新生儿、婴儿正常脑发育的M R I研究 1关于脑室大小及脑外间隙王晓明 陈丽英 杨洪涛 陈炽贤摘要 目的:揭示发育期小儿脑室及脑外间隙随月龄变化的特征。
材料和方法:选100例2岁以内没有神经系统疾病的小儿,按月龄分7组,在T1W I上测量脑室大小,在加重T2加权像(H T2W I)上测量脑外间隙、外侧裂、纵裂的宽度。
结果:(1)3～6个月时脑室前角指数、尾状核指数分别为0131±0104、0116±0103;(2)婴儿脑外间隙显示双层结构者占5018%,3～6个月时额叶及颞极前方脑外间隙、外侧裂、纵裂宽度分别为3131±1129mm、4125±2.34mm、5148±1.86mm、3138±1.37mm;(3)侧脑室前角形态分三种,蜡烛台形2810%、Y形6710%、平行形510%;新生儿透明隔腔占8313%。
结论:(1)脑室指数中,前角指数和尾状核指数最可靠,是判定脑室大小的依据;(2)新生儿期存在透明隔腔是正常的。
侧脑室前角形态在新生儿期以蜡烛台形为主,婴儿期以Y形为主;(3)脑外间隙在3～6个月时最宽,脑外间隙可分出蛛网膜下腔和硬膜下腔,以前者为主。
关键词 脑室 磁共振成像 婴儿,新生M R i m ag i ng study on nor ma l neona ta l and i nfan t bra i n ma tura tion(Part ):ven tr icular size and extracerebra l space W ang X iao m ing3,Chen L iy ing,Y ang H ong tao,et a l.3D ep a rt m en t of R ad iol2 ogy,the S econd A f f ilia ted H osp ita l,Ch ina M ed ica l U n iversity,S heny ang110003 Abstract Pu rpo se:To m easu re the ven tricu lar size and ex tracereb ral space of no rm al neonates and infan ts.M aterials and m ethods:O ne hundred cases w ith in2years of age and w ithou t sign ifican t neu ro logic symp tom s w ere selected fo r study.T hey w ere divided in to7age group s.T he ven tricu lar size w as m easu red on T1W I,the w idth of ex tracereb ral space,sylvian fissu re and in tercereb ral fis2 su re w ere m easu red on heavy T2W I.A0.35T superconductive m agnet w as u sed.R esu lts:(1)T he ex tracereb ral space of infan ts cou ld be differen tiated in to tw o parts in50.8%of cases.T he w idth of the ex tracereb ral space at the fron tal,tempo ral,sylvian fissu re,and in tercereb ral fissu re w ere3.31±1.29mm,4.25±2.34mm,5.48±1.86mm,3.38±1.37mm respectively.(2)T he shape of the fron tal ho rn s w ere of candlestick type in28%,Y shape in67%and parallel shape in5%.Sep tal pel2 lucidum space ex isted in mo st no rm al neonates w ith an incidence of83.3%.Conclu si on:(1)Among the ven tricu lar indices,the b ifron tal index and b icaudate index w ere mo st reliab le and cou ld be u sed to evaluate the size of the ven tricles.(2)P resence of sep tal pellucidum space du ring new bo rn w as con sidered to be no rm al.T he tw o ven tricles w ere p redom inen tly candlestick in shape du ring new bo rn peri od,and Y shape in infan ts.(3)T he w idth of ex tracereb ral space w as w idest du ring326 mon th s,at w h ich ti m e the ex tracereb ral space cou ld be differen tiated in to the inner subarachno id space and the ou ter subdu ral space.Key words Cereb ral ven tricles M agnetic resonance i m aging Infan t,new bo rn 在脑发育的M R I研究第一部分中,笔者讨作者单位:110003中国医科大学附属第二临床学院放射线科(王晓明、陈丽英、陈炽贤);中国医科大学附属第三临床学院放射线科(杨洪涛)论了灰、白质分辨的变化并得出髓鞘形成主要在2岁内完成的结论,同样地,这一时期脑室系统也发生很大变化,在判断新生儿、婴儿脑室及脑外间隙大小时应特别慎重。
