复合句--三大从句
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初中英语语法三大从句在初中英语中,主要有三大从句,即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
小编今天跟大家分享的就是这三个从句的主要语法点,赶快看起来吧!初中英语语法三大从句宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invit ation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.定语从句一、定义在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
十一(Shí-Yī)、简单句和复合句〔一〕概述I.句子的种类1、按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感慨句。
1〕陈述句〔Declarative Sentences〕:说明一个事实或者陈述一种看法。
Light travels faster than sound.〔说明事实〕The film is rather boring.〔说明看法〕2〕疑问句〔Interrogative Sentences〕:提出问题。
有以下四种:a.一般疑问句〔General Questions〕:Can you finish the work in time?b.特殊疑问句〔W Questions; H Questions〕:Where do you live? How do you know that?c.选择疑问句〔Alternative Questions〕:Do you want tea or coffee?d.反意疑问句〔Tag-Questions〕:He doesn't know her, does he?3〕祈使句〔Imperative Sentences〕:提出恳求, 建议或者发出命令, 例如:Sit down, please. Don't be nervous!4〕感慨句〔Exclamatory Sentences〕:表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪, 例如:What good news it is! How beautiful the park is !2、句子按其构造可以分为以下三类:1〕简单句〔Simple Sentences〕:只包含一个主谓构造句子叫简单句, 例如:She is fond of collecting stamps.(主) (谓)2〕并列句〔Compound Sentences〕:包含(bāohán)两个或者两个以上主谓构造的句子叫并列句, 句与句之间通常用并列连词或者分号来连接, 例如:The food was good, but he had little appetite.(主) (谓) (主)(谓)3〕复合句〔Complex Sentences〕:包含一个主句从句和一个或者几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由附属连词引导, 例如:The film had begun when we got to the cinema.主句从句II.五种根本句型五种根本句型〔Basic Sentence Patterns〕:英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种根本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:1〕主 + 动〔SV〕例如:I work.2〕主 + 系 + 表〔SVP〕例如:John is busy.3〕主 + 动 + 宾〔SVO〕例如:She studies English.4〕主 + 动 + 宾 + 补〔SVOC〕例如:Time would prove me right.5〕主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾〔SVOiOd〕例如(lìrú):My mother made me a new dress.〔二〕三大从句之一:定语从句I. 知识重点1. 纯熟掌握并使用引导定语从句的关系代词或者关系副词。
英语中的复合句
英语中的复合句包括并立复合句和主从复合句。
(一)并立复合句
句型结构:简单句+连词+简单句…
(二)主从复合句
英语中的主从复合句包括三大类从句:名词性从句(四种:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句(两种:限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)和状语从句(十种:时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、条件及方式或伴随状语从句),共十六种从句(见下表)。
句型结构:
1.主语从句+谓语+其他/It+v…+主语从句
2.主语+联系动词+表语从句
3.主语+实义动词/某些形容词/介词+宾语从句
4.主句中某些抽象名词+同位语从句
5.主句中某些名词(+“,”)+定语从句
6.状语从句+“,”+主句/主句(+“,”)+状语从句。
初中英语语法三大从句英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。
英语语法的精华在于掌控语言的使用。
下面是作者给大家带来的初中英语语法三大从句,欢迎大家浏览参考,我们一起来看看吧!一、初中英语语法——三大从句之定语从句在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
【定语从句】一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一样是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一样放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌控,由于汉语里没有定语从句,汉语里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有:who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格以下表所示:格先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose物 which which whose of which人、物 that that —(一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school. 我将永久不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语。
引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether; 疑问代词who, what, which; 疑问副词when,where, why,how.eg. That he will come is certain. Who will go makes no difference.How this happened is not clear. Why he did that was a secret.一、that引导的主语从句A that引导主语从句时,不同于其他的连词,在主语从句中无任何意义,也不充当任何成分,只是单纯的连词,通常不可以省略。
eg.That he will succeed is certain. That he got the first place is true.B 在通常情况下,that引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,而将that从句置于句尾。
eg.It is certain that he will succeed. It is true that he got the first place.C 如果以that从句为主语的句子是疑问句,就只能用it作形式主语的结构。
eg.Is it certain that he will come? Is it true that he would take the risk?二、it作形式主语置于句首时的结构A “It+be+形容词+that从句”结构,常用于这种句型的形容词有:fortunate,possible,(un)likely, true,probable,strange, important, necessary, naturaleg.It is strange that no one (should) want togo there. It is likely that he will come.B “It+be+名词词组+tha从句”结构,常用于这种句型的名词及名词词组有:good news,com mon knowledge,an honor,a pity, a shame, no wonder等.eg.It is common knowledge that the earthturns around the sun.(It’s )no wonder (that) he got the firstplace.C “It+be+过去分词+that从句”结构,常用于这种句型的过去分词有:said,believed, reported, pointed out, proved,decided,suggested, advised, insisted, requested,ordered, required等。
初中英语重点语法三大从句总结初中英语中,主要有三大从句,即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
1宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
that: I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means. “Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.2定语从句在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
先行词指人 who /that先行词指物 which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose :指人或物,作定语,表示“…的”eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能 that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want i n this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g.He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词 + whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.3状语从句在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
一.名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,一个从句在整个句子中充当名词的作用,它可以作为主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
名词性从句主要分为四种:主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句。
1.Who will win the match is unknown.2.I want to know what he has told you.3. The fact is that he had won the game.4. The news that we won the game is exciting.(一)宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中做及物动词的宾语,或用作介词和某些表示心理活动的形容词后作宾语,或是用it 作为形式宾语代表宾语从句。
例:1. I think that it will be of no use.2. It depends on whether the boss will agree to you or not.宾语从句的连接词:that,(常用且一般可省略)who, what, whether/if(是否)which, whoever, whatever ,when, where, how, why. (连接词的选择要看从句的具体意思需要)例:1. I know that you are a teacher.2.I wonder if/ whether you are Mr Li.3. Do you know what I will do next?4. I can guess which team will win.5. I don’t know when he will come.6. I don’t know where he has gone.7. They don’t know how they should help me.8. Please give the book to whoever likes it.注意:①★宾语从句的语序一定是正常的语序,即陈述句的语序,先主语后谓语。
三大主从复合句以下是十条关于“三大主从复合句”的内容:1. 哎呀呀,宾语从句可重要啦!就像你说“我知道他喜欢足球”,这里的“他喜欢足球”就是宾语从句呀。
比如,“我觉得你肯定懂宾语从句的厉害之处,对吧?”2. 定语从句呀,那可是能让描述更精准的好家伙!就像“那个穿红衣服的女孩很漂亮”,“那个穿红衣服的”就是定语从句。
“你想想,要是没有定语从句,怎么能这么清楚地描述出那个特别的人呢?”3. 状语从句,哇哦,它可太有用了!像“当我看到他时,我笑了”,这“当我看到他时”就是状语从句。
“难道你不觉得状语从句让事情的先后顺序都清晰起来了吗?”4. 宾语从句就像是给句子加上了丰富的内涵,比如“他告诉我他明天会来”。
“你说,没有宾语从句,这句话得多单调呀!”5. 定语从句能让句子变得像一幅精致的画一样呢,像“那朵盛开的花真美丽”。
“这不是很神奇吗,就这么简单的几个词,就让花变得不一样了!”6. 状语从句简直就是时间和条件的好伙伴呀,如“如果明天天气好,我们就去爬山”。
“你看,状语从句是不是让一切都变得有规划啦?”7. 宾语从句是让我们表达更深入的秘密武器呀,“我相信他说的是真话”。
“这不是很厉害嘛,能把我们的想法准确传达!”8. 定语从句可是让描述更加细腻的魔法,“这是我小时候读过的书”。
“你不觉得有了定语从句,那本书都变得格外亲切了吗?”9. 状语从句是让事情发展有序的指挥棒呢,“在他离开之后,我才意识到他的重要性”。
“是不是没有状语从句就感觉缺了点什么呀?”10. 宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句,这三大主从复合句,真的是让语言变得超级有趣呀!“你难道还没发现它们的魅力所在吗?”我的观点结论:三大主从复合句在语言表达中起着至关重要的作用,它们让我们的话语更丰富、更准确、更有感染力。
我们应该好好掌握和运用它们呀!。
高中英语语法复合句讲解英语的复合句一样分为三大类型:名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
(一)名词性从句在整个复合句中起名词作用,充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语等的各种从句,统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句要紧有以下几种:1. that 引导的从句 e.g. It is reported that one third of Gua ngzhou citizens plan to buy a private car. (据报道,三分之一的广州市民打算购买私家车。
)2. whether/if 引导的从句 e.g. Whether motorcycles should be banned in Guangzhou has become an issue of controversy.(广州是否禁摩托车成了有争议的话题。
)3. how/why/when/where引导的从句 e.g. This essay aims to ex plore why so many white collar workers suffer from insomnia. (本文将探讨什么缘故这么多白领失眠的缘故。
)4. who/whom/whose/what/which引导的从句 e.g. Who should be responsible for the environmental degradation is still unknown.(谁对环境恶化负责还不清晰。
)(二)形容词性从句具有形容词功能,在复合句中做定语的从句被称之为形容词性从句或定语从句。
被修饰的名词、词组或代词被称为先行词。
形容词性从句分为两种类型:(1)由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as引导的从句。
例如: People who are strongly against human cloning claim that it is im moral and unethical. (强烈反对克隆人的人们认为如此做不道德和不合伦理)(2)由关系副词when, where, why引导的从句。
初中英语重点语法三大从句总结宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don't know what the word means.'Wh': I don't know what the word means.I don't know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don't know whether it's raining or not.2.与动词不定式连用:He doesn't know whether to accept the invitation.3.连接词前有介词时:三、时态1.主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3.如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.定语从句一、定义在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词先行词指人 who /that先行词指物 which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后三、关系代词关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词四、翻译方法'….的'Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.2. I don't like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示'…的'eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能 that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词 + whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.状语从句一、定义在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
初中英语语法三大从句总结,建议收藏建议!宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”:I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.定语从句在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
先行词指人who /that先行词指物which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whom\who we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示“…的”eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.状语从句在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
三大从句一.定语从句英语句子从结构上看有三种类型:1.简单句(Simple Sentence)2.并列句(Compound Sentence)3.复合句(Complex Sentence)【1】.简单句的五大基本句型:主语+连系动词+表语【Her face turned red with anger. 】主语+及物动词+宾语【Y ou can consider my suggestion.】主语+不及物动词(+状语)【This kind of cloth sells well.】主语+及物动词+间宾+直宾【He explained us the sentence.】主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补【He found the work half done.】【2】.并列句:由两个或两个以上等立而又相互独立的简单句构成,两个简单句由等立连词连在一起。
其结构是:简单句+等立连词+简单句(1)He has studied English for only one year,but he can read and write now.(2)Keep on and you will make progress.【3】.复合句:由一个主句或几个从句构成的句子。
从句只用作句子的一个成份,不能独立。
根据从句在句中的作用,可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。
从句:是一个成份,由一个句子充当某个成份定语:用于修饰名词或代词(1)He is a physics teacher.(2)Please show me another ticket.(3)Australia is an English-speaking country.定语从句:由一个句子充当定语从句的位置:在名词或代词后先行词:被定语从句修饰的词(名词或代词)引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词、关系副词)引导词的作用:(1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置例:The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.1.A traveller is a person who\that travels.2.A computer is a machine that does counting most quickly.3.A clock is a machine that tells people time.4.A fridge is a machine which is used to keep food fresh.5.A tailor is a person who makes clothes.6.A beggar is a person who makes a living by begging.7.A teacher is a person who gives lessons to students.8.A nurse is a person that looks after people who are ill.9.The panda is a kind of animal that can be found only in China.10.April 1st is the day which is called April Fool’s Day in the West.关系代词和关系副词的作用关系代词和关系副词如何区别1.The reason ___why__he missed the speech is that he forgot the time.2.The reason____that\which___he gave us sounded reasonable.3.I’ll never forget the day ______that\which____we spent together in Paris.4.I’ll remember the day____when____we stayed together at that time.5.This is the factory____that\which___we visited last year.6.This is the house ____where___Lincoln once lived.Remember: 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定。
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。