暑假语法教研 泡泡语法班教研资料

关键词：暑期考研暑期考研集训在英语中有时一些词或者短语、从句并不能表达完整的意思，需要作者对它们进行解释说明，这时就出现了“同位语”。

换句话说，在用一个名词、短语、句子充当名词来解释说明另一个名词、短语和句子时，这个就叫“同位语”。

因为同位语和被解释说明的部分无论从内容和句法功能上说都是相同的，所以它们就像是句子中的双生花一样，共生共存。

同位语作为考研英语语法的一大难点被出题人所青睐，今天，中公考研英语教研室的老师就为大家详细讲解同位语。

因为同位语的功能是解释说明名词或名词性成分，所以能够充当同谓语的也是名词性成分。

名词性成分不管包含名词，也包含着反身代词、数词、现在分词短语、to do不定式和句子。

具体例子如下：(1)名词做同位语Mr. Smith, my English teacher, will go back his homeland.我的英语老师史密斯先生要回他的祖国了。

(2)反身代词做同位语I myself was praised by the major of city as the winner of the game. 我作为比赛的赢家受到了市长的表彰。

(3)数词做同位语My number, 12345, was changes last week. 我上周换掉了那个12345的号码。

(4)V-ing短语The job, picking up the phones, is extremely boring.接打电话的工作无聊至极。

(5)to do不定式My dream, to watch the final game of the World Cup, is coming true.我那个去看世界杯决赛的梦想就要实现了。

(6)句子The news that the movie star died of the car accident made all his fans heartbroken.电影明星死于车祸的消息让他的粉丝心碎了。

暑期英语提升———语法讲义It的用法【学前自测】1. It was only when I reread his poems recently __ I began to appreciate their beauty.A．until B．sine C．then D．that2. I hate _________ when people talk with their mouths full.A．it B．that C．these D．them3. In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _______.A. that used to beB. it is used toC. it was used toD. it used to be4. I’d appreciate __________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. thatB. itC. thisD. /5.（改错）David and I did not agree and David pointed to a path which he thought it would probably lead to a village．6. 判断下列属于it的何种句型或句式：①It is for three hours that they have been back. 句型或句式：②It is a wonder that he is still alive. 句型或句式：序言：It的用法在高考中也是重现率较高的语言点，尤其是it用于强调句。

其考查方式多通过“单项填空”进行，偶尔也出现在“短文改错”、“完形填空”和“短文填词”中。

I、要点点拔一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。

Lesson 4情景交际【内容提要】情景交际【知识要点回硕】1. 问路与指路2. 询问及描述外貌【考点突破】例1 --- Excuse me, where is the nearest bus stop? --- .A. I don't want to sayB. Go straight ahead for 50 metersC. It will take an hour to go there[解析] 本题考查问路与指路的表达。

选项A的意思是"我不想说",作为答语显得不礼貌,故排除;选项B 的意思是"一直向前走50米";选项C的意思是"到那儿要花费一个小时的时间"。

只有选项B是指路的。

[答案] B例2 --- What does your father look like?--- He is and build.A. tall; of mediumB. tall; in mediumC. of tall; at medium[解析] 本题考查询问外貌的情景交际。

问的是父亲的外貌,答语中外貌的表述:主语+is/are+形容词或主语+and+介词短语。

medium build中等身材,所以第一空选tall,第二空选of medium,意思是"他高个子,中等身材"。

[答案] A【知识点拨】情景交际题的解题方法1.仔细审题,明确大意。

即在对话不完整的情况下,尽量弄懂该对话的大意和情景(购物、看病、问路、约会等)。

2.分析对话,试填答案。

在解题过程中,根据具体语境和上下文,分析、判断对话中所缺部分应填的内容。

3.全文复读,融会贯通。

在填好答案之后,应从头到尾再把对话读一遍,按照对话情境和中心内容,推断答案是否正确。

【试题研究】一、单项选择(B) 1. --- Excuse me, are there any bookstores around here?--- , but there are some on Center Street.A. Yes, there areB. No, there aren'tC. Yes, there is(C) 2. --- Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the nearest railway station?--- Sorry, I don't know. I'm new, this is my time here.A. oneB. onceC. first(A) 3. --- Excuse me. can I get to the nearest hospital?--- Go along this road and you will find it on your right.A. HowB. WhereC. What(C) 4. ---What your father ?--- He is tall with short hair.A. is; likesB. is; look likeC. does; look like (C) 5. --- Does Frank like soccer?--- Yes, he often goes to the Sports Center soccer.A. practice playingB. to be practiced playingC. to practice playing (C) 6. Mr. White is his children, so they are afraid of him.A. good atB. busy withC. strict with(A) 7. --- Please some vegetables to me. --- No problem.A. bringB. takeC. eat(B) 8. --- What's this? --- It's my music player. I like to music.A. get toB. listen toC. think of(A) 9. --- Do they have art classes?--- Yes, they have an art class Friday afternoon.A. onB. inC. at(A) 10. I'm quite busy. I have things to do today.A. manyB. muchC. no(C) 11. --- Don't listen to music in class again, Mike. --- .A. No, I don'tB. Don't worryC. Sorry, I won't (A) 12. --- Tom, you must keep your jacket .--- OK, I will wash it.A. cleanB. to cleanC. cleaning(B) 13. --- Please look outside. Look at the blackboard.---- Yes, Mr. Zhang.A. notB. don'tC. can't(C) 14. It's for us to speak English every day. It can help us learn English well.A. boringB. difficultC. important(B) 15. My parents about 2,000 yuan for my Giant bicycle.A. costB. payC. take(A) 16. Just right at the first crossing and the bank is the left.A. turn; onB. go; byC. turning; in(A) 17. --- Where do you sit, Peter?--- I sit Millie. She is just on my right.A. next toB. in the front ofC. behind(A) 18. There many people the building and they're planting trees.A. are; in front of B .is; in the front of C. are; in the front of(B) 19. --- Thank you for your help. --- .A. Don't say thatB. You're welcomeC. No, hanks(C) 20. My parents want me more exercise.A. takeB. takesC. to take二、句型转换1. Dean is tall and he has a big nose. (改为问义句)Dean is tall with a big nose.2. Mike has short blonde hair. (对画线部分提问)What does Mike look like ?3. Tom's home is across from the bank. (对画线部分提问)Where is Tom's home?4. Turn left at the second crossing. (改为同义句)Take the second crossing on the left.5. I spend three hours in reading the book. (改为同义句)It takes me three hours to read the book.三、根据汉语提示完成句子1. 我爷爷七十岁了,但看起来依然很帅气。

第一章代词2. 语法和操练2.1 知识闯关第一关1. Do you have____ books? (some / any)2. ‘Would you like____ tea?’ ‘Yes, please.’ (some / any)第二关3. How ________ money do you want? (many / much)4. Did they ask you __________questions? (many / much)第三关5. ‘Have you got any envelopes?’ ‘ Yes,_____________.’(a little / a few)6. ‘Do you want sugar in your coffee?’ ‘Yes,__________, please.’ (a little / a few)7. There was food in the fridge. It was nearly empty.第四关8. Anna’s parents are teachers an d they work in the same school.(both / all)9. -What do you think of the pens? -Perfect. I’ll take ______of them.(both / all)10. A: I bought two newspapers. Which one do you want?B: . It doesn’t matter which one. (both / either / neither)11. It wasn’t a good football match. team played well.(both / either / neither)第五关12. I found one shoe, but I could not find __________. (other / the other / another )13.There were three books on my table. Where are ___?(other / others / the others)第六关14. There is_________ new in today’s newspaper. (something / anything )15. He lives ________far away from his school. (somewhere / anywhere)16.There’s ________in the classroom. It’s empty. (nothing / nobody / somebody)anysome2.2 闯关助手闯关助手一：some & any E.g.1. I bought some cheese , but I did n’t buy any bread .2. Do you have any books ?2. some & any 关系图① A. Would you like some tea? B. I ’m thirsty. Can I have some water?肯定否定疑问any 用于肯定句中some 用于 疑问句中1. There are _____ shops in this part of town.2. Don ’t buy ____ rice. We don ’t need____.② Any student can answer this question.闯关助手二：many & much E.g.Did you buy much food ? Did you buy many books ?【笔记区】♦ 4. Could you get me _____ coffee, please? ♦ 5. Have you got _____ stamps? May I use one? ♦ 6. You can come _____day you like.1. How _______money do you need?2. We don ’t know ________people.3. I wasn ’t very hungry. I didn ’t eat__________.4. Have you got ___________friends?闯关助手三：a few & a little E.g.1. ‘Have you got any money ?’ ‘Yes, a little.’2. We ’re going to stay here for ___a few__ days .3.【笔记区】I have a little money, so he is not poor.I have little money, So he is very poor.I ’ve got a few friends, so I ’m not lonely.I ’m sad and I ’m lonely. I ’ve got few friends.1. ‘Have you got any envelopes?’ ‘ Yes,_____________.’2. ‘Do you want sugar in your coffee?’ ‘Yes,__________, please .’3. ‘Are there any factories in this town?’ ‘Yes,__________.’★第一关至第三关测试（用适当单词形式填空）A.some , any1.Would you like______more?2.There are some apples on the table. You can take______of them.B. Many ，much1.Did they ask you __________questions?2.There are ________ people in the street.3.I don’t have ________ money, but I have _______ friends.4._______ foreigners come to visit the Great Wall every day.5.I have so ______ falls that I’m black and blue all over.C.few, a few, little, a little1.There is a little bird in the tree, but only ______ people saw it.2.Could I have______words with you, Miss White?3. We don’t like him, because he does______for other people.4. He has_________friends here and he seldom goes out on weekend.5. There is only_____water in the pot(锅).闯关助手四：both/ either/ neitherE.g.st year I went to Paris and Rome. I liked both cities very much.2.Would you like tea or coffee? Either, I don’t mind.3.It wasn’t a good football match. Neither team played well.【笔记区】★第四关测试用neither/none/either填空。

杨浦新王牌小班辅导教学设计教案C. to be producedD. produced40. Only when _____ possible to settle the problem among the boy students.A. does the class teacher come will it beB. the class teacher comes will it beC. has the class teacher come it will beD. the class teacher comes it will beH25. Should people pursue their own happiness _____ the expense of others?A. byB. throughC. forD. at26. Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hair reached below her knees and made _____ almost an overcoat for her.A. themB. herC. itselfD. herself27. According to some scientists, global warming _____ the survival of the whole human race.A. threatenB. threatensC. are threatenedD. is threatened28. A new laptop costs about _____ of a second-hand one.A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times than the price29. A very sharp increase _____ some Fed officials to push for higher rates to restrain inflation.A. need have persuadedB. might have persuadedC. must have been persuadedD. might have been persuaded30. Eating sensibly and taking regular exercise is a fairly reliable method of losing weight, _____?A. is itB. are theyC. aren’t theyD. isn’t it31. In recent years much more emphasis _____ on developing the students productive skills.A. putsB. has putC. has been putD. is put32. Little _____ about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.A. she caredB. she may careC. may she careD. did she care33. People are not allowed to enter the garden to prevent the flowers _____.A. being destroyedB. destroyingC. destroyD. to destroy34. _____ you’ve got a chanc e, you might as well make full use of it.A. BeforeB. ThoughC. Now thatD. Until35. You should allow two weeks for your visa application _____.A. to processB. to be processedC. processedD. to be processing36. I kept getting mysterious phone calls _____ the caller would hang up as soon as I answered.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that37. The modern carpenter would be just as able to produce craftsmanship as the carpenter of fifty years ago if _____ proper tools and materials.A. to be givenB. being givenC. giving himD. given38. Steve Jobs had been fighting against cancel for eight years _____ he died on October 5.A. so thatB. beforeC. in caseD. after39. Some one else defines who they are and _____ they stand for as public figures.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. how40. It should be obvious to everyone _____ we need to make some changes.A. thatB. howC. whatD. where。

2024年暑假英语初升高衔接教案专题10：语法填空（解析版）【课前小测】语法填空阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

ARunning is very relaxing and beneficial. It is a great sport for beginners. You do not need any special equipment. Just a good pair of running shoes will do. Running 1 (help) you get fit and prevents you from diseases. It will give you good upper and lower body strength. It makes your heart 2 (strong) than before and allows more blood to flow around your body. It also strengthens your immune system. Besides, anybody who is feeling down can go for a run 3 (cheer) themselves up.【答案】1．helps 2．stronger 3．to cheer【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了跑步的好处。

1．考查时态语态和主谓一致。

句意：跑步可以帮助你保持健康，防止你生病。

分析句子可知，help(帮助)是句中谓语动词，与主语Running之间是主动关系，描述一般性事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是单个动名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。

综上，谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态，单数形式。

故填helps。

2．考查比较级。

句意：它使你的心脏比以前更强壮，让更多的血液在你的身体周围流动。

第1篇一、词法1. 名词（1）可数名词和不可数名词可数名词有单数和复数形式，表示可数的人或事物；不可数名词没有复数形式，表示不可数的事物。

（2）名词所有格表示某物属于某人或某物的所有关系，通常在名词后加’s’或“of+名词”。

（3）冠词有定冠词the、不定冠词a/an，分别表示特指和泛指。

2. 代词（1）人称代词主格：I，you，he，she，it，we，they宾格：me，you，him，her，it，us，them（2）物主代词形容词性物主代词：my，your，his，her，its，our，their名词性物主代词：mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs（3）反身代词myself，yourself，himself，herself，itself，ourselves，themselves（4）相互代词each other，one another3. 形容词（1）形容词的级原级：原形比较级：比较级+er或more+形容词最高级：the+最高级+of/Among（2）形容词的顺序大小、长短、高低、形状、新旧、颜色、性质等4. 副词（1）副词的级原级：原形比较级：比较级+er或more+副词最高级：the+最高级+of/Among（2）副词的顺序时间、地点、程度、方式等5. 数词（1）基数词个位数：0-9十位数：10-99，十位和个位数字相加百位数：100-999，百位和十位、个位数字相加千位数：1000-9999，千位和百位、十位、个位数字相加（2）序数词1st，2nd，3rd，...，21st，22nd，...，99th，100th二、句法1. 句子的种类（1）陈述句：陈述一个事实或说话人的观点。

（2）疑问句：询问某人或某事。

（3）祈使句：表示请求、命令或请求。

（4）感叹句：表示惊讶、喜悦、愤怒等情感。

2. 句子的结构（1）简单句：由一个主语和一个谓语组成。

（2）并列句：由两个或两个以上的简单句合并而成，用并列连词连接。

Lesson 7复合不定代词、连词和频度副词【内容提要】复合不定代词、连词和频度副词【知识要点回硕】常见的复合不定代词Some-类someone〔某人〕,somebody〔某人〕,something〔某事物〕,somewhere〔某地〕等Any-类anyone〔任何人〕,anybody〔任何人〕,anything〔任何事物〕,anywhere〔任何地方〕等No-类no one〔没人〕,nobody〔没人〕,nothing〔没事物〕,nowhere〔没什么地方〕等Every-类everyone〔每个人〕,everybody〔每个人〕,everything〔一切事物〕,everywhere〔至U处〕等用法一般用法Some关通常用于肯定句;Any-类通常用于否认句、疑问句表请求、邀请、提建议等的疑问句中,用Some-类复合不定代词表示"一些"表杳定含义not + everything等表示的是局部否TE ,意为"并非都,不都"not + anything等和nothing等均表示全部否TE ,意为"没有"特殊用法复合不定代词通常被看成是第三人称单数,当它们作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式复合不定代词的定语〔修饰词〕必须放在复合不定代词的后面以复合不定代词作主语的祈使句,谓语动词用原形常见的频度副词always〔100%〕意为"总是,一直〞表示动作的重复,状态的持续,中间没有间断usually〔80%〕意为通常〞表示通常如此,很少例外often〔60%〕意为经常,常常"不如usually那么频繁,表示动彳3复,中间有间断sometimes〔40%〕意为宥时,不时〞表示动作偶尔发生,中间常有间断,频率比often低hardly〔10%〕具有否认意义,表7K几乎不,简直不",除非特殊情况,否那么不会发生never〔0%〕意为从来不,未曾",频度为零用法一般用法通常和一般现在时连用,表示现在、经常或反复发生的动作对usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly 提问时,常用how often特殊用法当always与现在进行时连用时,常译作〞老是,总是",带有贽扬、厌烦、不满等感情色彩常见的连词并列连词表并列关系and, both...and...等表转折关系but, while 等表选择关系or, either...or…等表因果关系so, for 等其他after, before 等附属连词引导时间状语从句when, while 等用法and连接两个或两个以上的单词、短语或句子.连接两个句子口」以在连词前加逗号,也可以不加连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式both...and..可用来连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语等连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式not only...but also... 表示"不但.而且",连接主语时,强调后者,谓语动词根据后面名词的单复数而定as well as表示"也,还后","名词+as well as+名词"作主语时,强调前回的名词,谓语动词要根据前面名词的单复数而定either...or...表示〞或者...或者…〞,通常引导两个相同的语法单位,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原那么because/as 表小"由于",引导原因状语从句,as语气比because弱though/although表示"虽然,即使",引导让步状语从句,可用but进行句型转换,但不能同时出现,有though/although就不能有but,反之一样【考点突破】例1 Our teacher was very happy because failed the examination.A. somebodyB. nobodyC. anybody［讲解］此题考查复合不定代词的辨析. somebody某人；nobody没人;anybody任何人；everybody母个人. 综合题干可推断我们老师很快乐的原因是由于没有人测试不及格.［答案］B例2 --- Would you like to drink?---Yes, please.A. anythingB. somethingC. nothing［讲解］此题考查复合不定代词在表示请求提建议等疑问句中的用法.在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句中,用Some-类的复合不定代词表示“一些〞.［答案］B例3 CCTV-10 often plays around the world. It can help us learn more about not only nature but also different cultures and customs.A. new somethingB. something newC. anything new［讲解］此题考查复合不定代词与修饰词的位置关系.修饰复合不定代词的形容词放在其后,［答案］B例4 Do you want to stay at home go shopping with us?A. andB. butC. or［讲解］此题考查连词的根本用法.连接两个或两个以上的单词、短语或句子,表选择关系,在疑问句中用or.［答案］C【知识点拨】复合不定代词的所有格1 .含-one和-body等指人的复合不定代词,在后面加-'s表示所有格.如：anybody's seat.2 .除与-thing构成的复合不定代词外,都有所有格形式.如：everybody's idea.3 .当其后有else时,-'s 要力口在else 后面.如：somebody else's coat.例5 She is a good student, and she studies. But the problem is hard, she works it out by herself.A. hardly; hardB. hard; hardC. hard; hardly［讲解］此题考查频度副词hardly的用法.hard为副词时,表示“努力地；猛烈地〞；而hardly是副词,表示“几乎不".由第一句“她是个好学生〞可知,她学习很努力,而第二个空由“但是这道题很难〞可知, 应填hardly o ［答案］C例6 I hope to visit the USA in the future.A. sometimesB. some timesC. sometime［讲解］此题考查频度副词的辨析. sometimes表示"有时"；some times表示“几次,几倍"sometime表示“某一时间〞,可指将来,也可指过去；some time表示“一段时间〞.由in the future可知,此处表示未来的某一时间,填sometime o［答案］C【知识点拨】sometimes, some times, sometime 与some time 的区别sometimes意为有"时“some times意为几次,几倍〞sometime意为某一时间〞可指将来时,也可指过去时some time意为〜段时间〞记忆口诀分开是,段〞合起是某时〞分开s是倍次〞合起s是有"时〞例7把句子补充完整他通常晚上看电视.He TV in the evening.［讲解］此题考查频度副词的用法.由于watch TV是实义动词短语,usually放在watch TV 子用的是一般现在时态,主语为第三人称单数,所以watch要用第三人称单数形式.［答案］usually watches【试题研究】、单项选择(C) 1. --- Do you have to say for yourself?---No, I have to say.A. something; everythingB. nothing; something(C) 2. I ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school.A. neverB. hardlyC. usually(B) 3. Everything ready. We can start now.A. areB. isC. be(A) 4. --- will you finish your homework, Kate?---In an hour.A. How longB. How oftenC. How soon(A) 5. There's with his eyes. He's OK.A. nothing wrongB. wrong somethingC. wrong nothing (C) 6. Lucy has seen the film, Lily hasn't.A. andB. orC. but ;又由于句C. anything; nothing(C) 7. --- Can you understand what I said?-Sorry, I can follow you. A. alwaysB. nearly(A) 8. --- How often do the students play sports?---They play sports . A. twice a dayB. since last night(B) 9. --- Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack?---Certainly, he comes back.(A) 10. --- do you exercise?---Hardly ever. Because I am very busy with my work. A. How oftenB. How longC. How far(C) 11. He hardly goes to school by car, he?A. isn'tB. doesn'tC. does(B) 12. --- What do you think of your Junior Middle School life?---I think it is colorful, I am always busy. A. ifB. thoughC. while(A) 13. Rose, you are so thin. You should eat more,(A) 14. There's on the moon.A. no air but waterB. not any air or waterC. not any air and water(B) 15. I am looking for a waiter. She must be too old too young.A. both; andB. neither; norC. either; orA. beforeB. as soon asC. untilC. hardlyC. for two hoursyou'll make yourself ill.A. orB. ifC. and(C) 16.my classmatesour class teacher was there then. A. Neither; or B. Both; andC. Not only; but also【综合技能练习】二、单项选择(A) 17. --- The story is so amazing! It's the most interesting story I've ever read.---But I'm afraid it won't be liked byA. everybodyB. somebodyC. anybody(C) 18. Put it down, Richard. You mustn't read letter.A. anyone's else'sB. anyone's elseC. anyone else's(C) 19. --- Got any information about High School Examination?---Well, I was trying to, but foundA. oneB. no oneC. none(B) 20. --- Everyone is here today,---No, Han Mei isn't here. She's ill.A. isn't itB. isn't heC. isn't everyone (C) 21. --- What's in the box?---It's empty. There is in it.A. noneB. no oneC. nothing(B) 22. There was wrong with my bike, so I went to school on foot yesterday.A. anythingB. somethingC. somebody(A) 23. --- Do you know about that boy? ---Sorry, I don't know.A. anythingB. somethingC. somebody(A) 24. Mrs. Brown is nice. Every day she tried to cook for me during my stay in Canada.A. something differentB. anything differentC. different something (C) 25. --- Do you have else to say for your mistake?but sorry.A. anything; SomethingB. something; EverythingC. anything; Nothing(B) 26. --- It is raining hard, the farmers are still working in the field.---So they are.A. andB. butC. so(A) 27. She still failed in the exam, she tried her best.A. thoughB. becauseC. if(B) 28. --- I hear Tom is leaving. --- why?A. AndB. ButC. Or(B) 29. --- What shall we do now?--- it's raining hard, let's stay at home.A. SoB. SinceC. Though(C) 30. --- Do you know about Florence Nightingale?---Yes, she was well-known as a nurse in England her kindness to the sick and wounded soldiers.A. asB. ofC. for(C) 31. Practice more, you'll learn English better.A. orB. soC. and(A) 32. I think you should complain, of course, , you are happy with the situation.A. unlessB. howeverC. until(B) 33. You'd better not read today's newspaper because there is in it.A. nothing specialB. anything newC. something interesting (C) 34. --- Your tea, please.---There must be in the tea. I like this kind of tea with sugar.A. nothing sweetB. something sweetC. sweet something (D) 35. --- What's the secret of success, Dad?---More time and effort, you'll makeA. orB. becauseC. and三、首字母填空.根据句意及首字母提示,完成单词.1. Tom leaves his schoolbag at home, so mom asks me to take it to him.2. This small house is warm ____ enough for this little dog to live in in the cold winter.3. I still have many problems ____ with my English, so I should study harder.4. His mother left him without giving him a piece of message _____ . He misses her a lot.5. After working for a long time, he sits ____ on the chair to have a rest.6. People can't have much water to drink because it's too dry _____ in this country.7. It's bad time to swim, because the water is too cold.8. After a heavy snow, lots of people are skating _____ on the ice and having fun.9. These dishes are not clean. Let's wash them before having dinner.10. You can't talk with your friends in the library, but you can talk outside ______四、完成对话.在对话的空格中填上适当的单词,使对话完整正确.一空一词〔含缩写词〕.A: Hello, Dave. How's it going? What are you doing?B: Hi, Jack. I am 1 a movie with my friend. But the movie is really 2 . I don't like it at all.A: Why not join us and play 3 together? I want to play it very much these days.B: 4 great! But I don't have basketball. Do you have one?A: Of course. I 5 it with me today.B: Great! By the way, 6 is the weather outside? Is it hot?A: Very good. It's 7 but it's not hot.B: OK. Let's invite〔邀请〕Bob to play with us together. I haven't seen him for a long 8 .A: Well, I'm sorry to tell you that he 9 to go to the math class.B: It doesn't matter. He can play with us 10 time.A: Yes, we can also invite other friends to join us.1.watching2.boring3.basketball4.Sounds5.take6.how7.sunny8.time9.has 10.nextany because children fight free have life like many meet talk theyWho is the most important people in your life? Many teenagers〔青少年〕feel that the most important people in their 1 are their friends. They think their parents don't know them as 2 as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters 3 with each other. And then they can only go to 4 friends for advice.It is very important for teenagers 5 a good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend time 6 with them on the phone. The communication〔交流〕is very important in 7 growing up, and friends can discuss〔讨论〕something freely. However, parents often try tochoose 〔选择〕8 friends for them. Some parents stop their children from 9 their good friends. A truefriend is 10 a good book. A true friend plays an important role in children's life.1.lives2.much3.to fight4.their5.to have6.talking7.children's8.some9.meeting 10.like六、补全短文.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文.Dear Mary,Thanks a lot for your letter and the great photos. I like them very much. Here are some of my photos. 1 In the second one, I am playing football on the playground in our school. In the third one, you can see my family at home. 2 In the last one, I am with my little sister Beth. She's watching TV and I am doing my homework.3 It rains all day and we all feel cold. How's the weather in Fuzhou? Is it sunny or windy? I love the weather thereand I want to go to Fuzhou again. The holiday is coming soon. 4 Do you want to come to Chengdu?5 I am looking forward to your reply.Best wishes to you and your family.A. In the first one, I am swimming in the lake.B. We're having dinner together.C. What's your plan for it?D. I am a student in No.7 Middle School.E. Please write to me soon.F. The weather is bad today.1.A2.B3.F4.C5.E********** 循序渐进练写作,辞别“挤牙膏〞的痛苦********** 【心理衔接】很多同学听到“英语作文〞,就会不由自主地想起“挤牙膏〞般拼凑单词的痛苦.然而,想要提升英语作文的分数,没有什么捷径可走,唯有勤练写作.提升写作水平不能妄想一步登天,但可以根据下面由易到难,循序渐进的方法来练习.一、仿写.即仿照有关内容写一篇类似的短文. 比方阅读某篇描写小狗的文章时 ,我们可以参照写一篇描写小猫或小鸡的短文.二、改写.可以将某篇对话改写成短文,也可以用英语概括出课文的主要情节.三、扩写.即对某个英语句子或题材进行数次扩展、补充,从而完成短文的写作.。

Lesson 1词汇运用【内容提要】词汇运用【知识要点回硕】1. 情态动词的用法2. 主要介词的用法3.形容词的用法【考点突破】例1 Tom is leaving for France soon by air.He will arrive Paris the morning of August8th.A.at; onB.in;onC.in;in[解析] 本题考查介词的用法。

arrive 到达,到达大地方(国家、省、市、镇等)用in,到达小地方(邮局、车站、银行等公共场所)用at。

根据题目中的Paris 可知用in。

另外,表示具体某一天的早上、下午、晚上,用介词on。

[答案]B例2 ---How far is it from Beijing to Haikou?---It'sa flight from Beijing to Haikou.A.3-hour-longB.3 hours longC.3 hour's long[解析] 本题考查复合形容词的用法。

复合形容词的构成形式有两种:数词-名词-形容词和数词-名词,故排除C项。

3-hour-long和3hourslong均表示"3个小时",根据句子的结构分析, 此处缺少一个形容词修饰flight,而3-hour-long 可作为形容词修饰flight。

[答案]A例3 完成句子街道上有位老人跌倒了，站不起来。

我们赶紧跑上前去扶他。

An old manon the street and couldn't get up.We quickly ran up to help him.[解析]本题考查动词词组。

fall down跌倒, 由couldn't和ran可知整个事件是过去发生的,句子要用一般过去时态, fall的过去式为fell。

[答案]fell down例4 ---Must I finish my homework today, mom?---No,you .But you must make it 5 o'clock.A.mustn't; byB. needn’t;beforeC.don't have to; in[解析]本题考查情态动词。

考研英语暑期备考语法解读：从句2015考研英语暑期备考语法解读：从句语法在考研大纲中并做没有明确的说明，但无论是阅读、完型填空，还是翻译，甚至写作，对语法的考查又是无处不在的。

因此，语法就像是我们打开各个房门的钥匙，缺其不可。

在完型填空中，严格地说，语法是可以作为考题出现的，例如选择连词或代词的题，我们就可以把它们当作语法的题型来解决。

本文代老师为广大考生梳理一下完型填空中涉及到的语法项目，帮助同学们做好语法学习的准备，希望对同学们的复习有一定的帮助。

这里我们先总结一下能够涉及到的从句。

在考研英语中，总共有三大类型从句，即名词性从句，定语从句和状语。

我们这里先看一下名词性从句。

名词性从句就是指在句子中起名词作用的从句，其功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中可以担任主语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。

根据它在剧中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可以分为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。

1、主语从句主语从句在复合句中充当主语，为了避免头重脚轻的情况，平衡句子结构，一般用it作形式主语代替处于从句，把主语从句置于句尾。

在完型填空中，对主语从句的考查以形式主语it为主。

例如：It did not matter what was done in the experiment.（2010）it 作形式主语，关系代词what引导的从句是句子真正的主语。

句子含义为：实验中做什么无关紧要。

2、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语，可以作动词的宾语、介词的宾语。

也可以用于动词+it+that 结构，由it 作形式宾语。

例如：That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court‘s decisions will beaccepted as impartial judgments. （2012）在这句话中，it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是that 引导的宾语从句。

注意在这样的结构中，that是不可省略的。

Lesson 8形容词与副词的比较级和最高级【内容提要】形容词与副词的比较级和最高级【知识要点回硕】1同级比较2比较级3最高级4形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成【考点突破】例1 Roy thinks he works as as his friend, Dan.A. hardlyB. harderC. hard[讲解] 本题考查同级比较。

hardly几乎不;harder是hard的比较级,表示“更努力的,更努力地”;hard努力的,努力地; more hardly是错误的表达。

此题为同级比较,用"as+adj./adv.+as"的结构, 又因为work是动词,所以用副词修饰,hard的形容词和副词形式不变。

[答案] C例2 Lisa was still very weak when she left hospital. But after a week's rest, she felt much and went back to school.A. goodB. betterC. worse[讲解] 本题考查形容词的比较级。

由but 可知休息了一个星期后,Lisa的身体变好了,所以排除C项和D项;此处与之前进行了比较,要用比较级的结构,而good的比较级是better.[答案] B例3 There will be cars in the city because people will prefer the subway.A. fewerB. lessC. more[讲解] 本题考查形容词变比较级的不规则变化。

由because people will prefer the subway可推测出汽车会越来越少,排除C项;fewer走few的比较级,修饰可数名词;less是little的比较级,修饰不可数名词:而car为可数名词,故用fewer。

[答案] A例4 The harder you study, the knowledge you will know.A. muchB. more C, little[讲解] 本题考查比较级“越...,越…”的结构。