高中英语状语从句

状语从句

一．状语从句定义

状语从句是一个相当于副词的从句，在句中起副词的作用，充当状语。状语从句主要分为时间，地点，原因，方式，条件，让步，比较，目的和结果状语从句。

温馨提示：一般情况下，状语从句从句的引导词在状语从句中不充当成分，根据上下文的逻辑关系来选引导词，所以要重点掌握状语从句的引导词的含义。

二.状语从句的引导词

状语从句中的常用连词和特殊连词

从句

类型 常用连接词 特殊连接词

时间状语从句 when，while，as，before，after，since，till，until，as soon

as,

by the time 一些时间名词：the

moment，the instant，the

minute，the day，next

time，every time，the first

time，the last time

一些副词：instantly，immediately，directly

固定搭配的连词：no

sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when

地点状语从句 where wherever，anywhere

原因状语从句 because，since，as，for considering that，given that，in that，now that，for the

reason that

目的状语从句 (so) that，in order that lest，for fear that，in case

结果状语从句 so/such...that，so that to the/such a degree that，to

the/such an extent that

条件状语从句 if，unless，as long as suppose，supposing，providing，provided，on

condition that

让步状语从句 although，though，even

though，even if while(一般用于句首)，as(用于倒装结构)，wh－ever＝no

matter wh－，whether...or...

比较状语从句 as，than the more...，the more...

方式状语从句 as，as if/though the (same) way，A is to B

what C is to D

1. 时间状语从句

状语从句中从属连词when，while，as的多种含义

when：当……时候；就在那时；既然；虽然；在……之后；

as：一边……一边；随着；虽然；因为；依照，如……；

while：在……期间；而；虽然。 用when，while和as填空：

①He will take my place ________ I am away.

②I was having my lunch ________ the fire alarm went off.

③________ you have finished your work，you may have a rest.

④________ he swam，he cried for help.

⑤________ the Internet is of great help，I don't think it good to spend too much

time on it.

【答案】①while ②when ③When ④As ⑤While

before的用法

注意判断before在状语从句中的含义：才；就；趁……没有；还没来得及；宁可……也不；不知不觉。

【解析】before 常用于以下句型：

It will (not ) be +时间段+ before….表示“要过多久/ 不久…才…”

It was not long + before …表示“不久就….”

It was +时间段+ before …表示“过了多久才…”

1. 判断以下各句中before的含义：

( )①We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

( )②We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.

( )③Please write it down before you forget it.

( )④Before I could get in a word，he had measured me.

( )⑤She would die before she'd give in.

( )⑥Three months went by before we knew it.

2. 区别以下句型：

用before，that，since，when填空：

①It's three days ________ he returned home.

②It was three days________ he returned home.

③It will be three days________ he returns home.

④It was three days later ________ he returned home.

⑤It was three o'clock ________ he returned.

【答案】1. ①才 ②就 ③趁……没有 ④还没来得及 ⑤宁可……也不

⑥不知不觉

2. ①since ②before ③before ④that ⑤when

[注]解答此类题目关键有三点：首先要确定是不是强调句，当我们把it is/was以及连接词去掉时，剩余局部若能构成一个完整的句子，就是强调句，这时连词用that；否则，就要考虑它的句式特点。其次要看是时间段还是时间点。再次是连接词前后的时态。当确定为时间段时，连接词前后时态不一致，用since；时态一致，用before；当确定为时间点时，强调句就用that，否则就用when。

The moment he saw me ,he recognized me. 他一看见我，就认出我了（the

moment,the minute, the instant 名词连词化=as soon as=immediately,directly 副词连词化） .till/until 表示到...时间为止主句的动作结束。Not...until...表示到...时间为止主句的动作才开始。until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。

Eg. He waited.( until I came here等的动作在我来的时候结束）

他等到我来这儿。

He didn’t go there until he finished his homework.(去那里到他完成作业时才发生）直到他完成作业才去那儿。

①She ________ (sleep) until midnight.

She ________ (arrive)until midnight.

②He didn't go to bed until he finished his work.

＝____．(倒装句)＝____．(强调句)

【答案】①slept；didn't arrive ②Not until he finished his work did he go to

bed；It was not until he finished his work that he went to bed

2.地点状语从句:where ,wherever

Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。

I want to go wherever climate is mild. 我想去气候温和的地方。

3.原因状语从句：because, since, as, in that, now that（= since）

Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school.（直接原因）因为他病了，他没去上学。

Since/Now that we are all here, let’s begin our meeting.（大家都知道的原因，since既然）

既然大家都到齐了，我们开始开会吧。

As he did not know much English , he looked up the word in the dictionary .

因为他不懂什么英语，所以查字典。

He is a good student in that he studies hard.(in that在于）

温馨提示:because, since, as, in that, now that（= since）的区别

because 表示直接原因，用于下面几种情况

1）用why 提问，回答时必须用because

----Why was he late?

----Because he was caught in the traffic jam.

2)只有because 能用于强调句中 ,不能用since, as, in that, now that

It is because he didn’t study hard that he failed in the exam.

3）当前面有副词时，如partly/mainly/totally等，只能用because

The air pollution is very serious mainly because vehicles let out carbon

dioxide.

空气污染很严重主要因为车辆排放二氧化碳。

since=now that “既然”，不是直接原因，是大家都知道的原因。

as “因为”，在口语中可代替because.

for 是并列连词，放在句末，用逗号和前面的句子隔开，表示解释说明。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.（两个并列句）

昨天晚上一定下雨了，因为地湿了。

4. 让步状语从句: although, though, even if, even though, as, whatever(=mo