glossary

英语与中文真菌词汇 Glossaryabacus (abaA) 算盘状菌丝基因(abaA)accumulation 囤积acetyl-CoA 乙酰辅Aaconidial mutants 孢子缺乏基因突变种actin 肌动蛋白action potentials 动作电位action spectra 有用光谱activator-inhibitor model激活剂-抑制剂模式active transport 活性转移N-acetylglucosamine N-乙氨基葡萄糖、N-乙葡糖胺chapter 2S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) –dependent methylation system S-腺苷酸甲硫氨酸甲基化系統adenylate cyclase腺苷酸(酸)adhesion 粘附aeration 通风、透气性aflatoxin黄曲霉毒素Agaricus wound hormone 双孢蘑菇愈伤激素Agaritine蘑菇毒素agglutination 凝集ageing 老化aggregation集结agglutinin凝集素alien DNA 外来DNAallopatric matings 异地交配alpha-amanitin α-/ 蝇蕈素amber fossils 琥珀化石amino acid pool 氨基酸池amino acids氨基酸4 - aminobutyrate 4-氨基丁酸盐γ-aminobutyric acid γ-氨基丁酸ammonium氨盐基、氨离子ammonium assimilation氨盐基同化作用ammonium scavenging氨盐基清扫ammonium detoxifier氨盐基去毒剂amphipathic films 亲水膜Amut Bmut strains Amut Bmut菌株Anastomosis联结、菌丝融合Anemotropic fruitbodies向风性子实体Antheridiol雄器形成激素Aphyllophoroid多孔菌apical growth顶端生长apoptosis 自引死亡、程式化死亡Appressoria 附着胞arginase regulation 精氨酸的调控arginine精氨酸Armillaria gallica蜜环菌arrested meiosis停滯于减数分裂ascoma 子囊果/ 囊实体ascospores子囊孢子ascus formation 子囊形成astral microtubules 星状微管atmosphere大气attenuation減弱作用autolysis 自溶autotropism向自性auxiliary regulator附助调节器auxin 促长素、植物生长素avoidance reactions互避的反应balanced phase 平衡时期balanced growth平衡生长basidial differentiation 担子分化basidiomata担子果basidiomycetes担子真菌basidiospores担抱子basidium formation 形成担子basidiome 担子果batch culture分批培养benomyl 苯菌灵beta-oxidation β-氧化作用beta-tubulin β-微管蛋白bifactorial incompatibility 双因子不亲和binding proteins綁蛋白质binding hyphae联络菌丝biological species生物种bioremediation 生物改善环境工程bipolar heterothallism 两极的异宗配合biotroph活体的营养模式、生体营养模式bivelangiocarpic development双菌幕被果型的发育boletes牛肝菌bracket fungi支架真菌branch formation分枝模式branching 分枝bristle (brlA) gene 刚毛(brlA) 基因brown-rot fungi褐色腐烂真菌bud formation形成萌芽bud芽budding 出芽bufotenin 蟾蜍特宁/ 蟾毒色胺bulbangiocarpic development 球茎状被果型的发育bulk flow集体运输C:N ratio C:N 比例/ 碳氮比Camembert沙门柏干cAMP环腺苷酸cAMP signalling pathway cAMP信息路径Candida albicans白假丝酵母cap expansion菌盖扩充carbohydrates碳水化合物carbon sources碳源carbon metabolism碳新陈代谢carbon dioxide二氧化碳carotenes 胡萝卜素carotenoid pigments 类胡萝卜素色素carotenoids 类胡萝卜素catalasecavitation 空间制造cell death细胞死亡cell cycle细胞周期cell surface细胞表面cell wall细胞壁cell mosaics细胞镶嵌cell-wall bound enzymescellulasecellulose纤维素cephalosporins 头孢菌素cerebrosides 脑磷脂类check to growth生长检查点chemoattractants 化学趋向物chemotropisms向化性/ 向药性趋化性chimera嵌合体chitin几丁质、双质、角素chapter2chitin synthase几丁质合成chitinase chapter 2几丁二糖(chitobiose) chapter 2chitosan chapter2 chitosomes几丁质体cholesterol胆固醇chromosome length polymorphisms 染色体长度多样性chromosome pairing染色体配对clamp connections锁状连合clamp cell锁状细胞clavarioid 拟棒状的cleavage 解离clock-mutant生物钟突变异种coated vesicles被毛胞饮胞/ 被膜小泡commitment分化专一性competence分化潜能/ 反应潜能concentration gradient浓度梯度conidia分生孢子conidiation分生孢子生产conidiophore morphogenesis 产分生孢子梗的形态发育consensus model for hyphal growth 管细胞生长的一致模型coordination of cell inflation协调细胞胀大Coprinus cinereus灰盖鬼伞Coprinus gills 鬼伞菌褶coralloid珊瑚状的cords菌索crisp function 弧形功能cutinase 角质膜cycles周期、循环cyclopentanes环戊烷cystesia对囊状细胞cystidium囊状细胞(cystidia, 复数)cytokinesis(细)胞质分裂、细胞浆移动、原浆移动cytoplasmic degeneration细胞质的退化cytoskeletal memory 细胞骨架记忆cytoskeleton 细胞骨架degeneration 退化determination決定development timescale 发育时间表developmental polarity 发育上的极性developmental stages发育阶段developmental subroutines发育的子程序developmental plasticity发育的可塑性developmental mutants发育基因的突变种different pathways不同途径differential cell inflation 差示的细胞胀大differential growth差示的生长/ 辨別生长differential gene expression差示的基因表达differentiation分化diffusion扩散dikaryotic fruiting 双核体结实dikaryon 双核体dimitic 二菌丝型的/ 具两系菌丝的dimorphism二形性/ 二型现象disposal废除、去除处理dissepiments隔膜、隔壁(多孔菌)distribution of cystidia 囊状细胞的分配disturbance in metabolism扰乱新陈代谢diverse不同的divisions, intranuclear(细胞)核膜內细胞分裂DNA binding DNA结合DNA-binding protein DNA-结合蛋白质DNA methylation 甲基化DNA作用dolipore septum 桶孔隔膜dominant mutations 显性突变downstream regulation 下游的调控dynein 动力蛋白动素edge effect 边缘效应electrophysiological 电生理的electric currents电流electrochemical gradient电化学梯度electron transport电子传送elongationless 菌柄不延伸Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (EMP) 恩伯頓-迈耶霍夫-帕納斯途径embryonic gills胚胎的菌褶embryonic structure 胚胎的构造Endocarpic被果的endospores內孢子Entner-Doudorff (ED) pathway 恩特納-道德洛夫途径epigenetic plasticity 后生的可塑性ergocristine麦角嵴亭麦角克碱ergosterol 麦角固醇Ergot alkaloids麦角生物碱Esteraseseukaryote Kingdoms 真核生物王国evolution of fungi 真菌的进化evolution of eukaryotes 真核生物的进化excretion排泄exhaustion 耗尽exospores外孢子expansion扩张expansionless菌盖不扩张explantation 外植/ 体外移植explants 移植组织/ 外植体extracellular enzymesextracellular matrix 体外基质/ 体外基物facilitated diffusion易化扩散/ 协化扩散farnesyl 法呢醇、法呢酯fascicle growth 小束菌丝的生长fat catabolism脂肪的分解代谢fatty acid biosynthesis 脂肪酸生物合成feed-back fixation反馈固定fermentation发酵fibre hyphae纤维菌丝fields of force力量场fission 裂殖flexible integration柔性的整合flocculin 凝结蛋白flocculation 细胞凝结作用focal contacts接触点fossils化石fractal structures 破裂结构fracture planes破裂面fructose bisphosphatasefruit body polymorphisms子实体多形性fruit body development子实体发育fruit body initials子实体始体fruit-inducing substances诱发子实体物质fruiting genes子实体基因fungal cells 真菌细胞fungal programmed cell death真菌的程式化细胞死亡fusion incompatibilityfuzzy logic模糊逻辑/ 快思逻辑gap junctions间隙连接gas exchange气体交換gasteroid 似腹菌的gasteroid species似腹菌的品种generative hyphae 生殖菌丝genetic mosaics遗传的镶嵌genetics of conidiation 产分生孢子的遗传学genets 遗传个体genome size基因组大小/ 染色组genome parasites 基因组寄生虫genospecies遗传种germ tube 萌发管gibbane赤霉素烷gibberellins 赤霉素gibberellic acid赤霉酸gill development菌褶发育gill organiser菌褶组织点/ 菌褶组织中心glucan 葡聚糖; S-glucan S-葡聚糖、R-glucan R-葡聚糖chapter 2 glucan synthaseglucanase葡聚糖酶β-glucan-peptide complex β-葡聚糖肽聚合物gluconeogenesis 葡糖异生作用glutamate synthase谷氨酸合成酶glutamate dehydrogenase 谷氨酸脫氢酶glutamate decarboxylationglutamine synthetase谷氨酰胺合成酶glutaminyl hydroxybenzene (GHB) 谷氨酰基氢苯/谷氨酰胺羟色苯glycogen肝糖、糖原质glycogen phosphorylaseglycogen synthaseglycolysis 糖酵解作用glycosylation 糖基化作用glyoxylate shunt 乙醛酸循环／乙醛酸支路Golgi 高尔基gravimorphogenetic 地吸引力的形态发育gravitropism 向地性griseofulvin 灰黄霉素group selection集体选择growth kinetics生长动力学growth hormones生长激素Growth factors生长因子Growth生长Gymnocarpic development 裸果型的发育gymnovelangiocarpic development 菌幕裸果型的发育gyrocyanin环氰heat-shock proteins 热激蛋白质hemicellulose半纤维素heterokaryon incompatibility异核体不亲和系统heteromerous context 异菌丝型的菌肉heterozygous advantage 亲合的优点hexose monophosphate pathway 己糖单磷酸支径histochemical studies组织化学研究homeobox同源盒homeobox genes 同源盒基因homeodomain 同源范围homoiomerous context 同型菌丝的菌肉/ 单类菌丝型的菌肉homothallism 同宗配合horizontal transfer of genetic information橫传遗传信息水平转移遗传信息hormone激素hydnoid 齿状的hydrophobin 疏水蛋白hydrostatic skeleton水压骨骼hyphal aggregates菌丝聚集hyphal aggregation 菌丝集结hyphal analysis 菌丝分析hyphal apex 管细胞顶端hyphal fusions管细胞融合物hyphal growth unit管细胞生长单位hyphal inflation管细胞胀大hyphal knots 菌丝扭结hyphal proliferation 管细胞繁殖hyphal system 菌丝系統hyphal tip growth 管细胞顶端生长hyphal tips管细胞尖hyphal wall管细胞壁hyphoid model 管状模型idiomorph 等遗传座位因子idiophase 静止期image analysis影像分析imbalance causing morphological change(s) 不平衡引起的形态变化individual个体indole-3-acetic acid吲哚-3-乙酸induction hypha诱发菌丝inflated hyphae膨胀菌丝inflation膨胀initials 原始体injury伤害integrin 整合蛋白interfacial self-assembly 界面自主装配intermediary metabolism中间新陈代谢intermediary nitrogen metabolism氮的中间新陈代谢intermediary carbon metabolism 碳的中间新陈代谢intracellular compartments 细胞內区域intrachromosomal recombination 染色体內重组invasive nuclei亰入的细胞核ion channels离子通道ion fluxes离子通量、离子流ion pumps离子泵island initiation岛诱发island patterning 岛模式isoprene 异戊二烯kalilo (夏威夷)死亡质粒karyogamy(细胞)核融合、核配karyokinesis (细胞)核分裂karyotypes 染色体组型kaurane 貝双杉烯、松脂烷kinesins 运动蛋白knotlessL-sorbose L-山梨糖Laccase虫漆酶、漆酶beta-lactams β-内酰胺胺lactarinic acid 乳菇酸lateral contacts 侧部接触lateral communication侧面沟通latex乳液、乳汁levhymenial 光滑子实层lifespan寿命light光light response光反应lignin木质素lignin peroxidase木质素过氧化氢酶/ 木质素过氧(化)物酶ligninase木质素酶lineage 谱系lipase 脂肪酶lipsanenchyma 內菌幕locus座位lysergic acid amide 氨/麦角酸二乙基胺macroconidia大孢子maintenance phase 保持阶段making gills 制造菌褶malonate pathway 丙二酸途径manganese-dependent peroxidases,manganese peroxidases 锰过氧(化)物酶、锰-连合过氧化氢酶mannitol甘露(糖)醇MAP kinase MAP激酶/促细胞分裂剂激酶maranhar (印度)死亡质粒mathematical model数学的模型mating projection交配突出物mating systems交配系統mating type 交配型mating type factor交配型因子mating type factors of S. cerevisiae 酿酒酵母的交配型因子mating type switching 交配型转变maturationless 不成熟mechanical stresses 机械压力meiocyte development pathway 減数分裂细胞的分化途径meiocytes減数分裂细胞meiosis減数分裂meiotic arrest 減数分裂阻滯membrane膜meristemoids 拟分生组织metabolic origins of amino acids氨基酸的生化起源metavelangiocarpic development 异菌幕被果型的发育methylation 甲基化作用mevalonic acid pathway 甲羟戊酸途径microconidia 小孢子microfilaments 微丝microtubules 微管microvesicles 超微小泡(囊)migration of nuclei细胞核的迁徙minimum amount of mycelium最小的菌丝量mitochondrial DNA线粒体DNAmitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 细胞素激活的蛋白激酶mitosis有丝分裂mixture of gases混合汽体mode switch模态开关modifiersmodular organisms单元生物/ 模组的生物/ 模件式的生物molecular chaperones分子伴物monokaryotic fruiting 单核体结实monomitic具单系菌丝的/ 一菌丝型的monovelangiocarpic development 单一菌幕被果型的发育morchelloid羊肚菌状的morphogen 形成素morphogenesis形态发育／形态生长、形态生长和发育morphogenetic control 形态控制morphogenetic field 形态(发育)场morphogenetic pattern 形态模型、形态模式morphoregulator hypothesis morphoregulator形态调节物的假設mucopolysaccharides 粘多糖chapter 2motors 胞內运动器chapter 2multiple allelism复等位基因现象muscaridine 白僵菌素muscarine 毒蝇碱毒蝇蕈碱mushroom hormone蕈激素mushroom polysaccharide菇多糖mycelia菌丝mycelial knot菌丝扭结mycelial strands菌丝腺mycelial tufts菌丝簇mycochrome真菌色素mycosporines 真菌产孢吸光色素myosin肌球蛋白N-dimethyl methioninol N-双甲蛋氨醇/ N-双甲基甲硫氨醇narrow hyphae狹窄菌丝nature of fungi真菌的特性necrosis坏死、败坏necrotic death敗坏死亡/ 坏死necrotroph 腐食/腐尸性的营养模式network网络Nectria haematococa 叢赤双Neurospora crassa粗糙脉孢菌Neurospora tetrasperma 四孢脉孢菌nitrate reductase硝酸还原酶nitrite reductase亚硝酸盐还原酶nitrogen氮nitrogen limitation氮短缺nitrogen metabolism氮新陈代谢nitrogen redistribution氮重新分配nitrogen sources氮源nomenspecies 分类品种nuclear divisions(细胞)核分裂nuclear migration(细胞)核的迁移number of nuclei细胞核的数目nutrients营养物、养料nutrient exhaustion 耗尽营养nutrient translocation 营养运输/营养易位nutrition 营养nutritional modes营养模式obligate 专性oogoniol雌器形成激素organelle 细胞器organismal death 个体死亡ornithine cycle 鸟氨酸循环osmoregulatory 调控渗透压的osmotic metabolite渗透代谢物osmoticum渗压剂outside-in signalling 外致內的亯号oxidative phosphorylation 氧化磷酸化作用10-oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid 10-氧-反-8-任烯双酸oxygen 氧p-hydroxy (γ-glutamyl) anilide (= GHB) 谷氨酸对羟色苯paedomorphosis未熟形态paramorphogen 副形成素/ 同质异形诱变剂paraphyses侧丝细胞paravelangiocarpic development 副菌幕被果型的发育pattern formation 模型构造/ 形成模式PCBs polychlorinated benzenes 多氯化联(二)苯pectins 果胶penetrance 外显率penicillins盘尼西林/青霉素pentaketide cyclisation 戊酮环化pentose phosphate pathway(PPP) 戊糖磷酸途径peptidases果胶酶peripheral growth zone周边生长区域/外围生长圈perithecium development 子囊壳发育peroxidase过氧化物酶phalloidin 毒伞素、鬼笔毒环肽Phanerochaete chrysosporium 黄孢亮毛伏革菌phenocopies拟表型/表型模拟phenoloxidasesphenotypes 表现型/表型pheromone 外激素phialides瓶梗phosphatasesphosphodiesterasephotomorphogenesis光诱形态发育photoprotectants光保护剂photoreceptors 光亯号接收器/光受体phototropic向光性phragmoplast成膜体pilangiocarpic development 盖生被果型的发育pileipellis 菌盖皮plant litter植物垃圾/植物腐植质plasma membrane(细胞)质膜plasmid质粒plasmid infections质粒感染plasmodesmata 胞间连丝plasticity 可塑性plectenchyma 密丝组织Pleurotus pulmonarius凤尾菇Podospora anserine 柄孢壳polarity 极性polar growth极性生长chapter 2pollutants 污染物chapter 2polyacetylenes聚乙炔polyketide聚酮化合物polyketide synthesis聚酮化合物合成polymorphism 多型现象/多形性polyprenoid多蛋白核polysaccharide degradation降解多糖pore菌孔pore field菌孔(形态)场pore initials菌孔原基组织poroid structure 孔状构造/ 孔状结构positional information位置亯息post-harvest stress disorder收割压力引致的紊乱post-meiotic events減数分裂后事件prenylation 异戊烯化作用primordia原基primordiumlessprogrammed cell death 程式化细胞死亡progress through meiosis 渐进式減数分裂prosenchyma疏丝组织protein in gill tissue菌褶的蛋白质protein translocation蛋白质的运输/蛋白质的易位protein kinase A (PKA) 蛋白激酶Aproteinase蛋白酶protenchyma基原组织proton gradient质子梯度protonema原丝体protoperitheciapseudohyphal假菌丝状Pseudoparenchyma 拟薄壁(细胞)组织Pseudorhizas 假根pseudosclerotial plates 假菌核块psilocybin 裸盖菇素Puccinia graminis 双孢锈菌pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pulsed 脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE) pulsed growth 脉冲生长Purines嘌呤Pyrimidines嘧啶pyruvate carboxylase 丙酮酯羧酸酶quantitative hyphal analysis 量化的菌丝分析receptors受体/感受器reciprocity 倒易/ 正反性recognition识別regeneration再生regional specification区域特异性Regulation调控/调节regulatory circuit调控网路conidiophore development 分生孢子梗的发育reinforcement 强化renewed fruiting 重新结实repair of DNA DNA的修理respiration呼吸resupinate forms平伏的形式retinoic acid 視黄酸rhizomorphs 菌丝束rhythmic growth 节律性生长ring wall building环状壁建筑rodlets 小棒rupthymenial不規則子实层Saccharomyces cerevisiae酿酒酵母saprobic/saprotrophic 腐生(营养) 的Sarcodimitic tissue 菌肉二型丝类的组织Sarcotrimitic tissue 菌肉三型丝类的组织saturation kinetics饱和动力学schizohymenial裂子实层Schizosaccharomyces pombe裂殖酵母(chapter 2) sclerotium 菌核secondary metabolites次生的新陈代谢产物secondary homothallism次等同宗配合selective advantage选择性的优势senescence衰老septa 隔膜septal pores隔膜孔septation 分Septins 隔膜蛋白septum formation隔膜的建造、隔膜形成seta刚毛sex hormones性激素sexuality in fungi 真菌性系統shikimic acid pathway 莽草酸途径shikimate-chorismate pathway 莽草酸- 分枝酸途径siderophores铁传递蛋白signal sequences亯号序列signal processing亯号处理signalling in filamentous fungi 丝状真菌的亯号系統signal transduction pathways 信号转导系統sirenin 雌激素skeletal hyphae 骨架菌丝soft rot 软腐烂soils土壤Sordaria macrospora 大孢粪壳specification 特化/ 特异Spectrin 血影蛋白Spindle纺锤丝spindle pole body纺锤丝极体Spiral growth螺旋生长Sporeless无孢子Sporidia担孢子Sporulation 产孢作用Squalene鯊烯starch淀粉starvation conditions饥饿状态steady state稳定状态stem elongation菌柄伸长stem extension菌柄延长stem osmoticum菌柄渗压剂sterigmatocystin柄曲霉素柄曲菌素steroid receptors类固醇受体steroids类固醇sterols甾醇stipitoangiocarpic development 柄生被果型的发育storage phase储存阶段strands腺、索stretch activation牵张激活stretch receptors牵张感受器stromata子座structure of the hymenium 子实层结构subroutines子程序sugars糖sulfatasessympatric matings 同域交配synapsis 联会synaptonemal complex联会复合物synchronised 同步的synnemata 束丝taxospecies分类种TCA cycle TCA循环temperature溫度tendril hyphae卷须菌丝terpenestetrapolar heterothallism 四极性异宗配合tip rotation顶旋转tip extension, tip growth 顶延长/顶延伸, 顶生长tissues 组织tissue domains组织功能区/组织域tissue expansion组织扩充/组织扩展tolerance of genome plasticity 基因组可塑性的容忍度tolerance of imprecision 不准确的容許量transcription activators转录活化剂transcription factors转录因子transcription regulator转录调整物transcriptional silencing 静止转录translation triggering 触发转译translocation of nutrients 营养物的迁移/运输/易位translocation输送/运输/迁移/易位transporter 戴体/输送物trehalose海藻糖tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle 三羧酸(TCA) 循环Trichoderma木霉trichogynes 受精丝trichothecane 单端孢霉烯trigger-ORF 触发阅读框trimethylamine三甲胺trimitic三菌丝型的/ 具三系菌丝的trisporic acid 三孢子酸trophophase生长期、营养期tropic bending向性弯曲tropisms向性tubulin 微管蛋白turgor膨胀turgor pressure 胀力ubiquinones泛素辅酶Qunbalanced growth不平衡的生长/ 非平衡的生长urea 尿素urea cycle尿素周期ureaseUstilago黑粉菌属Ustilago maydis玉米黑粉菌vegetative compatibility 营养菌丝的亲和性vegetative death 营养菌丝的死亡、营养死亡vegetative incompatibility不亲和性velangiocarpic development 菌幕被果型的发育veratryl alcohol (VA) 藜芦基醇chapter 3vesicle小囊/ 泡囊vesicle fusion gradient小囊融合物梯度vesicle supply centre小囊补给中心vessel hyphae 导管菌丝V olvariella gills 草菇菌褶Volvariella volvacea草菇wall壁wall contacts 细胞壁接触water 水water potential 水势water uptake水吸收wetA gene wetA 基因white-rot白色腐烂/ 白腐Woronin bodies 伏魯宁体Xenobiotics异型生物质Xylanases木聚Yeast 酵母yeast budding酵母出芽zearalenone玉米烯酮/ 玉米赤霉烯酮zinc fingers锌指。

★专业英語★XiaoYingLiu121GLOSSARY GLOSSARY((术语术语表表)Aabrasive grinding 强力磨削abrasive[E 'breisiv]a.磨料的,研磨的absence ['A bs E ns]n..不在，缺席accesssory[A k'ses E ri]n.附件accommodate[E 'k C m E deit]v.适应accordingly[E 'k C :di N li]adv.因此,从而,相应地accuracy['A kjur E si]n 精度,准确性actuate['A ktjueit]vt.开动(机器),驱动adequate['A dikwit]a.足够的adhesive[E d'hi:siv]n.粘合剂adjacent[E 'd V eisnt]a.邻近的adopt[E 'd C pt]vt.采用advance [E d'v A :ns]n.进步advisable [E d'vaizbl]adj.可取的agitate['A d V iteit]v.摇动a large extent 很大程度algorithm ['A l ^E ri T E m]n.算法align [E 'lain]v 定位，调准alignment[E 'lainm E nt]n.校直all-too-frequent 频繁allowance[E 'l E uens]n.容差,余量alternate['C :lt E nit]v.交替,轮流alternative[C :l't E :n E tiv]n.替换物alternatively[C :l't E :n E tivli]ad.做为选择,也许aluminiun[7A lju'minj E m]n.铝ample['A mpl]adj.充足的analysis [E 'n A l E sis]n.分析ancillary['A nsil E ri]a.补助的,副的angular ['A ^jul E ]adj.有角的annealing[E 'li:li N ]n.退火aperture ['A p E t F E ]n.孔applied loads 作用力appropriate [E 'pr E uprieit]a.适当的arc[a:k]n.弧,弓形arise[E 'raiz]vi.出现,发生arrange[E 'reid V ]v.安排article['a:tikl]n.制品,产品ascertain[7A s E 'tein]vt.确定,查明assemble[E 'sembl]vt.组装attitude ['A titju:d]n 态度auxiliary [C :^'zilj E ri]adj.辅助的avoid[E 'v C id]v.避免axis['A ksis]n.轴axle['A ksl]n.轮轴,车轴Bbackup['b A k 7Q p]n.备份batch [b A t F ]n 一批bearing['b Z E ri N ]n.轴承,支座bed[bed]n.床身behavior[bi'heivj E ]n.性能bench-work 钳工工作bend[bend]v.弯曲beneath[bi'ni:W ]prep 在···下bin [bin]n.仓，料架blank [bl A N k]n.坯料blank [bl A N k]v.冲裁,落料blanking tool 落料模blast [bl Q st]n.一阵（风）blemish['blemi F ]n.缺点,污点bo l s t e r ['b E ul s t E ]n.模座,垫板★专业英語★boost[bu:st]n.推进boring['b C:ri N]n.镗削,镗孔bracket['br A kit]n.支架brass[br A s]n.黄铜break down破坏breakage['breikid V]n.破坏bridge piecebrine[brain]n.盐水brittle['britl]adv.易碎的buffer[b Q f E]n.缓冲器built-in内装的bulging[b Q ld V i N]n.凸肚burr[b E:]n.毛刺bush[bu F]n.衬套bush[bu F]n.衬套by far(修饰比较级,最高级)··得多,最by means of借助于Ccabinet['k A binit]n.橱柜call upon要求carbide['ka:baid]n.碳化物carburzing['ka:bjureti N]n.渗碳carry along一起带走carry down over从···上取下carry out完成case hardening表面硬化case[keis]n.壳,套cast steel铸钢casting['ka:sti N]n.铸造,铸件category['k A t E^E uri]n.种类caution['k C:F E n]n.警告，警cavity and core plates凹模和凸模板cavity['k A viti]n.型腔,腔,洞centre-drilling中心孔ceramic[si'r A mik]n.陶瓷制品complexity[kem'pleksiti]n.复杂性complicated['k C mpl E keitid]adj.复杂的complication[k C mpli'kei F E n]n.复杂化compression[k E m'pre F E n]n.压缩corresponding[ka:ri'sp C di N]n.相应的counteract[kaunt E'r A kt]vt.反作用,抵抗couple with伴随CPU(central processing unit)中央处理器crack[kr A k]v.（使）破裂，裂纹critical['kritikl]adj.临界的cross-hatching剖面线cross-section drawn剖面图cross-slide横向滑板CRT(cathoder-ray tube)阴极射线管crush[kr Q F]vt.压碎cryogenic[7krai E'd V enik]a.低温学的crystal['kristl]adj.结晶状的cubic['kju:bik]a.立方的,立方体的cup[k Q p]vt(使)成杯状,引伸curable['kjur E bl]adj.可矫正的curvature['k E:v E t F E]n.弧线curve[k E:v]vt.使弯曲cutter bit刀头,刀片cyanide['sai E naid]n.氰化物Ddash[d A F]n.破折号daylight['deilait]n.板距decline[di'klain]v.下落,下降,减少, deform[di'f C:m]v.(使)变形★专业英語★demonstrate['dem E streit]v证明depict[di'pikt]vt描述deposite[di'p C zit]vt.放置depression[di'pre F E n]n.凹穴descend[di'sent]v.下降desirable[di'zair E bl]a.合适的de ta il['di t ei l]n.细节，详情deterioration[diti E ri:E'rei F E n]n.退化,恶化determine[di't E:min]v.决定diagrammmatic[7dai E gr E'm A tik] .a.图解的，图表的dictate['dikteit]v.支配die[dai]n.模具,冲模,凹模dielectric[daii'lektrik]n.电介质die-set模架digital['did V itl]n.数字式数字,a.数字的dimensional[dddi'men F E nl]a.尺寸的,空间的discharge[dis't F a:d V]n.v.放电,卸下,排出discharge[dis't F a:d V]v.卸下discrete[dis'cri:t]adj.离散的,分立的dislodge[dis'l C d V]v.拉出,取出dissolution[dis E'lu:F E n]n.结束distinct[dis'ti N kt]a.不同的，显著的distort[dis'd C:t]vt.扭曲distort[dis't C:t]vt.(使)变形,扭曲distributed system分布式系统dowel['dau E l]n.销子dramaticlly[dr E'm A tikli]adv.显著地drastic['dr A stik]a.激烈的draughting[dra:fti N]n.绘图draughtsman['dr A ftsm E n]n.起草人drawing['dr C:i N]n.制图drill press钻床drum[dr Q m]n.鼓轮dual['dju:E l]adv.双的，双重的ductility[d Q k'tiliti]n.延展性dynamic[dai'n A mik]adj动力的Eedge[ed V]n.边缘e.g.(exempli gratia)[拉]例如ejector[i'd V ekt E]n.排出器，ejector plate顶出板ejector rob顶杆elasticity[il A'stisiti]n.弹性electric dicharge machining电火花加工electrical discharge machining电火花加工electrochemical machining电化学加工electrode[i'lektr E ud]n.电极electro-deposition电铸elementary[el E'ment E ri]adj.基本的eliminate[i'limineit]vt.消除,除去elongate[i'l C N^et]vt.(使)伸长,延长emphasise['emf E saiz]vt.强调endeavour[en'dev E]n.尽力engagement[in'^eid V ment]n.约束,接合enhance[in'h A ns]vt.提高,增强ensure[in'F u E]vt.确保，保证envisage[in'vizid V]vt.设想erase[i'reis]vt.抹去,擦掉evaluation[i'v A lju7ei F E n]n.评价,估价eventually[i'v E nt F u E li]adv.终于evolution[ev E'lu:F E n]n.进展★专业英語★excecution[eksi'kju:F E n]n.执行,完成execute['ekskju:t]v.执行exerte[i^'z E:t]vt.施加experience[iks'piri E ns]n.经验explosive[iks'pl E usiv]adj.爆炸(性)的extend[eks'tend]v.伸展external[eks't E:nl]a.外部的extract[eks'tr A kt]v.拔出extreme[iks'tri:m]n.极端extremely[iks'tri:mli]adv.非常地extremity[iks'tmiti]n.极端extrusion[eks'tru:V E n]n.挤压,挤出FF(Fahrenheit)['f A r E nhait]n.华氏温度fabricate['f A brikeit]vt.制作,制造facilitate[f E'siliteit]vt.帮助facility[f E'siliti]n.设备facing[feisi N]n.端面车削fall within属于,适合于fan[f A n]n.风扇far from毫不,一点不,远非fatigue[f E'ti^]n.疲劳feasible['fi:z E bl]a可行的feature['fi:t F E]n.特色,特征feed[fi:d]n..进给feedback['fi:db A k]n.反馈female['fi:meil]a.阴的,凹形的ferrule['fer E l]n.套管file system文件系统fitter['fit E]n.装配工,钳工fix[fiks]vt.使固定,安装,vi.固定fixed half and moving half定模和动模flat-panel technology平面(显示)技术flexibility[fleksi'biliti]n.适应性,柔性flexible['fleks E bl]a.柔韧的flow mark流动斑点follow-on tool连续模foregoing['f C:'^E ui N]adj.在前的,前面的foretell[f C:'tell]vt.预测,预示,预言forge[f C:d V]n.v.锻造forming[f C:mi N]n.成型four screen quadrants四屏幕象限fracture['fr A kt F E]n.破裂free from免于Ggap[^A p]n.裂口,间隙gearbox['^i E b C ks]n.齿轮箱general arrangementgovern['^Q v E n]v.统治,支配,管理grain[^rein]n.纹理graphic['^r A fik]adj.图解的grasp[^r A sp]vt.抓住grid[^rid]n.格子,网格grind[^raind]v.磨,磨削,研磨grinding['^raindi N]n.磨光,磨削grinding machine磨床gripper[^rip E]n.抓爪,夹具groove[^ru:v]n.凹槽guide bush导套guide pillar导柱guide pillars and bushes导柱和导套Hhandset['h A ndset]n.电话听筒hardness['ha:dnis]n.硬度hardware['ha:dw Z E]n.硬件headstock['hedst C k]n.床头箱,★专业英語★主轴箱hexagonal[hek's A^E nl]a.六角形的,六角的hindrance['hindr E ns]n.障碍,障碍物hob[h C b]n.滚刀,冲头hollow-ware空心件horizontal[h C ri'z C ntl]a.水平的hose[h E uz]n.软管,水管hyperbolic[haip E'b C lik]adj.双曲线的Ii.e.(id est)[拉]也就是identical[ai'dentikl]a同样的identify[ai'dentifai]v.确定,识别idle['aidl]adj.空闲的immediately[i'mi:dj E tli]adv.正好,恰好impact['imp A kt]n.冲击impart[im'pa:t]v.给予implement['implim E nt]vt实现impossibility[imp C s E'biliti]n.不可能impression[im'pre F E n]n.型腔in contact with接触in terms of依据inasmuch(as)[in E z'm Q t F]conj.因为,由于inch-to-metric conversions英公制转换inclinable[in'klain E bl]adj.可倾斜的inclusion[in'klu F E n]n.内含物inconspicuous[ink E n'spikju E s]a.不显眼的incorporate[in'k C:p E reit]v合并,混合indentation[7inden'tei F E n]n.压痕indenter[in'dent E]n.压头independently[indi'pein E ntli]a.独自地,独立地inevitably[in'evit E bli]ad.不可避免地inexpensive[inik'spensiv]adj.便宜的inherently[in'hi E r E ntli]adv.固有的injection mould注塑模injection[in'd V ek F E n]n.注射in-line-of-draw直接脱模insert[in's E:t]n.嵌件inserted die嵌入式凹模inspection[in'spek F E n]n.检查,监督installation[inst E'lei F E n]n.安装integration[inti'^rei F E n]n.集成intelligent[in'telid V E nt]a.智能的intentinonally[in'ten F E n E li] adv加强地，集中地interface['int E feis]n..界面internal[in't E:nl]a.内部的interpolation[int E p E'lei F E n]n.插值法investment casting熔模铸造irregular[i'regjul E]adj.不规则的，无规律irrespective of不论,不管irrespective[iri'spektiv]a.不顾的,不考虑的issue['isju]vt.发布，发出Jjoint line结合线Kkerosene['ker E si:n]n.煤油keyboard['ki:b C:d]n.健盘knock[n R k]v敲，敲打L★专业英語★lance[la:ns]v.切缝lathe[lei T]n.车床latitude['l A titju:d]n.自由lay out布置limitation[limi'tei F E n]n.限度,限制,局限(性)local intelligence局部智能locate[l E u'keit]vt.定位logic['l C d V ik]n.逻辑longitudinal['l C nd V E'tju:dinl]a.纵向的longitudinally['l C nd V E'tju:dinl]a.纵向的look upon视作,看待lubrication[lju:bri'kei F E n]n.润滑Mmachine shop车间machine table工作台machining[m E'F i:ni N]n.加工made-to-measure定做maintenance['meintin E ns]n.维护,维修majority[m E'd V a:riti]n.多数make use of利用male[meil]a.阳的,凸形的malfunction['m A l'f Q N F E n]n.故障mandrel['m A dtil]n.心轴manifestation[m A nif E s'tei F E n]n.表现,显示massiveness['m A sivnis]厚实，大块measure['me V E]n.大小,度量microcomputer微型计算机microns['maikr C n]n.微米microprocessor微处理器mild steel低碳钢milling machine铣床mineral['min E r E l]n.矿物,矿产minimise['minimaiz]v.把···减到最少,最小化minute['minit]a.微小的mirror image镜像mirror['mir E]n.镜子MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)麻省理工学院moderate['m C d E rit]adj.适度的modification[m R difi'kei F E n]n.修改,修正modulus['m C djul E s]n.系数mold[m E uld]n.模,铸模,v.制模,造型monitor['m C nit E]v.监控monograph['m C n E^ra:f]n.专著more often than not常常motivation[m E uti'vei F E n]n.动机mould split line模具分型线moulding['m E udi N]n.注塑件move away from抛弃multi-imprssion mould多型腔模Nnarrow['n A r E u]a.狭窄的NC(numerical control)数控nevertheless[7nev E T E'les]conj.,adv.然而,不过nonferrous['n C n'fer E s]adj.不含铁的,非铁的normally['n C:mli]adv.通常地novice['n C vis]n.新手,初学者nozzle['n C zl]n.喷嘴,注口numerical[nju'merikl]n.数字的O objectionable[E b'd V ek F E bl]adj.有异议的，讨厌的★专业英語★observe[E b'z E:v]vt.观察obviously['C bvi E sli]adv明显地off-line脱机的on-line联机operational[C p E'rei F E nl]adj.操作的,运作的opportunity[C p E'tju:niti]n.时机,机会opposing[E'p E uzi N]a.对立的,对面的opposite['C p E zit]n.反面a.对立的,对面的optimization[R ptimai'zei F E n]n.最优化orient['C:ri E nt]vt.确定方向orthodox['C:W E d C ks]adj.正统的，正规的overall['E uv E r C:l]a.全面的,全部的overbend v.过度弯曲overcome[E uv E'k Q m]vt.克服,战胜overlaping['E uv E'l A pi N]n.重叠overriding[E uv E'raidi N]a.主要的,占优势的Ppack[p A k]v.包装package['p A kid V]vt.包装pallet['p A lit]n.货盘panel['p A nl]n.面板paraffin['p A r E fin]n.石蜡parallel[p A r E lel]a.平行的penetration[peni'trei F E n]n.穿透peripheral[p E'rif E r E l]adj外围的periphery[p E'rif E ri]n.外围permit[p E'mit]v.许可,允许pessure casting压力铸造pillar['pil E]n.柱子,导柱pin[pin]n.销,栓,钉pin-point gate针点式浇口piston['pist E n]n.活塞plan view主视图plasma['pl A zm E]n.等离子plastic['pl A stik]n.塑料platen['pl A t E n]n.压板plotter[pl C t E]n.绘图机plunge[pl Q nd V]v翻孔plunge[pl Q nd V]v.投入plunger['pl Q nd V E]n.柱塞pocket-size袖珍portray[p C:'trei]v.描绘pot[p C t]n.壶pour[p C:]vt.灌,注practicable['pr A ktik E b]a.行得通的preferable['pref E r E bl]a.更好的,更可取preliminary[pri'limin E ri]adj初步的，预备的press setter装模工press[pres]n.压,压床,冲床,压力机prevent[pri'vent]v.妨碍primarily['praim E rili]adv.主要地procedure[pr E'si:d V E]n.步骤,方法,程序productivity.[pr E ud Q k'tiviti]n.生产力profile['pr E ufail]n.轮廓progressively[pr E'^resiv]ad.渐进地project[pr E'd V ekt]n.项目project[pr E'd V ekt]v.凸出projection[pr E'd V ek F E n]n.突出部分proper['pr C p E]a.本身的property['pr C p E ti]n.特性prototype['pr E ut E taip]n.原★专业英語★形proximity[pr C k'simiti]n.接近prudent['pru:d E nt]a.谨慎的punch[p Q nt F]v.冲孔punch shapper tool刨模机punch-cum-blanking die凹凸模punched tape穿孔带purchase['p E:t F E s]vt.买，购买push back pin回程杆pyrometer[pai'n C mit E]n.高温计Qquality['kwaliti]n.质量quandrant['kw C dr E nt]n.象限quantity['kw C ntiti]n.量，数量quench[kwent F]vt.淬火Rradial['reidi E l]adv.放射状的ram[r A m]n撞锤.rapid['r A pid]adj.迅速的rapidly['r A pidli]adv.迅速地raster['r A st E]n.光栅raw[r C:]adj.未加工的raw material原材料ream[ri:m]v铰大reaming[ri:mi N]n.扩孔,铰孔recall[ri'k C:l]vt.记起,想起recede[ri'si:d]v.收回,后退recess[ri'ses]n.凹槽,凹座,凹进处redundancy[ri'd Q nd E nsi]n.过多re-entrant凹入的r e f e r[r i'f E:]v.指,涉及,谈及reference['ref E r E ns]n.参照,参考refresh display刷新显示register['red V st E]v.记录,显示,记数regrind[ri:'^aind](reground[ri:'gru:nd]) vt.再磨研relative['rel E tiv]a.相当的,比较的relay['ri:lei]n.继电器release[ri'li:s]vt.释放relegate['rel E7geit]vt.把··降低到reliability[rilai E'biliti]n.可靠性relief valves安全阀relief[ri'li:f]n.解除relieve[ri'li:v]vt.减轻,解除remainder[ri'meind E]n.剩余物,其余部分removal[ri'mu:vl]n.取出remove[ri'mu:v]v.切除,切削reposition[rip E'zi F E n]n.重新安排represent[7repri'zent E]v代表,象征reputable['repjut E bl]a.有名的,受尊敬的reservoir['rez E vwa:]n.容器,储存器resident['rezid E nt]a.驻存的resist[ri'zist]vt.抵抗resistance[ri'zist E ns]n.阻力,抵抗resolution[7rez E'lu:F E n]n.分辨率respective[ri'spektiv]a.分别的,各自的respond[ris'p C nd]v.响应,作出反应responsibility[risp C ns E'biliti]n.责任restrain[ris'trein]v.抑制restrict[ris'trikt]vt限制，限定restriction[ris'trik F E n]n.限制retain[ri'tein]vt.保持,保留retaining plate顶出固定板reveal[ri'vil]vt.显示，展现★专业英語★reversal[ri'v E sl]n.反向right-angled成直角的rigidity[ri'd V iditi]n.刚度rod[r C d]n.杆,棒rotate['r E uteit]vt.(使)旋转rough machining粗加工rough[r Q f]a.粗略的routine[ru:'ti:n]n.程序rubber['r Q b E]n.橡胶runner and gate systems流道和浇口系统Ssand casting砂型铸造satisfactorily[7s A tis'f A ktrili]adv.满意地saw[a C:]n.锯子scale[skeil]n.硬壳score[sk C:]v.刻划scrap[skr A p]n.废料,边角料,切屑screwcutting切螺纹seal[si:l]vt.密封secondary storagesection cutting plane剖切面secure[si'kju E]v.固定secure[si'kju E]vt.紧固,夹紧,固定segment['se^m E nt]v.分割sensitive['sensitiv]a.敏感的sequence['si:kw E ns]n.次序sequential[si'kwen F E l]a.相继的seriously['si E ri E sli]adv.严重地servomechanism['s E:v E'mek E nizm] n.伺服机构Servomechanism Laboratoies伺服机构实验室servomotor['s E:v E m E ut E]n.伺服马达setter['set E]n安装者set-up机构sever['sev E]v切断severity[si'veriti]n.严重shaded[F A did]adj.阴影的shank[F A N k]n.柄.shear[F i E]n.剪,切shot[F C t]n.注射shrink[F ri N k]vi.收缩side sectional view侧视图signal['si^nl]n.信号similarity[simi'l A riti]n.类似simplicity[sim'plisiti]n.简单single-point cutting tool单刃刀具situate['sitjueit]vt.使位于,使处于slide[slaid]vi.滑动,滑落slideway['slaidwei]n.导轨slot[sl C t]n.槽slug[sl Q^]n.嵌条soak[s E uk]v.浸,泡,均热software['s C ftw Z E]n.软件solid['s C lid]n.立体,固体solidify[s E'lidifai]vt.vi.(使)凝固,(使)固化solution[s E'lu:F E n]n.溶液sophisiticated[s E'fistikeitid]adj.尖端的,完善的sound[saund]a.结实的,坚固的)s p a r k e r o s i o n火花蚀刻spindle['spindl]n.主轴spline[splain]n.花键split[split]n.侧向分型,分型spool[spu:l]n.线轴springback n.反弹spring-loaded装弹簧的sprue bush主流道衬套sprue puller浇道拉杆★专业英語★square[skw Z E]v.使成方形stage[steid V]n.阶段standardisation[7st A nd E dai'zei F E n] n.标准化startling['sta:tli N]a.令人吃惊的steadily['sted E li]adv.稳定地step-by-step逐步stickiness['stikinis]n.粘性stiffness['stifnis]n.刚度stock[st C k]n.毛坯,坯料storage tube display储存管显示storage['st C:rid V]n.储存器straightforward[streit'f C:w E d]a.直接的strain[strein]n.应变strength[stre N W]n.强度stress[stres]n.压力,应力stress-strain应力--应变stretch[stret F]v.伸展strike[straik]vt.冲击stringent['strind V E nt]a.严厉的stripper[strip E]n.推板stroke[strouk]n.冲程,行程structrural build-up结构上形成的sub-base垫板subject['s Q bd V ikt]vt.使受到submerge[s E b'm E:d V]v.淹没subsequent['s Q bsikwent]adj.后来的subsequently['s Q bsikwentli]adv.后来,随后substantial[s E b'st A n F E l]a.实质的substitute['s Q bstitju:t]vt.代替,.替换subtract[s E b'tr A kt]v.减,减去suitable['su:t E bl]a.合适的,适当的suitably['su:t E bli]ad.合适地sunk[s Q N k](sink的过去分词)v.下沉,下陷superior[s E'pi E ri E]adj.上好的susceptible[s E'sept E bl]adj.易受影响的sweep away扫过symmetrical[si'metrikl]a.对称的synchronize['si N kr E naiz]v.同步,同时发生Ttactile['t A ktail]a.触觉的,有触觉的tailstock['teilst C k]n.尾架tapered['teip E d]a.锥形的tapping['t A pi N]n.攻丝technique[tek'ni:k]n.技术tempering['temp E r N]n.回火tendency['tend E nsi]n.趋向,倾向tensile['tensail]a.拉力的,可拉伸的L2拉紧的,张紧的tension['ten F E n]n.拉紧,张紧terminal['t E:m E nl]n.终端机terminology[t E:mi'n C l E d V i]n.术语,用辞theoretically[W i:E'retikli]adv.理论地thereby['T Z E bai]ad.因此,从而thermoplastic['W E:m E u'pl A stik] a.热塑性的,n.热塑性塑料thermoset['W E:m E set]n.热固性thoroughly['W Q r E uli] adv.十分地,彻底地thread pitch螺距thread[W red]n.螺纹thrown up推上tilt[tilt]n.倾斜,翘起tolerance['t C l E r E ns]n..公差tong[t CN]n.火钳tonnage['t Q nid V]n.吨位,总吨数tool point刀锋tool room工具车间★专业英語★XiaoYingLiu131toolholder['tu:lh E uld E ]n.刀夹,工具柄toolmaker ['tu:l'meik E ]n 模具制造者toolpost grinder 工具磨床toolpost['tu:l'p E ust]n.刀架torsional ['t C :F E nl]a 扭转的.toughness['t C fnis]n.韧性trace [treis]vt.追踪tracer-controlled milling machine 仿形铣床transverse[tr A ns'v E :s]a.横向的tray [trei]n.盘，盘子，蝶treatment['tri:tm E nt]n.处理tremendous[tri'mend E s]a.惊人的,巨大的trend [trend]n.趋势trigger stop 始用挡料销tungsten['t Q N st E n]n.钨turning['t E :ni N ]n.车削twist[twist ]v.扭曲，扭转two-plate mould 双板式注射模Uultimately['Q ltimitli]adv 终于.un de r c ut mou l d i ng 侧向分型模undercut['Q nd E k Q t]n.侧向分型undercut['Q nd E k Q t]n.底切underfeed['Q nd E 'fi:d]a,底部进料的undergo[Q nd E '^E u]vt.经受underside['Q nd E said]n 下面,下侧undue[Q n'dju:]a.不适当的,过度的uniform['ju:nif C :m]a.统一的,一致的utilize ['ju:tilaiz]v 利用Utopian[ju't E upi E n]adj.乌托邦的,理想化的Vvalve[v A lv]n.阀vaporize['veip E raiz]vt.vi.汽化,(使)蒸发variation [v Z E ri'ei F E n]n.变化various ['v Z E ri E s]a.不同的,各种的vector feedrate computation 向量进刀速率计算vee [vi:]n.v 字形velocity[vi'l C siti]n.速度versatile['v E s E tail]a.多才多艺的,万用的vertical['v E :tikl]a.垂直的via [vai E ]prep.经,通过vicinity[v E 'siniti]n.附近viewpoint['vju:p C int]n.观点Wwander['w C nd E ]v.偏离方向warp[w C :p]v.翘曲washer ['w CF E ]n.垫圈wear [w Z E ]v.磨损well line 结合线whereupon [hw Z E r E 'p C n]adv.于是winding ['waindi N ]n.绕,卷with respect to 相对于withstand[wi T 'st A nd]vt.经受,经得起work[w E :k]n.工件workstage 工序wrinkle['ri N kl]n.皱纹vt.使皱Yyield[ji:ld]v.生产Zzoom[zu:]n.图象电子放大。

trust 信任，信赖to come to light 显露出来fraud 欺骗the mislabelling 错贴标签to water down 掺水，冲淡to adulterate （在食物中）掺入杂质，掺假a mark up 加价，抬价deception 骗局，欺诈fraudulent 欺诈的to seize 没收a raid 突击搜捕，搜查substandard 不合格的，劣质的fake 假的，冒充的counterfeit 假冒的organic 有机的free range 自由放养的compliance 遵守，服从to make a fast buck （不择手段，弄虚作假）挣快钱，快速致富authentic 真的to claim 声称Glossary 词汇表board games 棋类游戏chess （国际）象棋Go 围棋strategies 策略moves 移动（棋子）noughts and crosses 画圈打叉的连三子棋work out 猜出来，推断出来card games 纸牌游戏actions （下棋）行为less rational 不太理智的game theory 博弈论opponents 对手chaotic 混乱的hard to predict 难预测the stock market 股票市场multi-player game 有众人参与的游戏base （动词）以什么为依据predictions 预测traders 交易人infinitely 极其；永远to sleep rough 露宿（街头）homeless 无家可归的to get back on (their) feet 重新振作起来a tour guide 一名导游off the beaten track 人迹罕见、偏僻的背街小巷isolated 孤立无援的a volunteer 一名志愿者to look down on (someone) 瞧不起、歧视（某人）a reversal of fortune 运势逆转to stand tall 重建信心technical skills 技术技能life skills 生活技能self-confidence 自信心self-esteem 自尊dyslexia 阅读障碍to drift out （由于外因）慢慢地离开、脱离depression 抑郁症alcohol abuse 酗酒an outcast 无家可归的人，被遗弃的人to empower 帮助，给予某人做某事的能力。

术语表glossary一、结构名称曲轴：crankshaft[ kræŋkʃɑ:ft]锻钢曲轴：forged crankshaft球铁曲轴：nodular crankshaft/casting crankshaft [ˈnɔdjulə] [ kæst iŋ] [ kræŋkʃɑ:ft]大头/后端：rear end[riə] [end]小头/前端：front end[frʌnt]轴径：journal[ dʒə:nl]大头轴径：the rear end journal小头轴径：the front end journal主轴径：main journal [mein]连杆轴径：pin journal[pin]中间主轴径：center main bearing journal [ sentə] [ bɛəriŋ]连杆顶：pin top[tɔp]连杆侧面：pin bearing side face [said][feis]曲柄臂：crank web[kræŋk][web]平衡铁：counterweight [ kauntəweit]轴承孔：bearing hole[həul]止口：located mouth [mauθ][ləʊ ke♓t♓d]稳钉：position[pə ziʃən]连杆侧面凹面：concave [kɔn keɪv]凸台：side step [said] [step]止推面：thrust face [θrʌst]中心距：half stroke；center distance[hɑ:f] [strəuk] [ distəns]键槽：keyway/ key groove [ ki: wei][ɡru:v]螺纹丝孔：screw hole [skru:] [həul]直油孔：vertical oil hole/main oil hole[ və:tikəl] [ɔ♓l][mein]斜油孔：slanted/inclined oil hole/pin oil hole[ slɑ:nt♓d] [♓n kla♓nd] [pin]二、加工工艺几何中心：geometry center [dʒi ɔmitri]质量中心：mass center[mæs]粗加工：rough [rʌf]半精加工：semi-finish[ semi][ finiʃ]精加工：finish [ finiʃ]车：turning[ tɜ:n♓ŋ]铣：milling [ miliŋ]钻：drilling[ dr♓l♓ŋ]磨：grinding [ ɡra♓nd♓ŋ]镗：boring [ bɔ:riŋ]珩磨：honing[ˈhəuniŋ]车－车拉：turn－turn broaching[ˈbrəutʃiŋ][tə:n]滚压：fillet rolling[ f♓l♓t] [ rəʊl♓ŋ]车挤压：turn burnishing[tə:n][ˈbə:niʃiŋ]倒角：chamfering [ˈtʃæmfəriŋ]去毛刺：burr removed[bɜ:] [ri mu:vd]动平衡：dynamic balance [dai næmik] [ bæləns]抛光：polishing[ˈpɔliʃiŋ]清洗：washing[ wɔ:ʃ♓ŋ]防锈：anti corrosion [ ænti] [kə rəʊʒən]防锈剂：antirust [ˌæntiˈrʌst]包装：packing [ pæk♓ŋ]圆角：fillet [ f♓l♓t]圆角半径：fillet radii[ reidiai]工装：dressing/facility [ dresiŋ][fə siliti]检具：gage[ɡeidʒ]基准：benchmark[ bentʃ mɑ:k]车床：lathe [le♓ð]轴向的：axial [ æksi:əl]加工工艺：machining technics[məˈʃi:niŋ] [ˈtekniks]特殊特性：characteristic [ kæriktə ristik]粗糙度：roughness[ rʌfn♓s]毛坯：rough blank [rʌf][blæŋk]尺寸：dimension[di menʃən]清洁度：cleanliness [ klenl♓n♓s]开档：open journal width[ əupən] [ dʒə:nl] [widθ]产能：capacity [kə pæsiti]三、形位公差公差：tolerance [ tɔlərəns]圆柱度：cylindricity平行度：parallelism [ pærəlelizəm]垂直度：verticality [ˌvə:tiˈkæləti]直线度：linearity [ˌliniˈæriti]位置度：location/position [ləu keiʃən][pə zi ʃən]对称度：symmetry [ simitri]倾斜度：slant[slɑ:nt]跳动：runout [ rʌn aʊt]全跳动：total indicator runout[ təutəl] [ ♓nd♓ke♓tə] [ rʌn aʊt]V 型块：V block[blɔk]四、探伤探伤：detecting [diˈtektiŋ]磁粉探伤：magnaflux / magnalo[ˈmæɡnəˌflʌks]荧光磁粉探伤：fluorescent magnetic particle inspection [fluə resnt][mæɡ neti k] [ pɑ:tikl] [♓n spekʃən]剩磁：residual Magnetism [r♓z♓dʒu:əl] [ mægn♓t♓zəm]退磁：demagnetize[di: mæɡnitaiz]磨削裂纹：grinder cracks [ gra♓ndə] [kræk]热处理裂纹：heat treat cracks[hi:t] [tri:t] [kræk]磨削烧伤：grinder burns [ gra♓ndə][bə:nz]流线：flow lines[fləu] [lainz]非金属夹杂：non-metallic inclusions [nuŋ] [mi tælik][♓n klu:ʒən]周向磁化：circular Magnetization[ sə:kjulə][ mægn♓t♓ze♓ʃən]纵向磁化：longitudinal Magnetization[lɔndʒi tju:din l] [ mægn♓t♓ze♓ʃən]五、热处理热处理：heat treatment [hi:t][ tri:tmənt]正火：normalizing[ˈnɔ:məlaiziŋ]淬火：induction harden /quench harden[♓n dʌkʃən][ˈhɑ:dn] [kwentʃ] [ˈhɑ:dn]回火/时效：tempering[ˈtempəriŋ]退火：annealing [æˈni:liŋ]调质：quench-tempering[kwentʃ] [ˈtempəriŋ]等温退火：isothermal annealing[ aisəu θə:məl][æˈni:liŋ]有效深度：effective Case Depth [i fekti v]抛丸：shot balsting/polishing [ʃɔt] [ˈpɔliʃiŋ]校直：straighten [ stre♓tn]去应力：stress relieving [stres][riˈli:viŋ]金相学的：metallographic[miˌtæləˈɡræfik]冶金学的：metallurgical[ˌmetəˈlə:dʒikəl]机械性能：mechanical property[mi kænikəl] [ prɔpəti]化学成分：chemical composition[ kemikəl] [ kɔmpə ziʃən]抗拉强度：tensile strength [ tensəl] [streŋθ]屈服强度：yield strength [ji:ld][streŋθ]延伸率：elongation [♓lɔ:ŋ ge♓ʃən]断面收缩：reduction of Area [ri dʌkʃən][ɔv] [ ɛəriə]表面硬度：surface Hardness[ sə:fis] [ hɑ:dn♓s]锻后控冷：as-Forged and Controlled Cooled [æz] [fɔ:dʒ] [ænd][kən trəuld]抗拉试棒：tensile specimen[ tensəl][ spesimən]金相试块：microstructural sample[ maikrəu strʌktʃəl][ sɑ:mpl]微观组织：microstructure[ maikrəu strʌktʃə]铁素体：ferrite [ ferait]珠光体：pearlite [ pə:lait]贝氏体：bainite [ˈbeinait]奥氏体：austenitic [ ɔ:stə nait]马氏体：martensite [ˈmɑ:tənzait]索氏体：sorbite [ˈsɔ:bait]晶粒度：grain size [ɡrein][saiz]其它柴油机：diesel engine [ di:zəl][ endʒin]汽油机：gasoline engine[ ɡæsəli:n][ endʒin]拔模角度：draft angle [drɑ:ft][ æŋɡl]相位角：phase angle [feiz] [ æŋɡl]飞轮：flywheel [ flaiwi:l]汽缸：cylinder [ silində]缸体：cylinder block [ silində][blɔk]缸盖：cylinder head[ silində][hed]齿轮：gear [ɡiə]胀断连杆：fracture-split connecting rod [ fræktʃə] [split] [kə nektiŋ][rɔd]量产：mass production /volume production [mæs] [ vɔlju:m] [prə dʌkʃən]内燃机：internal combustion engine[in tə:nəl] [kəm bʌstʃən] [ endʒin]扭矩：torque马力：horse power [hɔ:s] [ pauə]旋转方向：direction of rotation [di rekʃən] [ɔv] [rəʊ te♓ʃən]顺时针：clockwise [ klɔkwaiz]逆时针：counter-clockwise[ kauntə][ klɔkwaiz]风冷：air cooling[ɛə] [ ku:l♓ŋ]水冷：water cooling [ wɔ:tə][ ku:l♓ŋ]-排放：emission[♓m♓ʃən]排气系统：exhaust System [iɡ zɔ:st] [ sistəm]润滑油：lubricant[ lu:br♓kənt]金属切削：metal cutting [ metl][ kʌt♓ŋ]机床：machine tool [mə♓ʃi:n] [tu:l]金属工艺学：technology of metals[tek♓nɔlədʒi][ɔv][ metl]刀具：cutter[ kʌtə]摩擦：friction [ frikʃən]联结：link[liŋk]传动：drive/transmission [draiv][trænz miʃən]弹性：elasticity[♓læ st♓s♓t i]频率特性：frequency characteristic [ fri:kwənsi][ kæriktə ristik]误差：error [ erə]响应：response [ri spɔns]定位：allocation [ ælə keiʃən]机床夹具：jig [dʒ♓g]动力学：dynamic [dai næmi k]运动学：kinematic [ˌkainiˈmætik] 静力学：static[ stætik]分析力学：analyse mechanics [ ænəlaiz] [m♓kæn♓ks]拉伸：pulling[ˈpuliŋ]压缩：hitting [hitting]剪切：shear [ʃiə]扭转：twist [twist]弯曲应力：bending stress[ˈbendiŋ][stres]强度：intensity或strength [in tensit i][streŋθ]几何形状：geometrical [dʒ♓ə metr♓kəl]精度：precision[pri siʒən]正弦形的：sinusoid [ sainə sɔid]机械加工余量：machining allowance[məˈʃi:niŋ] [ə lauəns]变形力：deforming force [fɔ:s]变形：deformation[ di:fɔ: me♓☞☯n]应力：stress[stres]硬度：rigidity或hardness[r♓dʒ♓d♓ti][ hɑ:dn♓s] .热处理：heat treatment [hi:t] [ tri:tmənt]退火：anneal[ə ni:l]正火：normalizing [ˈnɔ:məlaiziŋ]脱碳：decarburization [di:ˌkɑ:bjuəraiˈzeiʃən]渗碳：carburization [ˌkɑ:bjuraiˈzeiʃən]外圆磨削：external grinding [eks tə:nl][ ɡra♓nd♓ŋ]内圆磨削：internal grinding [in tə:nəl] [ ɡra♓nd♓ŋ]平面磨削：plane grinding [plein] [ ɡra♓nd♓ŋ] 变速箱：gearbox [ ɡiəbɔks]离合器：clutch [klʌtʃ]绞孔：fraising绞刀：reamer [ ri:mə]螺纹加工：thread processing [θred] [prəʊ ses♓ŋ]螺钉：screw [skru:]铣削：mill [mil]铣刀：milling cutter[ miliŋ] [ kʌtə]功率：power [ pauə]工件：workpiece[ w ɜ:kpi:s]齿轮加工：gear mechining[ɡiə] [məˈtʃi:n♓☠]运动：main movement[mein] [ mu:vmənt]切削深度：cutting depth[ kʌtɪŋ] [depθ]加工中心：machining center [məˈtʃi:n♓☠] [ sentə]车刀：lathe tool [le♓ð] [tu:l]车床：lathe [le♓ð]钻削镗削：bore[ bɔ: ]车削：turning [ tɜ:n♓ŋ ]磨床：grinder [ gra♓ndə]基准enchmark[ bent☞mɑ:k]钳工：locksmith[ ɔk smɪθ]锻：forge [f :d ʒ]压模：stamping [ stæmpiŋ]焊weld [weld]拉床：broaching machine[ˈbrəutʃiŋ] [mə ʃi:n]拉孔：broaching[ˈbrəutʃiŋ]装配：assembling [ə sembl♓⏹♑]铸造：found [faund]流体动力学：fluid dynamics [ flu:ɪd] [dai næmiks]流体力学：fluid mechanics [ flu:ɪd] [mə ʃi:n]加工：machining[mə ʃi:n♓⏹☠]切线tangent [ tænd ☯nt]气压：air pressure pneumatic pressure [ɛə] [ preʃə] [nju: mætɪk] [ preʃə]稳定性：stability [stə biliti]介质：medium[ mi:djəm]失效invalidation[♓n væl♓de♓☞☜⏹]强度：intensity[in tensiti]载荷：load[ləud]安全系数：safty factor [ seifti] [ fæktə]可靠性：reliability [r♓la♓ə b♓lət♓]螺旋：helix[ hi:liks]键：spline [splain]销：pin [pin]滚动轴承：rolling bearing[ rəʊl♓ŋ] [ bɛəriŋ]滑动轴承：sliding bearing [ slaidiŋ] [ bɛəriŋ]弹簧：spring [spr iŋ]制动器：arrester brake[əˈrestə] [breik]皮带：strap [stræp]精加工：finish machining[ finiʃ] [məˈtʃi:n♓☠]粗加工：rough machining [rʌf][məˈtʃi:n♓☠]腐蚀：rust [rʌst]氧化：oxidation [ ɔksɪ de♓ʃən]磨损：wear[wɛə]耐用度durability[ dj✞rə b♓l♓t♓]残余应力：residual stress [r♓z♓dʒu:əl][stres]扭力：torsion [ tɔ:ʃən]冷加工：cold machining [kəuld] [məˈtʃi:n♓☠]电动机：electromotor [iˌlektrəuˈməutə]汽缸：cylinder [ silində]过盈配合：interference fit [ ♓ntə fiərəns] [fit]摄像头：CCDcamera[ kæmərə]滚齿：hobbing [ˈhɔbiŋ]插齿：gear shaping [ɡiə] [ˈʃeipiŋ]。

Glossary1 . astronomy英[əˈstrɒnəmi]美[əˈstrɑnəmi]n.天文学⏹例句1.Mathematics is connected with astronomy.数学与天文学有联系.2. Do you know anything about astronomy? 你懂天文学吗？3.Astronomy comes from astrology. 天文学是由占星术演变而来的。

⏹词根：nomy=a field of knowledge,表示"某一领域[的知识]"同根词n.⏹economy经济[学];节约(eco经济+nomy某一领域[的知识]→经济[学],引申为节约)⏹autonomy自治,自治权(auto自己+nomy统治,系统→自己统治→自治)⏹antinomy自相矛盾(anti反+nomy理论→相反理论→自相矛盾)2.astronomer英[əˈstrɒnəmə(r)]美[əˈstrɑnəmɚ]n.天文学者，天文学家天文学家复数：astronomers派生词：Astronomy noun 天文学⏹例句1.A new star attracted the notice of the astronomer. 新发现的一颗星引起了那位天文学家的注意。

2. Finally one day, an astronomer came to our village. 终有一日，村子里来了一个天文学家。

3. He is reputed to have been a good astronomer. 他以一个优秀的天文学者闻名于世。

4. It is the only tangible object the astronomer can handle. 这是天文学家能够掌握的唯一可接触的对象。

⏹课外拓展American astronomer who discovered the planet Pluto(1930). 汤博，克莱德·威廉生于1906美国天文学家，他于1930年发现了冥王星German astronomer who first stated laws of planetary motion (1571-1630). 第一个阐述行星运动定律的德国天文学家（1517－1630）。

Unit 1 Glossary1 fabledadj. famous in fables; legendary；well-known 虚构的, 寓言中的, 有名的动词fable的过去式和过去分词形式There are some fabled cities in that small country.The scientist went to investigate about the fabled fish in Lake Kansas.The deserted house is fabled to have been inhabited by ghosts.He fabled about his lot.他编造自己的身世。

He grew up in a fabled land where the very names were poetry.他生长在一个故事之乡,那儿的名字都是富有诗意的。

It was like a beast long fabled for its ferocity.它好象传说中的一头恣意横行的野兽。

The fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky.富有神奇色彩的南太平洋诸岛像天上的繁星一样散布在广阔的海面上。

2 ensconce settle without intention of moving or leavingv. / ɪnˈskɔns/ 安顿下来, 隐藏, 安置. esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ oneself/sb in sth (fml or joc 文或谑) establish or settle oneself in a safe, secret, comfortable, etc place 使自己定居或安顿在安全﹑秘密﹑舒适等的地方: Happily ensconced by the fire with a good book 舒适地坐在火炉旁, 读着一本好书We have ensconced ourselves in the most beautiful villa in the South of France. 我们在法国南部最美丽的别墅里安顿下来.3 dainty small, delicately beautiful and delicious/ ˈdeɪntɪ; ˋdentɪ/ adj (-ier, -iest)(of things) small and pretty （指物）小巧的, 精致的: dainty porcelain, lace, etc 小巧精致的瓷器﹑花边等.(a) (of people) neat and delicate(2) in build or movement （指人）（体形或举止）娇美的, 秀丽的, 优美的:a dainty child 娇小玲珑的孩子. (b) (of people) having refined taste1(5) and manners; fastidious, esp about food （指人）讲究的, （尤指对食物）挑剔的: a dainty eater 饮食讲究的人.having a pleasant taste; delicious 可口的; 美味的: a dainty morsel 美味的少量食物.> daintily adv in a dainty way 优美地; 精致地; 娇美地; 讲究地: a daintily dressed doll 服饰精美的娃娃.daintiness n [U].dainty (usu pl 通常作复数) n small tasty piece of food, esp a small cake 量少而味美的食物; （尤指）小点心.A singular thing it was to see the dainty and fastidious Lepidus, whom in a banquet a ray of daylight seemed to blind.勒庇多斯是一个爱讲究好挑剔的人,宴会上的一缕阳光似乎可以使他眼花缭乱。

Glossary词汇表Accounting 会计Audit 审计Bookkeeping 簿记Financial Accounting 财务会计Management Accounting 管理会计Internal Control 内部控制Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)通用会计准则Sole Proprietorship 独资企业Partnership伙伴关系；合作；合作关系；合伙人身份Corporation公司（制企业）Accounting entity会计单位，会计主体；会计个体；会计实体Going Concern 持续经营Accounting Period 会计期间Monetary Measurement 货币计量Objective 目标,目的；客观的Relevance 相关性Reliability 可靠性Comparability 可比较性Consistency一致性Accrual basis accounting 权责发生制会计方法记账Cash basis accounting 收付实现制会计方法记账Financial Statement 资产负债表Balance Sheet 资产负债表Income Statement 利润表Statement of Cash Flow 现金流量表Transaction 交易Debit借Credit贷Double-entry bookkeeping 复式记账法Accounting Cycle 会计循环Trial Balance试算平衡表Journal 日记账Ledge r分类账Posting 过账Entry 分录Income Summary 利润总结Closing 结账Current Assets 流动资产Cash and Cash Equivalent 现金和现金等价物Short-term Investment 短期投资Accounts Receivable 应收账款Inventory 存货Prepaid Expense 预付费用Property, plant and equipment 固定资产PPE Deterioration 磨损，消耗Obsolescence过时，落后Salvage value 残值Patent 专利Trademark 商标Goodwill商誉Copyright著作权Franchise 特许经营权Impairment 减值Current Liabilities 流动负债Accounts Payable 应付账款Accrued Expenses应计费用Unearned Revenue 预售收入Contingent Liabilities 或有负债Convertible bonds 可转换债券Bonds Payable应付债券Deferred Income Tax 递延所得税Owners’ Equity 所有者权益Stockholder 股东Common stock普通股Preferred stock优先股Premium on common stock 普通股溢价Additional paid-in capital 资本公积Capital Stock 股本Treasury stock 库存股Retained Earning 留存收益Dividends 股利Stock option 股票期权Unrealized gain or loss 未实现损益Revenue 收入Net Sales 净销售收入Expenses 费用Cost of Goods Sold 销货成本Selling expenses 销售费用Administrative expense 管理费用Gross Profit毛利润Net Income 净利润Bank Reconciliation 银行存款余额调节表，银行对账单Marketable Securities 有价证券Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 坏账准备Raw Material 原材料Work in Process 半成品Finished Goods 产成品Perpetual Inventory system 永续盘存制Periodic inventory system 定期盘存制Depreciation 折旧Intangible Assets 无形资产Amortization 摊销Expenditure开支；费用；消费；消耗Disbursement 支出，垫付。