下载文档原格式
中学《教育知识与能力》模块六中学生心理辅导授课材料1.中学生心理健康与标准考纲了解心理健康的标准熟悉中学生常见的心理健康问题——包括抑郁症、恐怖症、焦虑症、强迫症、网络成瘾等理解心理辅导的主要方法——包括强化法、系统脱敏法、认知疗法、来访者中心疗法、理性-情绪疗法等1.心理健康的基本概念心理健康是指个体在各种环境中能保持一种良好的心理效能状态，并在与不断变化的外界环境相互作用中，不断调整自己的内部心理结构，达到与环境的平衡与协调，并不断提高心理发展水平，完善人格特质。
2.心理健康的标准国外的心理健康标准1946年第三届国际心理卫生大会美国心理健康协会马斯洛和米特尔曼罗杰斯国内的心理健康标准《心理学百科全书》台湾学者张春兴大陆学者郑日昌大陆学者刘华山台湾学者黄坚厚大陆学者王极盛大陆学者王登峰、张伯源大陆学者崔美乐心理健康标准智力正常意志品质健全自我意识完善社会适应良好情绪稳定人格稳定协调人际关系和谐心理特点符合年龄特征中学生心理健康标准代表人物：林崇德陈钟舜陈家麟1. 认知能力发展正常，智力水平在正常值以上2. 情绪稳定，乐观，心情愉快、对学校生活有兴趣3. 意志健全，有较强的行动的自觉性，果断性，顽强性和自制力4. 自我观念正确，具有健全统一的个性、对自己有信心5. 和谐的人际关系，喜欢与人交往6. 较强的适应能力心理正常心理异常心理健康心理不健康神经症，癔症病等。
心理和谐者一般心理问题，严重心理问题，神经症性心理问题。
心理辅导、心理咨询。
心理治疗、药理解时应该注意：兼顾内外相对性状态过程2.中学生常见心理问题•考纲熟悉中学生常见的心理健康问题，包括抑郁症、恐怖症、焦虑症、强迫症、网络成瘾等。
中学生发展性心理问题一、自我概念发展问题自我意识发展的重要时期。
二、人际交往问题1.交往的主动性不足2.人际间的亲密性和信任度不高，缺乏真诚的沟通3.异性交往存在困扰4.与父母、教师缺乏相互理解和平等交往三、学业发展问题1.学习动力问题2.学习能力问题中学生的障碍性问题抑郁症焦虑症强迫症恐惧症网络成瘾抑郁症抑郁症是以持久的心境低落为特征的神经症。
第一讲 平行线的判定及性质【课程导航】1. 两条不同的直线，若它们只有一个交点，就可以说它们相交，即两直线相交有且只有一个交点.2. 垂直是相交的特殊情况，关于垂直有两个重要的结论： ⑴过一点有且只有一条直线与已知直线垂直；⑵直线外一点与直线上所有点连成的线段中，垂直线段最短. 3. 在同一平面内，不相交的两条直线称为平行线。
关于平行线，应理解平行公理，即过直线外一点，有且只有一条直线与已知直线平行.4. 两条直线被第三条直线所截，得到八个角，其中有四对同位角，两对内错角，两对同旁内角，这就是“三线八角”.5. 在同一平面内，不重合直线的位置关系是相交或平行.【锦囊妙计】1.能熟练地找出图形中的三线八角.2.运用平行线的性质定理： ⑴两直线平行，同位角相等； ⑵两直线平行，内错角相等； ⑶两直线平行，同旁内角互补；⑷如果一条直线和两条平行线中的一条垂直，那么它和另一条也垂直. 3.运用平行线的判定定理： ⑴同位角相等，两直线平行； ⑵内错角相等，两直线平行； ⑶同旁内角互补，两直线平行；⑷在同一平面内，平行于同一直线的两条直线平行； ⑸在同一平面内，垂直于同一条直线的两条直线平行.【典型例题】例1．已知：如图，∠BED ＝85°，∠B ＝35°，∠D ＝50°，求证：AB ∥CD ．思路点拨：过点E 作EF ∥AB ，则∠BEF ＝∠B ＝35°，易得∠FED ＝50°，所以∠FED ＝∠D ，即可证明EF ∥CD ，则AB ∥CD .解答：证明：过点E 作EF ∥AB ，∴∠BEF ＝∠B ＝35°（两直线平行，内错角相等）， ∵∠BED ＝85°，∠D ＝50°，∴∠FED ＝50°，∴∠FED ＝∠D ＝50°，∴EF ∥CD （内错角相等，两直线平行），∴AB ∥CD （同一平面内，平行于同一直线的两直线平行）．点评：此题考查平行线的判定和性质：两直线平行，内错角相等；内错角相等，两直线平行；同一平面内，平行于同一直线的两直线平行．要灵活应用．例2．如图，∠AEM ＝∠DGN ,∠1＝∠2,证明EF ∥GH .思路点拨：证明两条直线平行，需找同位角或内错角相等或同旁内角互补，想办法将题目中的相等角转化成我们需要的角即可。
上海超宇进修学校2016春季班七年级英语讲义No. 6U2L3GrammerI. as...as... not as/so...as...Model: maths/important/EnglishMaths is as important as English. Maths is not as important as English.1 New York / famous / Washington D.C.2 foreign languages/ useful/ computers3 Tom / study hard / Jack4 My cousin / spend uch money / my auntII. Rewrite the sentences.Model: Rome isn’t as old as Athens. Athens is elder than Rome.1 Your room isn’t as big as mine.2 You didn’t get up as early as me.3 They didn’t play as well as us.4 I’ve not been here as long as you.5 He isn’t as nervous as her.VocabularyI. Choose the best answer.( )1 The former US President Reagan died June 5 afternoon at the age of93.A inB atC on D/( )2 I can’t draw pictures well. Li Hua cant’t, .A neitherB eitherC tooD also ( )A WhenB What timeC How longD How often ( )4 I prefer to go shiopping with a friend, because I find it hard to make a decision .A IB meC myD myself ( )5 Julia has read Alice.A many books asB as much book asC books as much asD as many books as( )6 Mike doesn’t work Tom.A as hardly asB as hard asC as harder asD as more hardly as( )7 The old man didn’t wok so as the young man. He walked than the young man.A fast, slowlyB faster, more slowlyC faster, slowlyD fast, more slowly ( )8 The child go to school on Sunday.A nesn’t need toB needn’t toC don’t need toD doesn’t need( )9 Eceryone hear the news yesterday afternoon.A were surprised toB was surprised toC is surprised atD surprised at ( )10 Jenny asked me the window as it is very cold outside.A to not openB not to openC don’t openD not openII. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.1 she agreed with what I said. (final)2 Peter wants to go to a camp to lose weight. (fit)3 sports are good to health. (athlete)4 He made a decision. (surprise)5 He met a lot of kids like him there.(weight)6 Do you know the of healthy diet? (important)7 His pen-friend will come to see me on the of May. (twenty)8 My hobby is reading comic books. What about ?(you)III. Rewrite the sentences as required.1 Linda has to stay in bed because of her illness. (反义疑问句)Linda has to stay in bed because of her illness，？2 Tom sings the best in our class. (保持句意不变)Tom sings than any other in our classs?3 Tom can jump 1.78 metres high. Mary can jump 1.60metres high. (合并为一句) Mary jump as as Tom.4 John is a boy of eight years old. (保持句意不变)John is boy.5 Peter didn’t go to the museum. He stayed in and did his homework. (合并为一句) Peter stayed in and did his homework to the museum.6The twins have played for two hours. (对划线部分提问)have the twins played?ReadingA. Choose the best answer.New York,London,Paris and other big cities are exciting place to live in.There are many interesting things to see and to do.You can go to different kinds of museums,plays and films.You can also go shopping to buy things from all over the world.But there are big problems in big cities,too.The cost(费用) of living is high,and there are too many people in big cities.Every year many people go to the cities because there are some chances(机会) to find jobs,to study at good schools,but sometimes these people cannot find work or good place to live in.And also,it's not safe and clean when there are too many people in a small place.Some people like living in big cities,others do not.Before people go to a bigcity,they should think about the problems of living there.( ) 1 In big cities people can do all of the following Except _____.A.go to different kinds of museumsB. seeing many kinds of plays and filmsC. buying things from all over the worldD. living there with little money( ) 2 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Big cities are not clean and safe enough.B. People can easily find good places to live in big cities.C. People can always find work to do in big cities.D. All people like to live in big cities.( ) 3 From the passage we know that _____.A. People in big cities are usually very dirtyB. Paris is an exciting place for people to live inC. people will no longer like living in big citiesD. big cities don't have serious problems( ) 4 In this passage the writer thinks it is right for people _____.A. to move to big citiesB. not to move to big citiesC. to move to big cities without thinking of any problemsD. to move to big cities after they think over the problems of living there ( ) 5 Which is the best title for this passage?A.Big citiesB. Interesting Things in Big CitiesC. Good Schools in Big CitiesD. New York, London and ParisB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.That day was like any other day in his life. After school, Michael walked past the shoe shop in the street corner. He stopped to 1 the front row of shoes, and he felt sorry for himself. He really wanted to have apair of shoes for his birthday.He walked away sadly. He knew mother would give him 2 if she could. But he also knew very well she had little money. He decided not to go home 3 , as he looked worried and his mother would notice (注意到) it. So he went to the park and sat down on the grass. Then he saw a boy in a wheelchair(轮椅). He noticed that the boy moved the wheels with his hands. Michael looked at him carefully and felt very 4 to see that the boy had no feet. He looked down at his own feet. "It is 5 better to be without shoes than without feet." he thought. There was no reason for him to 6 so sad. He went away and smiled, thinking he was much luckier in his life.( ) 1. A. look for B. look at C. look after D. look like( ) 2. A. something B. Somewhere C. nothing D. anything( )3.A. at once B. then C. just now D. at all( ) 4. A.pleased B. excited C. surprised D. interested( ) 5. A. much B. still C. even D. less( )6.A. look B.feel C. appear D. seemC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.Welcome to 2012 Summer Camp2012 Summer Camp o 1 between 9:30 a.m. And 11:30 a.m. From July 20th to J 2 30th. All children aged 7-14 are welcomed. Each child can’t take part in only one of the following a 3 and needs to pay RMB150.1 Sports (basketball, fooltball, table tennis, etc)2 Internet groups (painting, singing, dancing, piano, computer,etc)3 English World (songs, films,games, plays,etc)Some American children are coming to the camp. If you r 4 want to spend an interesting summmer holiday, please join us for learning with fun. Act now! Book your place as soom as possible either by phone or by e-mail. P 5 before July 18th, then you can have a Mickey T-shirt as a m 6 of the camp.Address: Nanfang Children’s Palace: No. 23, Dongshan Street, Binhai CityTelephone: 83212563E-mail: dsbc2004 @1 o2 J3 a 4r 5 P 6 mD. Answer the questions.My grandmother lives in London by herself, but she doesn’t feel lonely. She has got a black and white cat called Jack.Granny thinks that Jack is wonderful because he can do the same as Granny does. For example, if she does something, Jack will do the same. When Granny washes herself he will wash himself, too. One day, to Granny’s great surprise, she found that when she was talking to herself, Jack opened his mouth just like someone is talking to himself. This gave Granny an idea. Granny thought, “I’ll give Jack the same food as I have myself. I’m sure that will help him to speak.” And very soon that cat was sitting on a chair at the table and eating bread and butter (黄油)，fish and Christmas cake, together with Granny. Last Saturday when I went to my grandmother’s. I saw Jack drinking coffee and smoking a cigarette in the living room. Both Granny and Jack were enjoying themselves very much. Granny was very pleased to see me. She said to me proudly (自豪地) that her Jack had learned to smoke and she was sure that some day he would be able to speak. It’s surpring. Can you believe it?1 Where does the writer’s grandmother live by herself?2 Why does Granny like the cat very much?3 What surprised Granny one day?4 What was Jack doing when the writer went to the Granny’s?5 Granny isn’t always proud of Jack, is she?Writing.1 Is your mother overweight?2 Does she need to lose weight?3 What does she usually do at home?4 Does she do a lot of exercises every day?5 Is she fond of working for the public?。
第六讲逻辑推理和迎春杯竞赛中常用数学方法逻辑推理基础问题1．有些问题的解答不需要很多的计算，而是运用逻辑推理知识，通过分析推理而解决．这类主要依靠推理来解的数学问题叫做逻辑推理问题，又称为分析推理问题．2．分析推理问题是由众多条件组成的判断性问题．要将许许多多、真真假假的表面现象通过去伪存真的层层剖析推理，获得问题的解决，而不是靠四则运算去求得结果．3．推理要有前提，从正确的前提出发，才能得出正确的结论，它前后一致，不会自相矛盾；从错误的前提出发，会得出错误的结论，它前后不一致，会自相矛盾．因此，如何选择前提是至关重要的一步．分析推理与反证法结合使用会收到较好的效果．4．解答分析推理问题可采用枚举法、筛选法、假设法等推理论证方法．在推理过程中，为了理出头绪，列图表是可行的方法．除此之外，还需要掌握一些简单的逻辑知识，比如“矛盾律”、“排中律”等．“矛盾律”指的是在同一论证过程中，对同一对象的两个互相矛盾的判断，至少有一个是错误的．“排中律”指的是在同一论证过程中，两件互相对立不可能同时存在的事，如果一件不正确，则另一件必定正确．5．数学的一个基本特点是严格按照定义或运算规律进行计算、推理或证明．因此定义新运算类型的试题逐步在多种试题中出现，这要求我们严格按照新定义作分析推理，以获得问题的解决．6．逻辑思维是数学思维的核心，它对学生掌握数学知识，认识社会有重要的意义．由于逻辑推理能力是中小学生必须具备的三大能力之一，因此从小学着手训练逻辑推理能力是十分必要的，它对创新能力的培养具有积极的作用．在进行逻辑推理时，常用的方法有以下几种：(1)顺推法顺推法就是从已知条件出发，顺着条件进行推理，或假设其提供的某一个线索的条件为真(或为假)，然后导出矛盾，进而得到结论．对“逻辑变化”较少的逻辑问题，顺推法是通常被采用的方法之一，但有时要分析多种情况才能获得正确答案．(2)表格法表格法就是采用列表的方法解逻辑题．这也是经常被采用的方法．在这里，所列出的表格通常称为“逻辑表”．采用列表法解逻辑题并无统一的格式．(3)图示法图示法就是用示意图来解条件较为错综复杂的逻辑推理题．解这一类逻辑题时要将题目中的条件和推理过程用一个简单的图表示出来．它的优点是形象直观，为解答某些题目带来极大的方便．例题1. 10名选手参加象棋比赛，每两名选手之间都要比赛一盘．记分办法是胜一盘得1分，平一盘得0．5分，负一盘得0分，比赛结果是选手们所得分数各不相同．第一名和第二名一盘都没输过，前两名的总分比第三名多l0分，第四名与最后四名得分总和相等，则第三名得分．例题2. 去韩国看世界杯的6位游客A，B，C，D，E，F分别来自北京、天津、上海、扬州、南京和杭州．已知：(1)A和北京人是医生，E和天津人是教师，C和上海人是工程师；(2)A，B，F和扬州人没出过国，而上海人到过韩国；(3)南京人比A岁数大，杭州人比B岁数大，F最年轻；(4)B和北京人一起去光州，C和南京人一起去汉城．则A是人，职业是；B是人，职业是；C是人，职业是；D是人，职业是；E是人，职业是；F是人，职业是．例题3. 某班学生在运动会上，进入前三名的有l0人次，已知获第一名可得9分，获第二名可得5分，获第三名可得2分，其他名次不记分，该班共计得61分，其中获第一名的至多有人次．例题4. 二月份的一个星期日，有三批学生看望老师，这三批学生的人数不等，且没有单独一人看望老师的．这三批学生的人数的积恰好等于这一天的日期数，那么二月一日是星期．例题5. A，B，C，D四个同学猜测他们之中谁被评为三好学生．A说：如果我被评上，那么B也被评上．B说：如果我被评上，那么C也被评上．C说：如果D没被评上，那么我也没被评上．实际上他们四人之中有一人没被评上，并且A，B，C说的都是正确的，可知没被评上三好学生．例题6. A，B，C，D，E五人进行了分胜负的乒乓球单循环比赛，结果是：(1)A胜3场；(2)E胜1场；(3)B，C，D各胜了2场，且他们三人中有1人胜了其他二人；(4)除B外，其他四人相互之间均有胜有负；(5)C胜E．他们五人之间的胜负关系是：A胜，B胜，C胜，D胜，E胜．例题7. 某人射击8枪，命中4枪，命中4枪中恰好有3枪连在一起的情况的种数是．例题8. 四名棋手每两名选手都要比赛一局，规则规定胜一局得2分，平一局得l分，负一局得0分．比赛结果，没有人全胜，并且各人的总分都不相同．那么至多有局平局．例题9. 甲、乙、丙三名运动员囊括了全部比赛项目的前三名，他们的总分分别是8分、7分和17分，甲得了一个第一名，已知各个比赛项目分数相同，且第一名的得分不低于二、三名得分的和，那么比赛共有个项目，甲的每项得分分别是．例题10. 有A，B，C，D四支足球队进行单循环比赛，共要比赛场；全部比赛结束后，A，B两队的总分并列第一名，C队第二名，D队第三名，C队最多得分．例题11.10个队进行循环赛，胜队得2分，负队得1分，无平局．其中有两队并列第一，两队并列第三，有两个队并列第五，以后无并列情况．请计算出各队得分．整体思想所谓整体思想就是从问题的整体性质出发，发现问题及整体结构的特性，从而导出全局总结构和元素的特性．这是数学中常用的解题思想之一．例题12. 用1，2，3，4，5，6，0这七个数码(每个只用一次)组成的七位数中，有多少个是质数?例题13. 已知4×4的数表(如下表)．如果把它的任一行(横行)或一列(竖列)中的所有数同时变号，称为一次变换．试问能否经过有限次变换，使表中的数全变为正数?极端原理【引例】我们先看一个例题：全班30名学生，某同学的数学成绩为77分，另外两名学生的成绩分别为7分和90分，其余学生的成绩为：5个82分，22个78分，全班的平均分是(77+7+90+82 * 5+78* 22)÷30=76．67．单纯地从平均数的角度去评价，该同学的得分高于班级平均分，这个同学的数学成绩在班内处在“中上”水平，其实他是倒数第二名!为什么会产生这样的“认为”，主要是在这个问题中存在着两个“极端”值，如果去掉这两个“极端”值，再从平均数去看这位同学的数学成绩，实际处于班级的下游．这就是教学中的一个极端问题．数学问题的解决方法是多种多样的，其中有一种方法就是考虑问题的极端，即通常所说的利用极端性原理．其特点是：抓住数学问题中数量关系的最大、最小值；平面几何中，点、线的特殊位置等，作为出发点，提出问题中的一种情景，从而使我们较容易地解决问题．在利用极端性原理解决有关数学问题时，往往与“从特殊到一般”、“反证法”等数学方法结合使用．例题14. 一个学生拿着20把钥匙去开20个教室的门，他知道每把钥匙能且只能打开一个教室的门，但不知道哪把钥匙能开哪个教室的门．他最多要试多少次才能打开所有教室的门?例题15. 把1600颗糖分给l00个孩子，那么至少有4个孩子分到的糖一样多，为什么?。
名师堂学校春季班方法讲义之讲义六年级：高二下日期：April 10th一、Focus on 焦点plain complain to sb. Of\ about sth. Complain of doing sth.Eg. Some students, without umbrellas, are all full of complaints about the student rain. She complained to me that he had been rude to herMary is always complaining _______some thing.A.toB. aboutC. withD. in2. apologizeApologize to sb. for (doing) sth.Make an apology to sb. for (doing)sth.3. offerMake an offer ofEg. He offered to lend me some money.They ‘ve ______us $ 150 000 for the house, shall we take it?A.providedB. suppliedC. shownD. offered4. argue argumentArgue\persuade\reason sb into doing sth.\Argue\persuade\reason sb out of doing sth.5. faceBe faced with in (the) face of face to faceEg. the reporter wanted to fix ___________.A. a face to face interviewB. a-face-to –face interviewC. an face to face interviewD. an face-to-face interview6. uncomfortableEg. I’m _____in this chair. I want to change one.fortableB. comfortingC. comfortD. uncomfortable7. tasteTaste goodHave a taste forTo one’s tasteIn good\bad tasteEg. the dish tastes_____________.A.wellB. goodC. nicelyD. sweetly8.,urgeUrge sb to do sth. \ into doing sthUrge that ab (should) do sthHe urged me to go\into going there, but I refused.9. considerConsider doingConsider+ n+ as…Consider+ n+ to be…Eg. ___________his age, he was considered_________well in the play.A. considering ; actingB. considering; to have actedC. considered; actingD. to consider; to act10. stretchStrech\ reachEg. the garden ___down to the lake.A.reachesB. getsC. arrivesD. got11. friendlinessFriendly \ friendshipEg. I’d like to ___with you.A.make friendB. make a friendB.make friendship D. make friends12. celebrate sthCongratulate sb. (on sth)Eg. the press ________his braveness in fighting the thief.A.congratulatedB. celebratedC. congratulationsD. celebration13. tiredBe tired with \ from sth.Be tired of sth.Mr smith ______of the _________speech, started read a novel.A.tired; boringB. tiring; boredC. tired; boredD. tiring; boring名师课堂——关键教方法“点精”英语组教研组14. attractattract one’s attentionEg. the company is starting a new advertising campaign to _______new customers to its stores.A.joinB. attractC. stickD. transfer15. too much \ much tooEg. we always keep ______spare paper, in case we run out.A.too muchB. a number ofC. plenty ofD. a good many16. according toAccord ing to me(×) in one’s opinionEg. Our English teacher asks us to guess the meanings of the unknown words _____the context.A.owing toB. due toC. according toD. look forward to二、Test 测试1.The red lines on the map ______railways.A.expressB. representC. revealD. expose2.He ___to me about the food.A.pretendB. complainedC. regrettedD. complaint3.You must ___the matter out, or you’ll be misunderstood.A.putB. argueC. makeD. take4.I don’t like to go to supermarkets that are __in the centre of the town.A.lieB. locateC. locatedD. lying5.We offered him our congratulations _____his passing the college entrance exam.A.atB. onC. forD. of6.What he said just now ______me of that American professor.A. mentionedB. informedC. remindedD. memorized7. Kennedy jidn’t get up until nine that morning and he arrived at the meeting _____.A. too late muchB. much too lateC. too much lateD. late too much8. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ___going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.A. had consideredB. has been consideringC. consideredD. is going to consider9.The shopkeeper did not want to sell for __he thought was not enough.A. whereB. howC. whenD. which10. ______environmental damage is done , it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.A. Even ifB. if onlyC. whileD. Once 三．语法动词不定式1.动词不定式作主语。
六年级春季第六讲课题：基础“句子三”+阅读《温暖的记忆》+作文“详略及过渡”教学目标：1.复习、掌握关联词语和排列句子的知识；2.掌握记叙文部分考题答题技巧；3.掌握考场作文技巧。
教学难点：掌握关联词语、排列句子考点、阅读答题技巧、作文详略及过渡的知识点。
教学准备：PPT、奖分教学课时：3课时课前准备：15分钟教师课前沟通：提前15分钟到教室，主动向先来的家长和学生了解学生在家、校学习情况；关注学生考勤、作业完成情况；登记上一单元成绩、考试题目、考试时间；了解学生上一单元考试内容，逐个进行简单的点评和分析。
学生课前预习：提前到校区的学生预习新课；或到图书借阅处借阅图书。
第一节课：基础篇——句子（三）（50分钟）第一环节：入课戏——知识热身（5分钟）过渡语：在前面两次课中，我们已经对不少句子知识进行了复习，今天我们将复习句子知识的最后两个知识点——关联词语的使用和句子排序。
首先给大家带来一个乱用关联词语的笑话。
笑话：把下面四句话的内容用关联词连接：张海迪姐姐瘫痪了；2.张海迪姐姐顽强地学习；3.张海迪姐姐学会了多门外语；4.张海迪姐姐学会了针灸。
皮蛋写道：虽然张海迪姐姐顽强地学会了针灸和多门外语，可她还是瘫痪了。
来福写道：张海迪姐姐不但学会了多门外语，还学会了针灸，她那么顽强地学习，终于还是瘫痪了……招财写道：张海迪姐姐之所以瘫痪了，是因为她顽强地学习，不但学会了多门外语，还学会了针灸。
旺财写道：张海迪姐姐是那么顽强地学习，不但学会了多门外语和针灸，最后还学会了瘫痪。
正确答案：张海迪姐姐虽然瘫痪了，但她顽强地学习，不仅学会了多门外语，而且还学会了针灸。
第二环节：考点梳理——正确使用关联词语：（20分钟）过渡语：上面的笑话是由关联词语使用不当引起的，那么，小学阶段，关联词语所表示的关系以及我们需要掌握的关联词语有哪些呢？（ppt7-10）一、正确使用关联词语1.并列关系2.承接关系3.递进关系4.选择关系5.转折关系6.假设关系7.条件关系8.因果关系二、常考题型：1.选择正确的关联词语填空。
