研究生学位英语23

全国攻读硕士学位硕士入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C OR D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 1 to how they can best 2 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 3 , but not justin ways that emphasize competition. 4 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 5 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 6 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 7 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 8 ，publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 9 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 10 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 11 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 12 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 13 visible in the background.In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have 14 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 15 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 16 else without feelingguilty and without letting the other participants 17 . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 18 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19 for roles that are within their 20 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.1. [A] thought [B] idea [C] opinion [D] advice2. [A] strengthen [B] accommodate [C] stimulate [D] enhance3. [A] care [B] nutrition [C] exercise [D] leisure4. [A] If [B] Although [C] Whereas [D] Because5. [A] assistance [B] guidance [C] confidence [D] tolerance6. [A] claimed [B] admired [C] ignored [D] surpassed7. [A] improper [B] risky [C] fair [D] wise8. [A] in effect [B] as a result [C] for example [D] in a sense9. [A] displaying [B] describing [C] creating [D] exchanging10. [A] durable [B] excessive [C] surplus [D] multiple11. [A] group [B] individual [C] personnel [D] corporation12. [A] consent [B] insurance [C] admission [D] security13. [A] particularly [B] barely [C] definitely [D] rarely14. [A] similar [B] long [C] different [D] short15. [A] if only [B] now that [C] so that [D] even if16. [A] everything [B] anything [C] nothing [D] something17. [A] off [B] down [C] out [D] alone18. [A] On the contrary [B] On the average [C] On the whole [D] On the other hand19. [A] making [B] standing [C] planning [D] taking20. [A] capability [B] responsibility [C] proficiency [D] efficiencySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Inter net. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War Ⅱ and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game”of espionage—spying as a “profession.”These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.The latest revolution isn’t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-clic k spying. The spooks call it “open source intelligence,” and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open-Source Solutions，whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes moneyby selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online .Straiford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster’s dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. “As soon as that report runs, we’ll suddenly get 500 new internet sign-ups from Ukraine,”says Friedman, a former political science professor. “And we’ll hear back from some of them.”Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That’s where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm’s outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.21. The emergence of the Net has .[A] received support from fans like Donovan[B] remolded the intelligence services[C] restored many common pastimes[D] revived spying as a profession22. Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to .[A] introduce the topic of online spying[B] show how he fought for the US[C] give an episode of the information war[D] honor his unique services to the CIA23. The phrase “making the biggest splash” (line 1,paragraph 3) most probablymeans .[A] causing the biggest trouble[B] exerting the greatest effort[C] achieving the greatest success[D] enjoying the widest popularity24. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that .[A] straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true[B] straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information[C] straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability[D] straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information25. Straitford is most proud of its .[A] official status[B] nonconformist image[C] efficient staff[D] military backgroundText 2To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, “all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.” One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threateningadvances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no medicines. Asked if she opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, “Then I would have to say yes.”Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, “Don’t worry, scientists will find some way of using computers.” Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way—in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement, a father’s bypass operation, a baby’s vaccinations, and even a pet’s shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.Much can be done. Scientists could “adopt” middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statementsabout the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing, there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.26. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to .[A] call on scientists to take some actions[B] criticize the misguided cause of animal rights[C] warn of the doom of biomedical research[D] show the triumph of the animal rights movement27. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is .[A] cruel but natural[B] inhuman and unacceptable[C] inevitable but vicious[D] pointless and wasteful28. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s .[A] discontent with animal research[B] ignorance about medical science[C] indifference to epidemics[D] anxiety about animal rights29. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates,scientists should .[A] communicate more with the public[B] employ hi-tech means in research[C] feel no shame for their cause[D] strive to develop new cures30. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is .[A] a well-known humanist[B] a medical practitioner[C] an enthusiast in animal rights[D] a supporter of animal researchText 3In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such“captive”shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucksor other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. It's theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.“Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?”asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shipper.Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortuning fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider the $10.2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail's net railway operating income in 1996 was just $427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who's going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that they will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.31. According to those who support mergers, railway monopoly is unlikelybecause .[A] cost reduction is based on competition.[B] services call for cross-trade coordination.[C] outside competitors will continue to exist.[D] shippers will have the railway by the throat.32. What is many captive shippers' attitude towards the consolidation in the railindustry?[A] Indifferent.[B] Supportive.[C] Indignant.[D] Apprehensive.33. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that .[A] shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad.[B] there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide.[C] overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief.[D] a government board ensures fair play in railway business.34. The word “arbiters”(line 7,paragraph 4)most probably refers to those .[A] who work as coordinators.[B] who function as judges.[C] who supervise transactions.[D] who determine the price.35. According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly causedby .[A] the continuing acquisition.[B] the growing traffic.[C] the cheering Wall Street.[D] the shrinking market.Text 4It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans’ life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 yearsago. But not even a great health-care system can cure death—and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians —frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient—too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.In 1950, the US spent $12.7 billion on health care. In , the cost will be $1,540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age—say 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way”, so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s.These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age. As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have.Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician,I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.36. What is implied in the first sentence?[A] Americans are better prepared for death than other people.[B] Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.[C] Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.[D] Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.37. The author uses the example of caner patients to show that .[A] medical resources are often wasted[B] doctors are helpless against fatal diseases[C] some treatments are too aggressive[D] medical costs are becoming unaffordable38. The author’s attitude toward Richard Lamm’s remark is one of.[A] strong disapproval [B] reserved consent[C] slight contempt [D] enthusiastic support39. In contras to the US, Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care.[A] more flexibly [B] more extravagantly[C] more cautiously [D] more reasonably40. The text intends to express the idea that.[A]medicine will further prolong people’s lives[B]life beyond a certain limit is not worth living[C] death should be accepted as a fact of life[D] excessive demands increase the cost of health carePart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative, possessed of insatiable curiosity.（41）Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore, it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth.“Anthropology” derives from the Greek words anthropos “human” and logos “the study of.” By its very name, anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.Anthropology is one of the social sciences.（42）Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.Social science disciplines include geography, economics, political, science, psychology, and sociology. Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity. Anthropology is afield-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.（43）The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture. Sir Edward Tylor’s formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of 19th century science.（44）Tylor d efined culture as “…that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.” This insight, so profound in its simplicity, opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life. Implicit within Tylor’s definition is the concept that culture is learned. shared, and patterned behavior.（45）Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture,” like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept w hich makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.Section III Writing46. Directions:Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay entitled in which you should1）describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and2）point out its implications in our life.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)第一部分英语知识运用试题解析一、文章总体分析文章重要论述了教师们应当关注青少年在成长时期所经历旳情感、心智和生理上旳变化，并采用措施协助他们适应这些变化，健康成长。

全国2023年学位英语考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1National 2023 Degree English Exam Sample Questions and AnswersPart 1: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow:A recent study published in the Journal of American Psychology examined the effects of social media on mental health. The study found that excessive use of social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram can lead to feelings of inadequacy and depression among young people. The constant comparison to others' seemingly perfect lives portrayed on social media can have a negative impact on self-esteem and overall well-being.Question 1: What was the main finding of the study mentioned in the passage?A. Social media has no impact on mental health.B. Excessive social media use can lead to feelings of inadequacy and depression.C. Social media is beneficial for young people's mental health.D. Comparison to others' lives on social media has a positive impact on self-esteem.Answer: B. Excessive social media use can lead to feelings of inadequacy and depression.Question 2: According to the passage, why can social media have a negative impact on self-esteem?A. Because people only post positive aspects of their lives on social media.B. Because social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram are addictive.C. Because social media causes people to compare themselves to others' perfect lives.D. Because social media promotes healthy and realisticself-images.Answer: C. Because social media causes people to compare themselves to others' perfect lives.Part 2: Vocabulary and GrammarChoose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.Question 1: She _____ to the gym every day to stay in shape.A. is goingB. goesC. goD. goingAnswer: B. goesQuestion 2: I ______ my keys. I can't find them anywhere.A. has lostB. lostC. loseD. am losingAnswer: B. lostQuestion 3: If I _______ the lottery, I would buy a new car.A. winB. wonC. have wonD. will winAnswer: B. wonPart 3: WritingWrite an essay on the following topic:"Social media is harmful to young people's mental health."In recent years, social media has become an integral part of young people's lives. However, its impact on mental health has raised concerns among researchers and experts. This essay will argue that social media can have detrimental effects on young people's mental health due to the constant comparison to others, the spread of misinformation, and the risk of cyberbullying.Firstly, social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram encourage users to create a curated version of their lives, showcasing only the positive aspects while hiding the struggles and challenges they face. This can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem among young people who compare their own lives to the seemingly perfect ones portrayed on social media. In a world where likes and followers equate topopularity and success, many young people feel pressured to conform to unrealistic standards set by influencers and celebrities on social media.Secondly, the spread of misinformation and fake news on social media can have serious consequences for young people's mental well-being. With the rise of fake news websites and clickbait headlines, it is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish between fact and fiction online. This can lead to confusion and anxiety among young people who are constantly bombarded with conflicting information, further exacerbating feelings of uncertainty and distrust in the digital world.Lastly, the anonymity and distance provided by social media can make it easier for individuals to engage in cyberbullying and harassment. Young people are particularly vulnerable to online bullying, which can have long-lasting effects on their mental health. The constant fear of being judged or humiliated online can lead to anxiety and depression among young people, ultimately impacting their social and emotional well-being.In conclusion, social media can have harmful effects on young people's mental health. The constant comparison to others, the spread of misinformation, and the risk of cyberbullying are just a few examples of how social media cannegatively impact young people's well-being. It is important for parents, educators, and policymakers to address these issues and promote a healthy and balanced relationship with social media among young people.Overall, the National 2023 Degree English Exam will test your reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar, and writing skills. Make sure to practice and prepare in advance to achieve your desired score. Good luck!篇2National College English Test (2023)Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: In this part, there are three passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Palm Oil Production and DeforestationPalm oil is the most widely used edible oil in the world, found in all types of food we eat on a daily basis. However, the production of palm oil is also a leading cause of deforestation in tropical regions. In places like Indonesia and Malaysia, rainforests are being cleared at an alarming rate to make way for palm oil plantations. This destruction of natural habitats not only leads to the loss of biodiversity but also contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating climate change.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of palm oil productionB. The negative impacts of palm oil productionC. The importance of tropical rainforestsD. The uses of palm oil2. According to the passage, what is the main reason for deforestation in tropical regions?A. AgricultureB. UrbanizationC. LoggingD. Palm oil production3. What is one of the consequences of deforestation mentioned in the passage?A. Increased biodiversityB. Decreased greenhouse gas emissionsC. Climate changeD. Expansion of natural habitats4. The word "alarming" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.A. surprisingB. dangerousC. interestingD. exciting5. What is the author's attitude towards palm oil production in the passage?A. NeutralB. SupportiveC. CriticalD. IndifferentPart BDirections: In this part, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Plastic Pollution in OceansPlastic pollution is one of the most pressing environmental issues of our time. Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the world's oceans, causing harm to marine life and ecosystems. The effects of plastic pollution are far-reaching, with plastic particles now being found in the food we eat and the water we drink. While efforts are being made to reduce plastic usage and improve waste management, more needs to be done to address this global problem.6. Human activities are impacting marine life and ecosystems.7. The volume of plastic waste in oceans is increasing each year.8. Plastic pollution poses a threat to human health.9. Governments and organizations are taking action to address plastic pollution.10. The topic of plastic pollution is a major concern for society.Answer KeyPart A1. B2. D3. C4. A5. CPart B6. B7. C8. A9. C10. DWishing all test-takers good luck on the 2023 National College English Test!篇3National College English Test 2023 (CET-4) Sample Test and AnswersPart I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear four conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) She's calling for some important information.B) She's reserving a room for the night.C) She's making arrangements for a business trip.D) She's booking a table for dinner.2. A) At 8:00.B) At 8:15.C) At 8:30.D) At 9:00.3. A) A radio.B) A TV set.C) A computer.D) A bike.4. A) The man's driving skills.B) The location of the woman's house.C) The safety of cycling on busy streets.D) The woman's reluctance to buy a car. Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear six questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 5 to 10 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) To review.B) To make a conference call.C) To introduce herself.D) To discuss a new assignment.6. A) Tom Dylan.B) Mary's boss.C) Tom's boss.D) Mary's colleague.7. A) An official document.B) A business proposal.C) A marketing plan.D) A new product idea.8. A) The importance of staying focused.B) The significance of high profits.C) The need for a new marketing strategy.D) The potential benefits of expanding overseas.9. A) Needs to make a lot of phone calls.B) Wants to go on a business trip.C) Has some news to share.D) Has to attend a meeting.10. A) She has been too busy to work on it.B) His ideas will be helpful for her presentation.C) She appreciates his willingness to help her.D) She has made progress on the report. ...Answer Key:1. A) She's calling for some important information.2. B) At 8:15.3. C) A computer.4. B) The location of the woman's house.5. D) To discuss a new assignment.6. A) Tom Dylan.7. C) A marketing plan.8. D) The potential benefits of expanding overseas.9. C) Has some news to share.10. A) She has been too busy to work on it.Note: The above answer key is for reference only. The actual answers may vary slightly depending on the specific test version.I hope this sample test and answer key for the 2023 National College English Test (CET-4) will be helpful for your preparation. Good luck with your exam!。

23英一解析摘要：一、引言二、23 英一考试概述1.考试时间2.考试科目及题型三、23 英一考试难度分析1.词汇语法部分2.阅读理解部分3.写作部分四、23 英一备考策略1.制定合理的学习计划2.注重词汇语法的学习3.提高阅读理解能力4.加强写作训练五、总结正文：【引言】23 英一考试作为全国硕士研究生入学考试的一部分，对于广大考生来说具有重要意义。

本文将对23 英一考试进行详细解析，帮助考生更好地备考。

【23 英一考试概述】23 英一考试主要测试考生的英语语言运用能力，包括词汇语法、阅读理解和写作三个部分。

考试总分为100 分，考试时间为180 分钟。

【23 英一考试难度分析】【词汇语法部分】词汇语法部分主要测试考生的词汇和语法知识，题型包括选择题和填空题。

考生需要掌握大纲要求的词汇和语法规则，并在实际应用中熟练运用。

【阅读理解部分】阅读理解部分主要测试考生的英语阅读能力，题型包括选择题和简答题。

考生需要具备较强的阅读速度和理解能力，能够从文章中获取关键信息并进行分析。

【写作部分】写作部分主要测试考生的英语写作能力，题型包括小作文和大作文。

考生需要具备良好的写作技巧和丰富的词汇，能够根据题目要求进行有条理的表达。

【23 英一备考策略】【制定合理的学习计划】考生在备考过程中，需要根据自己的实际情况制定合理的学习计划，确保每个阶段的学习任务能够按时完成。

【注重词汇语法的学习】词汇语法是英语学习的基础，考生需要重视词汇语法的学习，通过大量的练习巩固和提高自己的词汇语法水平。

【提高阅读理解能力】阅读理解部分需要考生具备较强的阅读速度和理解能力，考生可以通过阅读英语文章、观看英语视频等方式，提高自己的阅读理解能力。

【加强写作训练】写作部分需要考生具备良好的写作技巧和丰富的词汇，考生可以通过模仿范文、进行写作练习等方式，提高自己的写作水平。

【总结】23 英一考试对考生的英语语言运用能力有较高要求，考生需要全面备考，加强基础知识的学习，提高各项技能。

研究生学位英语复习EST1Part I Listening ComprehensionSection 1, Conversation (10 minutes, 10 points)Section 2, Passages (10 minutes, 10 points)Part II: Cloze Test (10 minutes, 15 points)Scientists who study the Earth's climate are convinced that volcano eruptions have a significant effect on general weather patterns. In fact, one of the many (36) which attempt to explain how an icc age begins holds that the (37) is a dramatic increase in volcanic eruptions. The volcanic explosions, besides causing local thunderstorms and lightning, inject great amounts of gas and (38)_into the stratosphere (同温层).At this (39), the volcanic material spreads all the way around the Earth・ This volcanic material (40) a certain amount of sunlight and (41) some back into space・ The net result is to (42) the planets surface・ For instance, 43 was perhaps the largest eruption occuned in 1883 when the Indonesia volcano Krakatoa exploded. The following year was (44) in Europe as the H year without summer0 because the (45) was so cool and rainy.While there is (46) scientific agreement that volcanic eruption can lead to cooling, (47) of how this happens are not clear. As a result, scientists cannot (48) whether the volcanic activity which (49) past icc ages would result (50) sufficient cooling to cause a glacial period・ Similarly, it is not possible for scientists to predict the climate effect of a future volcanic eruption with any confidence・36. A. theories B・ inventions C. judgments D. discoveries37.A. cause B. course C・means D. case38. A. petroleum B. ash C. flame D. garbage39. A. relation B. instance C・ moment D. altitude40. A. scatters B・ releases C. constitutes D・ absorbs41. A. carnes B. converts C. reflects D. gathers42. A. cool B. warm C. freeze D. heat43. A. such B. what C. there D. that44. A. known B. reported C. marked D. testified45. A. air B. temperature C. sky D. weather46. A. committed B. optimistic C・general D. absolute47. A・ indexes B・ predictions C・ details D. decisions48. A. analyze B. determine C. assure D・ assume49. A. confronted B. promoted C・ proceed D. preceded50. A. in B. from C. to D. with Part I ReadingPassage OneWe use emotive language to express our own attitudes and feelings・ We also direct emotive language at other people to persuade them to believe as we do or to do as we want them to do; and, of course, other people direct emotive language at us to get us to believe or to do what they want.We are subjected to a constant stream of persuasion day in, day out, at home and in school, on the radio and on television. It comes from parents and teachers, from preachers and politicians, from editors and commentators, but, most of all, of course, from advertisers. Most of this persuasion is expressed in emotive language and is intended to appeal to our feelings rather than to be weighed up by our powers of reasoning・Wc should look at the motives behind all this persuasion. Why do they want to persuade us? What do they want us to do? We are not thinking very clearly unless we try to see through the veil of words and realize something of the speaker's purpose.An appeal to emotion is in itself neither good or bad. Our emotions exist and they are part of our personality. On some occasions people appeal to our emotions on the highest levels and from the best of motives. A case in point is ChurchilVs wartime speeches: whatever people thought of Churchill as a politician, they were united behind him when he spoke as national leader in those dark days ― their feelings responded to his call for resolution and unity.It is a characteristic of social groups that the members have a feeling of personal attachment to the group ■一to the family in earliest childhood and extending later to the school, the team, the church, the nation, in patterns that vary from time to time. Hence a speaker from our group will find in us feelings to which he can readily and genuinely appeal, whether our reaction is favorable or not. We are at least open to the appeal and we appreciate the context in which it is made・1.The major functions of emotive language discussed in the passage are Io ・・A.extend our powers of reasoning and carry out a purposeB.advertise and produce the wanted social effectsC・ show one's feelings and appeal to those of othersD. make others believe in us and respond to our feelings2.It is suggested in the third paragraph of this passage that wcA should keep a cool head when subjected to persuasion of various kindsB need to judge whether a persuasion is made for good or badC・ have to carefully use our emotive languageD・ should avoid being easily seen through by an appeal from others3.The source from which emotive language flows upon us in its greatest amount is ・・A.the mass mediaB. the educational institutionsC.the religious circles D・ the advertising business4.Churchill is mentioned in the passage as」A.an example of how people weighed up persuasion with reasoningB・ a national leader who brought out people's best feelingsC・ a positive example of appealing to people's motionD.a politician who has been known as a good speaker5.What is NOT mentioned as relevant to our emotions in this passage?A.Social contextB. Personal experienceC. The personality of national leadersD. Religious belief6.It can be inferred from the passage that a persuasive speaker must ・A.find out what group his audience is attached toB.vary his speech patterns from time to timeC.know how to adapt his way of speaking to the needs of the audienceD.be aware whether the listeners are favorable to his opinion or notPassage TwoAs goods and services improved, people were persuaded to spend their money on changing from old to new, and found the change worth the expenses. When an airline equipped itself with jets, for example, its costs ( and therefore air fare) would go up, but the new planes meant such an improvement that the higher cost was justified. A new car ( or wireless, washing machine, electric kettle) made life so much more comfortable than the old one that the high cost of replacement was fully repaid. Manufacturers still cry their wares as persuasively as ever, but are the improvements really worth paying for? In many fields things have now reached such a high standard of performance that further progress is very limited and very expensive. Airlines, for example, go to enormous expense in buying the latest prestige jets, in which vast research costs have been spent on relatively small improvements. If we scrap these vast costs we might lose the chance of cutting minutes away from flying times, but wouldn't it be better to see air fares drop dramatically, as capital costs become relatively insignificant? Again, in the context of a 70mph limit, with platoons of cars traveling so densely as to control each other's speeds, improvements in performance are virtually iiTelevanl; improvements in handling are unnecessary, as most production cars grip the road perfectly; and comfort has now reached a very high level indeed・ Small improvements here are unlikely to be worth the thousands that anybody replacing an ordinary family car every two years may ultimately have spent on them. Let us instead have cars ■一or wireless, electric kettles, washing machines, television sets ■一which are made to last, and not to be replaced・Significant progress is obviously a good thing; but the insignificant progression from model-change to modcl-changc is not.7.The author obviously is challenging the social norm that ・•A.it is. important to improve goods and servicesB・ development of technology makes our life more comfortableC.it is reasonable that prices are going up all the timeD.slightly modified new products are worth buying8.According to this passage, air fares may rise because -rA people tend to travel by new airplanesB.the airplane has been improvedC.the change is found to be reasonableD.the service on the airplane is better than before9.According to the author, passengers would be happier if theyA.could fly in the latest model of reputable planesB・ could get tickets at much lower pricesC・ see the airlines make vital changes in their servicesD. could spend less time flying in the air10.When manufacturers have improved the performance of their products to a certain level, thenit would be_. .A.justified for them to cut the priceB.unnecessary for them to make any new changesC.difficult and costly to further better themD.insignificant for them to cut down the research costs11.In the case of cars, the author urges that we -・A.can cel the speed limitB. further improve the performanceC・ improve the durability D・ change models every two years12.The author's criticism is probably based on the fact that ・・A.we have been persuaded to live an extravagant life today B・ many products we buy turn out to be substandard or inferiorC.inflation is becoming a big problem in the world todayD.people arc wasting their money on trivial technological progressPassage ThreeRecent studies on the male-female wage gap predict that even though entry salaries for males and females in the same occupation are nearly equal because women's market skills have improved vastly, the chances of the overall gap closing in the foreseeable future are minimal. This is due to several factors that are likely to change very slowly, if at all. An important reason is that women are concentrated in occupations — service and clerical — that pay less than traditional male jobs. It is possible that more women than men in their twenties are hesitant to commit themselves to a year-round, lifetime career or job for many reasons There is lingering attitude on both the part of women and their employers that women are not cut out for certain jobs・ Not only does this attitude channel women into lower-paying work, but it also serves to keep them from top management positions・Another significant factor in the widening wage gap between men and women entering the work force, even in comparable jobs, is that women often drop out at critical points in their careers to have a family. Women still have the primary responsibility for child-bearing; even if they continue to work, they often forgo overtime and promotions that would conflict with home responsibilities・ The ages of25 to 35 have been shown repeatedly to be the period when working consistently and hard is vital to advancement and job security・ These are precisely the years when women are likely to have children and begin to slide away from men in earning power. Consequently, a woman's income is more likely to be seen as secondary to her husband's・13.According to recent studies on the male-female wage gap,」A.there is much hope of narrowing the male-female wage gap in the near futureB.working women will have many opportunities to hold high-paying jobs in the near futureC・ women's pay will still stay al a level below that of men in the near futureD. salaries for males and females in the same occupation will be equal in the near future14.Women arc kept from top management positions partly because they - •A.decide to devote themselves to certain lifetime jobs in their twentiesB.are inclined to rank family second to workC.tend to have more quaiTels with their employersD・ still take an inconect attitude towards themselves15.Which of the following is implied in the passage as a partial reason for women's concentration in certain occupations?A.Social division of labor.B. Social prejudice against themC・ Employment laws. D. Physiological weakness・16.The worcT 伽go" in Paragraph 2 could be best replaced by - •A.give upB. drop outC.throwawayD. cut out17.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that -・A.merfs jobs are subject to changeB.women tend to be employed off and on at the same jobC.men' chances of promotion are minimalD.women used to be employed all the year round18.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Women's market skills have improved greatly・B.Child care is still chiefly women's workC・ Women are typically employed in clerical and service jobs・D.Domestic duties no longer conflict with women's jobs.Passage FourIt seems that the life of a television reporter is fantastically admired by many people. But this is only one side of the coin. First, he never goes deeply into anyone subject ― he may be expert at mastering a brief in a short time and M gctting up H a subject, but a week later he is on to the next subject, and a week later still he is on to the subject after that. He seldom grasps with a full-scale investigation anyone thing. He has to be able to forget what he was working on a few weeks before, otherwise his mind would become messed up.Second, a reporter does not have anything lasting to show for what he does — there is no shelf of books, no studio full of paintings・ He pours his life into something which flickers in shadows across a screen and is gone forever・ I have seen people in many television jobs turn at the end of watching one of their own programs and say something like: H Well, that's all those days/weeks/months of work. Travel and worry sunk without trace." As a way of life it conics to seem like blowing bubbles ■一entertaining to do, and the bubbles numerous and pretty to look at, and all different, but all disappearing into thin air.Third, the pace of life is too fast. Not only is it destructive of one's private life, one does not even have time to give proper consideration to the things one is professionally concerned with -not enough time to think, not enough time to read, not enough lime to write one's commentary, prepare one's interviews and so on. When one disengages from it and allows one's perceptions, thinking, reading and the rest to proceed at their natural pace one gets analtogether unfamiliar sense of solidarity and well-being・Fourth, the reporter is at the mercy of events. A revolution breaks out in Cuba so he is off there on the next plane ・ Somebody shoots President Reagan so he drops everything he is doing and flies to Washington. He is like a puppet pulled by strings ™ the strings of the world's affairs. He is not motivated from within. He does not dec ide for himself what he would like to do, where he would like to go, what he would like to work on. He is activated from without, and his whole life becomes a kind of reflex action, a series of high-pressure responses to external stimuli. He has ceased to exist as an independent personality.19. A TV reporter never makes an in-depth study of a subject becauseA.he usually gets one side of the pictureB.the subjects that he has to attend to often switch from one to anotherC.he does not know how to develop it to its full scaleD.that is the life that suits him20.A. it is implied but not stated that many people ・・A.know nothing about the work of a TV repor 1 erB.think the life of a TV reporter dull and boringC・ have a biased opinion against the job of a TV reporterD.tend to underestimate the hard part of being a TV reporter21 TV reporting, according to this passage, is something _______ ・A.profitable for a person to take upB.interesting to do but quick to fade outC・ causing a person to forget his previous workD・ producing a lasting effect22.A TV reporter is in most need of - •A. being a master of his timeB・ proper consideration of his professionC.a comfortable life of his ownD.disengaging himself from work23.The activities of a TV reporter are largely geared to ・・A. his motivationB. his working styleC.current affairsD. reflex to pressures24.The title of this passage would best be given as ・・A.What a TV Reporter Can and Cannot AccomplishB.The S OITOWS of TV ProfessionalsC.The Confession of a TV ReporterD.The Drawbacks in the Life of a TV ReporterPaper TwoPail IV Reading and Answering Questions (25 minutes, 10 points)The conflict between what in its present mood the public expects science to achieve in satisfaction of popularhopes and what is really in its power is a serious matter because・ even if the true scientists should all recognize the limitations of what they can do in the field of human affairs, so long as the public expects more there will always be some who will pretend, and perhaps honestly believe, that they can do more to meet popular demands than is really in their power. It is often difficult enough for the expert, and cel lainly in many instances impossible for the layman, to distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate claims advanced in the name of science. The enormous publicity recently given by the media to a report pronouncing in the name of science of The Limits to Growth, and the silence of the same media about the devastating criticism this report has received from the competent experts, must make one feel somewhat apprehensive about the use to which the prestige of science can be put. But it is by no means only in the field of economics that far-reaching claims arc made on behalf of a more scientific direction of all human activities and the desirability of replacing spontaneous processes by H conscious human control".If I am not mistaken, psychology, psychiatry and some branches of sociology, not to speak about the so-called philosophy of history, are even more affected by what I have called the scientistic prejudice, and by specious claims of what science can achieve・Questions :What is the main thought of the passage? What should be our correct attitude towards science?回答该项问题一般要注意，第一问主要是结合文章回答问题，可以或多或少的引用文中内容回答，第二问主要是考察我们研究生对某个现象的认识。

一、A Working Community1. I have a friend who is a member of the medical community. It does not say that, of course, on the stationery that bears her home address.This membership comes f rom her hospital work.我有一个朋友,她是医学界的一员。

当然，这在有她家庭住址的信笺上是找不到的。

她的这个成员身份来自她的医院工作。

2. I have another friend who is a member of the computer community. This is a fairl y new subdivision of our economy, and yet he finds his sense of place in it.我有另一个朋友，他是电脑圈的一员。

这是我们的经济的一个相当新的分支，但是他在这里找到了自己的归属感。

3. Other friends and acquaintances of mine are members of the academic communi ty, or the business community, or the journalistic community.我的其他朋友和熟人是学术界，商界，或新闻社区的成员。

4. Though you cannot find these on any map, we know where we belong。

虽然在任何地图上找不到这些，我们却知道自己的归属。

5、None of us, mind you, was born into these communities. Nor did we move into them, U-Hauling our possessions along with us. None has papers to prove we are card-carrying members of one such group or another. Yet it seems that more and more of us are identified by work these days, rather than by street.值得一提的是，我们没有谁一出生就属于这些社区，也不是后来我们搬了进来。

23年国家开放大学学位英语考试真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1National Open University Degree English Exam 23 yearsSection A: Vocabulary and Structure1. The three main forces in the running of industries are government regulation, market pressures, and __________ factors.A) socialB) politicalC) economicD) competitive2. The tourist guide carried ___________________ information about the historic sites in the city.A) a lotB) a great dealC) manyD) many a3. Shortly afterward, the government ___________________ a new policy to restrict industrial pollution.A) pursuedB) implementedC) solvedD) defined4. The team carried on their work ____________________ being aware of the dangers.A) in case ofB) in spite ofC) in terms ofD) without regard5. In order to develop a positive relationship with their customers, companies need to pay attention to their____________________ needs.A) focusedB) specificC) occupiedD) detailedSection B: Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Many people believe that the new advances in technology are making us all more efficient and productive. But is this really the case? Technology can certainly make certain tasks quicker and easier, but does it actually make us more productive in the long run? In many cases, all the time we save doing one task is simply spent on another task. For example, instead of taking longer to write out a letter by hand, we can now type it up on a computer in a fraction of the time. However, this doesn't mean that we will automatically be more productive in our overall workday.Passage 2The internet has provided us with access to a wealth of information at our fingertips. This has been both a blessing and a curse. While it's true that we can now find information on almost any topic we are interested in, the sheer amount of information available can be overwhelming. It's all too easy to get lost down a rabbit hole of endless articles, videos, and social media posts. This can actually hinder our productivity rather than enhance it.Questions:6. According to Passage 1, what is a possible consequence of using technology to save time on tasks?A) People become more efficient and productive.B) People have more spare time to relax.C) People spend the saved time on other tasks.D) People focus more on quality rather than quantity.7. What is the main idea of Passage 2?A) The internet provides us with a wealth of information.B) The internet can be overwhelming with its vast amount of information.C) The internet has made us all more productive.D) The internet is a blessing and a curse at the same time.Section C: TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English:8. 科技的快速发展已经改变了我们的生活方式。

电子科技大学研究生历年学位英语考试试题及答案（8）（共5篇）第一篇：电子科技大学研究生历年学位英语考试试题及答案 (8) 2002年1月研究生英语学位课统考真题答案(GET 20020106)Keys: Part IISection A 16.CVocabulary18.A 28.D 38.C 48.A19.B 29.A 39.B 49.C20.D 30.B 40.D 50.B21.A 31.D 41.C22.D32.B 42.A23.A 33.C 43.D24.C 34.D 44.B25.A 35.A 45.D17.DSection B 26.B 27.B Part III36.B 46.D37.A 47.CClozePart IVReading Comprehension 51.C 52.D 53.A 54.B 55.A61.A 71.B62.A 72.A63.D 73.D64.B 74.B65.B 75.D56.D 66.C 76.D57.A 67.B 77.B58.D 68.D 78.B59.B 69.D 79.C60.C 70.D 80.CPaper TwoPart V TranslationSection A 【英译汉】对于一个公司产品的准确预测取决于该公司产品的知名度。

对于许多硅谷人来说，这一点令人感到无可奈何。

成长呈急剧上升趋势的新兴产业对其产品在最初几年的出色表现几乎总是惊讶不已，随后，当产品需求下降时他们又会感到手足无措。

斯坦福大学的一位商业策略教授说：“在一个充满活力和变数的市场，人们是会犯错误的。

这是由市场的内在本质所决定的。

”在硅谷的许多地方，以及在其他的地方，不可预测性是无法避免的。

解决之道是：不断创新，但同时又要开发出优良的服务项目与产品一道出售。

一位公司总裁说，“出色的服务”会抹平新产品换代过程中出现的不足。

Section B 【汉译英】In the past four years.China has managed to withstand the impact of two global economic recessions, and has enjoyed a rapid and sustainable economic growth.At present, the problem China is facing is how to turn its 1.3 billion people into consumers in the true sense, so as to expand its domestic market.第二篇：电子科技大学研究生历年学位英语考试试题及答案2004年1月研究生英语学位课统考真题讲解第二部分词汇Section A21.(D)该句意为：尽管这些农民勤劳，拼命干活，但由于闭塞，当地经济十分落后。

深圳大学2023学位英语考试真题Shenzhen University 2023 Degree English Exam QuestionsPart I: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passages and answer the questions that follow.Passage 1:The Great Wall of China is one of the most famous landmarks in the world. It was built over a period of over 2,000 years, starting in the 7th century BC and ending in the 17th century AD. The wall stretches over 13,000 miles and was built to protect China from invasions from neighboring countries. Today, the Great Wall is a popular tourist destination and attracts millions of visitors every year.Questions:1. When was the Great Wall of China built?2. How long is the Great Wall of China?3. What was the purpose of building the Great Wall?Passage 2:Climate change is a global issue that is affecting our planet in many ways. The rise in global temperatures is causing glaciers to melt, sea levels to rise, and extreme weather events to become more frequent. It is important for all countries to take action to reduce their carbon emissions and slow down the effects of climate change.Questions:1. What are some effects of climate change?2. Why is it important for countries to reduce their carbon emissions?3. What can individuals do to help combat climate change?Part II: WritingWrite an essay on one of the following topics:1. The importance of education in modern society.2. The impact of social media on today's youth.3. The benefits of traveling and experiencing different cultures.4. The role of technology in our daily lives.5. The importance of protecting our environment for future generations.Part III: Listening ComprehensionListen to the following audio clips and answer the questions that follow.Clip 1: A weather reportQuestions:1. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow?2. What is the temperature expected to be?Clip 2: An interview with a famous authorQuestions:1. What inspired the author to write their latest book?2. What message does the author hope readers will take away from the book?Good luck on your exam!。

The Power of Perseverance in OvercomingChallengesIn the dynamic and often unpredictable world we live in, challenges are inevitable. They come in various forms, shapes, and sizes, testing our resilience, determination, and perseverance. The theme of the 2023 Liaoning Degree English Composition Exam, "The Value of Perseverance in Overcoming Challenges," resonates deeply with the essenceof human spirit and the pursuit of excellence.Perseverance is the steadfastness in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success. It is the driving force that propels us forward when faced with obstacles and setbacks. In the realm of academics, perseverance is particularly crucial as it requires a sustained effort to master new concepts, overcome challenges, and achieve academic goals.One of the most striking examples of perseverance is Thomas Edison's journey in inventing the light bulb. He encountered numerous failures and setbacks but never gave up. His famous quote, "I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work," encapsulates the essence ofperseverance. It's about learning from failures, adjusting strategies, and never settling for less than what one aims for.Similarly, students who persevere in their academic pursuits are more likely to achieve success. Theyunderstand that success does not come easily and is the result of hard work, dedication, and perseverance. They are willing to put in the extra hours, seek help when needed, and never give up even when faced with difficult challenges. Moreover, perseverance helps build resilience, acrucial skill in today's fast-paced world. Challenges and setbacks are inevitable, but with perseverance, we can bounce back stronger and more resilient. We learn to adapt, innovate, and overcome obstacles, making us better prepared to face future challenges.In conclusion, the value of perseverance in overcoming challenges cannot be overstated. It is the key to successin various aspects of life, including academics. By persevering, we learn to adapt, innovate, and ultimately achieve our goals. The 2023 Liaoning Degree EnglishComposition Exam theme reminds us that with perseverance, no challenge is too big, and no dream is too small.**坚持的力量：克服困难的价值**在我们生活的这个充满活力和不可预测的世界里，挑战是不可避免的。

23考研英语二阅读译文With the approaching of the 2023 postgraduate entrance examination, the English Section II reading comprehension has become a focal point for many candidates. Given its significance in the overall score, mastering the skills of translating and comprehending the passages is crucial. This article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the reading translation techniques and offer effective preparation strategies for the upcoming exam.**Understanding the Structure and Content of the Reading Passages**The English Section II reading passages are typically diverse, covering a range of topics such as science, technology, economy, society, and culture. To approachthese passages effectively, candidates need to have a solid understanding of the basic structure of an academic article, which typically consists of an introduction, main body, and conclusion. By identifying the main ideas and supporting details in each section, candidates can better comprehendthe overall content and arguments presented in the passages.**Translation Techniques for Reading Comprehension**Translation is a crucial skill in reading comprehension, as it helps candidates bridge the language gap and gain a deeper understanding of the passages. When translating, candidates should focus on maintaining the original meaning and tone of the text while adapting it to the target language. Here are some key translation techniques to consider:1. **Word-for-Word Translation**: For technical termsor specific phrases, a direct word-for-word translation may be necessary to maintain the accuracy of the information. However, candidates should be careful not to overuse this technique, as it can sometimes lead to awkward or grammatically incorrect translations. 2. **Paraphrasing**: Paraphrasing involves restating a phrase or sentence in a different way while maintaining its original meaning. This technique is particularly useful when dealing with complex sentences or abstract concepts that may be difficult to translate directly. 3. **Contextual Understanding**: Understanding the context of a passage is crucial for accurate translation. Candidates should analyze therelationships between words, phrases, and sentences toinfer their intended meanings within the overall context of the article.**Preparation Strategies for the Reading Section**1. **Regular Practice**: Consistent practice is key to improving reading comprehension skills. Candidates should regularly read English articles, especially those related to the topics covered in the exam, to familiarize themselves with the language and content.2. **Vocabulary Building**: A rich vocabulary is essential for effective reading comprehension. Candidates should focus on learning and reviewing key vocabulary related to the exam topics to ensure they are prepared to handle any vocabulary challenges in the reading passages.3. **Time Management**: Managing time effectively is crucial during the exam. Candidates should practice timed reading exercises to familiarize themselves with the pace and volume of reading required for the exam.4. **Review and Reflection**: After completing reading exercises, candidates should reviewtheir answers and identify any areas where they struggled.Reflecting on these challenges and seeking ways to improve can help candidates prepare better for the actual exam.In conclusion, mastering the skills of translating and comprehending the reading passages in the English Section II of the 2023 postgraduate entrance examination requires a combination of understanding the structure and content of the passages, applying translation techniques, and implementing effective preparation strategies. By consistently practicing and refining their skills, candidates can increase their chances of success in this important section of the exam.。