此例以“肥料”(manure) 喻革命志士与暴君 之血。
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2）用形象具体的事物, 比喻抽象的 事物或概念
It’s the same with Negro in America. That
shoe ... the white man’s system ... has pinched
and rubbed and squeezed his soul until it has al most destroyed him. 美国黑人的情况也是这样。白人制度这只鞋夹 紧了他的灵魂，使之受磨难, 几乎要把他毁掉 了。 用夹紧黑人的灵魂的一只“鞋子”来比喻美 国的白人制度, 这是典型的以具体事物比喻抽 象事物
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9
1）以一种形象具体的事物去比喻
另一形象具体的事物。
The speaker, and the school master, and the thir d grown person presents, all backed a little, and
swept with their eyes the inclined plane of
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History is all these things—— waves, tides and currents —— and like the sea, no matter how tranquil the surfa ce, it is never still. A sequence of events is a series of waves, one crest following upon the other; and the trick for statesmen and reporter alike, is to tell which crest is surge of the tide and which a mere accident of the wind. 历史总是这些东西——波 浪, 潮汐和水流——像海洋一样, 无论表面多么平 静, 它从未静止过, 一系列的事件是一层层的波 浪, 一个波峰接着一个波峰, 政治家与记者的技能 一样, 是告诉人们哪一个是潮汐的作用, 哪一个不 过是因风而起。 用海洋中的“波浪, 潮汐和水流” 来比喻历史, 也是用具体事物比喻抽象事物。
