法律英语考试复习资料
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1 / 51 / 51 Lesson one
1、a cause of action案由
2、social norms 社会标准
3、substantive law实体法
4、procedural law程序法
5、resolve disputes解决纠纷
6、provide for规定
7、be entitled to 有权······
8、law of contracts合同法
9、private law私法
10、public law公法
11、constitution law宪法
12、administration law行政法
13、criminal law刑法
14、the law of torts 侵权法
15、the civil law system大陆法体系
16、the common law普通法
17、the operation of the judicial processes司法程序的运作
18、the United States Congress美国国会
19、judge-made law判例法
20、judicial decision 司法决定
Lesson two
multi-state transactions 多重性
choice of law 法律的选择
substantive rights实体权利
conflicts of law 法律冲突
choice of forum 法院的选择
courts of limited jurisdiction 有限管辖权法院
courts of general jurisdiction 一般管辖权法院
trial courts初审法院
inferior court低级法院
superior court 高级法院
supreme court最高法院
circuit court 巡回法院
district court区法院
appellate court上诉法院
intermediate appellate court中级宪法
at the discretion of 由······自由裁量
court of limited subject matter jurisdiction 有限对事管辖权法院
the amount in controversy争议数额
diversity jurisdiction多元管辖
federal question联邦问题
the United States Courts of Appeals美国上诉法院
the Court of Appeals for the district of ······特区上诉法院 2 / 52 / 52 the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit联邦巡回法院
the Supreme Court of the United States联邦最高法院
original jurisdiction初审管辖权
Lesson three
judicial process司法程序
serve our purpose达到我们的目的
regulatory and enabling legislation 规范性和授权性法规
the adversary system抗辩制
trial procedure 审判程序
the inquisitorial system纠问制
regulatory legislation规范性法规
direct and cross examination直接质证、间接质证
procedural safeguards程序保障
due process正当程序
on his own case 证明自己的立场
impartial investigation 不偏不倚的调查
resort to law诉诸法律
resort to force诉诸武力
turn on 取决于，依赖
Lesson four
legal relief 法律救济
arbitration仲裁
jurisdiction over the person of the defendant对被告的人身管辖权
courts of original jurisdiction初审管辖权法院
minimum contacts最低限度的联系
be filed with 把······登记备案
service of process送达
give notice to通知
service by publication公告送达
a motion to dismiss驳回动议
pleading-in-answer 答辩状
sue对······提起诉讼
redress纠正，补救
summons传票
affirmative defense积极抗辩
counter-claim反诉
on one’s part(on the part of )就某人而言，在某人一方；某人有责任的
under penalty of （违者）以·······惩治
in essence实质上
default judgment缺席判决
Lesson five 3 / 53 / 53 pre-trial discovery
question sb under oath经宣誓后质问某人
lay a basis for为····打基础
written interrogatories 质询书
the interrogatory party 质询方
discovery devices 取证方法
compulsory physical examination 强制体检
person injury case 人身伤害案
discovery procedures 取证程序
discovery requests 取证要求
the violating party 违反的一方
a pretrial conference 审前会议
summary judgment 即决判决
the opposing party 对方
at the pleading stage 起诉答辩阶段
decide the case in the mover’s favor of 作出有利于动议方的判决
legitimate function 合法功能
a fact of life 无法回避的事实
interrogatory questions 质询的问题
set the case for trial 将案件提交庭审
depose 宣誓作证；选时候录取····的证词
legitimate合法的
Lesson six
the Seventh Amendment to the Constitution 宪法第七修正案
impanel the jury 组成陪审团
challenge for cause 相对异议
peremptory challenges 绝地异议
opening statement 公开声明发言
directed verdict 指令性裁决
find in his favor 作出有利于他的立场判决
non-moving party 非动议方
charge the jury 给陪审团上课
final argument 最后陈述
general information 一般知识
the burden of proof 举证责任
a preponderance of the evidence 优势证据
general verdict 一般裁决
special verdict 特殊裁决
legal effect 法律后果
a nonunanimous verdict 不一致的裁决
post-trial motions 审后动议
judgment notwithstanding the verdict 推翻陪审团裁决的判决
Lesson seven 4 / 54 / 54 render a judgment on default 作出缺席判决
a writ of execution 执行令
judgment creditor 判决债权人
judgment debtor判决债务人
garnishment 扣押
dispose of 把····处理掉
attachment 财产保全
exempt from···· 使····免于，使····不受
set aside 撤回，驳回
judicial proceedings 司法程序
a writ of certiorari 调取卷宗令
reverse the judgment 推翻原判
written briefs 书面摘要
affirm the judgment 维持原判
modify the judgment 改判
written opinion 书面意见书
concurring and dissenting opinion 同意意见和反对意见
set forth 陈述，阐明
res judicata已决案件
Lesson eight
stand trial 出庭受审
no crime without a law 法无明文规定不为罪
due process 正当司法程序
deprive sb of 剥夺某人的····
double jeopardy 一事不再罚
a summary arrest 即行逮捕
pursuant to 遵循
indictment 控告，公诉书
grand jury 大陪审团
booking 入册
an appearance 出庭
a preliminary hearing 预审
information （公诉人的）控告，检察官的起诉书
arraignment （对被告的）传讯
nolo contendere 不争辩，不提异议
plead guilty （对控告）表示服罪，承认有罪
plea bargaining 认罪辩诉协议
narcotics cases 毒品案件
on probation 在缓刑期内，在监外执行期内
suspended sentence 缓刑
conviction 定罪，确认有罪
