英语字母和常见字母组合的发音规律

英语26个字母及常见字母组合发音规律一、26个字母发音规律a ⒈/ei/ name able cake table take date⒉/æ/ apple cat map am match matter sad and angry⒊/α: / dance last pass plant⒋/כ/ want what watch washb /b/ book big bag boxc ⒈/k/ clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain clothes⒉/s/ face nice pencil city cinemad /d/ desk doll dog dad day don’t dish does deepe⒈/i:/ he she me evening meter⒉/e/ elephant egg bed pen best get empty Feb. next then send⒊/i/ enjoy English eleven because forestf /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funnyg⒈/ɡ/ gun glass glad go get ⒉/dз/ age orange villageh /h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hospitali ⒈/ai / fine bike five ice climber hiking kind⒉/i/ is sit miss pig picture ill dinner him listen pick riverj /dз/ jeep jacket jump Jan. July Junek/k/ kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake likel ⒈/l/ leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play⒉/l/ apple bowl tell old tail whalem /m/ am map my mouth milkn ⒈/n/ no know new hand ⒉/ŋ/ thank think thing uncle swing o ⒈/əu / old home nose coke tomato tofu over hold piano⒉/כ/ dog not clock box robot on from forest often stop⒊/Λ / son month mot her love young⒋/u:/ who do whosep /p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please policemanq /kw/ quite quilt quickr /r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror librarys ⒈/s/ sit miss this books spring swim sleep sometimes grass⒉/z/ nose those rose rulers seasont /t/ it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plantu ⒈/ju:/ use usually excuse menu⒉/Λ/ bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must⒊/u/ put pull helpfulv /v/ five vapour very seven village livew /w/ we window watch want wait water Wednesday winter withx /ks/ box six fox relaxy ⒈/ai / my fly why bye⒉/j/ yes yellow young yesterday⒊/i/ happy baby very windy snowy studyz / z / zoo zero㈡元音组合ai /ei/ wait paintay /ei/ may play day sayair /εə/ air hair chairal / כ:/ tall small ballar /α: / farther farm car arm garden hardly partyea ⒈/i:/ meat please tea read cleaner east easy leaf season⒉/e/ head bread ready ⒊/iə/ theater 4. /ei / greatear ⒈/ iə/ ear hear near ⒉/ εə/ bear ⒊/ ə: / earth learn ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeep seed weekend sweet sweepeir / εə/ theirer ⒈/ ə/ worker teacher November later ⒉/ ə: / herere ⒈/i ə/ here ⒉/εə/ where thereew ⒈/ju: / new few ⒉/u: / flew grewigh /ai / right high brightir /ə: / bird girl shirt thirty thirdoa /əu / boat coat road goatong /כŋ / long songoo ⒈/u/ book foot good look ⒉/u:/ moon balloonor ⒈/ כ:/ short fork pork north ⒉/ə: / word world workoor /o: / door floorore /כ:/ more store soreou / au / out house mouth cloud south bounceour ⒈/ כ:/ four your ⒉/auə/ ourow ⒈/ əu / bowl window know row ⒉/au / now cow flower down how Oy /כi/ boy toyur / ə: / turn㈢辅音组合th ⒈/θ/ thank mouth thin think twelfth⒉/ ð/ this that with togethertr /tr/ tree train tripdr /dr/ dress driversh /∫/ shirt wash short ship shine shop show freshch ⒈/t∫/ child chair catch teach watch⒉/ k / school Christmastw /tw/ two twin twentywh ⒈/w/ white wheel what⒉/h/ who whose whomts /ts/ jackets kitesds /dz/ birds friend。

英语字母和常见字母组合的发音规律1、总领：元音字母音多变，熟记规律也不难。

辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。

字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。

遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连。

元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站。

字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。

2、元音字母及字母组合的发音口诀。

元音字母a、o、e、i(y)、u 的发音口诀：
元音字母音多变，熟记规律也不难。

常见的元音字母组合的发音：
字母组合固定音，常受影响发音变，千锤百炼习语感。

3、辅音字母及字母组合的发音口诀。

辅音字母发音口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。

辅音字母组合发音口诀：字母组合固定音，千锤百练习语感。

双写分节不分音：miss apple egg rabbit
1/ 1。

英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。

辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。

字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。

遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连。

元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀：元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。

a:重开音节读[ei]name [ei], table, cake, lake, late例外：have读做[hæv]而不是[heiv]重闭音节[æ][ɔ╱ɔ:][a:]cap [æ], catch, grammar [æ/ə],（在[w]音后面）water [ɔ:]war watch （wh后面读[ɔ]）what whatever（在f n sk ph sp ss st th r前[a:]）after, plant, basket, graph, class, fast, father,car, park非重音节读[ə][i]dollar[ə], America, asleep, alone, afraid,（常见）orange [i],village, cabbage e:重开读[i:]重闭[e]he [i:], she [i:], we [i:], me [i:], evening [i:]red [e], pencil [e], empty [e], desk [e], umbrella [e], French [e]非重 [ə] [i]或不读children [ə],women, pretty, the,（常见）basket [i],不读open, hundred, whose [z], house, nice, face, white, name, give, side, wake, prize, fine, orange, apple [pl], table [bl], little [tl], middle [dl], bicycle [kl]i:重开读[ai]重闭[i]right [ai], bicycle, white, this [i], which, his,building, 非重[i][ə][ai]或不读animal[i] office, beautiful[ə],holiday, children,exercise[ai]不读pencil, cousino:重读音节读[əu][ʌ]此外重开读[u:]重闭[ɔ]no [əu], cold [əu], those [əu], come [ʌ], some, mother, brother, son, month, [u:], who, do, to, two, dog [ɔ], not, hot, sorry, shop, box, whose非重[ə][əu]或不读policeman [ə], today, occasion(场合, 时机, 机会), also[əu], zero, radio不读pardon, lessonu：重开[ju:][u:]重闭[ʌ][u]use [ju:], usually, tube, music, pupil, ruler [u:],Sue, blue, umbrella [ʌ], mum, hungry, bus, just, cup, put [u], full, pull,非重[ə][u][ju:][ʌ]autumn[ə], difficult, beautiful[u], full, January[ju:], museum, umbrella[ʌ]y ：your [j], you, yes, yellow, young, my [ai], style, fry, cry, bicycle [i], baby, ready, hungry, very, empty, busy, body, slowlya--- ay [ei] day, say, play, way, weekday, birthday, // [i] Sunday, Monday,ar [a:] car, star, farm, are, park, // [ə] dollar, collar, grammar,al [ɔ:] all, ball, small, hall, walk, chalk, // [a:] half,au [ɔ:] daughter, fault, cause, August[`ɔ:gəst] [ɔ] because, [a:] laugh,air [aiə] air, chair, hair, pair, fair,ai [ei] aid, aim, rain, afraid, wait, straight, faith (信念, 宗教信仰, 忠实,) aw [ɔ:] draw, law, saw, awful, raw,e--- ea [i:] teacher, tea, eat, meat, read, clean [e] bread, breakfast, head, [ei] great, break, steak,ee [i:] meet, teeth, see, three, green, week, freezing, queen,ei [ei] eight, weigh, weight, [i:] receive, receipt (收条, 收据, 收到),er [ə:] her, emergency (紧急情况, 紧急突发事件, 非常时刻)[ə] teacher, sister, brother, farmer, worker, letter, over,ear [iə] ear, hear, near, year, fear, [εə] pear, wear, swear(宣誓, 发誓), [ə:] early, earth, earn,ere [iə] here [εə] there,eir [εə] their,eer [iə] beer, deer, cheer(欢呼/喝彩), engineer,ey [ei] they, grey, hey,ew [ju:] new, few, view(景色, 风景, 观点, 见解),辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。

（完整版）英语字母的发音规则英语字母及字母组合的发音规则（一）元音字母的发音规则1. 字母Aa的发音：重读开音发/e?/ name face plane grape snake game classmate table baby sale 重读闭音发/?/ bag black thank panda rabbit apple grandpa and can lamp fan lamb carrot trash flat ant dad man family fat happy 轻读发/?/ about panda elephant America banana umbrella sofa vegetable轻读发/?/ orange village cabbage重读发/ɑ:/ ask fast task answer after father g iraffe class banana grass 在/w/后面发/?/ want what watch wash quality /?kw?l?t? / 质量，品质*例外water /?:/重读发/e/ any many anything anyone anybody anyway重读发/e?/ parents various /?ve?r??s /各种各样的2. 字母Ee的发音：重读开音发/i:/ he she we these even complete完成compete 竞赛，竞技重读闭音发/e/ pen pencil ten red yellow elephant seven well yes very tell sell desk umbrella bed help chess menu fresh set get 轻读发/?/ open problem children quiet science parents 轻读发/?/ eraser eleven because before decide report design prepare重读发/??/ period/?p??r??d/ 时段，时期3. 字母i (y)的发音：重读开音发/a?/ fine five nine kite time like knife drive ride climb child kind nice write white type sky why my try bye fly 重读闭音发/?/ six it is pig milk gift this sister fish big picture windowfridge English thin ill dish river visit listen tip ship y字母轻读时发/?/ friendly usually happy easy healthy funny busy i轻读发/?/ terrible possible pencil cousini重读发/i:/ police/p??li:s/警察magazine/m?g?zi:n/杂志machine/mi:n/ 机器unique /ju:?ni:k/唯一的，独特的technique /tek`ni:k/技巧4. 字母Oo的发音：重读开音发/??/ nose go open yo-yo no photo phone home those over close 重读闭音发/?/ dog hot coffee doll from lock orange box long doctor sockshop God strong office not stop often hobby drop 重读闭音发/?/ son monkey mother come some colour love does money company become ton other another brother轻读发/?/ second to?day com?puter to?day to?morrow to?mato重读发/u:/ do shoes to move移动remove去除tomb/tu:m/坟墓o不发音：season reason*三个o特殊发音的单词：woman /?/women /?/one /w?/5. 字母Uu的发音：重读开音发/ju:/ use useful usually cute duty music computer 重读闭音发/?/ bus but sun sunlight supper fun cut duck gun jump runhug study重读闭音发/?/ pull push bush put full bull(公牛)轻读发/?/ autumn succeed/s?k?si:d/成功(动) success suggest/s??d?est/建议重读开音发/u:/ super blue ruller glue June true rude重读发/j??/ during/?dju?r??/在…期间curious /?kju?r??s/好奇的*两个u特殊发音的单词: busy/?b?z?/ 忙的bury /?ber?/ 埋葬（二）元音字母与r字母组合的发音规则1. ar字母组合的发音：重读发/ɑ:/ are car card farm arm start art garden sharpener smart far park hard alarm party March mark dark轻读发/?/ sugar/g?/糖dollar美元在w后发/?:/ warm warn war quarter/?kw?:t?/一刻钟；四分之一2. er字母组合的发音：重读发/?:/ certainly serve term person轻读发/?/ sharpener hamburger under teacher tiger farmer driver summer3. ir字母组合的发音重读发/?:/ bird third thirteen thirty girl first dirty firm4. or字母组合的发音重读发/?:/ short fork sport morning report for born horse轻读发/?/ doctor vistor actor for?get ?monitor班长在w后发/?:/ work word world worth值得的worm蠕虫5. ur字母组合的发音重读发/?:/ purple turn nurse hurt hamburger Thursday Saturday curtain帘子轻读发/?/ surprise惊讶surround/s??raund/包围survive存活（三）字母a与其它字母组合的发音规则1. ai字母组合的发音：重读发/e?/ paint rain rainbow tail wait train轻读不发音certain certainly Britain curtain特殊发音：said /e/2. au字母组合的发音：重读发/?:/August cause fault autumn pause sauce调味汁sausage香肠发/?/because Australia发/ɑ:/ aunt laugh3. al字母组合的发音：/?:/small tall fall talk walk/?:l/ always almost already salt altogether/ɑ:/ half calm镇定，平静4. aw字母组合的发音：重读发/?:/ draw paw爪子saw law法律dawn黎明crawl爬行5. air字母组合的发音：发/e?/ air chair hair airport repair pair upstair6. are字母组合的发音：发/e?/ prepare share care careful dare敢7. augh字母组合的发音：发/?:/ taught teach的过去式caught catch的过去式daughter 女儿naughty淘气的发/ɑ:f/ laugh8. ay字母组合的发音：重读发/e?/ day today pay play say way away may May hoo?ray好哇，万岁！轻读发/?/ holiday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 特殊发音：says/e/（四）字母e与其它字母组合的发音规则1. ea字母组合的发音：发/i:/ teacher teach peach seat team clean please read jeans cheap speak leave easy eat发/e/ bread dead head heavy health healthy ready weather weather发/e?/ great break steak牛排发/??/ real really idea2. ee字母组合的发音：发/i:/ meet three queen jeep see sheep tree feel feet bee3. ear字母组合的发音：发/??/ ear hear near dear clear fear year发/?:/ heard hear的过去式learn early search寻找research研究，调查发/e?/ pear bear wear穿，戴*特殊发音的单词：heart /ɑ:/心脏，心4. ei字母组合的发音：重读发/e?/neighbour /?ne?b?/邻居重读发/i:/ receive收到seize抓住ceiling天花板轻读发/?/ foreign/?f?r?n/外国的foreigner外国人5. ew字母组合的发音：发/ju:/ few new news newspaper报纸发/u:/ blew吹（blow的过去式）flew飞（fly的过去式）threw扔（throw的过去式）crew全体船员发/??/ sew 缝纫6. ere字母组合的发音：发/??/ here sincere/s?n?s??/真诚的mere仅仅，只是发/e?/there where7. eer字母组合的发音：发/??/ deer beer cheer peer同龄人，同伴engineer/?endn??/工程师8. ey字母组合的发音：重读发/e?/ they hey obey遵守grey灰色重读发/ i:/ key轻读发/?/ honey monkey donkey money valley山谷volleyball 排球9. eigh字母组合的发音：发/e?/ eight eighteen eighty weigh weight*特殊发音：height /a?/ 高度10. ex字母组合的发音：发/?ks/ ex?press表达ex?pressoion ex?plain解释ex?pensive贵的ex?periment实验发/eks/?extra额外的?excellent极好的?exercise练习，运动?exit出口发/?gz/ exam考试exact确切的（五）字母i与其它字母组合的发音规则1. ie字母组合的发音：发/i:/ piece片，块be?lieve field田地thief小偷chief主要的，长官niece侄女发/a?/die lie tie发/a??/ quiet diet饮食science科学发/??/ fierce凶猛的2. ire字母组合的发音：发/a??/ tire（使）累hire雇佣wire电线in?spire激励desire渴望admire崇拜3. igh字母组合的发音：发/a?/ right fight high night bright light might (may 的过去式) （六）字母o与其它字母组合的发音规则1. oa字母组合的发音：发/??/ boat goat goal coat road load(载重，载入)发/?:/broad宽阔的abroad在国外2. oar字母组合的发音：发/?:/ board板blackboard roar咆哮，怒吼soar高飞3. oi和oy字母组合的发音：发/??/ boy toy joy enjoy oil油noise吵闹声noisy boil煮沸，沸腾，（水）开4. oo字母组合的发音：发/?/ 记住这些单词：book good goodbye look cook(煮，烹饪) wood(木头) foottook understood stood hook (钩子) hoo?ray好哇，万岁！发/u:/ afternoon ballnoon too food school noon room noodle spoon boots soon cool tool fool moon发/?/ 记住两个单词：flood(洪水) blood(血)5. oor字母组合的发音：发/?:/ 记住两个单词：floor(地板) door发/??/ 记住这个单词：poor(贫穷的)6. ou字母组合的发音：发/a?/ mouth cloud mouse sound house mountain about count south round 发/?/ enough/??n?f/ 足够的cousin country 发/u:/ you soup group routine/ru:?ti:n/常规工作发/??/shoulder肩膀soul心灵发/?/*记住这个单词cough /k?f/ 咳嗽轻读发/?/dangerous危险的famous出名的humorous幽默的7. ough字母组合的发音：发/?:/ fought（fight的过去式）thought（think的过去式）brought（bring的过去式）bought（buy的过去式）*记住这些特殊发音的单词：though/e??/尽管，即使plough /pla?/耕地through/θru:/ 穿过，通过（介词）thorough /?θ?r?/ 彻底的，完全的8. our字母组合的发音：发/a??/our hour flour面粉发/??/ tour (旅途，旅行) tourist(游客)轻读发/?/ humo(u)r幽默colo(u)r favo(u)r赞同，喜爱neighbo(u)r邻居9. ow字母组合的发音：发/a?/ brown how flower down now发/??/ rainbow window know snow ?follow show flow水流，流动*特殊发音的单词：knowledge /?n?l?d?/ 知识10. ure字母组合的发音：重读发/??/ sure确信的，的确surely en?sure使确信重读发/j??/ cure治愈ma?ture成熟的se?cure安全的轻读发/?/ pleasure/?ple??/高兴measure/?me??/尺寸，措施treasure/?tre??/财宝（七）辅音字母的发音规则Bb /b/ Cc 在a, o和u前发/k/；在e和i前发/s/ Dd /d/ Ff /f/ Gg /g/ /d?/ Hh /h/ Jj /d?/ Kk /k/ Ll /?/ Mm /m/ Nn /n/ /?/ Pp /p/ Qq /k/ Rr /r/ Ss /s/ /z/ /?/ /?/ Tt /t/ Vv /v/ Ww /w/ Xx /ks/ /gz/ Yy /j/ Zz /z/（八）需特别注意的辅音字母的发音规则1. c字母的特殊发音：c在单词中间，ia和ie前发/?/ social社会的，社交的official官方的mu?sician音乐家ancient/?ent/古代的2. g字母的特殊发音：garage/?g?rɑ:?/ 车库；修车间3. s字母的特殊发音：/?/ sure sugar Russia Asia/?/ usual usually pleasure measure treasure4. n字母的特殊发音：n在/k/和/g/前面发/?/ think thank angry bank language5. x字母的发音：在结尾或辅音前发/ks/ box fox text except expert export在元音前发/gz/ exam exact example*发/k?/ anxious /k??s/焦虑的；焦急的6. l字母的两种发音：l后面有元音就发/?/ （了）look like fly love family live friendly l后面没有元音就发/?/（猴）apple people beautiful fall film salt help child（九）需特别注意的辅音字母组合的发音规则1. ng字母组合在词尾发/?/ thing something sing song long strong wrong young2. ch字母组合的发音：发/t?/ teacher peach chance church beach cheer cheap chip ouch发/k/ school ache痛technology /tek?n?l?d??/技术chemistry/?kem?str?/化学发/?/ machine /mi:n/ 机器moustache /m??stɑ:?/ 小胡子发/d?/ sandwich 三明治3. ck字母组合发/k/ cock duck clock chicken kick Jack back black lock pick4. tch字母组合发/t?/ match 比赛；匹配catch 抓住fetch 去拿来5. th字母组合的发音：发/θ/ think thank fourth thing thin three third fifth发/e/ they this that with there these those father mother brother6. qu字母组合发/kw/ quite quiet quick quiz question quarter quality7. que字母组合发/k/ technique /tek?ni:k/技巧cheque /t?ek/支票unique/ju:?ni:k/ 唯一的，独特的8. ph字母组合发/f/ elephant photo telephone9. gh字母组合发/f/ enough 足够的tough 强壮的，威猛的rough 粗糙的cough咳嗽10. kn字母组合发/n/，k不发音knife know knee膝盖knit编织knot结，打结11. wr字母组合发/r/，w不发音wrong write wrap包裹wrinkle 皱纹；起皱12. wh字母组合的发音：发/w/ what white why which when where wheel车轮发/h/ who whose whom whole整个13. ture字母组合轻读发/t??/ picture culture/?k?lt??/文化future/?fju:t??/未来temperature/tempr?t??/温度14. tion字母组合的发音：发/??n/ station(车)站nation国家，民族action动作education/?edju:?ken/教育发/t??n/ *记住这两个单词：question suggestion /s??d?est??n/ 建议15. ssion或sion字母组合的发音：发/??n/ expression/?ks?pre??n/表达，表情impression/?m?pre??n/印象intension/?n?ten??n/专心致志发/??n/ decision/d??si??n/决定explosion/?ks?pln/爆炸conclusion/k?nk?lu:??n/结论decision/d??sn/决定（十）单词附加词尾的发音规则英语中单词的附加词尾主要有：名词的复数形式，动词的第三人称单数形式，动词的-ed形式，动词的-ing形式，和形容词的比较级和最高级形式。

1.字母 b一般读/b/;如：bike;bus; bag; boot;2.但位于m后或t前;这时b不发音..如：climb;comb;tomb; debt;doubt如果不在同一个音节里;不受影响..如：December; November..试读下列单词：big; bed; break; bomb; tomb; lamb2字母Cc的发音规律1.字母c 在胖元音a; o; u和辅音字母之前读/k/;例如：cap; cold; cut; picture2.在瘦元音e; i/y之前读/s/;例如： centre; city; cycle3.在ia之前读/∫/;如：special; social..试读下列单词：cat; clini c; clothes; cute; circle; cemetery; cent3字母Dd的发音规律1.字母d或-ed在清辅音之后读/t/;例如： work-worked2.在浊辅音和元音之后读/d/;例如：move-moved; ; offer-offered..3.在t和d之后读/id/..例如： want-wanted; guide-guided;试读下列单词：live-lived; reach-reached; smile-smiled; wish-w ished; improve-improved; destroy-destroyed1.字母g在胖元音a; o; u和辅音字母之前通常读/ g /;2.在瘦元音e; i/y之前读/d /..例如： gesture; giant; gym;..get; give; gift; forget; begin; forgive; gear; girl; anger; hun ger等词例外..试读下列单词：gather; general; gem; god; gymnast５、字母Nn的发音规律1.字母n通常读/n/;2. 词尾是mn时;n一般不发音;例如：autumn;column；3字母n在/k/、/ g / 音前或ng组合中读/ /;例如：thank;language;bank;anxious..试读下列单词： fine; cent; uncle; hungry; young; sing６、字母Ss的发音规律1.字母s 在音节开头或清辅音前读/s/;例如：sit; sleep; desk2.在元音字母间或浊辅音前读/z/;例如： music; husband；3.在名词变复数或动词变为单数第三人称形式时;位于清辅音之后读/s/;例如：book-books; work-works;位于浊辅音和元音之后读/z/;例如：radio-radios; apple-apples;如果这个名词或动词的结尾读音为/s/或/z/; 加-s后应读/iz/;例如：place-places; house-houses;在以s; x; ch; sh结尾的词加-es; 读/iz/;例如：class-classes; box-boxes; watch-watches; brush-brushe s..4.字母s在ia; u之前读/∫/; 或/ /;例如：social; special; sure; treasure试读下列单词：busy; news; grows; likes; fast; teaches; Russia;Asian辅音字母组合的发音规律1、字母组合ch的发音规律1.字母组合ch一般读/ t∫/;例如：China; chip; child; chair; teach bench; catch;2.但在源出希腊语的单词中;ch发/k/例如：ache;character;chemical;chemist;chemistry;school;stomach; technical;technique;technology..3.而在 moustache; machine; Chicago中的ch读/∫/..２、字母组合ck的发音规律字母组合ck在所有单词中读/k/;不论是在词首还是词尾..例如: snack; pack; knock; jacket; back; sick; luck; ３、字母组合sh的发音规律字母组合sh在所有单词中读/∫/..例如：sheep; ship; shape; shake; shave; shut; shoe４、字母组合wh的发音规律1.字母组合wh在大多数情况下发/w/音;字母h不发音..2.只有后接o时;字母w不发音;字母h发/h/音..例如：who whom whose whole试读下列单词：why; which; while; wholly５、字母组合th的发音规律th---有清与浊两种读音：1.th位于词首时;可以从词性上判别其应有的读音..在名词、动词、形容词和数词中th发清辅音..如：thing; theatre; thunder; thermos; Thursday; theory; theme;throat; thread; think; thank; thrive; thicken; thirteen; th irty; third; thousand; thick; thirsty; thoughtful; thorough 2.在代词和一些功能词中th发浊辅音.如： them; their; theirs; there; the; than; then; though; thu s; therefore; they..只有介词through是个例外..3.th位于词尾或音节之尾时;其读音多数是清辅音;如：bath; breath; tooth; 等..只有在少数单词中读浊音;如：with; smooth 中..4.th在词中并且后面接er时;或者最后一个字母是不发音的e时;通常也发浊辅音..例如：feather; weather; whether; leather; further; father; ba the; breathe; southern; northern; either在其他情况下发清辅音..例如：author; faithful; method; nothing; anything; healthy; w ealthy..试读下列单词: mother; father; another; brother; health; weal th６、字母组合wr的发音规律字母组合wr常常出现在词首;在单词中读/r/;字母w不发音..例如：wrea th; wrack; writer; wrong..试读下列单词: write; wrote; wrist; wrap </div>７、字母组合kn的发音规律字母组合kn常常出现在词首;在单词中读/n/;字母k不发音..例如：knee; knife; kneel; knight..试读下列单词: knock; knob; knot; knit８、字母组合gh的发音规律1.字母组合 gh在词首多读/ g /;如：ghost;2在元音后多不发音;如：light; naughty; taught; naught;3.在词尾有时读/f/;如：laugh;cough; enough; rough;..试读下列单词: ghat; ghee; fight; night tough９、字母组合gu和gue的发音规律1.字母组合gu和gue通常读作/g/;2.在个别情况下读作/ gw/;例如：language;extinguish ;anguish; penguin..试读下列单词: guess; guest; dialogue; colleague１０、字母组合qu和que的发音规律字母组合qu读作/kw/;字母组合-que在词尾读作/k/..例如：queen; question; quilt; square..试读下列单词：quick; quiz; cheque; unique;quotation;quiet１１、字母组合ph的发音规律字母组合ph读/f/;例如：elephant; photo; telephone..试读下列单词: phone; alphabet; pharmacy; paragraph; physics; ph rase元音字母的发音规律１、元音字母Aa的发音规律１在开音节中读/ei/;也就是字母名称音..如：name; plane; Jane; baby; cake..2 在闭音节中读/ /..如：bag; dad; hat; map; black; back..3 在/w/音后读/ /..如：want; what; watch; wash; quality..4 在f n sk ph sp ss st th前读 /a:/..如：after; plant; graph; ask; grasp; glass; fast; father..试读下列单词: brave; cave; crazy; adverb; ant; swallow; quarrel; advance; disaster２、元音字母Ii的发音规律1 i在开音节中读/аi/..例如：bike; drive; time; nice; kitegive是个例外2 在闭音节中读/i/..例如：fish; big; drink; sit; milk; swim3 在gh -gn -ld -nd前读/аi/..例如：high; light; sign; child; find试读下列单词: remind; slight; behind; delight; wild; design ３、元音字母Uu的发音规律(1)u在开音节中读/ju:/..例如：student; excuse; duty; Tuesday2 在闭音节中读/Λ/..例如：bus; cup; jump; much; lunch3 在开音节中;元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:..例如：June; blue; ruler; super4不符合规则的词有：put; push; pull试读下列单词: compute; confuse; culture; function; industrial４、字母Yy的发音规律字母y是一个非常特殊的字母..它既可以用作辅音字母;也可用作元音字母;因此有的语言学家把它称为“半元音”..字母Yy的发音有三种情况..(1)在元音字母之前;通常发辅音/j/..例如：yes; yet; yesterday; yellow2在大多数双音节和多音节单词里;如位于辅音字母之后;且为非重读音节里;通常发短元音/i/..例如：happy; funny; sunny; windy</div>3在单音节和少数双音节单词里;如位于辅音之后;且为重读音节;通常发长元音/ai/..个别单词除外例如：July; shy; spy; try试读下列单词: youth; yard; dry; cry; party; rainy元音字母组合的发音规律１、字母组合ai的发音规律字母组合ai通常读长音/ei/..有一个例外said读作/sed/..试读下列单词：trail; email; rain; train; chain; pain; paint; wa it２、元音字母组合ay的发音规律字母组合ay通常读长音/ei/;有一个例外says读作/sez/..在非重读音节里读/i/.如：Monday; Tuesday等..试读下列单词:way; May; pray; display; player;3、元音字母组合oa的发音规律字母组合oa通常读长音/ u /;试读下列单词: road; toad; load; goat; boat; coat; soak; soap 4、元音字母组合ea的发音规律1字母组合ea通常读长音/i:/;例如：pea; sea; tea; beach; read; lead; beat; meat2.字母组合ea还可读短音/e/;例如：head; bread; weather; sweater; heavy;3在个别情况下还可读双元音/ei/;例如：great; break; steak等..试读下列单词:seat; bead; teach; peach; leaf; bean; dream; team ５、字母组合ui和ue的发音规律1字母组合ui; ue通常读长音/u:/..例如juice; fruit; blue; glue：2但在个别单词里ui可读作长音/аi/ 或短音/i/.例如：guide; build..试读下列单词: suit; suitcase; flue; clue </div>６、字母组合oi和oy的发音规律字母组合oi; -oy通常读长音/ i /..oi不出现在词尾;oy常常出现在词尾..例如：oil; soil; boil; noise; toy; boy; joy; enjoy试读下列单词: noisy; voice; choice; coin; soy; ploy; cloy; coy ７、字母组合ou和ow的发音规律1字母组合ou; ow通常读长音/аu /..ou不出现在词尾;ow常常出现在词尾..例如：flower; house; count; down..(2)字母组合ou; ow 还可读/ u/..例如：know; low; though..(3)在部分单词中;他们还可读/u:/ 和/Λ/;例如：group; soup; you; young; enough; country试读下列单词: out; shout; mouth; loud; crown; clown; cow; now ８、字母组合au和aw的发音规律字母组合au; aw通常读长音/:/例如：autumn; daughter; draw试读下列单词：applaud;awful;exhaust;strawberry;lawyer９、字母组合al的发音规律1 读/ : /..例如：small; ball; talk; wall; all2 读/ :l/..例如：always; also; salt; almost3 在f; m之前读/а:/;例如：half; calm等..试读下列单词：already; altogether; half; chalk10、字母组合oo的发音规律(1)通常读长音/u:/..例如：broom; food; tooth; school(2)2在少数情况下读短音/u/..例如：book; look; cook; foot; good(3)3在个别单词里读/Λ/;例如：blood; flood等..(4)试读下列单词：spoon; troop; shook; wood; stoodR音节的发音规律含有“元音字母+R”的音节叫R音节..“元音字母+R”可以看作一种特殊的字母组合..在读写英语单词时;我们可以把他们当作一个整体来看待..1、字母组合ar的发音规律1 字母组合ar通常读长音/a:/..例如：car; farm; dark; mark(5)在非重读音节里读/ :/..例如：grammar; dollar; beggar; collar; popular(6)在字母w; qu之后读/ /;例如：warm; war; quarter; quarrel..试读下列单词：park; bark; dark; barber; ward; warn; award2、字母组合er; ir; ur; or;的发音规律1 er; ir; ur;通常读长音/ :/..例如：term; her; girl; bird; nurse; hurt2 or在/w/之后也读/ :/..在其他情况下读/:/例如：word; worker; world; worm;afford; corn; horse 3 er; ir; ur; or在非重读音节里读短元音/ /;如：river; farmer; teacher; doctor..试读下列单词：ordinary; torch; worth; merchant; curtain 3、字母组合our; oor; oar的发音规律字母组合our; oor; oar通常读长音/:/..例如：four; door; board..有时字母组合our还可读作/au /..例如：our; hour在个别情况下; our读/ :/..例如：journey试读下列单词：pour; fourteen; floor; blackboard; aboar 4、字母组合are; air; ear; eir; ere的发音规律1字母组合are; air; ear; eir; ere通常读长音/ /..2字母组合ear在非词尾读/ :/;例如：learn; heard; earn; search等;3字母组合ear在词尾时还可读/i /;例如：dear; near; hear; clear; ear;beard中的ear虽不在词尾;也读/ i /;另外还有一例外：heart;其中ear读/a:/..(7)字母组合ere还可读作/ i /;例如: here等..(8)试读下列单词：share; spare; chair; stair; pear; swear; theirs; where整体认读音节的发音(1)-ture通常在单词中读/t /..例如：picture; lecture ..(2)–tion通常在单词中读/ n/;在s之后读/t n/ ; 例如：question..(3)-sion通常在单词中读/ n/;在元音之后读/ n/; 例如：profession conclusion..(4)–sure通常在单词中读/ /; 在元音之后读/ /..例如：pressure; measure..(5)-sian;-cian在单词中读/ n/..例如：Russian;musician..试读下列单词：future; culture; station; nation; suggestion;television..字母组合ex的读音规则(1)以字母组合ex开头的词;若ex后接一个元音字母且重音不落在第一个音节上;则ex的发音为/igz/..例如：exact;exam;example;exist..2以字母组合ex开头的词;若ex后接一个辅音字母;且重音不落在第一个音节上;则ex读/iks/..例：excuse;expect;exchange;except;experience;experiment;explain; expose;express;expression;expensive;extend;extraordinary..3以字母组合ex开头的词;无论ex后跟着什么字母;只要重音包括次重音落在第一个音节上;则ex的发音即为/eks/..例：exercise;expert专家;能手;extra额外的;exhibition..。

英语字母及字母组合的发音规则一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake在闭音节中 [?] bag dad hat map black backe 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes eggi 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swimo 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no在闭音节中 [?] clock not box shop socku 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读音例词a在[w]音后面 [?] want what watch wash qualitya在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fastfatheri在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light higho在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old coldo在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词a [?] China another woman breakfast[i] orange comrade village cabbagee [?] hundred student open weekend[i] chicken pocket begin childreni [?]/ holiday beautiful family animal[ai] exercise satelliteo [?] second tonight somebody welcome[?u] also zero photou [?] autumn difficult[ju:] popular congratulation January动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operateu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母 a e i 即可以读作[?]音，也可以读作[i]音。

英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律单元音与双元音单元音：（12个）1、/ i:/ 1、字母e在开音节中：be, he, we, these, metre, relay, recycle, eve2、字母i的特殊发音：police, machine3、字母组合ee ：sweep, between, agree, sleep, seen, feel, feed, cheese, keeper, bee, see,tree, three4、字母组合ea：please, (New) Zealand, weak, leaf, wheat, bleat, dream, disease, beach,least, tea, seat, read5、字母组ie ：field, believe, thief, piece6、字母组ei ：receive7、字母组ey：key8、字母组合e-e：Pete, mete, these, Chinese2、/ ɪ / 1、字母a在弱读中：village, passage, palace, necklace, encourage2、字母e在弱读中：ticket, basket, behind, enjoy, business, subject, refuse, repair, replay,forest, toilet, wallet, racket, pocket, result,3、字母i在闭音节中：bring, did, ill, pick, fifty, English, ticket, village, picnic, pumpkin,tourist, riddle, it, is, six, this4、字母i的特殊发音：practice, opposite, practice, cousin, rabbit 但possible发音为/ ə /5、字母i在“ve”前：live, give6、字母u的特殊发音：busy, business7、字母组合ai 弱读：mountain, captain8、字母组合ie：cookie9、字母组合ay 弱读：Sunday, Monday10、字母组合ey ：monkey, money11、字母y 弱读：sorry, baby, lucky, any, very, study, fifty3、/ e / 1、字母a的特殊发音：many, any2、字母e在闭音节中“e”发短音：bell, left, leg, when, went, check, invent, unless, collect3、字母组合ea ：bread, heavy, head, ready, death, already, instead, feather, leather, weather4、/ æ /1、字母a在闭音节中：that, ladder, matter, man, rabbit, panda, bank, channel, cat, cap,back2、字母a在“ve”前：have5、/ ɜ:/ 1、字母组合or在字母“w”后：work, word, world, worse, worth, worker2、字母组合er在重读音节中：her, German, term, thermos, prefer, person, serve, nervous3、字母组合ir：girl, bird, third, circle, shirt, skirt4、字母组合ur：turn, nurse, disturb, surf, Thursday5、字母组合ear：heard, earth, early, year, learn, search6、/ ə / 1、字母a在弱读：banana, England, elephant, animal, another, madam, several, probably,human, island, machine, comfortable2、字母e在弱读中：broken, moment, even, accident, happen, quarrel3、字母o在弱读中：conductor, opposite, tonight, melon, police, produce, collect, protect,4、字母u弱读中：unless, suppose, success5、字母组合ou：famous, nervous6、字母组合or在弱读中：forget7、字母组合er做后缀时：under, teacher, ruler, brother, sister, father, mother, supper8、字母组合er在弱读中：concert, western, desert, shepherd7、/ɑ:/ 1、字母a在字母“n”前：dance, can’t, shan’t, France, answer, chance, banana2、字母a在字母“s”“ss”前：ask, past, basket, class, glass, last, grass, basketball3、字母a在“th”前：father, rather, path4、字母组合ar：hard, car, large, bookmark, mark, regard, barn, chart, cart, hard, garden,park5、字母组合al特殊发音：half6、字母组合au特殊发音：laugh7、字母组合are：are8、字母组合ea r：heart8、/ ʌ / 1、字母o在“m, n, th”前：come, some, front, month, son, Monday, monkey, money,another, brother, mother, nothing, other, none, wonder 但tomb / u:/2、字母o特殊发音：does, love, among, colour, discover3、字母u在闭音节中：must, sun, duck, uncle, puzzle, nut, dumpling, conductor, fun,butter, club, cup, much4、字母组合ou / ʌ /：trouble, young, double, country, cousin, rough, encourage, tough5、字母组合oo / ʌ / 特殊发：blood, flood9、/ɔ:/1、字母组合ough /ɔ:/：bought, thought2、字母组合or 的一般发音：for, short, boring, storm, corn, corner, order, important, nor,horse, forty, morning3、字母组合ar /ɔ:/ 在字母“w”或音标/w/后：war, quarter, towards4、字母组合al /ɔ:/ 一般发音：wall, tall, ball, fall, hall【注：字母组合al /ɔ:l/特殊发音also, already, always, salt, so-called, although】5、字母组合oor /ɔ:/：floor, door6、字母组合ore /ɔ:/：before, more, score7、字母组合our /ɔ:/：four, yours, course, fourth8、字母组合au /ɔ:/：August, autumn, pause, audience, caught, taught9、字母组合aw /ɔ:/：draw, law10、/ ɒ / 1、字母a在“w”前“wh”后：what, wash, want, watch, wallet, 但：water /ɔ:/2、字母o在闭音节中：John, doctor, office, soccer, rock, concert, foggy, across, possible,cost, cotton, teapot, rocket, of, not, box, long3、字母组合au / ɒ / 特殊发音：because11、/ u:/ 1、字母o在“wh”后：who, whose, whom2、字母o的特殊发音：move, do, two, improve, lose3、字母u在“l”前后：blue, ruler, flu, rule4、字母u的特殊发音：June, truth, pollute, true5、字母组合ou：group, soup, through6、字母组合oo 的一般发音：afternoon, room, broom, zoo, moon, pool, school, noodle,spoon, tool, tooth, cool, shoot, too7、字母组合oo的特殊发音：food, seafood8、字母组合ew的特殊发音：drew12、/ ʊ / 1、字母u的特殊发音：put, push, sugar, full, pull2、字母组合oo，一般在字母“k, d, t”前：book, look, good, foot, cook, wood3、字母组合oo / ʊ / 弱读中：classroom, bedroom, sitting-room, cookie双元音：（8个）1、/eɪ/1、字母a在开音节中“a”发字母本：name, page, date, lazy, café, wave, cake, face, plate(以及单词：paper, baby, table, radio)2、字母组合ea /eɪ/：great, break3、字母组合ai一般情况下：train, fail, mainland, rail, straight, rain, maid, tail4、字母组合ei /eɪ/：eight, eighth5、字母组合ay /eɪ/ 在重读中：day, today, display, may, play, away6、字母组合ey /eɪ/：they2、/aɪ/1、字母i在开音节中：quite, side, outside, invite, dive, twice, mine, bike, like, nice, time(以及单词：driver, Friday)2、字母i在“nd”前：kind, behind, find, mind, blind, China, Chinese,3、字母组合ie /aɪ/：die, lie4、字母组合ei /aɪ/ ：neither, either5、字母组合i(gh) /aɪ/：high, light, right, night, bright6、字母y在重读音节中：my, why, sky, by, fly3、/ɔɪ/1、字母组合oi：noise, join, oil, voice, toilet, coin, spoil, toil, boil2、字母组合oy：boy, toy, enjoy, hoyden, loyal4、/əʊ/1、字母“o”在开音节中：hope, nose, ago, alone, piano, notice, mobile, home, those,go, no, so, over2、字母o在字母“ld”前。

英文字母组合的发音规律一、辅音字母的读音规则1. c 在字母e，i，y前读/s/，如c ell，c it'y，c yst；其余情况下读/K/，如c at，c lub，c ode.2. g 在字母e，i，y前读/ʤ/，如g ene，g in，g ym；其余情况下读/g/，如be g, g olf, g ame.3. s 多数情况下读/s/，如s ix，de s k，ye s；有时读/z/，如i s，hi s，vi s'it(读/z/时可下画一条横线)。

4. x 处于两元音字母之间，且其后元音重读时，读/gz/，如e x ist'；其余情况下读/ks/，如si x, ne x t, e x cuse'.5.q 读/k/,如Iräq', NASDA Q (股票名);常与字母u用在一起, qu 读/kw/, 如qu ick, qu es'tion.附：英语音标元音单元音：i: i e æɔʌu əɑ: ɔ: u: ə: 双元音：ei ai ɔi əu au iəeəuə辅音浊辅音：b d g ʤv ð z ʒdz m n ŋl r j w请辅音：p t k ʧ f θs ʃts h二、辅音字母组合的读音规则1. ch, tch 读/ʧ/，如Ch i'na, mu ch；ca tch, ma tch2. ph, gh 读/f/，如ph o'to, ph one3. sh 读/ʃ/，如sh ape, sh e, sh ort, fi sh4. th 多数情况下读/θ/，如th ree, th ird但有时读/ð/ ,如th at, th an, wi th.(读/ð/时可下画一线).5. wh 在字母o前读/h/,如wh o, wh om, wh ose(其中的字母o读/u:/) ；其余情况下读/w/，如wh ich，wh en，wh y.6. dg, dj 读/ʤ/，如ju dg e，lo dg'ing；a dj ust',a d'j ective.7. n 在和字母g构成字母组合时，以及处于读/g/或/k/的字母前（如c, g, k等）读/ŋ/。

常见的字母与字母组合发音规则常见的字母与字母组合发音规则（I）元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则●元音字母的发音（一）元音字母a1.重读开音节/ei/ paper；late；make；lake；face2.重读闭音节// bag；fat；cat；ladder；mass（*例外：any一些/e/ ；many许多/e/ ）3.非重读音节// 或/i/即：// ——ago；al ong；among；above；aloud/i/ ——comrade；village；manager；palace；private；necklace*连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而且归属后一个音节段。

如上的ladder，village.4.在字母w或wh后面，发// was；wash；what；want；(*例外：water水/:/ )5.a在诸如-ance；-ask；-ass；-ast；-ath组合里，重读时均发/a:/即：dance；France；chance ask；mask；task；basket class；grass；glass；pass；——（*例外：mass// ）fast；cast；past；last；master；father；path；bath；—— (*例外：maths// ) （二）元音字母e1.重读开音节/i:/ me；he；she；these；evening2.重读闭音节/e/ hen；get；set；tell；echo3.非重读音节/i/ useless；ticket；basket；pocket；before；below；（三）元音字母i或y1.重读开音节/ai/ China；try；my；hi；time；guide；2.重读闭音节/i/ sit；hit；ill；little；system；3.非重读音节/i/ unit;study（四）元音字母o1.重读开音节/u/ no；so；go；home；photo；2.重读闭音节// not；hot；box；fox；cock；cost；3.非重读音节// purpose；concern4.o在字母m，n，v或th之前，均发//son；month；come；ton；(*例外：T om// )love；dove；glove；above；anothermother；brother；become；some5.两个单词：woman/‘w u-mn/ 女人（单数）；women/‘w i-min/ 女人（复数）（五）元音字母u1.重读开音节/ju:/ pupil；stud ent；use；cube2.重读闭音节// 或/u/即：// —— cut；luck；umbrella；us/u/ —— put；full；pull3.非重读音节// autumn;August；support●元音字母组合的拼读规则（一）元音字母a的字母组合1.ai或ay在重读音节中/ei/ rain；train；brain；painday；may；play；stay；lay*ay在非重读音里/i/ 或/ei/ Sunday；Monday；Tuesday；Thursday；Friday 2.al+ 绝大多数辅音字母/:/ small；wall；call；talk；walk；chalk或/:l/ also；always*al后面是k时，只发/:/al+f或m时，al发/a:/ half；calm-al在词尾非重读/（）l/ medal；metal；(例外canal运河，重音在后/l/ ) 3.-ance在重读时/a:ns/ chance；dance；France 在非重读时/ ns/ importance；performance；ambulance4.-ant非重读/nt/ assistant；important；peasant5.-ange一般/eind/ change；danger；strange;(*但orange/ind/ )6.-age一般/id/ village；carriage；marriage7.-ask一般重读时/a:sk/ ask；mask；task;basket8.-ass一般重读时/a:s/ class；glass；grass；pass；(*但mass// )9.-ast一般重读时/a:st/ last；past；fast；cast-aste一般/eist/ waste；paste；taste10.-ath一般/a:θ/ bath；path；(*但maths/θ/ )或/a:e/ father；rather；(*但gather/e/ )11.-au一般/:/ cause；autumn;August；(*但because// ) -augh(t)/:(t)/ caught；taught；daughter(*例外：laugh/la:f/ )12.-aw/:/ draw；saw；law；awful13.a在字母w或wh后面，a发// was；wash；want；what；(*但water/:/ )14.-ar重读音时/a:/ party；car；farm；army；yard；hard；star在字母w或音/w/ 后面时/:/ war；warm；warn;towards；*quarter在非重读音时/-/ beggar；dollar；solar15.-are一般/-ε/ hare；bare；dare；stare；rare；care；parent16.-air一般/-ε/ chair；fair；hair；pair；stair；repair17.-able一般/eibl/ able；cable；tabl e；stable（二）元音字母e的组合1.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列：-ea/i:/ team；meat；lead；teach；read；mean；please；steal-ea/e/ threat；bread；meant；read(过去式和过去分词)；peasant-ea/i/ real；really-ea/ei/ great；break2.-ee/i:/ feel；week；keep；three；steel；street；sweep；see*但是一个例外：coffee/i/3.-eer/i/ deer；pioneer；engineer；volunteer4.-er重读音节/:/ her；term；service；Germany非重读// worker；paper；western；teacher特殊读法/a:/ clerk5.-ere/i/ here；mere-ere或者发/ε/ there；where6.-ear有三种音，分别是；-ear/i/ ear；dear；near；clear；tear(n.)；beard-ear/:/ early；earth；learn；heard-ear/a:/ heart*tear作为动词时，发/ε/7.-ei/ei/ eight；weigh；weight-ei/ai/ height-ei/i:/ receive8.-ey重读/ei/ they；hey；survey-ey重读/i:/ key-ey非重读/i/ monkey；donkey；valley；volleyball*-et非重读/it/ pocket；ticket；rocket9.-ew一般/ju:/ new；few；knew-ew或者发/u:/ grew；threw-ew还可以发/u/ sew10.-ege/id/ college11.-est/ist/ biggest；modest；happiest；12.词尾的-ed在浊音后/d/ lived；studied-ed在清音后/t/ worked；finished-ed在字母t或d后/id/ wanted；needed（三）元音字母i或y的组合1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前，发/i:/ field；piece；achieve-ie在词尾/ai/ lie；die；tie2.-igh(t)在重读音节/ai(t)/ high；night；light；bright3.-ir在重读音节/:/ girl；firm；circle；first；third4.-ire在重读音节/‘ai/ fire；tired；hire；retired；wire5.-ild/aild/ child；wild6.-ind/aind/ find；kind；mind；wind；(*但window/ind/ )7.-ing/i/ king；wing；sing；doing；making8.-(a)tion/(ei)n/ nation；pronunciation；information；composition-stion/t n/ question-sion/n/ 或/n/ mission使命；precision精密9.-ye在词尾/ai/ good-bye；bye-bye10.-ist/ist/ list；fist；（四）元音字母o的组合1.-oa在重音时/u/ boat；coat；road；goat；toad-oar在重音时/:/ blackboard；aboard2.-oi，-oy在重音时/i/ boiler；point；join；oilboy；toy；joy；loyal3.-oo一般/u:/ soon；too；zoo；room；noon；food；mood；boot；moon*单词room和其他名词构成合成词时，常发短音。