Tips for Public Speaking

英语公众演讲技巧PublicSp...第一篇：英语公众演讲技巧Public Speaking Skills - How To Persuade People[范文模版]Public Speaking SkillsAt the beginning of your presentation, tell your audience about your expertise on the speech topic.If you have done a lot of research about the topic, tell them so.If you have a certain experience that gives you special knowledge or insight, go ahead and say so.But keep in mind;you don't want to sound boastful（自夸，自负的）to your audience.Do not over-advertise yourself.Keep it short and simple.Say it as a matter of fact, not a boast.2.Connect to the audiencePractice your persuasive speech ahead of time so that you can perform it well.Moderately（适度地；中庸地；有节制地）fast speakers tend to be considered more intelligent and confident than slow speakers.If you sound hesitant or say “uh” and “um” too much, you will appear less e evidenceSome people say that serious public speakers should avoid emotional appeal entirely and only stick to reason.I disagree with that.Humans are not like automatons or Mr.Spock in Star Trek.We think and feel at the same time.By adding intensity of feeling to your logical speech, you can be a much more compelling speaker.A rational persuasive speech that can change some people's attitudes maynot arouse those same people enough to take action.In order to convince your listeners not only to agree with your ideas but also adopt them in real life, you must evoke their passion.• Use words or phrases that tend to reinforce emotional power.It is hard to pinpoint what words can sentimentally influence people more than others.It depends mostly on what topic you are talkingabout and what kind of emotion you would like to arouse in the audience.However, try not to be too wordy or say something overly melodramatic.Your passionate language must suit your speech, otherwise it may strike the audience as ridiculous.• Use vivid personal experience.By telling the audience about your captivating real life story that is relevant to the speech topic, you automatically let your emotional appeal grow.The video below is a great example of how a public speaker can use one's personal experience to one's own advantage.•Unless you are a really competent actor, don't act.Speak with sincerity[sin'serəti] and your true ing emotional language and vivid experience can be pointless if you don't actually feel the emotion yourself.第二篇：公众演讲技巧篇一：公众演说技巧公众演说技巧公众演说--先演再说一、巅峰状态1、一旦我处于巅峰状态，我将拥有所有一切的自信2、一旦我拥有自信，我将拥有所有一切的能力信念的力量是相信的20倍能量就是一切在演说中：肢体动作占55%，语音、语调、气势占38%，文字只占7% 二、二大开关1、感觉的开关：发出wow的声音，效果要好6倍2、引爆肢体动作，挥拳大声确认说：yes，效果要好16倍三、三大形行为法则1、成功者做别人不愿意做的事情2、成功者做别人不敢做的事情3、成功者做别人做不到的事情成功是靠意愿，而不是靠方法成功中：有了80%的why（动机、理由、原因），就能吸引到20%的how（方法）写：十个以上你一定要学公众演说的理由四、成功有四到1、知道――学习（知道很重要，只有知道了才有可能去感悟）2、悟到3、做到4、得到知道不等于悟到，悟到不等于做到，做到不等于得到――只有持续不断地付出才会有回报五、五大学习步骤1、初步的了解2、重复为学习之母3、开始使用4、融会贯通5、再次加强六、学会公众演说的好处1、公众演说可以用一张白纸开公司，瞬间说服一群人2、用一人之力创造十倍、甚至百倍的绩效3、快速倍增自信心，避免组织被控角，化解组织崩盘的危机4、建立影响力最快的一种方法5、最快速累积顶尖人脉的方式6、最快速倍增组织的方式7、最快速开发客户的方式8、最快速令人敬佩你的方式9、最快速吸引人才的方式10、瞬间提升团队战斗力，彻底激发团队潜能的方法七、演说技巧1、练习开场问候2、练习如何破冰3、练习如何互动4、引爆肢体动作和听众情绪5、模仿顶尖人物的三大关键――信念、策略、动作信念的力量是相信的20倍策略是指演说时的方法（动作的先后顺序、都用了什么方法等）八、训练声音和眼神1、训练声音磁性，吸引观众的注意力2、突破心理障碍和爆发力训练3、围成半圆为，组内练习眼神扫视4、组内互相大声问候，并运用眼神（注视5秒以上）九、无懈可击的自我介绍1、设计三分钟无懈可击的自我介绍――好的自我介绍，可以让一个陌生人记住你10年2、任何人一开口，其实就是在做自我介绍3、自我介绍，你将学会包装自己和销售自己4、将自己的绩效和对听众的好处讲出来5、你讲你过去不可思议的绩效（一）为什么要写自我介绍1、自我介绍：只有3分钟让别人眼睛发亮的机会2、你的自我介绍必须让听众发出一连串的“哇”，引起台下人的共鸣3、人们最爱听故事，尤其是自己真实的故事4、你最大的进步来自于无懈可击的自我介绍，要想持续不断的成功与进步，那就每次重写自己无懈可击的自我介绍5、当你自己觉得自己没什么大不了的时候，那就很难进步了6、你要讲的故事决定了你要说服别人的关键7、没有什么难以启齿的事情，讲出来你就是奇迹啊8、自我介绍就是写自己的剧本（剧本的过去、现在和将来）9、自我介绍会改变自己对自己的看法，也可以改变别人对自己的看法（二）写不可思议的自我介绍1、你用什么来说服别人――主题、故事2、你过去有什么样的记录――有什么方面超越别人的（考试、运动等）3、成功的事是记录，失败的事也是记录4、你做过哪些惊天动地的大事5、你有多么远大的梦想6、你未来将缔造多么大的记录7、你即将给大家带来多少兴奋的消息和资讯8、一上台要告诉台下的人有多少顶尖的人欣赏你、推荐你，并与你合作9、不断地回顾过去，并赋予过去价值，讲出来激励更多的人（三）、写出最有影响力的故事1、讲自己的故事（你要用大导演的眼光来看待你的故事）2、写下你生命中最快乐的事情3、写下你生命中最难过的事情4、写下你生命中最令你骄傲的事情5、写下你生命中最难忘、最尴尬的事情6、写下你生命中最感动、最感恩的事情7、写下你生命中最刻骨铭心的事情8、写下你生命中最激励的事情9、讲自己的故事要给别人一个可想象的画面10、写自己的故事：婚姻、老师、追求成功（创业）、合作、好坏朋友（三）自我塑造的问句（排比句）――下面为例句1、你能想象一个高中读了9年都没有毕业的人，是如何成为全国及亚洲知名的百万畅销书创造者的吗？2、你想知道一个完全害怕别人拒绝，一个排斥销售的年轻人，是如何成为行业中的第一名，并在一年中销售过亿的吗？3、你想知道一个昔日在麦当劳洗厕所的人，是如何登上杂志封面，并在电视中面对百万人进行演讲的吗？4、你愿意了解一个不愿与人沟通，没有任何领导经验，失败过无数次的人，是如何通过学习成为了一个在台湾、美国、日本?都拥有公司的集团总总裁吗？篇二：公众演说技巧(演说准备)上公众演说技巧演说准备（上）演说概述（一）演说的必要性随着科技的发展，社会的进步，信息技术能力的提高，现在社会的沟通距离正在逐步缩小，舌头在延长，公众演说蔚然成风，于是让人们产生这样一种观点：“是人才的不见得有口才，但有口才的一定是人才”。

英语演讲的7个温馨提示7 Tips for Presenting & Public Speaking in English(English with Lucy, Video on YouTube)1. Don’t agonize over your accent. 不必纠结你的口音I always say, rather than working on reducing your accent, work on improving your pronunciation.Accents are part of our culture and our heritage. And the best way to improve your pronunciation is slow down. We need to give the audience time to get used to and to adapt to our accents. Help me get rid of my accent, No. in my opinion, the only people that should be getting rid of their accent are actors. Otherwise, unless it’s something you do for a hobby, it’s a little bit of a waste of time.2. Use pauses to your advantage. 充分利用好停顿Pauses are great for so many reasons. As I’ve said in the previous point about slowing down, they give the audience time to understand what you’re saying. Pauses also give you time to think and also time to have a break. Take three or four seconds to plan what you’re going to say next and then you can be confident in your delivery. Now the best speakers that I’ve listened to are people that make the audience feel as if the pauses have been included for their advantage. So the audience might think that the pause has been used for emphasis, they’ve said something important,3. Sorry for my English. “英语不好”的变通说法If I go to another country, someone is giving a presentation in English, and wow the people who are presenting in another language, nine out of 10 times, they will start the presentation by saying, “Sorry for my English.” I feel like you can take more control over this situation. Instead of apologizing and being all small and seeming a bit unconfident, you’re taking ownership. Why not try saying something like, “English isn’t my first language, but I’m going to try my best here.” It’s unapologetic, it’s confident, and it makes you seem like you’re totally in control, and the audience is going to want to work with you.4. It is practice, but don’t learn. 演讲需要练习，而不是学习You can tell when somebody has practiced a presentation or rehearsed a presentation and you can also tell they’ve learnt a presentation. The difference being that a practiced presentation is organic, it’s genuine, it flows, and its’ trustworthy. A learnt presentation is memorized, it’s stagnant, and it’s sterile. It’s not interesting,5. Cue cards to your advantage. 合理使用提示卡If you are allowed to use cue cards or speaker notes in your presentation, for goodness sake, please use them. You never know when you’re going to be caught of-guard, so it is so essential to have something up there with you. I’ve seen a lot of people get stage fight. Those who have speaker notes can quickly look back and figure out where they are. Those who don’t stand up there like a lemon. Cue cards should be tiny little bullet points that keep you on track, that remind you where you are. They should not be a whole written presentation. You need to practice and rehearse multiple times just using your cue cards. So if you practice it loads, it will come out a little bit differently each time, but that’s good because you’re going to be preparing yourself for amultitude of situations.6. Think about your body. 考虑你的肢体语言Everyone is different. When I present, I like to have my feet apart. I definitely don’t walk around on stage. I have them planted on the floor, and like to use my hands and my waist to sort of pivot. I’ve got loads of room to move, but I’m not moving up and down. That’s a distraction and also you can trip over which is not what you want. I like to look really confident. Chest out, great posture, and I try not to do my typical fidget things, which is touching my hair, touching my nose, touching my neck. Think about them forehand, so you can quickly snap out of it.7. Dress to impress. 给人印象深刻的穿着打扮This one can also be controversial, especially in the influence industry, because people like to look really casual. I would say just go one notch above the predicted dress code. If it’s smart-casual, lean towards the smart side. If it’s office wear, wear a suit. It’s always better to look overdressed as opposed to underdressed. It makes you look professional. It makes you feel good about yourself.And somebody who looks groomed is the kind of person the audience is going to keep their eyes on. There’s nothing worse than having the audience drift off. At the end of the day, you want to engage with your audience and if you look scruffy and like you’re not really meant to be there, are you going to engage with them?。

公共演讲的6个小贴士告别紧张怯场（中英文）Whether you are speaking to an audience of three or three-thousand, here are afew key things you can do to equip yourself for success when that time comes.Using these public speaking tools will also decrease your pre-speech nervessignificantly!生活中总有些时候，你会被叫上台做公共演讲。

不论你的听众是3人还是3千人，做好这几样关键的事情，你的演讲就会成功。

这些公共演讲的技巧还能帮助你有效减轻演讲前的紧张感。

1. Do Not Stay Hidden Before You Speak演讲之前别躲起来Unless you are Bono, Oprah, or the President, you have no reason to hidebefore you speak and every reason to mingle, letting people know that you areinteresting and personable BEORE you take the stage. Aim to connect withindividuals and build a following before you address your audience as a whole.除非你是U2主唱波诺、脱口秀女王奥普拉，或者总统，否则你在演讲之前没有理由躲起来。

相反，你应该和大家打成一片，在上台前就让他们知道，你是个有趣又有风度的人。

你的目标是和关注者们建立联系，在你开始演讲之前就培养一批拥护者。

2. Do Not Write a Boring Intro and Have a Boring Person Read It不要写一篇无聊的自我介绍，还让一个无聊的人去念稿Your audience already has some idea of who you are, so skip the boringLinkedIn bio facts. When deciding what to include, ask yourself why your biomatters to this group of people. Keep it short and sweet, including only themost pertinent information of why they should care about who you are and whatyou have to say. Be sure the person introducing you has had a coffee, or three.关于你是谁，你的听众已经有一些概念了。

Tips for Public speakingKnow the needs of your audience and match your contents to their needs. Know your material thoroughly. Put what you have to say in a logical sequence. Ensure your speech will be captivating to your audience as well as worth their time and attention. Practice and rehearse your speech at home or where you can be at ease and comfortable, in front of a mirror, your family, friends or colleagues. Use a tape-recorder and listen to yourself. Videotape your presentation and analyze it. Know what your strong and weak points are. Emphasize your strong points during your presentation.When you are presenting in front of an audience, you are performing as an actor is on stage. How you are being perceived is very important. Dress appropriately for the occasion. Be solemn if your topic is serious. Present the desired image to your audience. Look pleasant, enthusiastic, confident, proud, but not arrogant. Remain calm. Appear relaxed, even if you feel nervous. Speak slowly, enunciate clearly, and show appropriate emotion and feeling relating to your topic. Establish rapport with your audience. Speak to the person farthest away from you to ensure your voice is loud enough to project to the back of the room. Vary the tone of your voice and dramatize if necessary. If a microphone is available, adjust and adapt your voice accordingly.Body language is important. Standing, walking or moving about with appropriate hand gesture or facial expression is preferred to sitting down or standing still with head down and reading from a prepared speech. Use audio-visual aids or props for enhancement if appropriate and necessary. Master the use of presentation software such as PowerPoint well before your presentation. Do not over-dazzle your audience with excessive use of animation, sound clips, or gaudy colors which are inappropriate for your topic. Do not torture your audience by putting a lengthy document in tiny print on an overhead and reading it out to them.Speak with conviction as if you really believe in what you are saying. Persuade your audience effectively. The material you present orally should have the same ingredients as that which are required for a written research paper, i.e. a logical progression from INTRODUCTION (Thesis statement) to BODY (strong supporting arguments, accurate and up-to-date information) to CONCLUSION (re-state thesis, summary, and logical conclusion).Do not read from notes for any extended length of time although it is quite acceptable to glance at your notes infrequently. Speak loudly and clearly. Sound confident. Do not mumble. If you made an error, correct it, and continue. No need to make excuses or apologize profusely.Maintain sincere eye contact with your audience. Use the 3-second method, e.g. look straight into the eyes of a person in the audience for 3 seconds at a time. Have direct eye contact with a number of people in the audience, and every now and then glance at the whole audience while speaking. Use your eye contact to make everyone in your audience feel involved.Speak to your audience, listen to their questions, respond to their reactions, adjust and adapt. If what you have prepared is obviously not getting across to your audience, change your strategy mid-stream if you are well prepared to do so. Remember that communication is the key to a successful presentation. If you are short of time, know what can be safely left out. If you have extra time, know what could be effectively added. Always be prepared for the unexpected.Pause. Allow yourself and your audience a little time to reflect and think. Don't race through your presentation and leave your audience, as well as yourself, feeling out of breath.Add humor whenever appropriate and possible. Keep audience interested throughout your entire presentation. Remember that an interesting speech makes time fly, but a boring speech is always too long to endure even if the presentation time is the same. When using audio-visual aids to enhance your presentation, be sure all necessary equipment is set up and in good working order prior to the presentation. If possible, have an emergency backup system readily available. Check out the location ahead of time to ensure seating arrangements for audience, whiteboard, blackboard, lighting, location of projection screen, sound system, etc. are suitable for your presentation.Have handouts ready and give them out at the appropriate time. Tell audience ahead of time that you will be giving out an outline of your presentation so that they will not waste time taking unnecessary notes during your presentation.Know when to STOP talking. Use a timer or the microwave oven clock to time your presentation when preparing it at home. Just as you don't use unnecessary words in your written paper, you don't bore your audience with repetitious or unnecessary words in your oral presentation. To end your presentation, summarize your main points in the same way as you normally do in the CONCLUSION of a written paper. Remember, however, that there is a difference between spoken words appropriate for the ear and formally written words intended for reading. Terminate your presentation with an interesting remark or an appropriate punch line. Leave your listeners with a positive impression and a sense of completion. Do not belabor your closing remarks. Thank your audience and sit down.。

Public Speaking TipsThe following tips are taken from SPEAKING UP©, MIT Freshman Advising Seminar 055, that was offered by Norma McGavern (former UROP Director) in Fall 1996. These tips provide you with advice on how to deliver your message clearly and strongly, with as little pain as possible for you —the speaker —and your audience.Preparation for Speaking—Your Voice (what you start out with) and the Sound it makes.1. Speech Is What You Do With Sound.Remember where the source of your voice is--it's not in your mouth! Air is pushed out from your abdomen, not from your throat .Before speaking--and while speaking, take deep breaths that result from diaphragm movement, not movement of the upper chest.∙It's a physical thing. The muscles between the ribs contract when you takea breath, and the ribs swing up and out. The diaphragm contracts, thendescends and flattens, causing a slight displacement of abdominal organsand an expansion of the upper end of the abdomen. The size of the chestcavity increases and air rushes in to fill the vacuum. When you exhale,muscles relax and return to the resting position and air is forced out of thelungs.∙You can do an exercise. Feel where the air is coming from. Stand up, put your hand on your abdomen; let air in, let air out. Count to 5, then 10, on abreath. Feel it? It's relaxing.∙Speaking posture: Stand in a comfortable position, not rigidly straight, not slumped over.2. Your Voice Creates An Impression. What Kind Of Impression Do You Want To Make?(A) Pitch: The tone of your voice. It is high? Low? A low voice may carry better. Correct breathing will help you achieve a lower pitch, to a point. So will relaxing.(B) Inflection: Don't sound querulous. That is, don't end sentences with an upward tone as you do when you ask a question (unless you want to sound uncertain). Beware of the inflections of sarcasm; these inflections usually don't play well and can sound whiny and annoying.(C) Pace: The speed at which your thoughts are put together out loud. Normal conversational speech is done with rapid bursts of sound. Public speaking pace should be slower and more deliberate than conversational speech. What may seem to be too slow to the speaker is very likely just right for the audience. Thepace you choose may be related to the kind of audience and content of your material. Aim for a slow pace, with lots of pauses between ideas.(D) Articulation and Pronunciation: Articulation is the ability to produce individual sounds. Pronunciation is putting sounds together to make understandable words. Understandability is key. Don't blur words. Voice complete and distinct sounds. This is not as simple as it sounds. Articulating plosives is a big help: b. d, g, dz (j in jump), p, t, k, ts, (ch in child), particularly when they end words as in "white."Say only words! Don't vocalize, making sounds like "um, uh, er, aaah." Avoid sounds that only masquerade as words, like "like," that impart zero information. Learn to enjoy silence.3. Get Your Voice Ready!(A) Practice breath control. Avoid upper thoracic (throat) breathing.(B) Find your natural standing body position and be comfortable.(C) Watch what you eat before a talk. Avoid dairy products. Coagulation occurs around vocal chords and makes you want to clear your throat. Avoid having a large meal beforehand.(D) Practice your speech by recording it. This will be the harshest test you can give yourself. If you have no recording device, practice it out loud.(E) Get your voice to stretch. Make sure it can reach the back of the room, at least in practice. In reality, you will probably have a microphone--but what if you don't?Writing For Speaking1. You Will Probably Read Your Speech (or Glance At Notes):Having notes with you is the safest way to give a speech, especially a long speech or one filled with important points. Those notes should be as helpful as possible. They should serve as a script.Don't read everything! Never read: "Hello. I'm happy to be here." (There goes any illusion of spontaneity!)Adjust your notes to the actual situation: "In Figure Two we can see..." (Can we?).Write how you talk. We don't talk the way we write. Written work can sound stuffy and pompous when being read. Sentences with numerous sub-clausesmay look great in an essay, but aren't easily followed in a speech. Besides, why should people sit and hear what they could more easily read? What do you add to prose by speaking it aloud?Avoid clichés (they make your speech sound "canned"), and cumbersome words (What did he say?). Say it simply, straightforwardly, in your very own words.Give yourself written aural hints. It's a script, after all. Give yourself stage directions. Write down hints like "pause" and underline words you want to emphasize. Number the pages. Don't write on the back of pages when you have written on the front.Write or type with VERY LARGE fonts and lots of spacing. It is a script. You will be acting it out. You will not be able to peer at it closely.Speed kills, especially when a talk is loaded with statistics, technical phrases and complex ideas. Reading statistics is safer than saying them from memory. You will sound more trustworthy.2. If You Insist On Speaking From Memory...This is actually an excellent way to speak if:∙(A) you have a real talent for it,∙(B) other people agree you have a talent for it,∙(C) you relate well to live audiences and like to think on your feet,∙(D) you have given the same speech many times before, or∙(E) the occasion is so informal that you know lapses will be forgiven.Don't do a brain dump. Think about what you're saying; don't go into automatic gear so that you become unstoppable. Be flexible.Don't ramble. When your audience is aware you have no notes, they may worry where you're going with the subject matter and how long it will take you to get there. Also be on the lookout for vagueness and inaccuracy or the appearance thereof.Have notes available, just in case. It never hurts to have notes on hand that you don't need to use.3. Do What Works Best For You.Remember:∙Memorizing has potentially dangerous shortcomings (like going blank).∙Speaking impromptu , off the cuff is risky, though spontaneous. Talent and experience help tremendously. Best done at informal occasions.∙Reading a speech can be dull but, with practice, shouldn't be. This is clearly the safest method.∙Small note cards printed with abbreviated notes, lead-in phrases, important words or statistics and other cues make one of the best all-around choices--ifyou practice.Mapping the Content of Your Speech1. The Visible Structure:The audience should be aware of your speech structure. It's like knowing where you are on a road map--the audience will be happier if they know where you are in your speech at any given time, and where you're headed.(A) Outline what will be told. Tell them what you're going to tell them.(B) Let the audience know where you are going. "Next, I'll describe..." "Then, I'll show you..."(C) Count: "There are three ways..." "I will tell you two stories that illustrate..." Keep track of those numbers!(D) Refer back to what you said earlier. Tie loose ends together. Remind them.(E) Use repetition. Begin similar points with the same words (but not excessively!).(F) Use repetition. Refer to the same things and the same people in the same way each time. The audience cannot flip back a page to check a name.(G) Assign responsibility. Don't be vague and say, "they believe..." or "they say..." unless you tell the audience who they are. If you are speaking of only your own beliefs, take responsibility and say, "I believe that..." or, “ in my view…”(H) Give credit for ideas and quotations you use. Speeches don't have footnotes.(I) Create a motif, if you can ("I have a dream..."), but know when to do it. Don't create a motif if you--or the occasion--aren't up to it.2. Putting One Foot Before the OtherAsk yourself these questions: Is your order logical? Are you following your map? Are you taking your audience down a road they can visualize?(A) Does the evidence you give lead to the conclusion you intend to draw?(B) Don't be preachy. Don't throw conclusions at the audience. Work up to conclusions with information.(C) Present events chronologically (or in some other appropriate order).(D) Do the events or data build to a climax?3. Be Concrete. Be Metaphorical.A few specifics are almost always better than many generalizations.(A) Make analogies. Give examples.(B) Tell a story that illustrates the point.(C) Show spatial relationships. Visualize things. Use your hands!(D) Give details. Only you have this information--what is it (your subject) really like?(E) Don't hang an entire speech on the hook of a single metaphor (i.e. every aspect of a game of football represents a point you want to make, etc.)4. In Conclusion...(A) Check the time discreetly. Be prepared to wind up quickly, or compress final stories.(B) Reiterate your major points. Did you tell them what you said you would?(C) Don't fade away. The last sentence should be one of your strongest. Writing Elements & Speaking ElementsIn a Written PieceHow is necessary information given in a written article?∙Title of book or article, author's name and (sometimes) author's position and background:∙Table of contents:∙Charts, tables:∙Underlined words, words in boldface, exclamation points!∙Photographs:∙Paragraphs:∙List of items in alphabetical, numerical, or bulleted order:∙Chapter headings:∙Quotation marks∙Footnotes:∙Page numbers:∙Names, or other identification (reader can't turn back a page to check):∙Ending may be titled "Conclusions." Final sentence is a strong, summary, or even visionary statement:In a SpeechHow do you give the same information when you're speaking out loud?∙Someone introduces the speaker, gives information about the speaker that is relevant to the occasion, plus the title or subject matter of the speech, etc.∙Speaker tells the audience what s/he's going to talk about.∙PPTs, a live demonstration, miming (describing something with gestures), etc.∙Speaker writes word on blackboard, lingers on the word and/or repeats it;speaker uses appropriate hand gestures for emphasis.∙Speaker tells anecdotes or stories which illuminate important points.∙Speaker pauses for a few seconds between separate sections or ideas.∙Speaker counts off items in numerical order ("one... two..," etc.) to help audience keep track.∙Speaker says s/he is now going to talk about the following...∙Speaker says "as X once said..." or uses the words "quote" and "unquote,"(but does not make quote signs in the air with his/her fingers).∙Speaker takes a brief moment to explain words, references, etc. which may not be understandable to everyone. This is equivalent to making aparenthetical remark.∙Speaker lets the audience know where s/he is in the speech. For example: "First I'll describe X, and then I'll tell you about Y..."∙Speaker calls people, places and things by the same name each time so that it is clear to what or whom s/he is referring. Speaker refers back: "X works inthe same way as Y which I told you about earlier..."∙Speaker indicates by summarizing (saying "in conclusion..."), and by tone of voice that the speech is ending. Final sentence is a strong summary, or evenvisionary statement.The Audience and You1. Who Are They?(A) What is the background (knowledge base) of the people you are going to be talking to? Adjust the level of your talk accordingly. Try to reach everyone.(B) What mood are they likely to be in? What did they do before your talk? What are they going to be doing after? Is the atmosphere or setting formal or informal?(C) Who are they? Both sexes, more than likely.Therefore:∙Don't exclude part of your audience by (for example) referring solely to "men"and telling stories using only the pronoun "he." On the other hand, don'tpander to your audience by overdoing in the opposite direction.∙Making a show of your thoughtfulness by switching genders in every remark you make can be annoying.∙Don't assume your audience is tuned into or sympathetic with group "in-jokes."(D) Be prepared to update your talk on the spot as the result of pre-speech encounters with members of the audience. Value these encounters and mingle, if you can, before you talk. You will have an opportunity to find out who they are, what they are interested in, and what they are hoping to hear or not hear. You may be able to add a comment like, "Someone told me this evening that..." to your talk.(E) Questions: If you have the slightest hint that not everyone has heard the question being asked, repeat it before you proceed to answer it. It is frustrating to hear only answers.(F) Handling disruption: It's probably best to acknowledge a disruption. But if you do, you will draw attention to it. So, if it's a minor disruption, it may be wiser to ignore it. Remember, at the podium, you are in charge, and your attitude will to a large extent determine the attitude of the audience.2. Who Are You, Anyway?(A) Why are you the one speaking on this subject? The person who introduced you may not have told this to the audience or covered all the right points. Fill them in. Make corrections.(B) Be honest! Tell the audience how you feel. Make sure feelings and attitudes you discuss are ascribed to the right person or group. Remember the difference between "I believe" and "they believe."If you don't know the answer to a question from the audience, admit it. Defer to an expert. Offer to look it up. If it involves a long (and possibly boring) answer, suggest the person talk with you afterwards.(C) Make eye contact, but don't link eyes with one person. You will makehim/her feel uncomfortable. See everyone; back, front, sides.(D) If you make an error, ignore it and seamlessly move on. Or, acknowledge it briefly and then move on. Or, engage the sympathy of the audience by eitherconfessing the error or making a small joke about it. (Warning: Jokes are high risk. What if no one laughs?)(E) Look friendly. An audience is unlikely to warm to a speaker who seems unhappy at the prospect of talking to them. Match your demeanor to your topic, not to your anxieties.Using Visuals(A) You, the speaker, are a visual aid. You are "on stage" the moment you are introduced. You can't pretend you're not there while you set up your demonstration or check out the podium, etc. That's one reason it's best to have things set up--and checked out--in advance, especially when the set-up is complicated.(B) Talk while you do stuff. If you must set up a visual aid while you are delivering your talk, plan to talk about it while you're doing this, especially if this is a lengthy process. You need to keep control of the audience; don't let them drift away.(C) Keep demonstrations or materials simple . Don't get yourself caught up running a three-ring circus. There will be too much for you to do; too much can go wrong.(D) Keep the visuals simple. If you are showing a PPT, one idea per screen is about right. Don't show pictures of things you do not intend to explain. Lead your audience through diagrams, even if you think they are simple.(E) Avoid annoying the audience:∙Don't read to them. If a screen has a great deal of writing on it, give them time to read it- they can read faster than you can speak.∙Use a pointer when you can, not your hands. Stay away from a light beam pointer unless you can hold it steady (most people can't, especially whenthey're nervous).∙If you are RIGHT-handed, stand on the RIGHT side of a visual display from the audience's perspective (If you're writing on a black or white board this will be your LEFT.) It will force you to keep your body somewhat turned towardthe audience even while working on the board; you can talk to the audienceover you right shoulder if you talk while writing.∙Look at the screen you are showing; make sure they are showing what you say they are showing.∙Be certain that equipment works; check it out in advance. You should have checked the room in advance as well.∙Make sure everyone can see your demonstration or the screen on which you’ll be showing you PPT. Li sten to your audience: if people indicate theycannot see, find a way they can.(F) Heighten interest. If you have a number of objects to display, reveal them one at a time. Don't show your audience all your tricks before you begin. When you're finished with an object, put it away. Don't play with it.(G) Practice your speech with all the visuals. Time them as they are integrated with your speech, and get comfortable with the way they fit in. Including visuals will magically lengthen the time it takes you to give your speech.On the Day of Your Speech- Avoid Panic!Check everything! Pretend to be confident!1. Did you preview the site? Check room size, acoustics, lighting (and how to control it, if it's controllable), microphones, availability of a black or white board, chalk or markers, where people enter and exit, etc.2. Establish where you will situate yourself with relation to your graphics and equipment. Will you block the view? How will you point things out? Where should your notes rest?3. Don't eat heavily before your talk, and avoid milk products. The reasons for avoiding a heavy meal may be obvious. Milk products coat your larynx and may cause you to do a lot of throat-clearing.4. Mingle with the audience before you speak, if you have theopportunity. You may learn some relevant things that you can incorporate into your talk. Or make a last minute adjustment to what you were going to say.5. How are you being introduced? Did you tell the person who will introduce you what to say and how to pronounce your name? Listen carefully to your introduction and take note so that when you speak, you don't repeat what was said. Make a mental note to add to it or make a minor correction if you think it's necessary.6. Once you've been announced, you are on stage. From the moment you were introduced you have been the focus of the audience's attention. It has no one else to look at but you. Move confidently.8. When you're ready to begin- don't. Wait! Take a moment to catch your breath. (Remember- abdominal breathing!) Make a pleasant face at the audience. Take a comfortable stance. Breathe. Look at everyone before you start.9. Keep an eye on your equipment as you move around or move things around.Avoid lengthy silences while you adjust equipment or arrange visuals or write on the board. Talk and do. Don't get too close to the microphone.10. Questions: the inaudible, the complex, the unanswerable, and the hostile. Repeat questions to the rest of the audience. Feel free to comment, e.g., "That's a good question!" Break complicated ones into simple components; tell the person asking a question you can't answer that you'll get back to him/her later or that you don't know. Don't respond to hostile questions by repeating the accusation; answer positively.11. Heads up when you're done! End naturally, without a "thank you." Look at the audience and acknowledge to them that you are done. Save your "thank you" for the roar of applause. Smile. Leave the podium as slowly as you walked to it. Don't look as if you're escaping. Keep your head up all the way back to your seat!。

公共演讲的技巧公开演讲的技巧Public speaking is a skill useful in school at work and if we want to convince a group of people. Investor Warren Buffett called it the most important skill we can learn to advance in a career. Here is a short sprouts guide to master the most powerful weapon if we want to bring change to the world.1. The IssueTake an issue you really care about. When you study it, you are intrinsically motivated to learn it more deeply and put in the extra effort. Later it gives you the passion you need to inspire your audience. When we speak in public, passion is probably our most powerful force. It shines through our eyes and straight into the hearts of the audience.2. One Simple MessageEvery issue has many angles to which we can highlight. But the audience has a limited attention span and many others issues in life, so if we say too much, they will lose interest. T o make a message stick, Chris Anderson recommends to boil it down to one idea that is worth spreading. A speech is good if it plants one creative seed in the heads of the audience. A seed can then grow into a sprout, which can change lives and be shared with others.3. StructureOver 2000 years age, the Greek philosopher Aristotle established 3 simple rules to any good speech: Establish credibility：Ethos；Give good arguments: Logos; Conveying emotions: Pathos. But you can also tell a personal story or present a problem and then offer a solution.4. Get helpA good method is using note cards. You can use one card per argument and keep the deck in your hands, alternating them as you speak. Politicians often read their speech from a teleprompter. Professionals often sell their ideas with the help of slides. When you have a product to show, demonstrate it. If you try to memorize your speech and you have one hour, spend 20 minutes studying and 40 minutes practicing to recite it. That’s usually the best ratio.5. Speak Their LanguageIt doesn’t matter what we say, it matters what they hear. According to Nerdwriter, Donald Trump speaks in a way that any fourth-grade can understand him. Guy Kawasaki recommends to use what he calls salient points. People don’twant to know how large a battery is. They want to know how long they can use it. When you prepare, ask yourself, how does my issue matter to this particular audience?6. PracticeBefore you present, practice your delivery. It’s important that we stand upright, arms open, palms out. We should speak loud and clear, and make eye contact with our audience. One way to practice is to try to speak in front of friends who don’t know the topic. Then you will see if they get your point. Alternatively you can also record and watch yourself on video.7. Check Your StageHow big is the room, how many people will listen, will you need a microphone? Professionals will want to walk onto the stage diagonal from the left back, apparently it’s the most dynamic way make an entrance. Also, always have a g lass of water next to you, so you can take a sip wh enever you’re losing it.8. D on’t Be AfraidEverybody can experience speech anxiety, also known as Glossophobia. It’s natural and sometimes actually helps us to reach excellence. Mahatma Gandhi called it “the awful strain of public speaking”. For years it prevented him from speaking up even at friendly dinner parties. But in 1942, Gandhi convinced 60000 people with his Quit India Speech to join a peaceful revolt against British colonialism. He spoke up the people followed his words and the British left.9. Open for SympathyWhen you enter the limelight, wait until you have everyone’s full attention. Then open to win sympathy, also called captatio benevolentiae. One way to do that is to excuse yourself. You can say, “you are a smart audience, so I don’t real ly know what I can tell you…” Obama, opened his 2008 speech in Berlin with the words: “I have to admit that I h ave developed a special place in my heart for the German people”. And they love it.10. Build CuriosityOnce they like you, grab their attention by building curiosity. Present a fact, statistics or a study. Or start in the middle of a story: “on my 5 birth day, my father started crying, it was the day he lost his job.” Dananjaya Hettiarachchi, a champion of public speaking, asked “raise your hand if you have an emotional mother.” And everyone did. But you can also do something funny or open with a crazy stunt. 11. Delivery Your MessageNow make your arguments, share those personal stories and delivermetaphors which create images in the minds of youraudience. If you forget what you wanted to say, don’t worry. Nobody knows what you meant to say. In 1963 Martin Luther King gave a speech in Washington. In the middle of it he stopped reading from script and started to improvise. He delivered one of the greatest speech of the twentieth-century “I have a dream”.12. CloseAfter you are done, summarize your arguments or repeat the core message. But you can also leave them with a quote, share your dream of a new future, or close your speech like we close our videos, with a specific call for action.Here it comes!Write a speech about an important issue, such as education. Open with sympathy, build curiosity, and bring in your convincing argument. In the end, close it cleverly. Limit your speech to 200 words and post it in the comments below.。

如何练习公共演讲英语作文(中英文实用版)Title: How to Practice Public SpeakingPublic speaking is an essential skill in today"s interconnected world.Whether you are a student, professional, or entrepreneur, the ability to communicate effectively in front of an audience can make a significant difference in your success.If you are looking to improve your public speaking skills in English, here are some tips to help you practice effectively.1.Start with the Basics: Before you can deliver a compelling speech, you need to have a strong foundation in the English language.Make sure you are comfortable with basic grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation.If necessary, consider taking an English language course or hiring a language tutor to help you improve.2.Write a Clear Outline: A well-structured speech starts with a clear outline.Outline the main points, supporting arguments, and transitions between different sections of your speech.This will help you organize your thoughts and ensure a smooth flow during the actual delivery.3.Practice with Passion: Delivery is key to engaging your audience.Speak with passion and enthusiasm, and vary your tone and volume to keep your audience engaged.Practice your speech aloud, and pay attention to your body language and facial expressions.These non-verbal cues can convey your message more effectively and leave a lasting impression on your audience.e Visual Aids: Visual aids such as slides, charts, or props can help you convey your message more effectively and make your speech more engaging.Make sure your visual aids are clear, concise, and relevant to the points you are discussing.5.Record Yourself: Video recording your practice sessions can be an eye-opening experience.It allows you to see how you come across to your audience and identify areas for improvement.Pay attention to your body language, facial expressions, and delivery style.Are there any areas where you can make adjustments to improve your effectiveness as a speaker?6.Join a Speech Club: Joining a speech club such as Toastmasters can provide you with a supportive environment to practice your public speaking skills.You will have the opportunity to deliver speeches, receive feedback from your peers, and learn from others" experiences.7.Practice Regularly: Like any skill, public speaking requires regular practice to improve.Set aside dedicated time each week to practice your speeches, and seek out opportunities to speak in front of an audience.This could include joining public speaking events, participating in meetings, or delivering presentations at work.8.Seek Feedback: Feedback is crucial to understanding how your audience perceives your speech.After delivering a speech, ask forfeedback from your audience or peers.What did they like? What could be improved? Their insights can help you refine your delivery and content.9.Stay Calm and Confident: Public speaking can be nerve-wracking, but staying calm and confident is crucial to delivering an effective speech.Before speaking, engage in relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or meditation to help ease your nerves.Remember, practice will make you more comfortable and confident on stage.10.Embrace Challenges: Public speaking is a skill that improves with time and practice.Embrace challenges, learn from your mistakes, and continue to refine your skills.With persistence and dedication, you will become a more effective and confident public speaker.In conclusion, improving your public speaking skills in English requires practice, dedication, and a willingness to learn.By following these tips and consistently working on your skills, you will become a more engaging and effective speaker.Good luck!。

英语公众演讲技巧英语公众演讲技巧英语演讲是件很挑战人的，下面是yjbys店铺为您收集整理的英语演讲技巧，需要的可看看，希望对你有帮助!1、Introducing SpeakersIf you host a special event, you may be required to introduce speakers. Try these quick tips for delivering thoughtful speaker introductions:Don't steal the show by making the introduction too long (60 seconds or less is sufficient), or by speaking on a topic that is in no way related to the speaker.Grab the audience's attention with a great opening. This can be an inspiring quote, a humorous anecdote, or an impressive milestone the speaker has achieved.Briefly mention the topic the speaker is addressing, but don't reveal too much about his or her speech.Establish the speaker's authority and expertise. This information will help solidify with the audience the speaker's credibility as a subject matter expert.2、Accepting AwardsWhether you’re accepting an Oscar or community recognition, Toastmasters International offers these proven tips for delivering a powerful acceptance speech for any type of award:Show your personality. Your acceptance speech should come from the heart.Be gracious. Acknowledge the good work done by your competitors and thank the organization that selected you for the award.Show excitement. You don’t have to climb over chairs or even cry, but the audience should recognize that you’re happy to have won the award.Be modest. Your acceptance speech should be heartfelt but not self-congratulatory.Practice, practice, practice. Rehearse with a timer, memorize key people to thank and allow time for the unexpected.3、Preparing a SpeechPreparing for a speech is one of the best ways to ensure you give an effective presentation. Try these tips to help you properly prepare:Organize your speech in a logical sequence: opening, main points, summary.Practice and rehearse a speech frequently prior to delivering it. Ask friends to be your audience, or practice in front of a mirror. Be sure to use a timer to help you pace your speech.Become familiar with the stage or the setting where the speech will take place. Get a sense of the size of the stage, where any steps or obstacles might be, and where to enter and exit.Choose comfortable clothes to wear, but always maintain a professional appearance.Visual aids should fit a speech, whether they are funny, serious or technical. The main goal of visual aids is to help the audience understand what is being said, and reinforce the points of a speech in unique and interesting ways.4、Gestures and Body LanguageSpeakers generate a great amount of emotion and interest through the use of non-verbal communication, often called gestures or body language. A speaker's body can be an effective tool for emphasizing and clarifying the words they use, whilereinforcing their sincerity and enthusiasm. Here are a few tips on how to use gestures effectively:Eye contact establishes an immediate bond with an audience, especially when a speaker focuses in on individual listeners rather than just gazing over the audience as a whole.Control mannerisms. Mannerisms are the nervous expressions a speaker might not be aware of such as putting their hands in their pockets, nodding their head excessively, or using filler words like um and ah too often.Put verbs in to action when speaking to an audience by physically acting them out with the hands, face or entire body.Avoid insincere gestures by involving the entire body as much as possible in the movement and matching facial expressions to it.Move around the stage as topics change and move toward the audience when asking questions, making critical connections, or offering a revelation.5、Successful SpeechesWhether you're talking to a small group of people or speaking to a large audience, you want to be sure your speech is memorable and enjoyable. Follow these five easy tips to help ensure your speech delivers:Be prepared. Your audience is giving you their time and consideration, so rehearse enough to be confident you'll leave a good impression.Start strong. Begin your speech with a powerful opening that will grab your audience's attention, such as a startling fact or statistic, an interesting story or a funny joke.Be conversational. Avoid reading your speech word for word. Instead, refer to notes or points from an outline to help yourspeech have a more free-flowing, conversational tone.Speak with passion. If you're truly invested in what you're saying, you'll be better able to keep your audience's attention.Be patient. It's easy to get frustrated if you make a mistake. But remember that public speaking is not easy and it takes time to hone your skills. Keep practicing and you will reach your goals.6、Speaking to Diverse AudiencesGiving a speech or presentation to an audience of people who speak various languages or have differing cultural backgrounds requires special tact on the part of the speaker. Here are some tips and techniques on how to effectively engage a diverse audience:Enunciate clearly. If possible, try to speak with a neutral accent to better include all audience members.Don't speak too fast. Remember that the normal pace of speech in one language might become incomprehensible for people relatively new to that language.Be careful with metaphors. Some metaphors that are appropriate in one culture can be offensive to another. A good example is references to sports not popular or practiced in a certain country, or phrases that are comical in one culture yet offensive in another.Know the meanings of words outside your native language. Unless you are absolutely sure of the meaning and pronunciation of a word you are using in a given language, do not use it. In some languages, slight variations of a vowel will completely alter the meaning of a word.Avoid slang, jargon and idiomatic expressions. Diverse audiences may not understand slang from a given country. English phrases such as "that dog don't hunt" or "cool as acucumber" might be colorful, but the meaning could be lost on a large part of the audience.Be mindful of body language, eye contact and personal space. Posture, mannerisms and eye contact speak volumes and what is taken for granted in one culture might be considered offensive in another.7、Presenting AwardsWhen recognizing someone for a job well done, it's important to highlight the value of both the award and the recipient. To create a memorable presentation, explain the criteria for the award and how the recipient met those criteria. Here are a few additional guidelines:Tell a story about the significance of the award.Pronounce names of the recipients correctly.Provide background on the recipient.Hold the award respectfully and hand it to the recipient as if it were a treasure.Wait to invite the recipient to the lectern until you formally introduce them.Stand so the audience can see the recipient and the award clearly.8、Delivering Technical BriefingsA technical briefing is a speech that conveys technical information to a specific audience, usually in a workplace.Technical briefings should be presented in a way that allows an audience to understand and apply critical information. Technical briefings can range from an engineer briefing a group of managers on a current project, to a retail supervisor explaining a new company policy to the store employees. Follow the steps below to ensure your technical briefings are as effective as theycan be:Know your audience. Avoid using too much industry jargon or material that is too technical for your colleagues to easily understand.State the purpose of the technical briefing in one or two sentences and use this summary as the focal point for the entire presentation.Arrange the material into an outline containing an introduction, main points and a conclusion.Summarize the main points of the technical briefing during the conclusion.9、Giving Sales PitchesA sales pitch or proposal seeks to persuade. The objective of the presentation is to sell a product, concept or idea. The ability to present sales pitches and proposals effectively can open the door to professional opportunities.To organize ideas into an effective sales pitch or proposal, use the “inverted pyramid” approach, which gives an audience the most important information in the first few sentences (how much money might be saved, how lives might be improved, etc.). Support claims with logic and evidence, and end every sales pitch or proposal with a call to action. If an audience agrees with the initial message or point, the supporting material that follows will reinforce that agreement. If an audience disagrees, logic and evidence may win them over.Use high-quality yet simple visual aids, such as charts or slides, to help clarify any sales pitch or proposal. Make sure the visual aids can be seen by every person in the audience, and limit each chart or slide to a single main point.Offer a question-and-answer period following a sales pitchor proposal, which can supply you with valuable feedback about the effectiveness of the pitch. It also gives an audience the opportunity to further clarify specific points or data that was presented. Below are a few ways to effectively answer questions from an audience:Anticipate possible questions by rehearsing with colleagues or friends.Provide answers that support the sales pitch or proposal.Disarm loaded questions (those based on false premises or irrelevant assumptions) by being polite and asking the questioner to further explain his or her question.Divide complicated questions into several parts before answering them.。

英语：公众演讲的技巧英语范文：公众演讲的技巧Tips for Public SpeakingFrom VOA Learning English, this is the Education Report.Students in American schools learn from an early age to give presentations as part of their regular classroom activities. Children as young as five years old often give brief talks about objects they bring in to school - called "show and tell," this training is a basis for later public speaking.Even so, many native English-speaking adults are afraid to speak or give presentations in front of a large group.Speaking English in public meetings is necessary for many students and employees. The best way to improve is to practice public speaking in a friendly environment. Learners need to receive feedback about what they are doing well and about their mistakes. One group that gives members the chance to practice is Toastmasters.Toastmasters is an international organization that holds weekly meetings. At the meetings, members each give a speech and give others advice about their speeches and speaking style.Charles LeBeau is a public speaking professor and consultant. He began his career in Japan in 1982. Currently, he teaches at two universities and at the T oshiba International Training Center. He has also written books on the subject.English language learners around the world use his book Speaking of Speech.Speaking of Speech tells about a method of teaching public speaking for non-native speakers. Mr. LeBeau says a simple approach helps English learners."The approach that I've taken is to simplify and break it down. First if we look at presentation, what's going on, there are basically three messages that the presenter is giving the audience, all simultaneously. There's what I call the physical message. Physical message is basically body language. It's the way that my body, as a speaker, is talking to the audience. And then there's also the visual message. The visual message(s) are the slides that we now make and show the audience. The third message is the story message. The story message is the content of our presentation. So another way we can think of the story message is that it's the verbal message, it's what we say to the audience. The story message also includes how we organize our ideas to present to the audience," LeBeau said.In the next ‘Speaking Tips' we will explore Charles LeBeau's recommendations for improving the Physical Message. He thinks this is the public speaking skill that is easiest for English learners to improve quickly.I'm Jill Robbins.。

谈论公开演讲英文作文模板Public Speaking English Composition Template。

Public speaking is an essential skill that can benefit individuals in various aspects of their personal and professional lives. Whether it's delivering a presentationat work, speaking at a conference, or giving a toast at a wedding, the ability to communicate effectively in front of an audience is a valuable asset. In this article, we will discuss the importance of public speaking, the key elements of a successful speech, and some tips for improving your public speaking skills.Importance of Public Speaking。

Public speaking is an important skill for several reasons. First and foremost, it is a crucial tool for effective communication. Whether you are trying to persuade, inform, or entertain your audience, being able toarticulate your thoughts and ideas in a clear and engagingmanner is essential. Public speaking also helps to build confidence and self-esteem. By mastering the art of public speaking, individuals can become more comfortable expressing themselves in front of others, which can translate into increased confidence in other areas of their lives.Additionally, public speaking is a valuable professional skill. Many careers require individuals to speak in front of groups, whether it's presenting to clients, leading meetings, or training colleagues. Those who are able to communicate effectively and confidently are often seen as leaders in their field and may have more opportunities for career advancement.Key Elements of a Successful Speech。

Tips for Impromptu SpeakingWhat is impromptu speaking?Webster's defines "impromptu" as "something done offhand, at the moment without previous preparation." Technically, that is what impromptu speaking is all about--speaking 'off-the-cuff'. But, in reality, impromptu speaking involves extensive preparation to increase your knowledge base so that you will have some useful material no matter what you draw as a topic.Impromptu Speaking is an opportunity to practice your public speaking skills. Essentially you are asked a question, without advance notice, on a particular theme or subject. You will then have two minutes to organize your thoughts before it is your turn to speak for 2 minutes.Why practice impromptu speaking?There will be many occasions in your business life when, with very short notice, you will be asked to offer an opinion on something, to convince others that a particular argument is valid, or even persuade others about a proposed course of action.The more clearly, concisely and fluently you can express yourself, the more effectively you will be able to get your message across in such situations. With practice you can learn how to present your thoughts in a clear, organized manner even though you may have little notice of the subject upon which you are called to speak.Although your response will be ‘impromptu’, you can still be prepared!1.As soon as you get your topic, focus on the things you have done, things you know, technicalknowledge you possess, ideas you have that relate to the topic. This will enable you to drawon your own experience. Personalize your response (even if you have to make up your ans wer).when…”2.Remember an impromptu topic is a mini presentation with an opening, a body, and a closing.Begin your talk with an opening sentence such as: …There are three reasons why I liketo/would like to vacation at the North Pole‟. Think of three reasons. If time is running out andyou see the warning si gnal, say: …Due to a lack of time, I will share the remaining two reasonswith you next time‟. End by summarizing what you said.anizing your answer is the most challenging aspect of your preparation as you will do thisin a very short space of time. However, there are a number of different ways that you canorganize your talk, the following are some to keep in mind:Methodologies for Organizing Your Impromptu PresentationPoint, Reason, Example, Point:This is the method that comes most naturally to us.To open you state a point, for example: …HK Disney is too small to hold a capacity crowd of 30,000‟.In the body of the topic you outline reasons for stating this and provide examples.Your conclusion restates the point you first made.Who, What, Where, When, Why, How:This approach is very useful when talking about a particular theme such as typhoons.When given a particular theme to talk about, begin thinking: who or what can I talk about on this theme, where and when did something happen on this theme that I can talk about? Why is itimportant/unimportant to this theme? How can I organize my thoughts to talk about this theme? Past, Present, FutureThis method allows you to adopt a global approach.For example, if your topic is on medicine, you might talk about what medical care was like in ancient China, what it is like today, and what it might be like in the future.Balanced Opinion:Use this approach to offer two sides of an argument, for example the case for and against setting an age limit on allocating public housing.This can also be used to talk about the advantages or disadvantages of particular situations, actions, and decisions.Mind Mapping:Mind mapping is an association of ideas.You may be asked to speak on a particular topic such as ho lidays.What immediately comes to mind?Think of holidays you‟ve taken; what are you thinking about? Follow your thoughts.Go with your ideas – then all you need to add is an opening and a conclusion.Describe a Process:For example, describe the effective business writing process.First you brainstorm ideas, then you write an outline, then you write a draft etc.State a goal/problem and how the goal/problem can be achieved/solved:For example, MBA Alumni Association wants to sign up 5 new committee members this yearSo far only 1 has signed up. One course of action would be…Elaborate a Viewpoint:For example, the HK government has decided to build a high-speed rail link to China.I believe this is wrong/right….Tell a story. Look for a lesson you can f ind in the topic you‟ve been given. Relate it to a book you have read, a TV show or movie you‟ve watched, something you heard about in the news, a community project, your work or your hobby. Bring your family into this topic. Everybody has family. It is the universal way to relate to everyone. When you talk about family be sure to use names - it makes a stronger emotional picture for the audience.Use the topic to segue* to your main message. Politicians do this all the time. If you ask them aboutdid for the community. Make it a smooth transition and the audience will go with you.When your mind goes blank and you don‟t know what to say next - smile, look at the audience and pause. They will review your last words and reflect on how insightful they were. The one or few second pause is powerful and it gives you time to plan your next words. If the pause and smile don‟t get you going - repeat the topic or your last point in a profound way. You could even repeat it more than once. When you do this you clarify your collection of thoughts and then suddenly your mouth engages again.Final Tips: Incorporate humour early. When the audience laughs with you, they relax and so do you. Plus that gives you a shot of confidence. Speak slowly - it gives you more time to think.These are some of the ways you might use to organize your response when asked to give an impromptu presentation. Depending on the subject, some topics will better suit a particular method better than others. Also your own individual preference for a particular method will further influence the way you present.Try and have some fun practicing the different methods outlined above. The more strategies you have the more your confidence will grow and the more comfortable you will be when asked to speak in public. Above all remember to have fun, and keep in mind that you don’t have to tell the truth, as long as you are convincing!* Segue (pronounced: segg-way) a method for smoothly transitioning from one topic to another. A segue allows the speaker or writer to naturally proceed to another topic without jarring the audience. A good segue makes the subject change seem like a natural extension of the discussion. Comedians spend considerable time perfecting segues for their stand up comedy routines. …Since I'm on this train of thought…‟ …That reminds me of….‟ Watch the following clips and pay attention to how the comic smoothly transitions from one topic to the next. Occasionally a comedian will not segue at all and the abrupt transition itself becomes a source of humour (however this technique is only infrequently used).。

公众面前演讲英语作文英文回答：Public speaking is a form of communication thatinvolves delivering a speech to a live audience. It can be used for various purposes, such as informing, persuading,or entertaining. Public speaking is an essential skill for anyone who wants to be successful in business, politics, or any other field that requires the ability to communicate effectively.There are many different types of public speaking, including speeches that are given at conferences, workshops, rallies, and other events. There are also different stylesof public speaking, such as formal speeches, which are typically delivered from a written script, and informal speeches, which are delivered in a more conversational style.Regardless of the type or style of speech, there aresome general tips that can help you become a more effective public speaker. These tips include:Know your audience. Understanding your audience will help you tailor your speech to their interests and needs.Practice your speech. The more you practice, the more confident you will be when you deliver your speech.Use visual aids. Visual aids can help you engage your audience and make your speech more memorable.Be enthusiastic. Your enthusiasm for your topic will be contagious and will help your audience stay engaged.Be confident. Confidence is key to effective public speaking. If you believe in yourself, your audience will believe in you too.Public speaking can be a daunting task, but it is askill that can be learned and mastered with practice. By following these tips, you can become a more effectivepublic speaker and communicate your message with confidence.中文回答：公众演讲。

Public Speaking Skills - How To Persuade People Persuasion is the key to accomplishment, not only for politicians or stockbrokers（股票经纪人）, but for everyone of us. In a job interview, you have to persuade your interviewers why they should hire you and not the other candidates. In a classroom presentation, you have to convince your classmates and professor to believe that what you are talking about is worth listening to, and your hard work deserves a good grade. In a workplace, you need to be able to pitch your ideas persuasively in order to prosper （繁荣，昌盛；成功）in your career. If you look at highly successful people, you will see that they are not only hard workers and creative thinkers, but also great persuaders.In public speaking, it all comes down to this question: how can you win over your audience? And the answer is one word: CREDIBILITY.Imagine Bill Gates saying the following hypothetical sentences:"Within ten years, all laptop computers will also be used as televisions. The televisions we use nowadays will turn into something completely old-fashioned."Now imagine Britney Spears saying the same thing. You would probably nod at Gates and shrug（耸肩）at Spears, right? You would choose to trust his judgment rather than hers because you know that he is a guru（领袖，专家)of the computer industry and she is not. This is called "initial credibility", meaning the credibility that the speaker has even before he/she begins speaking.Initial credibility is a blissful（充满喜悦的）advantage for public speakers. If your audience already knows you are an expert in something and already trusts you, you won't have to try so hard to create credibility in your speech. But what if you are not really an expert in anything and your audience doesn't even know who you are? The answer is simple: you will have to build your credibility during your speech.How to Build Your Credibility1. Advertise your competence - At the beginning of your presentation, tell your audience about your expertise on the speech topic. If you have done a lot of research about the topic, tell them so. If you have a certain experience that gives you special knowledge or insight, go ahead and say so. But keep in mind; you don't want to sound boastful（自夸，自负的）to your audience. Do not over-advertise yourself. Keep it short and simple. Say it as a matter of fact, not a boast.2. Connect to the audience - Try to identify with（认为…等同于，与一致）your audience early in your speech. Even if you are going to talk about something very controversial or something your listeners may disagree with, you still have to make them feel that you share the same common ground and values.Four years ago, I watched Senator John Kerry give a speech about keeping woman's rights to abortion in one of the "red" states, in a roomfull of conservative voters who were probably strongly against such an idea. At the start of his speech, he made a very smart move by saying that he himself is also a true Christian who believes abortion is not the right thing to do. Then he explained further that even though that is what he believes, there are also a lot of people in America who do not consider abortion a sinful（有罪的）thing; there are a number of Americans who are not Christians and do not share his religious principles. And since America is a democratic country, we have to respect those people's values as well.I think Senator Kerry was impressive that day. By establishing common ground with the audience early, he was able to get off on the right foot. I don't know how many people in the audience he had successfully convinced, but at least he pulled off that extremely controversial speech with such poise and more importantly, without getting booed.3. Speak eloquently（['eləkwəntli]善辩地；富于表现力地）and express your ideas with conviction - Practice your persuasive speech ahead of time so that you can perform it well. Moderately（适度地；中庸地；有节制地）fast speakers tend to be considered more intelligent and confident than slow speakers. If you sound hesitant or say "uh" and "um" too much, you will appear less competent.4. Use evidence - For amateur public speakers with no initial credibility,it is very helpful to use examples, statistics, facts or testimonies to support their ideas. No matter what type of evidence you use in your speech, just remember these two things:First, use specific evidence. For example, if you use statistics, indicate the exact number. Saying "Ten million Americans suffer from obesity" will make your point more effectively than just saying "Millions of Americans suffer from obesity." It will make your listeners aware that you have a good firm grip of factual information. Second, always cite evidence from well-known, reliable and non-biased sources.5. Reason clearly and persuasively- Even if you use a bunch of strong evidence, you still won't be able to persuade your audience unless they grasp your reasoning. Don't assume that supportive evidence is enough. Throwing a lengthy list of statistics and examples at your listeners without drawing a logical conclusion to your main idea won't do you any good.6. Appeal to emotions- Some people say that serious public speakers should avoid emotional appeal entirely and only stick to reason. I disagree with that. Humans are not like automatons or Mr. Spock in Star Trek. We think and feel at the same time. By adding intensity of feeling to your logical speech, you can be a much more compelling speaker. A rational persuasive speech that can change some people's attitudes maynot arouse those same people enough to take action. In order to convince your listeners not only to agree with your ideas but also adopt them in real life, you must evoke their passion.How to create emotional appeal∙Use words or phrases that tend to reinforce emotional power. It is hard to pinpoint what words can sentimentally influence people more than others. It depends mostly on what topic you are talking about and what kind of emotion you would like to arouse in the audience.However, try not to be too wordy or say something overly melodramatic. Your passionate language must suit your speech, otherwise it may strike the audience as ridiculous.∙Use vivid personal experience. By telling the audience about your captivating real life story that is relevant to the speech topic, you automatically let your emotional appeal grow. The video below is a great example of how a public speaker can use one's personal experience to one's own advantage.∙Unless you are a really competent actor, don't act. Speak with sincerity[sin'serəti]and your true emotion. Using emotional language and vivid experience can be pointless if you don't actually feel the emotion yourself.。

Public Speaking Tips(or how to enjoy giving presentations) It’s 9am on a Monday morning. Public speaking couldn’t be further from your mind and your manager tells you have to do a presentation to fifty colleagues next week. What’s your response? - Do you feel that public speaking is just part of the routine?- Do you respond to the challenge and wonder how you can make your presentation compelling, informative and inspiring?Or, like most people do you feel you would rather die than stand up and be judged by the hard unforgiving scrutiny of your fellow man and woman?- Is it possible to be an average presenter and learn the skills to become an inspiring and entrancing speaker?- Is it possible to be totally terrified of the mere thought of public speaking yet learn to relax and even enjoy it?Without a doubt, the answer is YES!Public speaking on the increaseIt’s a cliché to say that we live in an information culture. But it’s true! Never before has so much information been so readily available. The rate of change and development is so fast that we have to work constantly to ‘stay ahead of the game’.More than ever, people are having to present information to others as part of this constant up-dating. People are being increasingly called upon to present publicly their information to co-workers and other departments.To get ahead, you have to present!But how often are we taught how to present? There are 2 main areas of skill:1) Skills of effective presenting; use of teaching aids, use of the voice, structure and so on.2) Self-management; the ability to remain calm and composed in front of an audience.Learning these skills make a huge difference not only to the quality of your public presentation but also to your enjoyment. Truly fantastic presenters are quite a rare commodity, but that’s only because most people never took the time to learn.Being an excellent presenter will enhance your career, social life and your enjoyment of work in general.Great presenters can transform almost any subject into one of interest or even inspiration. A friend once told me that the most entertaining and thought provoking presentation they ever saw was about print processing!One of the most effective ways to decrease public speaking fear and anxiety is through relaxation and mental rehearsal, coupled with techniques for removing 'learned fear'.We have recorded a self hypnosis session that does this, and you can read about it on our specialist site: Public Speaking Fear Download (page will open in new window).The 10 Most Common Public Speaking FearsSo what exactly are people afraid of when it comes to public speaking?Here’s a list of the things we hear most often:1) ‘Drying up’ or not being able to speak.2) Forgetting what you are talking about – your mind going blank.3) Having the heckler from Hell.4) Having someone in the audience who knows more than you do.5) People noticing that you are nervous.6) Having to run screaming from the room.7) The presentation being so awful and embarrassing that your social/career relationships are forever ruined.8) The impossible to answer ‘question from Hell’.9) The audience talking over you or walking out10) Dying on stage (OK, so we made this one up to make it up to 10 :-)We'll address these fears in the sections belowWhat to do about a fear of public speakingFirstly, let’s accept that we need fear. Without the ability to become very fearful no human beings would be here today - our ancestors relied on fear to survive bigger, stronger and faster predators.When we become highly fearful, the unconscious mind takes over and we become primarily set up for physical action. In order to survive a physical threat we respond automatically for the sake a quick reaction. In certain situations, this can be a life-saver.During this 'fight or flight' response, breathing speeds up in preparation for physical exertion, we may sweat to cool the body, or feel as if we ‘can’t think’. Survival in very primitive conditions is primarily about action rather than thinking.How much anxiety is good for public speaking?When presenting we need a little anxiety as this will improve recall, raise energy levels and make for a more focused, dynamic speech. An overly laid-back speaker can easily bore!So we don’t want too much anxiety and we don’t want too much relaxation. We need enough tension to give us energy, and enough calmness for clear thinking and recall. We need the right balance.Most of the petrified presenters that we train are doing the same thing!Here's the usual 'pattern of fear'.1) You have a presentation coming up.2) You think about it, imagining things going wrong and so feel anxious.3) Unknowingly, you build up an association between the thought of the speech and the feeling of fear.4) You go into the actual situation and get a fear response!Repeated often enough, this will cause the two to become very closely associated. This is ‘negative mental rehearsal’ for the event. Not surprisingly, when you go into the actual situation you feel terrified!Dogged by an ancient brainAs Ivan Pavlov showed, dogs who are repeatedly fed whilst hearing a bell can eventually salivate when just hearing the bell without food.People who repeatedly feel fear coupled with imagining something find they feel fear when the situation arrives.However, people can learn to associate tightrope walking, fighting in battles or defusing a bomb with a state of psychological calm. You can learn to change an association.Public Speaking Exercise: responding to public speaking with calmness, not fearFind a quiet place where you can ensure that you won’t be disturbed for ten to fifteen minutes. Close your eyes and direct your focus of attention to your hands, imagining what they feel like when they relax.As the relaxation spreads, allow your mind to drift to a time where you felt really comfortable. Maybe a time such as, lying in the bath, or listening to music, or an evening with friends when you had a good time and were laughing and having fun.Begin to get a feel for the reality of this time. Notice the colours, shapes and sounds even smells and tastes associated with this time. Notice what it’s like to bring back something of the feeling of that time and let those feelings begin to build up almost as if you are back there.Once you have that feeling, imagine watching television and seeing your self on the screen, taking your time, looking cool and relaxedgiving that presentation. Notice what it is about ‘the you on the screen’ that lets you know you are relaxed and comfortable.Then drift into that screen and experience what it actually feels like to be speaking in that way with similar feelings to those you had in the first memory. Spend some comfortable time doing this almost as if in a dream. When you have enjoyed this for a few minutes open your eyes feeling refreshed and alert.Read this over a few times to make sure you have it clear in your mind. Repeat this exercise regularly and notice the differences. Some people find this type of exercise easier than others. If this is difficult for you, consider getting the Self Confidence Trainer, which contains hypnotic inductions for rehearsing events such as public speaking.Avoiding a major public speaking mistake‘Mind reading from facial expressions'When I first began speaking to audiences I was extremely sensitive to the way audience members looked. During the presentation I would try to read their mood.- Were they frowning?- Did they have blank expressions?- Did this mean they were hostile?If no-one was smiling this would really bother me. If one person appeared more friendly than the rest I would focus on them during my talk, to the exclusion of the others.On one occasion I was conducting a two day workshop to about forty people. There was a particular woman in the front row who continuously frowned at me and even occasionally shook her head!I began to try and blank her out of my vision and was relieved that she didn’t ask any questions. At the end of the two days as I was saying my goodbyes and packing to leave she approached me.‘Here we go’ I thought. I was amazed when she told me how much she enjoyed my presentations and that she had loved the training and couldn’t believe how much she had got out of it!Ever since, I haven’t tried to guess what my audience is thinking. If I suspect someone is not enjoying it, I approach them and give them a chance to say so. I consider that their responsibility.As I learned how to relax and enjoy public speaking, my perceptions began to change. What I had seen as hostile, I started to see as nervousness in the audience members. Rather than looking at them to put me at my ease I began to try to put them at their ease. Dealing with difficult people and tough questions when speaking in publicDuring your presentation, if someone is being very disruptive then you will not be alone in being vexed with them. People generally behave with decency during presentations. If someone begins to make sarcastic comments or interrupt, you have several options. You can:1) At the start of your speech you can request that people raise their hand before any comments or questions or designate a specific time for questioning such as at the end.2) If someone begins to interrupt or make asides you can politely remind them of your opening remarks. Most people will respond instantly to this.3) If some one tells you they totally disagree with your point/points you can try to refute them or open the debate up to the wider audience where, more likely than not, others will defend your position for you. Remember, your job is merely to present ideas and information in a compelling way, not to get into arguments with one audience member at the expense of the others.4) Admit you don’t know something and promise to find out for them.5) Tell them that you would like to come back to that point.6) Ask them to come and see you afterwards for further discussion as you have limited time and much material to cover.7) Stick to the main points of your speech. You don’t have to answer questions immediately or on the questioner’s terms. If people wish to side-line they can do it afterwards or during a break.8) Remember: It’s not just about you justifying yourself to the audience. They carry half the responsibility in the situation. They are required to be polite, to listen to and absorb what you are saying, to ask relevant questions and to know when to keep quiet. Your responsibility extends only so far.It’s all in the preparation1) To feel confident you need to be really familiar with your material. Hesitancy and constant note-reading do not a good speech make!2) Become familiar with the ‘signposts’ of your speech and fully acquaint yourself with your content so that you can trust yourself to remember.3) Many good presenters I know use mind-mapping to prepare and memorise speech notes. It’s quick and really aids memory and recall when you’re ‘up there doing it’. Check out Tony Buzan’s classic ‘The Mind Map Book’.4) Rehearse out loud until you feel 'conversationally comfortable' about your material, as well as secure in the knowledge that it is ‘all there’. It’s a very comfortable feeling when you know you can trust your unconscious mind to deliver. (This doesn’t mean you can’t have your notes handy just in case!) Remember that rehearsing out loud can feel artificial - it’s actually much more natural to present to an audience.5) Take care of the ‘self management’ side of things. If you feel overly nervous, or have had unpleasant experiences presenting before, consider getting an audio programme which helps you relax properly and prepare mentally for your presentation. Once the ‘back part’ of your mind has a good template for how you want things to go, it’s much easier to present well. As I mentioned before, our Self Confidence Trainer has exercises and techniques specially for this. If you just want to relax, check out this relaxation tape.10 More Tips and Ideas for Great Public Speaking1) Use eye contact with each member of the audience in turn.2) Remember that some people get nervous in audiences too. Put them at their ease.3) Use visual aids where useful. People like to look at things. Flip charts, overhead projectors and video can all be used to make the presentation more memorable. Too much detail or overly technical information might not be best presented in a visual way however. Keep visuals simple. If you don’t have the use of visuals remember that ‘words paint pictures in the mind.’4) Consider giving handouts to your audience members. It gives them something to take away and it might be a memory prompt for them when recalling your speech. They can also feel as if you have given them something ‘for free’. Too much written material may be off-putting however and you don’t want everyone reading during your presentation, so choose carefully when you give them out.5) Again, remember that the audience has a responsibility too!6) Don’t think “How can I survive this?”, think “How can I do this brilliantly?” !7) Remember that, as with all things, you need to know where you’re going if you’re going to get there. Rather than “I hope I don’t panic”, work out how you would like things to be.8) Vary your voice tonality and speed during your presentation. Convey energy when you need to, and slow down to ‘draw them in close’ when it’s appropriate.9) Repeat the exercise earlier in this section until the thought of public speaking starts to actually let you relax. If you need more help with this see our Self Confidence Trainer. Remember the World needs good communication and if a natural born coward like me can do it you certainly can! :-)10) Read a good book on excellent presenting. One I use personally is ‘Inspire any Audience’ by Tony Jeary. As I mentioned above, it makes for fun and compelling reading, is really well laid out and it motivates you to present excellently.Using humour (oh, in the U.S., be sure and use humor ;-) The use of humour in presentations can help fix an idea in peoples’ minds as well as illuminating unexpected perspectives. But it has to be done in an (apparently) spontaneous way.If people remain silent in response to one of my little gems (very rare of course ;-) I may comment on the silence itself, which often gets a chuckle.If you appear terrified when making a joke the audience may not respond as they would when you are relaxed because you are sending mixed signals: Your words say “I am being creative and funny” but Your voice tone, body posture and other unconscious signals say “I am terrified!” and people rely much more on these unconscious elements of your communication.Overall, I think humour is worth the risk because it makes a presentation more interesting and it’s a wonderful feeling when you make an audience roar with laughter!Final tip: public speaking CAN be fun!It’s possible for public speaking to be fun and hugely satisfying. Once you’ve enjoyed a presentation, or even part of it, your self confidence will get a huge boost and you'll be off and running! Give yourself the best chance by using the exercises and tips on this page. Good luck!Article by Mark Tyrrell--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Carbon Copy Content DisclaimerUncommon Knowledge Ltd. authorizes limited consent to post Uncommon Knowledge’s PDF downloadable documents on website properties not owned by Uncommon Knowledge provided the document remains in an unaltered state and a precise replica of the original.Copyright © 2003 Uncommon Knowledge Ltd. All rights reserved.。

对演讲的建议和意见英语作文英文回答：Tips and Feedback for Public Speaking.1. Know your audience. Who are you speaking to? What are their interests and knowledge level? Tailor your speech accordingly.2. Have a clear structure. Begin with an engaging introduction that grabs your audience's attention. State your main points clearly and provide supporting evidence. End with a strong conclusion that summarizes your key messages and leaves a lasting impression.3. Practice, practice, practice. The more you rehearse your speech, the more confident and polished you will appear. Practice in front of a mirror or with a supportive friend or family member.4. Use visuals. PowerPoint slides, charts, or other visuals can help illustrate your points and engage your audience. However, be selective and use them sparingly to avoid overwhelming your audience.5. Engage your audience. Ask questions, encourage participation, and respond to feedback. Maintain eye contact with your audience and use body language to convey enthusiasm and credibility.6. Manage your nerves. Everyone gets nervous before a speech, but you can manage your nerves by practicing deep breathing, visualizing success, and staying hydrated.7. Be yourself. Don't try to be someone you're not. Authenticity will help you connect with your audience and make your speech more impactful.8. Seek feedback. Ask for constructive criticism from trusted sources. This will help you identify areas for improvement and enhance your future speeches.中文回答：演讲建议和意见。

Public speaking 英语演讲∙Definition: Public speaking is an important skill,not only for academic life, but also for life in theworkplace.∙Websites for public speaking: t his is the main website for NFL, (National Forensic League. It is an organization that governs debating in the U. S.) this website has audio files and/or text of the 100 most famous American speeches given in the modern era, one of which is “I have a Dream” by Martin Luther King.∙The types of speeches:∙Impromptu speeches: students will make a 3 minute speech on a variety of topics in which they have only two minutes of preparation. Impromptuspeeches don‟t use visual aids or note cards.∙Dramatic interpretation, poetry interpretation, prose interpretation, or humorous speeches: Students will select a passage from a piece of literature,memorize it, and then give a brief introduction to it and dramatically recite itfrom memory in front of the class. (5 to 8 minutes)∙Original oratory: Students will research and write a speech on a topic of their choosing, and memorize it. Notes: many orations deal with a currentproblem and propose a solution, and yet, this is not the only acceptable formof oratory. Your oration may simply alert the audience to a threateningdanger, strengthen its devotion to an accepted cause, or eulogize a person. Anorator is given free choice of subject and judged solely on the effectivenessof development and presentation.∙Oral Presentation RubricHere are some of the things that you should keep in mind when giving oral presentations and speeches. Teachers use many of the following criteria to evaluate your speeches. Please note that some of the following items don‟t pertain to certain types of speechesDelivery:This section assesses how well the presentation is “delivered.”It includes the following areas:∙Speech style: What style of delivery does the speaker employ: does he or she read his presentation from a script or does he or she use note cards or anoutline as a memory prompt and then speak extemporaneously, or does he orshe speak solely from memory? The scripted style is more accurate but notvery dynamic or engaging. The extemporaneous style is more flexible andmore dynamic but can result in errors from a faulty memory. Thememorized speech is the most flexible, but also the most prone to committingerrors.∙Eye contact: Does the presenter establish eye contact with the audience throughout his/her presentation? Good eye contact can help to establish agood rapport with the audience and keep their attention focused on thespeaker.∙Voice Quality: This includes the volume of the spea ker‟s voice, how well the speaker projects his or her voice, and the tone and pitch of the speaker‟svoice.∙Non-verbal gestures: Speakers communicate not only with the words they speak, but also with their bodies and their gestures. Hand gestures, facialgestures, and body posture are some of the things that can enhance apresentation or detract from it if not used effectively.∙Repetition: Does the speaker repeat words, phrases to excess? Some key concepts or key vocabulary items in a presentation are worthy of repetition;other times, nervous speakers tend to be overly repetitious, which causes thepresentation to drag and become tedious. Also, does the speaker use “vocalpauses” excessively?Vocal pauses are words or phrases such as “um,”“uh,” “okay,” “all right,” “you know,” and the ubiquitous “like” that thespeaker unconsciously uses to fill in any pauses in his or her presentation).∙Interactivity: Does the presenter attempt to include his audience by asking questions, making them perform exercises, or discussing? Most forms ofdebate have little if any interactivity in them.∙Length: Is the presentation of appropriate length? Overly long presentations or presentations that are tooShort may adversely affect the quality of the presentation.English ability:This section assesses the speaker‟s English ability during the presentation:∙Pronunciation: This assesses both a speaker‟s “accent” as well as his or her ability to pronounce English words correctly and apply appropriatestress. Ac cent refers to how much a speaker‟s first language interferes withhis or pronunciation of English sounds (e.g. …th‟ sounds, …l and n‟ sounds, …r‟sounds, etc.)∙Oral fluency: This assesses the rhythm and rate of the speaker‟s English. Does the presenter speak too slowly or too rapidly?∙English Grammar: Does the speaker have a command of Englishgrammar? Does the speaker make many mistakes in syntax or morphology?(e.g. misuse of the articles …the‟ …a‟ and …an‟, misuse of non-count nouns (e.g.“many informations” or “stuffs”), or lack of agreement (e.g. “Everybodyturned in their test.”)∙Vocabulary: Does the speaker have a broad range of English vocabulary in his or her lexicon? Does he or she use these words accurately?∙Overall intelligibility: Is the speaker comprehensible? This refers to how a presenter‟s pronunciation, oral fluency, and use of English grammar combineto make him or her understandable to his or her audience.Use of Materials: This section applies to how well the presenter uses materials and visual aids to enhance his or her presentation. In most instances, visual aids are extremely valuable at reinforcing what the speaker says. Naturally, in some types of speeches, the speaker is not allowed to use visual aids (e.g. impromptu speeches, original oratory, and policy debates).∙Visual Aids: Does the presenter use handouts, visual aids (e.g. the blackboard, posters, photos, etc.), and/or other devises (e.g. computer, tape-recorder,PowerPoint, realia1) to improve the quality of the presentation?∙Accuracy and relevance of materials: Is the information accurate and relevant to his or her topic?∙Use of articles: Does the presenter give the audience a useful article that contains information relevant to his or her presentation?∙Future use of the materials given to the audience: Are the materials user-friendly so that the audience can use them at a future date? I.e. does theauthor explain and describe his terms or does he or she just give the audiencean outline of the presentation and expect them to fill in the outline with theirown notes?Content: Is the presentation informative and relevant to the topic? Content is assessed in the following ways:∙Accuracy: Is the information accurate?∙Relevance: Is the information relevant to the speaker‟s assigned topic?∙Support: Does the speaker support his main points with facts, statistics, examples, quotations, or anecdotes?∙Weight of content: Does the presenter spend the most time on the most important parts or does he or she get bogged down in less important parts ofthe presentation? This is more important in a longer presentation and in agroup presentation.∙Overall Quality of the content: At the end of the presentation, has the audience learned a lot about your topic? Have you taught the audienceanything that is informational, useful, and relevant?Organization of Ideas: Is the content well organized and does it flow smoothly from one idea to the next? Are the main points ordered in order of importance or chronologically?∙Attention-grabbing introduction: Does the speaker begin with some kind of attention-grabbing question, anecdote, example, fact, or statistic?∙Tell-tell-tell structure: Does the speaker repeat the main idea of the speech three times? First, he should introduce his thesis in the introduction, thenreinforce it in the body of his speech, and finally re-phrase it in hisconclusion.∙Three main points: The speaker should give three main points that support his thesis. Each main point should be explained and then supported with facts,statistics, examples, quotations, or anecdotes.∙Transitions: Does the speaker use transitions to smoothly connect his ideas. Transitions can be organizational connectors (e.g. First of all,Secondly, My final point is…, In conclusion, et c.) or logical connectors (e.g.On the other hand, In contrast, In addition to, Consequently, Therefore, etc.)Here are five general tips for a successful speech:1. Practice, practice, practice! If you are giving a prepared speech, then you need to practice your speech frequently. First, practice by yourself or in front of a mirror. Then practice your speech in front of a parent or friend (and have them time your speech). Finally, give a dress rehearsal using all of your visual aids. Even if you are giving an impromptu speech, you can practice various topics on your own or in front of friends.2. Try to relax before giving the speech. I know that this is easier said thandone. Most speakers get very anxious before speaking, but remember that it‟s no big deal—it‟s only a speech and everyone gets nervous before giving a speech. One thing that you can do is to repeat the following relaxation technique three times: take a deep breath through your nose and then exhale it slowly through your mouth. Try it,you‟ll feel better!3. Don’t talk too fast when delivering your speech. If you slow your rate of speech down, you can accomplish several things:1) You can reduce the number of vocal pauses in your speech (e.g. “uh”, “um”, “okay”, “you know”)2) It gives you time to think ahead so that you know what to say next3) It makes your speech seem more relaxed and fluent** Don‟t slow down too much or it will sound awkward and unnatural4. If you make a mistake, don’t draw attention to it. Don‟t stop your s peech to correct your mistake, apologize for it, or draw attention to your mistake. Just try to continue on with your speech as if nothing happened. Chances are, no one noticed your mistake anyway.5. Look outwardly confident and enthusiastic. Even if you feel nervous and depressed on the inside, try to look confident and enthusiastic on theoutside. Remember that when you give a speech, you‟re kind of like an actor—so …act‟ confident.People will be able to enjoy your speech if they think that you are enjoying your speech. If they see that you are excessively nervous and uncomfortable, they will also feel nervous and uncomfortable.Example Impromptu topics:∙You are an ant. Convince an anteater to not eat you.∙Explain three different ways to eat an Oreo cookie.∙Tell us about a nickname you have and how you got it.∙Convince us to vote for you as president of the USA.∙Explain three uses for a pencil besides for writing.∙Read us a letter you might write home when you are staying at a circus training summer camp.∙Tell us about your summer plans.∙Convince us that homework is harmful to your health.∙Tell us about your favorite pet and why it should win the Greatest Pet Ever award.∙If you were an animal, what would you be?∙You are a salesperson trying to sell us the shirt you have on.∙Explain how a smart person might not be wise.∙If you were the teacher, how would our class be different?∙Tell us about the hardest thing you have ever done.∙You are a mad scientist. Tell us about your latest invention.∙You are a famous sports player. Describe your best moment of a game.∙You are a famous rock star. Explain what the lyrics of your latest hit song mean.∙Tell us about the best job.∙Explain the benefits of drinking milk.∙Tell us how to become a millionaire.∙Tell us about the best dream you've ever had.∙Create a myth that explains why pelicans have large beaks.∙Tell us how to make a new friend.∙Tell us about the most fun recess activity.∙Tell us about your favorite holiday.∙Tell us how to make your favorite meal.∙Explain which came first: the chicken or the egg.∙Explain the rules to your favorite game.∙If everything in the world had to change to the same color, what color would you choose and why?∙Explain how you would use a hat to catch butterflies. Be sure to∙Identify the type of hat that is required.∙You are a piece of paper. Describe how we should use you before you get recycled.∙Explain how to make a pizza.∙Explain four uses for a drinking glass other than for holding a liquid.∙Convince our principal to give students their birthdays off of school.∙Describe how you would modify a snail so it can go faster.∙Explain the best way to teach an old dog a new trick.∙Describe the life cycle of a frog or butterfly.Quotations used for Impromptu Speeches“Before God we are all equally wise—and equally foolish.”--Albert Einstein“I never think of the future—it comes soon enough.”--Albert Einstein“Imagination is more important than knowledge.”--Albert Einstein“The important thing is not to stop questioning.”--Albert Einstein“Truth is what stands the test of experience.”--Albert Einstein“A friend is a second self.”--Aristotle“A flatterer is a friend who is your inferior, or who pretends to be so.”--Aristotle“Happiness depends upon ourselves.”--Aristotle“It is in justice that the ordering of society is centered.”--Aristotle“It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it.”--Aristotle“Law is mind without reason.”--Aristotle“Poverty is the parent of revolution and crime.”--Aristotle“We are what we repeatedly do.”--Aristotle“Misfortune shows those who are not really friends.”--Aristotle“Man is by nature a political animal”--Aristotle“A joke is a very serious thing.”--Winston Churchill“History will be kind to me for I intend to write it.”--Winston Churchill“The price of greatness is responsibility.”--Winston Churchill“Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.”--Winston Churchill“When the eagles are silent, the parrots begin to jabber.”--Winston Churchill“A lie can travel halfway around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes.”--Mark Twain“Always do right.This will gratify some people and astonish the rest.”--Mark Twain“Clothes make the man.Naked people have little or no influence on society.”--Mark Twain“I have never let my schooling interfere with my education.”--Mark Twain“I am not young enough to know everything.”--Oscar WildeMorality, like art, means drawi ng a line someplace.”--Oscar Wilde“An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind.”--Mahatma Gandhi“Forget injuries, never forget kindness.”--Confucius“I hear and I forget. I see and I remember.I do and I understand.”--Confucius“Respect yourself and others will respect you.”--Confucius“Wheresoever you go, go with all your heart.”--Confucius“Be not ashamed of mistakes and thus make them crimes.”--Confucius“Everything has its beauty, but not everyone sees it.”--Confucius“We are always in our own company.”--Nietzsche“What does not destroy me, makes me stronger.”--Nietzsche“Rather than love, than money, than fame, give me truth.”-- Henry David Thoreau“Men are born to succeed, not fail.”-- Henry David Thoreau“Men have become the tools of their tools.”--Henry David Thoreau“Colleges hate geniuses, just as convents hate saints.”--Ralph Waldo Emerson“Insist on yourself; never imitate…Every great man is unique.”--Ralph Waldo Emerson“A friend is one before whom I may think aloud.”--Ralph Waldo Emerson“An investment in knowledge always pays the best interest.”--Benjamin Franklin“Be slow in choosing a friend, slower in changing.”--Benjamin Franklin“Early to bed and early to rise makes a men healthy, wealthy, and wise.”--Benjamin Franklin“Energy and persistence conquer all things.”--Benjamin Franklin“Employ thy time well, if thou meanest to get leisure.”--Benjamin Franklin。

如何在公众面前讲话英语作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。

文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copy excerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!When you speak in public, it's important to be confident. You should speak clearly and loudly so that everyone can hear you. Don't be afraid to make mistakes, just keep going.Another thing to remember is to be yourself. Don't try to be someone else or use big words that you don't really understand. Just talk like you normally would.It can also be helpful to have a plan or an outline of what you want to say. This will help you stay organized and on track.And finally, practice makes perfect! The more you speak in public, the better you'll get at it. So don't be afraid to take every opportunity to speak up.。

英语作文公共演讲合理使用肢体语言全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Public speaking is a crucial skill that many people strive to master. The ability to effectively communicate one's message in front of an audience is essential in a variety of contexts, from business presentations to social gatherings. While the content of a speech is obviously of utmost importance, the delivery of that content is also critical. One aspect of delivery that is often overlooked but can greatly enhance a speaker's performance is the use of body language.Body language, or nonverbal communication, plays a significant role in how a message is received by an audience. Studies have shown that up to 55% of communication is nonverbal, meaning that how a speaker presents themselves physically can have a major impact on the effectiveness of their speech. Therefore, it is important for speakers to be mindful of their body language and to use it to their advantage.One of the most important aspects of using body language effectively in public speaking is maintaining good posture.Standing up straight with shoulders back conveys confidence and authority, whereas slouching or hunching over can make a speaker appear insecure or unprofessional. Additionally, making eye contact with the audience and using hand gestures to emphasize key points can help to engage listeners and keep them interested in the speech.Another important aspect of using body language in public speaking is facial expressions. Smiling can help to create a positive rapport with the audience and convey warmth and approachability. On the other hand, frowning or scowling can create a negative impression and make listeners less receptive to the speaker's message. Therefore, it is important for speakers to be aware of their facial expressions and to use them to enhance their delivery.In addition to posture and facial expressions, movement can also play a role in effective public speaking. Walking around the stage or moving throughout the audience can help to command attention and keep listeners engaged. However, it is important for speakers to strike a balance and not to move too much, as excessive movement can be distracting and detract from the message.Overall, the use of body language in public speaking is a powerful tool that can greatly enhance the effectiveness of a speech. By maintaining good posture, using facial expressions, and incorporating movement into their delivery, speakers can create a strong connection with their audience and make their message more compelling and persuasive. Therefore, it is important for anyone looking to improve their public speaking skills to pay attention to their body language and to practice using it effectively. So, let's strive together to master this skill and become more effective and engaging speakers.篇2Public speaking is an essential skill that can greatly benefit individuals in various aspects of their lives, such as career advancement, networking, and personal growth. While mastering the content of a speech is crucial, the use of body language can also significantly enhance the effectiveness of a presentation. In this essay, we will explore the importance of utilizing body language in public speaking and discuss some tips for using it effectively.First and foremost, body language plays a vital role in communication. Studies have shown that nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions, gestures, and posture, can convey moremeaning than words alone. By incorporating appropriate body language into a speech, a speaker can engage the audience, emphasize key points, and establish a connection with listeners. For example, maintaining eye contact with the audience can demonstrate confidence and credibility, while using hand gestures can help to illustrate concepts and keep the audience’s attention.Furthermore, body language can help to convey emotions and create a more dynamic and engaging presentation. By using facial expressions and gestures, a speaker can express enthusiasm, convey passion, and evoke emotions in the audience. This can make the speech more memorable and impactful, as listeners are more likely to be moved by a speaker who displays genuine emotion and conviction.In addition, body language can help to reinforce the message of a speech and make it more persuasive. Research has shown that body language can influence how a message is perceived by the audience. By aligning one’s verbal and nonverbal communication, a speaker can enhance the clarity and impact of their message. For example, using open and confident body language can help to establish trust and credibility, while using mirroring techniques can create rapport with the audience.To use body language effectively in public speaking, it is important to be mindful of your gestures, facial expressions, and posture. Here are some tips for incorporating body language into your speeches:1. Maintain good posture: Stand tall, with your shoulders back and your head held high. This will convey confidence and authority to the audience.2. Make eye contact: Look directly at the audience members and make eye contact with individuals throughout your speech. This will help to establish a connection and keep the audience engaged.3. Use hand gestures: Use natural and purposeful hand gestures to emphasize key points and add visual interest to your speech. Avoid excessive or distracting movements.4. Smile and use facial expressions: Smile genuinely and use facial expressions to convey emotions and engage the audience. Expressiveness can help to make your speech more engaging and relatable.5. Be mindful of your body language: Pay attention to your body language and make adjustments as needed to convey theappropriate tone and message. Practice in front of a mirror or record yourself to analyze your nonverbal cues.In conclusion, body language is a powerful tool that can enhance the effectiveness of public speaking. By using appropriate gestures, facial expressions, and posture, a speaker can engage the audience, convey emotions, and reinforce the message of their speech. By incorporating body language into your presentations and practicing effective techniques, you can become a more confident and compelling speaker.篇3Title: The Importance of Using Body Language Effectively in Public SpeakingIntroductionPublic speaking is a powerful tool that can enhance one's ability to communicate effectively with others. It allows individuals to share their ideas, thoughts, and perspectives on various topics. One key aspect of successful public speaking is the use of body language, as it can greatly enhance the message being delivered and ensure that the audience remains engaged throughout the presentation.Body Language and CommunicationBody language, also known as nonverbal communication, plays a significant role in how a message is perceived by the audience. It includes gestures, facial expressions, posture, and eye contact, among other nonverbal cues. Research has shown that body language can account for more than 50% of a speaker's message, making it a crucial factor in successful communication.Effective Use of Body LanguageTo ensure that body language enhances rather than distracts from the message being delivered, speakers should be mindful of the following tips:1. Use gestures to emphasize key points: Gestures can help to underscore important points and make the message more memorable to the audience. However, gestures should be natural and not overdone, as excessive movements can be distracting.2. Maintain eye contact: Eye contact is a powerful form of nonverbal communication that signals confidence and engagement. By making eye contact with the audience, speakers can establish a connection and convey sincerity.3. Pay attention to posture: Good posture conveys confidence and professionalism. Speakers should stand tall, with shoulders back and head held high, to project a sense of authority and credibility.4. Smile and use facial expressions: Smiling and using facial expressions can help to create a positive atmosphere and engage the audience. Expressive facial gestures can also convey emotions and add depth to the message being delivered.5. Use movement purposefully: Moving around the stage can help to keep the audience's attention and add energy to the presentation. However, movement should be purposeful and coordinated with the content being delivered.The Impact of Body Language on Public SpeakingEffective use of body language can greatly enhance the impact of a public speech. It can help to establish rapport with the audience, create a connection, and convey confidence and authority. Additionally, body language can help to reinforce key points, clarify complex ideas, and engage the audience on a deeper level.ConclusionIn conclusion, body language is a powerful tool that can greatly enhance the effectiveness of public speaking. By using gestures, maintaining eye contact, paying attention to posture, and using facial expressions purposefully, speakers can ensure that their message is communicated clearly and effectively. Ultimately, mastering the art of body language can help speakers to connect with their audience, build credibility, and deliver impactful presentations.。