雅思大作文开头最实用写法
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雅思作文四段式一、开头。
我有一只超级可爱的宠物狗,它叫小白。
小白是我最好的朋友,它就像一个毛茸茸的小天使来到了我身边。
每次我看到它,心里就特别开心。
二、中间。
小白长得特别萌。
它全身都是白白的毛,像一团棉花糖。
它的眼睛又黑又亮,就像两颗黑宝石。
它的耳朵总是耷拉着,跑起来的时候一颠一颠的,特别有趣。
小白可调皮啦。
有一次,我把我的小皮球放在地上,它看到了,就跑过去用爪子不停地拍皮球,然后还追着皮球满屋子跑,把家里弄得乱七八糟的。
不过我一点也不生气,因为它那模样实在是太好笑了。
小白还很聪明呢。
我教它握手,没教几次它就学会了。
每次我伸出手说“握手”,它就会把小爪子搭在我的手上,还摇着尾巴,像是在说“我是不是很厉害呀”。
三、中间。
小白也很忠诚。
有一天我在外面玩的时候不小心摔倒了,膝盖擦破了皮。
我疼得坐在地上直哭。
小白看到了,马上跑到我身边,用它的舌头轻轻地舔我的伤口,还不停地呜呜叫着,像是在安慰我。
那一刻,我觉得它是世界上最温暖的存在。
四、结尾。
我爱我的小白,它是我生活中不可缺少的一部分。
它给我带来了很多欢乐,也给了我很多温暖。
我希望它能一直陪着我,我们一起长大。
一、开头。
我最喜欢的季节是秋天。
秋天就像一个神奇的魔法师,把世界变得特别美丽。
二、中间。
秋天的天空特别蓝,蓝得像大海一样。
云朵白白的,像棉花一样飘浮在空中。
秋天的风凉凉的,吹在脸上特别舒服。
就像妈妈的手轻轻地抚摸着我。
秋天的树叶可漂亮啦。
我家门前有一棵银杏树,到了秋天,它的叶子就变成了金黄色。
风一吹,那些叶子就像一只只蝴蝶在空中飞舞,然后慢慢地落在地上,地上就像铺了一层金色的地毯。
我特别喜欢在这银杏叶铺成的地毯上玩耍,听着叶子沙沙作响,感觉特别美妙。
三、中间。
秋天还有很多好吃的呢。
果园里的果子都成熟了。
红彤彤的苹果挂满了枝头,就像一个个小灯笼。
黄澄澄的梨子也你挤我碰的,好像在说“快来摘我呀”。
我跟着爸爸妈妈去果园里摘果子,我伸手摘下一个苹果,咬上一口,甜甜的果汁在嘴里散开,那味道真的是好极了。
雅思信件作文万能模板第一段,开头。
Dear [姓氏],。
I am writing to you regarding [写作话题]. I hope this letter finds you well.第二段,表达观点。
In my opinion, [表达观点]. This is because [支持观点的理由]. For example, [举例说明].第三段,进一步论证观点。
Furthermore, [进一步论证观点]. This can be seen from [举例说明].第四段,表达不同观点。
However, it is also important to consider the opposing view. Some people believe that [反对观点]. They argue that [反对观点的理由]. Nevertheless, I still believe that [重申自己的观点].第五段,总结观点。
In conclusion, I strongly believe that [总结观点]. This is because [重申支持观点的理由]. I hope my points have been clear and persuasive.第六段,结束语。
Thank you for taking the time to read my letter. I look forward to hearing your thoughts on this matter.Yours sincerely,。
[你的姓名]以上是一篇雅思信件作文的万能模板,你可以根据具体的写作话题和观点进行相应的填充和修改。
希望对你的写作有所帮助。
祝你在雅思考试中取得优异的成绩!。
雅思写作开头万能句型1. 哎呀呀,你知道吗,“As a proverb says, every coin has two sides.”这句话开头,引出对事物两面性的讨论,就像打开了一扇神奇的大门,比如写关于科技的影响,是不是很妙?2. 嘿,“Have you ever thought about how important it is to...”这种开头简直太吸引人了吧!就像你在思考为什么友谊那么重要时用它,会让人迫不及待想知道你的想法呢!3. 哇塞,“Isn't it amazing that when we talk about..., we can't ignore...”这样的开头就像一把钩子,钩住读者的心,比如在讨论环境问题时用它,会让人很有兴趣读下去。
4. 哟呵,“Imagine if we didn't have..., how could we...”开头,能瞬间把人带入一种假设的情境中,就像想象如果没有互联网,我们的生活会怎样,超有意思!5. 哎呀,“It's like a magnet that attracts ou r attention when we start with 'Nowadays,...'”,用它开头来写当下的社会现象,肯定能吸引大家。
6. 嘿呀,“Do you realize that starting with 'Once upon a time,...' can bring us to a different world?”,就像讲一个故事一样,比如写传统文化,会让人很好奇接下来的内容。
7. 哇哦,“Doesn't it make you curious when you see 'In th e beginning,...' as the start?”,用它来写一个事物的起源,肯定会勾起读者的探索欲。
Let the process speak, and the process is the only way to turn what is said into what is done.同学互助一起进步(页眉可删)雅思大作文开头模板作文开头开得好,大作文自然精彩。
那么雅思大作文的开头怎么写呢?一起来看看这些雅思大作文开头模板吧。
雅思大作文开头段【1】1. People still have mixed views on whether……(__要讨论的话题)In this essay, I will examine the view that……(转述题目中提供的那种看法)2. The issue of whether……(辩论话题)has received much public attention. In this essay, I will explore the opinion that……(改写题目所给的观点)3. A criticism often heard these days is that……(辩论话题)They say that……(转述题目所给观点)I disagree/ agree with this point of view for……reasons.4. In these days, the issue of whether……(辩论话题)has aroused peoples discussion. Some people believe that……(改写题目所给观点)I disagree/ agree with thispoint of view and I will analyze the issue in the following passage.5. Recently, the issue of……(辩论话题)has been brought into public focus. People have different ideas about it. Some people believe that……(改写题目所给观点)Personally, I think this point of view is overly simplistic.6. The progression of……(背景)is inevitable and undeniable. What is under controversy is whether……(题目所给观点)To be frank, I am in high favor of……(自己观点)雅思大作文开头段【2】1. ……(背景)are playing significant roles in our lives. But in the meantime, whether……(辩论话题)sparks much debate. Some people assert that……, while many others argue that……Personally, I am in favor of the former/ the latter view.2. There has been much discussion on whether……(辩论话题)In this essay, I will compare and contrast two typical opinions regarding this issue.3. In recent years, there has been a heated debate about whether……(辩论话题)I will explore two main opinions often heard in this controversy.4. Along with the development of society, more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that……Some maintain that……whereas others are confident that……For my part, I share the latter/ former point of view.5. There is much discussion as to whether or not……People hold divergent views. Some people believe that……while others hold that……In the following, I would like to present my point of view.6. Recently, there arises a heated debate over whether it is wise to……People views, however, are divergent on the matter in question. Some people advocatethat…….while others argue that…… Taking into consideration both sides of the issue, I tend to favour the latter/former view.雅思大作文开头段【3】1、最近,_______已经成为社会焦点,这样,人们涌往______Recently, ______________ has become the focus of the society, and in thisway, people swarm to ______________.2、_____在我们日复一日的生活中起到了越来越重要的作用,它为我们带来了许多好处,同时也减少了许多问题______________ has been playing an increasingly important role in ourday-to-day life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but created some seriousproblems as well.3、人们正面临着一个很严重的问题_______,首先______,然后________Man is now facing a big problem-______________, which is becoming more andmore serious. First, ______________ second, ______________.4、现在,越来越多的人开始意识到________的严重性Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousnessof______________.5、最近几年人们基本意识到_________It is only during the last years that man has become generally awarethat______________.6、有一个旧的`说法________,它是我们父辈的经验,然而,今天在许多事情上,它仍是正确的There is an old saying, ______________. Its the experience of ourforefathers, however, it is correct in many cases ever today.7、英国谚语_______,这是非常正确的,因为_________The English proverb says, ______________. This is quite truebecause________.8、_____是______,同时又是_____,这两个因素已经引起______,我们应该做些什么解决________面对目前的环境______________ is now______________, and at the same time___________.Thesetwo factors have caused______________. Then what shall we dotosolve______________ in the face of such a situation.9、一位远古的哲人说过,________,中国人已经铭记于心One of our ancient philosophers said, ______________. Chinese people havealways been holding this idea to be one of their standards of morality.。
雅思大作文的万能开头分享
关于雅思大作文的万能开头分享
万能雅思大作文开头一:名人名言
有人问了,我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?,很好办:编!
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的.,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?
经典句型:
A proberb says, You are only young once.
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.
更多经典句型:
As everyone knows, No one can deny that
万能雅思大作文开头二:数字统计
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。
所以不妨试用下面的句型:
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.。
雅思写作考试开篇段六个万能写法雅思写作考试开篇段六个万能写法以下是小编带来的`雅思写作考试开篇段六个万能写法,欢迎阅读。
1.用副词开头Too often,students stray into the habit of cheating on tests.2.用同位语开头Air,water and oxygen,everything that is necessary for life.3.用状语开头Dark and empty,the house looked very different from the way I remembered it.4.用表语开头Equally essential to the highest success in learning a language are intense interest plus persistent effort.5.用宾语开头My advice you would not listen to; my helps you laughed at. Now you will have what you asked for.6.以短语修饰语开头1)以介词短语开头To me the news was very interesting,but to my wife very boring.2)以分词短语开头Disturbed by the discord of American life in recent decades,Manchester took flight for the pacific islands.3)以不定式短语开头To pass the exam,you should work very hard.以上就是这6个雅思写作开头方法的全部内容,非常简洁,配以例句。
这些雅思写作开头方法也可以灵活应用在雅思写作的其他部分,大家可以在自己的雅思写作备考当中应用这几个雅思写作方法,也许会收到意想不到的效果呢。
五大类高分雅思写作开头写法今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家带来的是五大类高分雅思写作开头写法的相关资讯,备考的烤鸭们,赶紧来看看吧!以下是五大类高分雅思写作开头写法:一.摆事实也就是通过对题目主题的理解,写一句对事实的描述,从而引出题目的话题或是问题。
例:1. Women and men are commonly seen as having different strengths and weakness. Is it right to exclude males or females from certain professions because of their gender?(Collins Unit1)There have always been differences in the types of work men and women have done...2. Convenience foods will become increasingly prevalent and eventually replace traditional foods and traditional methods of food preparation. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?(Collins Unit2)The increasing availability of convenience foods has been a significant feature of modern life in many developed countries...3. In many countries schools have severe problems with student behaviour. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest? (C4T4) Poor student behaviour seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this.4. In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this. (C5T2) It is quite common these days for young people in many countries to have a break from studying after graduating from high school.二.给原因也就是根据题目中的观点或是题目中的事实去向前推出一层原因,从而让开头更有逻辑。
万能雅思写作开头八大写法必看!在备考雅思中,有些烤鸭们表示雅思写作的开头写作是一个很大的问题,对于“开头难”这个问题,天道留学下面为大家分享八种雅思写作的万能开头写法,供大家雅思写作学习,希望对您雅思写作考试有所帮助,大家想了解更多信息,请关注天道留学。
下面就是天道留学小编为大家分享雅思写作开头八大写法,大家在雅思写作学习中可以参考一下,希望可以帮助大家的雅思备考。
开门见山的提出观点:1. When asked about..., most peoplesay...But many other people regard...as (I)personally think...当被问及时...有什么看法时,大多数人认为...,但是,还有很多人认为...我个人认为...2. When it comes to..., some people think that...Others argue that the opposite is true. There is probably some truth to both arguements, but...涉及...这一问题,有的人认为应该...另一些人持相反意见。
也许双方的观点都有一定道理,但是...3. It is widely acknowledged that...contributed to...Experts argue that China must introduce...But I doubt whether...alone will solve the problem.人们普遍认为...专家认为中国必须推行...但我对仅仅...就能解决问题表示怀疑。
4. An increasing number of people are joining...In reaction to the phenomenon, some say...But do they realize that...can also lead to...越来越多的人...进入了...针对这一现象,一些人认为...但是,他们有没有意识到...也能导致...5. One of the pressing problem facing our nation (China)today is ...and...我们国家(中国)如今面临的紧迫问题之一是...6. Perhaps the most dangerous phenomenon gripping the nation today is...也许当今困扰国家的最危险的现象是...7. Never before in history has the issue of...been more evident than now.历史上,...的问题从来没有比现在更突出。
11. The development of technology changes the way people interact with each other. In what ways does technology affect the types of relationships people make? Is it a positive or negative development?2. 开头段一As a matter of fact, the issue on the effects of science and technology is a complex and controversial one.Different individuals can hold various opinions due to their distinct backgrounds, therefore, 观点一there is no universal answer to this question. In some areas, some people believe that technology has brought benefits on people's relationship, 观点二in other fields, others maintain that it has some side effects.It is undeniable that science and technology has played an increasingly important role in modern society. The benefits2brought by such trend are obvious, but problems have also been welled up. As for its influences on people's relationship, I believe the advantages brought by technology outweigh its drawbacks.Even two decades ago, few people could have imagined that we can perform our daily tasks via computer. Now more and more people are choosing to do the shopping, banking and even work online. So how can such trend affect the interactions between modern-day people? I will give my answer in the following essay.9. There are social, medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phones? (高分范文P76)10. 这个题目中给出的话题是mobile phone ,所以考生可以从它产生的原因来考虑,就是科技的繁荣,而科技的繁荣,手机的广泛使用是在20世纪末,这样背景句就有内容可写了。
雅思大作文开头段模板第一大模板法:①引题+ ②一方观点+另一方观点+ ③我方观点①引题:九大引题方法一:①在谈到……时,人们对于这个充满争议的话题所持的观点各不相同。
①When talking about (/it comes to /it refers to) _____, people’s opinions are divergent on sucha controversial 有争议的issue. 有分歧的①A much debated issue these days is whether ……①There is a public (/general) debate (/discussion/ controversy) today (/nowadays) on (/about/ over/ as to) the problem (/issue) of ……三:①最近……的问题已经引起了人们广泛的争议。
①Recently the problem(/issue)of _____+ has drawn(/aroused) public (/worldwide) attention.+ has caused (/aroused) wide (/general/ considerable/ international) concern.+ has arisen(/loomed up/ cropped up) as controversial(/as noteworthy/ more distinctly for settlement).四:①近来……的问题已经广为天下人所知。
①Recently the issue (/problem) of ……has been in the limelight (/brought into focus/ brought to public attention/ posed among the general public). 在公众的注意之下五:①在过去的……年里,很多城市面临了……的严重问题。
雅思雅思大作文开头的最写法雅思雅思大作文开头的最实用写法雅思大作文开头最实用写法(上)Somepeople think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to dealwith. Others, however, think that each individual should take some actions.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.从这个考题题干中我们可以“提取”的名词为:environmentalproblem; environment; environmental protection; individual actions等。
接下来我们就可以将这些词作为主语来创造一个简单句,用上篇讲到的2种句式和思路,比如说我们选择最后一个词组,然后使用主系表结构,从其影响的角度切入,就有了以下这个“草稿”句:Individual actions seem insignificant.尽管这个句子不是我们最终写到作文里的句子,但是至少第一步我们已经用“原创”的方式将题干很好地进行了“引入”,只是我们需要进一步对这个句子进行修改和扩充。
在进行“润色”时,我们一般会从主语前的定语、动词的程度或频率、表语或宾语的修饰词及对比等方面进行扩展,经过第一轮扩展后,上述的句子就变为了:Our tiny individual actions often seem insignificant compared to the scale andcomplexity of global environmental problems such as pollution, deforestationand depletion of natural resources.这样一来,我们发现原来一个简单句经过加工以后可以写得那么长。
雅思大作文开头写法(2)雅思大作文开头实用写法汇总In almostevery modern society, newspapers have been playing an essential role in shaping people’s thoughts on a wide range of issues and are always regarded as an indispensable source of information.在这个导入句里,我们分别使用了2个主谓宾的简单句组合成了一个并列句,第一个句子从主语的“影响/作用”入手;而第二个句子则使用“被动语态”作为意思的切入方法。
再加上了状语等修饰成分的扩展,从而写出了以上这个背景导入句。
从效果来说,这个句子的意思已经将题干的内容充分引入到了文章里,因此,我们只需要在这个句子后直接给出自己的观点或主题即可:In myopinion, this complex phenomenon can be boiled down to several key factors, andboth its positive and negative aspects need to be analyzed thoroughly.二、观点导入句的写法一般来说,构成它的主要句式为宾语从句和同位语从句,而它和背景导入句之间的逻辑关系可以是因果关系,也可以是转折关系。
换句话说,若这个第三方观点的意思是顺着之前的背景导入句的,则用因果连词;倘若与前面的背景导入句的意思相反或不一致,则需使用转折连词。
此外,在写观点导入句时我们还需注意几点:一是观点导入句表示的是甲方或乙方的观点,因此在主语的选择上不能太绝对,不能出现“all the people; most people”等词;第二是观点导入句一般只需要写一个即可,不要同时将所有观点都导入进你的作文,否则可能会使文章观点不清晰和“臃肿”。
雅思大作文开头怎么写?虽说“好的开始是成功的一半”在雅思写作上并不适用,但是熟练掌握开头段的写作方法无疑可以节省考场时间,提高主体段写作效率。
今天,小编搬运并汇总整理前考官Simon对雅思大作文开头段写作方式的建议,并结合个人学习体会,和大家说说大作文开头段该怎么写。
基本原则:开头段的内容,来自原题和自己的观点。
审好题并确定自己观点后,可以着手写开头段。
1.两句话。
一句介绍话题,一句给出概括观点及原因或预告全文内容。
2.要提到问题中的所有内容。
3.如果题目要求给出你的观点,在开头段就写出来。
语言简洁准确即可,把更多时间和精力用于主体段。
题型分类:针对不同的题型和问题,开头段的具体写作方式有所区别。
下面结合例题和例文来具体说明。
一、Report类Report类题目的开头段相对简单,只需要改写题目介绍背景+概述全文内容。
例1:The number of plants and animals is declining. Describe some reasons for this problem and suggest some solutions.开头段:It is undeniable that wildlife habitats are being destroyed and whole species of plants and animals are disappearing. There are several causes of this alarming trend, but measures could certainly be taken to tackle the problem.解析:第一句改写题目,用whole species of plants and animals对应/替换plants and animals,用are disappearing 对应isdeclining,提到了题中所有内容并用“栖息地被破坏”进行了背景拓展。
非常实用的雅思写作开头模板在雅思大作文的写作中,开头起到了一个非常重要的提纲契领和标明观点的作用,所以准备一个雅思大作文开头的高分模板还是很有必要的对于雅思写作来说,开头段是十分重要的,往往起到一个“点睛”的作用,那么雅思写作怎么开头才好呢?下面是小编为您收集整理的非常实用的雅思写作开头模板,供大家参考!非常实用的雅思写作开头模板一、雅思大作文写作类型:雅思task 2一共有两种类型,第一种为Argumentation, 第二种为Report。
Argumentation:1)给出一种观点-------Do you agree or disagree?Nowadays computer are widely used in education. As a result, some people think teachers no longer play important roles in classrooms.To what extent do you agree or disagree?2)给出两种对立的观点-------Discuss both views and give your own opinions.Some people argue that there are no basic differences between the way men and women approach academic study. Others insist that there are big differences in areas such as organization, attitude and ambition.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.3)分析优缺点-------Do you think the advantages/ benefits outweigh its disadvantages/ problems?Some people agree to adopt a new language (Such as English) that can be used by people all of the world for international communication.Do you think the benefits of this would outweigh theproblems?Report:给出一种现象1) Why?2) Result?3) Solution?1,2或1,3(1, 2) Nowadays, people always throw the old things away when they buy new things; whereas in the past, old things were repaired and used again. What factors cause this phenomenon? What effects the phenomenon leads to?(1, 3) Many species of plants and animals are dying out. What are the causes of this trend? How can we prevent it?3. How to write an introduction:Argumentation:1) 选立场2) 改写题目+表明立场表明立场的两种方式:1) 直接回答问题2) 通过让步引出个人立场Lectures were used in the past as an old way of teaching a large number of students. As new technology is now available for education, some people suggest that there is no justification for lectures. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Recent years have experienced a marked development on new technology used in education and people are focusing great attention on whether this technology can be substituted for lectures. Some people contend that new technology can replace lectures. From my point of view, I tend to disagree with this view.Recent years have experienced a marked development on new technology used in education and people are focusing great attention on whether this technology can be substituted forlectures. Despite those who believe that there is no justification for lectures, in my position, I am convinced that lectures are still crucial in education while modern technology is also beneficial to some extent.Report:改写题目+一句话(In this essay, I will analyze问题A+问题B)The quality of life in big cities is worsening. What do you think the reasons are? What can you suggest as a solution?Today, the world’s biggest cities continue to expand in size as increasingly more people are choosing to migrate towards an urban lifestyle. Often the drawbacks of this phenomenon include the worsening of the overall quality of life found there. In this essay, I will analyze the factors and solutions of this phenomenon.二、雅思写作开头模板第一段:(引子)第一句:描述背景 There are various different opinions on the subject of …替换句型:there are widely differing views on the issue of whether …or not .The issue of whether …or not is certainly a contentious one .The past 20 years have seen a dramat ic increase in …The past 20 years have seen a considerable increase in …These days , it seems that …第二句:引入话题while some people might suggest that … ,替换句型:1. while some still hold to the view that …2. this raises certain question about …3. Despite the arguments of some people that …第三句:表达观点I personally believe that …替换句型:1. In this essay , I intend to argue that …2. I would argue that the overall impact of … has in fact beennegative / positive . Two of the primary drawbacks associated with this trend are as follows .3. Although there are valid arguments to the contrary , in this paper I will argue that4. It is my believe that …5. Personally I do not agree with this opinion , for the following reasons6. However , I am not a believer in the a rgument that …7. I disagree with this point of view for the following reasons以上就是关于雅思写作开头模板的总结,希望这篇文章可以帮助到考生们。
雅思大作文开头最实用写法关于雅思考试大作文,多考生担心写不出好的议论文开头,或者担心写出来的内容千篇一律,无法吸引考官的眼球。
为此,不少同学苦练各种个性化开头或者冥思苦想高级词汇。
但真正上了考场,这些都是浮云。
要在考场中写出最实用且又不会雷同又可以顺利引出下文的开头其实很容易,看了笔者接下来的分析,大家就一定可以掌握。
导入句和主题句,二者缺一不可。
而导入句又分为背景导入句和观点导入句。
考虑到主题句和观点导入句都是属于非常简单的环节,笔者接下来将重点讲解背景导入句的写法。
我们先来看一个引言段:Thanks totechnological advances, we have spawned numerous products like the computersand the Internet and thus altered our lifestyles completely. However, somepeople argue that the recent technologies have destroyed the bond betweenfamilies and friends and brought much more negative effects to the society.Personally, I would disagree.这是一个标准的50字左右的雅思大作文引言段,应该说总体写得还是很流畅的,比如它的导入句意思衔接合理,观点鲜明且导入题目充分,所以这样一个引言段若是能够在考场中写出来的话应该可以满足大部分考生的期望。
然而,如果我们深入分解了这个引言段后,我们其实不难发现,写法技巧上非常朴实,第一个句子是对于题目的背景描述,第二个句子给出了第三方的立场,而最后一个句子表明了自己的态度。
这样一气呵成的写作方式就是笔者马上会给大家详细介绍的。
在拿到一个考题后,首先当然我们必须把它认真仔细得阅读2-3遍,然后在心里默默地翻译给自己听。
在充分理解了题目以及写作指令后,接着就要进行立场的选择,这里我要特别强调的是审题结束后马上就给出一个明确的立场是很必要的,它也在很大程度上决定了引言段一上来的几个句子的意思选择。
我们在引言段最初的1到3个句子里是对考题的背景导入,要做好这一步,我们还是得从2个简单句说起,即主谓宾和主系表。
所有接下来的句子,不论长短,都是从这2种简单句发展出来的。
我们在创造这2个句子时,主系表通常是从主语的功能、作用和影响这3个方面入手。
那主语又是什么呢?一般来说,在主系表这个结构中的主语,可以是考题中直接涉及的某个名词,也可以是围绕这个核心名词的一些外围名词,举个例子来讲:Shoppinghas become a favorite pastime for some young people. Do we need to encourageyoung people to do something more useful in their free time? What is youropinion?这个题目的核心词汇当然就是shopping这一词了,若采用主系表原创背景导入句的话,一般我们是以这个词作为句子的主语,但是如果我们再思考一下,其实pastime或者是它的近义词也是可以作为句子的主语的。
两者的区别在于直接用shopping作主语写出来的句子就直接和题目产生了关系,马上就充分引入了背景;而使用pastime 或者是近义的名词作为主语的话可能我们还需要再写1到2个句子才能将题目涉及的背景充分导入到引言段中。
但是这2种构思其实都还是非常不错的。
我们不妨再来通过另外一个题目加深对刚才这种主语选择的理解:People arenow able to perform everyday tasks such as shopping, banking, businesstransactions without meeting others face-to-face. What are the effects on bothindividuals and the society as a whole?这个考题的核心词汇就不如之前那个题目那么容易找到了,我们需要具备一定的概括能力才能使用诸如modern lifestyle或者e-commerce之类的词来作为第一句话的主语。
同时,在题目中它涉及的几个例子,像在线银行交易,网购等其实也可以作为主语,2类主语选择的区别我想大家应该可以通过前面一个例子的分解明白了吧?会选合适的主语以后,接着我们就来选择恰当的表语,尽管我们无需讲出表语的定义,但是首先有必要讲一下表语的词性,有3种,名词,形容词和不定式。
只有知道其3种词性,我们才能准确地选择词汇。
在主语确定后,我们就通过对于主语的功能、作用和影响3方面入手,在名词、形容词和不定式里选择一种来造句。
比如:Televisionis a powerful tool of communication.在这个句子中,作者通过对电视功能的介绍,使用名词作为表语成功地造出了这个首句。
又如:Computersare now essential in our daily life.作者在这个句子中利用了形容词作表语解释了电脑在现在生活中的影响。
Somepeople think that environmental problems are too big for individuals to dealwith. Others, however, think that each individual should take some actions.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.从这个考题题干中我们可以提取的名词为:environmentalproblem; environment; environmental protection; individual actions等。
接下来我们就可以将这些词作为主语来创造一个简单句,用上篇讲到的2种句式和思路,比如说我们选择最后一个词组,然后使用主系表结构,从其影响的角度切入,就有了以下这个草稿句:Individual actions seem insignificant.尽管这个句子不是我们最终写到作文里的句子,但是至少第一步我们已经用原创的方式将题干很好地进行了引入,只是我们需要进一步对这个句子进行修改和扩充。
在进行润色时,我们一般会从主语前的定语、动词的程度或频率、表语或宾语的修饰词及对比等方面进行扩展,经过第一轮扩展后,上述的句子就变为了:Our tiny individual actions often seem insignificant compared to the scale andcomplexity of global environmental problems such as pollution, deforestationand depletion of natural resources.这样一来,我们发现原来一个简单句经过加工以后可以写得那么长。
但是这样一个不错的句子也并非是最后的版本,因为当我们对一个简单句完成了文字修饰后,我们可以再对句式进行提升。
在这里,我给大家讲一个很实用的扩展方法,叫做广义化,也就是说,当你完成的这个简单句的意思代表大多数人的意见的时候,我们可以在这个句子前增加主语从句,从而使其具有广泛性。
刚才的句子经过了这样的加工后就变成了:It is true that our tiny individual actions often seem insignificantcompared to the scale and complexity of global environmental problems such aspollution, deforestation and depletion of natural resources.这样一来,大家是不是觉得这个句子写得更好了呢?的确,经过广义化以后,原本的简单句就变成了一个名词性从句,从句式上提升了档次。
类似的广义化引导句型其实并不是只有这一个,里面的词是可以根据实际意思进行灵活改变的,比如我们还可以用It is generally believed that...; Common sense tells us that... 等,同时,也并不是每个简单句都非要扩展,具体还是要看意思的安排而定。
下面我们再来看一个题目:Somepeople believe that improve public health should increase the number of sportsfacilities; others believe that it has little effects and need other measuresto improve it. Discuss both views and give your opinion.从这个考题的题干中我们可以提取的名词为publichealth; sports facilities等。
接着我们可以用主谓宾的简单句,从被动的角度原创一个句子:Sports facilitiesare needed.在此基础上,我们继续对这个句子的成分进行扩充:The construction of new sports facilities are definitelyneeded.经过了这样的扩展,我们不难发现句子已经初现规模了,但是结合了题干的意思后我们需要再进行一系列文字加工,因为从这个句子的意思上来说,似乎缺少了一个地点状语,因为并不是所有城市中都一定需要新建体育设施,所以我们就有了下面的改进:The construction of new sports facilities are definitelyneeded in an environment where people’s health is in a declining state.这样一个句子大家是不是觉得很体面了呢?那么这个句子我们是否也需要广义化的扩展呢?回答是否定的,因为在这个句子中,我们已经通过增加地点状语的方式为其设置了一定的条件,再为了句式复杂而刻意增加从句就显得不是很有必要了,同时,从它的中文意思上来说,也不一定能够得到大部分人的认可,所以这个句子我们就不用再进一步扩展了。
通过对上述2个真题的详解,想必大家已经对背景导入句如何进行原创有了一定的认识了吧?接着我们来看后续的写法。