英语专业四级词汇辨析解析

专四的易混淆词汇有两种： 形近词 近义词
• abandon; desert; forsake ; quit ; give up • At fourteen he ran away and ___1___ his home and friend. • forsook • He ___2___ his wife and went away with all their money. • abandoned • The fort had been hurriedly ___3___. • deserted • You must ___4___ smoking, or you won’t survive. • Give up • One friend of mine has decided to ___5___ his highly-paid but demanding position in his company recently. • quit
• Radium ：〈化〉镭
Radium can be used to treat cancer. 镭可以用来治疗癌症。
• Radiate：发射出(光、热等)，向四周伸出
The sun radiates light and heat. 太阳散发光和热。
Statue, status
• Statue:雕像
Biblioteka Baidu
altitude, aptitude, attitude, latitude
• altitude 高度,海拔(an altitude of 20,000 meters above sea level海拔20,000米） • aptitude 才能,智力,倾向,习性 • attitude 态度,看法 • latitude 纬度(longitude经度)
Conserve, deserve, observe, preserve
• Conserve:保护, 保藏, 保存
Conserve your energy, you'll need it! 保存你的精力, 你会用得着的！
• Deserve:应受，值得
What crime have they committed to deserve such cruelty? 他们犯了什么错，竟遭如此惩罚？
Abolish; cancel; eliminate
• The flight to Tokyo is ___1___ because of the storm. • Cancelled • We must ___2___ unnecessary expense. • eliminate • President Lincoln worked to ___3___ slavery. • Abolish
• 若是议论文，不论是哪一种类型，一定注 意在第一段写上主题句，概况全文的观点 • 一定注意每一自然段要写上 • 衔接词+论点句 • First+一句完整的话 • Second+一句完整的话 • 一定注意结尾不要写的太简单，要有一定 深度
• 小作文一定注意格式 • 一定注意看清楚题目要求 • 多背一些句子
The sun _____ light and heat.
radiate
_______can be used to treat cancer.
radium
radius, radium, radiate
• Radius:半径
He has visited every shop within a radius of two miles.周围两英里以内的店铺他都去过。
adapt, adopt, adept
• adapt是动词，其意为“改编，改变……以适应”。 All life is about change—you either adapt or die. 生命在于变化——要么适应要么死亡。 • adopt也是动词，其意为“收养，采纳，采用”。 • The resolution was adopted by an overwhelming majority. 决议以压倒多数通过。 • adept是形容词，其意为“擅长的，有技巧的”。 Unfortunately, I am more adept at spending money than making it. • 不幸的是，我花钱的本事远远大于我挣钱的本事
scare, sacred, scarce
• scare ：v.恐吓；adj.吓人的
They ‘ll scare her out of telling the police. 她们要把她吓得不敢报警。
• sacred 神圣的，不可 冒犯的
In Africa the snake is still sacred with many tribes. 非洲许多部落仍认为蛇是不可冒犯的。
Deduce, reduce, reproduce
• Deduce :推论, 演绎
On the basis of evidence we deduced that he was guilty. 根据这些证据我们推断他是有罪的。
• Reduce：减少; 降低
He won't reduce the rent of our house. 他不肯减少我们住房的租金。
准确，精确
• exact :giving all details correctly 确切（细 节完整，没有遗漏） • What were his exact words? • Accurate: correct in every detail 准确的； 精确的 （细节正确，没有错误） • The novel wasn’t intended to be historically accurate.
We need a _____ interpreter. simultaneous To be thoroughly enjoyed, reading must be entirely _____. spontaneous
spontaneous, simultaneous
• Spontaneous:自发的，无意识的 To be thoroughly enjoyed, reading must be entirely spontaneous. 一个人读书必须出其自然，才能够彻底享受读书 的乐趣。 • Simultaneous：同时发生的 We need a simultaneous interpreter. 我们需要一个同声翻译。
• Observe：观察，研究； 看待；遵 循
He observes carefully but says little. 他总是仔细观察, 很少说话。
• Preserve：保护；维持
We must preserve our natural resources. 我们必须保护自然资源。
spontaneous, simultaneous
• Defect:缺点、瑕疵
We must correct our defects as soon as possible.
• Effect：效果、影响
When does the new law come into effect?
新法律何时生效？
• Infect：感染、影响
Mary's high spirits infected all the girls in the class. 玛丽的兴致感染了全班的女孩
抛弃，放弃
• abandon 指完全、永远地放弃，尤其指对其负有 责任或义务者，或者放弃一个项目或计划。 • desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言 等 ，或者指离开某地 • forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物，着重于断 绝情感上的依恋 ,也可指不情愿的离开 • quit 强调突然或出其不意的放弃，一般指“停止” • give up 多用于口头，表示停止做某事.
废除，取消
• abolish 指完全消除某项旧制度、法律或旧 风俗等 • cancel 指某人因某种意想不到的原因而临 时取消事前所决定的事 • eliminate 指淘汰或取消不需要的东西
• exact; correct; precise; accurate • ___1___ dress for some ceremonies is necessary for those who always attend them. • correct • Is your watch ___2___? I suppose it’s 10 minutes slow. • accurate • Keep this ___3___ instrument away from insolation（暴晒） and aquosity（潮湿）. • precise • I can’t tell you the ___4___ date, but it should be around Oct. 20 • exact
Statue of Liberty 自由女神
• Status：地位、身份；情形、状况
Age has status in the villages. 在乡村里年长者受人尊敬。
Affect, defect, effect, infect • Affect:影响
The tax increases have affected us all. 加税已经影响了我们所有的人。
• correct 正确的，指合乎一定的标准或规矩， 没有错误 • precise 精密的，指具有高度的精确性和准 确性
• Reproduce：复制，繁殖
Rabbits reproduce quickly. 兔子繁殖速度很快。
compose, dispose, propose
These twelve men are believed to _____ the jury. compose He _____ his books on the shelves. dispose They ______ to make arrangement beforehand. propose
• Propose：提议，求婚
They proposed to make arrangement beforehand. 他们提议事先做好安排。
radius, radium, radiate
He has visited every shop within a ____ of two miles.
radius
• scarce 缺乏的
The food was scarce during the war.战争期间食物短缺。
Instinct, distinct, extinct
• instinct 本能 The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts. 那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。 • distinct 清楚的，截然不同的 two entirely distinct languages • extinct 灭绝的，消逝的 Nothing could remind her of her extinct passion. 她激情已逝, 不会心回意转。
compose, dispose, propose
• Compose：组成, 构成, 创作
These twelve men are believed to compose the jury. 陪审团是由这12人组成的。
• Dispose处理; 布置
He disposed his books on the shelves. 把书籍排列在书架上。
完型中的词汇 形近词 近义词
Deduce, reduce, reproduce
On the basis of evidence we _____ that he was guilty. deduce He won't _____ the rent of our house. reduce Rabbits _____quickly. reproduce