company. And so, Virgin Airways Ltd. Was born. To compete with other airlines, his company。
英语听力教程4第二版教学设计一、教学目标本课程的教学目标是：1.学生能够通过听懂口语和听力测试，提高英语听力水平。
2.学生能够基于所听内容，理解并传达必要信息。
3.学生能够利用所学内容，通过写作和口语讨论等方式，对所学主题进行论述和探讨。
二、教学内容本课程的教学内容主要涉及以下方面：1.英语听力力量训练。
2.英语语音训练。
3.聆听英语新闻和音频材料。
4.掌握常见英语口语表达。
三、教学方法本课程采用“听，说，读，写”四项教学方法，主要是强调听力和口语的训练。
具体的教学方法如下：1.传统的讲授模式。
2.唤起学生记忆和想象模式。
3.为句子补充词汇并注重口语表达。
4.阅读并理解文章的重点和内容。
5.讨论独立听力测试。
6.拓展学生的英语口语表达能力。
四、教学过程本课程的教学过程主要分为以下步骤：第一步：引导学生，了解课程内容在开始授课前，首先要向学生简要介绍本课程的主要内容，介绍本课程对于英语听力水平的提高和实际应用具有的重要意义。
第二步：授课本节课的授课内容主要为：第一部分：英语听力力量训练•音频材料：通过播放一些英语语音材料，帮助学生更好地理解和记忆常用的英语发音。
•学习发音规则：通过分析和操练一些主要的英语发音规则，让学生更好地掌握英语语音。
•英语口语练习：通过一些简单的口语练习活动，让学生更好地改善英语口语表达能力。
第二部分：英语听力的测试和分析•聆听英语新闻报道：通过聆听英语新闻报道，让学生更好地掌握英语听力技巧。
•职场英语练习：通过策划一些职场英语会话训练，更好地开发学生的英语应用能力。
•英文口语表达：通过讲授一些常用英文口语表达，让学生更好地掌握英语口语表达技巧。
第三步：巩固在本节课的结束时，要简要总结本节课的主要内容，并留给学生时间进行思考。
同时，要提供一些相关的练习活动，让学生更好地巩固所学知识。
五、教材本教材采用《英语听力教程4第二版》。
六、教学考核课程考核主要分为听力和口语两个方面，具体要求如下：1.听力考核：掌握英语听力测试技能，能够在一定时间内听懂英语口语材料。
英语听力4U n i t 2(13~24)完整文本第二版Unit 2Section One Tactics for ListeningListening and TranslationDirections: Listen to some sentences and translate them into Chinese. You will hear each sentence three times1.Some people fear they do not get enough vitamins from the foods they eat.2.So they take products with large amounts of vitamins.3.They think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protect against disease.4.Medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything to protect or improve health.5.But they noted that some do help to prevent disease.1.一些人担心他们并未从所持的食物中获取足够的维生素。
2.因此他们服用大剂量维生素制剂。
3.他们认为这些维生素制剂能够增进健康，预防疾病。
4.医学专家没有发现多少能证明这些制剂中的绝大多数能保障或增进健康的证据。
5.但是他们注意到其中一些确实有助于预防疾病。
Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialogue- Psychology and PsychiatryInterviewer: Perhaps we could begin by defining the difference between psychology and psychiatry*. I know it's something which a lot of people get confused about.Doctor: Yes, people often do confuse psychology and psychiatry, and equally psychologists and psychiatrists.Um, firstly, a psychologist will have a degree in psychology but will not have a medical training; apsychiatrist is always a fully trained doctor who also has additional specialist training in the fieldof psychiatry. Psychiatry is the study essentially of mental illness; psychology is really the study ofbehavior, including normal behavior and mental processes, the way we think, behave and feel. Interviewer: So how exactly do you define mental illness? How do you know when a person is mentally ill? Doctor: It's a difficult question actually to answer. Essentially, mental illness causes a disturbance in the way that people think, feel and behave. Um, most people think of mental illness in terms of a breakdown;the term "a breakdown" is commonly used. Most often, people are thinking of someone who'sbecome very depressed or anxious. But a breakdown may also describe someone who's had a majormental illness, where their thinking, feelings and behavior may become grossly disorganized. Interviewer: Right. Um, I've heard of the ICD, the International Classification of Disorders. Is that something which is used in Britain in psychiatry?Doctor: Yes, it's the International Classification of Diseases*, um, which is the main classification used in England to classify all diseases; and all people admitted to hospitals in England will have a diagnosisgiven within the International Classification of Diseases. This classification covers mental illnessesand really classifies mental illnesses under three main headings of psychoses*, neuroses* andpersonality disorders. Within each of those main areas of classification there are lots of otherindividual diagnoses.Interviewer: I'd like to ask you about schizophrenia* because that's a word which people often associate with the most extreme kinds of insanity* or lunacy* or I'm sure you'd call mental disturbance of some kind.What exactly is that?Doctor: Schizophrenia is a severe psychotic* illness. Schizophrenia usually shows itself by the person perhaps hearing voices when there's nothing to account for the voice in the environment. They often havefirm but abnormal beliefs, for example that they're being followed or persecuted and their behavioragain may seem very odd.Interviewer: Is there any effective treatment for this disorder?Doctor: Yes, there is. There have been advances in the treatment of schizophrenia, particularly since really the 1950s when the major anti-psychotic drugs were introduced. The main line of treatment nowincludes drug treatments which can reduce or get rid of symptoms, but we also these days verymuch provide social and family support and help to schizophrenic patients.Interviewer: Mm… There is a stigma, isn't there, attached to mental illness generally by society. But I believe it'sactually a lot more common than people think. Is that true?Doctor: Mental illness is very common. I was reading a paper just today which was talking about mental health care and was pointing out some very staggering statistics, for example that 26 percent of thepopulation consult their family doctor each year with mental health problems, that 14 percent of dayslost to work are a result of mental health problems, that 20 percent of our total NHS* expenditure isfor treating mental health problems.Interviewer: Well, how ... how do we actually prevent mental illness? Is it preventable?Doctor: That's a really difficult question.Interviewer: Isn't it true that, well at least one theory is that in many cases mental illnesses are hereditary, or people, you know, with parents or grandparents and so on, who are prone* to this will get itthemselves, and therefore presumably external factors aren't going to make any difference? Doctor: I think in terms of the cause or etiology* of mental illness, there are often or most usually many factors operating, so the person may be genetically more vulnerable to that kind of illness. Thevulnerability, though, is only one aspect. Stresses in their life, physical illnesses — which can causemental illnesses — may be another factor bringing about mental ill-health. So there are a variety offactors interacting, which are leading to mental illness.Interviewer: So prevention really has to be tackled from a number of different fronts?Doctor: Yes.Directions: Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1.Psychology and psychiatry3.Schizophrenia4.Mental illnessPart 2 Passage- I Couldn't Stop Dieting"I am solely responsible for the destruction of my marriage." I stared at the words I'd written in my journal and felt the sting of tears. After five years of marriage, Stan would leave me. I'd be alone with my scale, my exercise, and my calorie-counting.Stan and I had met 10 years earlier while teaching at the same Christian high school. I'd been frighteningly thin, but Stan had ignored my emaciated* appearance and befriended the person inside. He was a good friend, someone safe with whom I could talk. Early in our friendship, I told him about my history of anorexia*, my two hospitalizations for the disorder, and the years I'd spent in therapy trying to get well. He was kind and understanding. Still, I couldn't bring myself to reveal the whole truth — that a childhood of verbal and sexual abuse had led not only to anorexia, but rebellion and promiscuity*. Though I knew Stan cared for me, a little voice in my head insisted I wasn't good enough for him, and that I'd eventually lose him.By the time he proposed three years later, I'd gained nearly 20 pounds. My gaunt* face and body had become muscular and healthy, and my counselor assured me that I'd progressed to the point of no longer needing therapy. Soon, Stan and I were married.Several months after our wedding, as I was striving to be the "perfect" wife, the anorexia reemerged.Though I'd prepared hearty meals for Stan, I carefully restricted what I ate, panicking any time I hadn't exercised "enough". Stan's career change only added to the stress, and my weight, the only thing I could control completely, slowly began to drop.As much as I wanted to please my husband by maintaining a healthy weight, exercise and food restriction had become my sole means of coping with stress. Whenever Stan and I would have a conflict, I'd add minutes onto my daily workout, or skip a meal. The anorexia gave me a twisted sense of control over my life.One night five years after we got married, my husband told me that he didn't want to stay in a marriage like this. I decided finally to get help.I went to a counselor. During our first session, I tearfully described my situation. "I know this is my fault," I said, "but why can't I stop? No wonder I hate myself!"We continued counseling sessions for nearly a year, and I learned gradually to see my anorexia in a new light — as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear I'd never be loved for who I was.Slowly, I became convinced that only I myself had the power to transform my heart and life. I had to begin with honesty. I could no longer be deceptive about the anorexia, nor could I hide my past.We've now been married seven years. As Stan and I continue to share openly with each other, I've become more secure in his love and in our marriage. My eating habits have improved and my shape has changed from gaunt to womanly; anorexia is no longer a wedge* between Stan and me.Transparent honesty was the first step, and I've learned that I'll be accepted for who I am by my husband. Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionA harmonious and happy family brings all the members good health, while an unhappy family causes tragedies and bad health.From the day we are born, our health is influenced by our family. How well are we fed and nursed during childhood? What kind of surroundings do we live in? Do our parents live in harmony and love? What is the living standard of our family? How about our family education? All these play an important part in our physical and mental health.Members of a happy family help each other stay healthy. If any one member is ill, others will take him or her to a doctor and then take good care of the person so that he or she can get well soon.Members of an unhappy family, on the other hand, are often distressed by their bad relationship, which features inconsiderateness, distrust and even violence. These will easily cause psychological damages and physical injuries. That's why people say living in an unhappy family is like committing suicide.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.After five years of marriage, Stan would leave me. I'd be alone with my scale, my exercise, and my calorie-counting.2. Several months after our wedding, as I was striving to be the "perfect" wife, the anorexia reemerged .3.As much as I wanted to please my husband by maintaining a healthy weight, exercise and food restriction hadbecome my sole means of coping with stress.4.Slowly, I became convinced that only I myself had the power to transform my heart and life.5.Transparent honesty was the first step, and I've learned that I'll be accepted for who I am by my husband. Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.the destruction of my marriage.)years earlier while teaching at the same Christian high school.)F 3. Stan liked the narrator's emaciated appearance in their early friendship. (I'd been frighteningly thin, but Stan had ignored my emaciated appearance.)me that I'd progressed to the point of no longer needing therapy. Soon, Stan and I were married.)was experiencing. (Though I'd prepared hearty meals for Stan, I carefully restricted what I ate, panicking any time I hadn't exercised "enough". Stan's career change only added to the stress.)T 6. The narrator thought food restriction could help her to have a better control over her life. (The anorexia gave me a twisted sense of control over my life.)quarrel. (Whenever Stan and I would have a conflict, I'd add minutes onto my daily workout, or skip a meal.)T 8. After nearly a year of counseling sessions, the narrator gradually learned to see her anorexia in a different way. (We continued counseling sessions for nearly a year, and I learned gradually to see my anorexia in a new light — as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear I'd never be loved for who I was.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. After a year's counseling, the narrator gradually learned to see her anorexia in a new light — as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear she'd never be loved for who she was. Slowly, she became convinced that only she herself had the power to transform her heart and life. She was no longer deceptive about anorexia, and stopped hiding her past.2. (Open)Section Three NewsNews item 1Representatives of nearly 150 countries meeting in Hong Kong are still trying to reach a new agreement on global trade.For many countries the biggest prize they realistically hoped for on this meeting was a date for ending the European Union subsidies to help farmers sell their produce on world markets. The EU was already committed in principle to doing this. Now a senior official says they are prepared to name the date as part of a wider deal. "If there isn't an agreement here in Hong Kong, the date of 2013 will be in it," he confirmed. The United States trade representative Rob Portman said he would still prefer a date of 2010, but he is trying to be accommodating.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news and complete the summary.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1.Representatives of nearly 150 countries meeting in Hong Kong are still trying to reach a new agreement onglobal trade.2.For many countries the biggest prize they realistically hoped for was a date for ending the European Unionsubsidies to help farmers sell their produce on world markets.3.An EU senior official says they are prepared to name the date as part of a wider deal.4.The earliest possible date will be 2010, and 2013 will be the latest date if an agreement is not reached on thismeeting.5.The United States trade representative Rob Portman says he is trying to be accommodating, which means theUnited States will possibly accept the new date.News item 2Teaching Tips:This news item is about a G20's trillion-dollar plan to tackle recession. Ask the students to listen carefully for the topic sentence. Then ask them to study the outline before listening to the news item again.Tapescript and keyThe G20 have come up with a package of plans that add up to well over a trillion dollars to tackle the recession.One key component is an agreement to treble to seven hundred and fifty billion dollars the resources available to the International Monetary Fund for lending to countries in trouble.They also want a tenfold * increase in what are called special drawing rights which are rather like an IMF currency and which strengthen the foreign exchange reserves of its member countries.The G20 also plan closer regulation of financial firms with curbs* on executive pay and new oversight* of large hedge funds*.The British Prime Minister, Gordon Brown, described the summit as marking a new consensus* on tackling global problems.A: Directions: Listen to the news and complete the summary.This news item is about a new consensus reached by the G20 on tackling global problems.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and complete the outline.News item 3Teaching Tips:This news item is about the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Conference. The students need the background information about the conference to get the gist of the news item. What are the key words in the news item that tell you that it is about the Copenhagen Climate Conference?Tapescript and keyThe conference opened to applause forty minutes late. It began with an environmental film from Danish children, a message from the next generation for those delegates whose decisions here over the next fortnight may help shape the lives they lead.34,000 people have tried to get accredited * for this extraordinary meeting - an unprecedented* demand.Hopes are high here that a deal can be done to lower emissions and raise cash to help poor countries adapt to climate change and obtain clean energy. The question is whether that agreement will be strong enough to meet the expectations of those children of the future.A: Directions: Listen to the news and complete the summary.This news item is about the opening of Copenhagen climate summit.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.The conference opened to applause fourteen minutes late. (The conference opened to applause fortyminutes late.) F2.It began with an environmental paper from Danish children. (It began with an environmental film fromDanish children.) F3.Those delegates' decisions over the next two weeks may help shape the lives the next generation lead T精品文档4. A deal is expected to be done to lower emissions and poor countries need more money to adapt to climatechange and obtain clean energy. T5.That agreement will be strong enough to meet the expectations of those children of the future. (Thequestion is whether that agreement will be strong enough to meet the expectations of those children of the future.) FSection Four Supplementary Exercises收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除。
