经济金融术语英汉对照

经济金融术语汉英比立表〔表一〕

A

平安网 safetynet

按可比口径 oncomparablebasis

按轻重缓急 toprioritize

暗补 implicitsubsidy

暗亏 hiddenloss

B

颁发营业执照 tolicense;tograntalicenseto

办理存款业务 totakedeposits

保卫农民的生产积极性 toprotectfarmers'incentivetoproduce

备付金〔超额预备金〕 excessreserves

本外币并账 consolidationofdomesticandforeigncurrencyaccounts

本外币对冲操作 sterilizationoperation

本位利益 localizedinterest;departmentalism

奔小康 tostrivetoprosper;tostrivetobecomewell-to-do

避税〔请见“逃税〞〕 taxavoidance

币种搭配不当 currencymismatch

币种构成 currencycomposition 变相社会集资 disguisedirregular〔orillegal〕fundraising

表外科目〔业务〕 off-balance-sheetitems〔operation〕

薄弱环节 weaknesses;loopholes

不变本钞票 fixedcost

不变价 atconstantprice;inrealterms

不动产 realestate

不良贷款〔资产〕 problemloans；non-performingloans〔assets〕

C

财务公司 financecompanies

财政赤字 fiscaldeficit

财政挤银行 fiscalpressureonthecentralbank〔overmonetarypolicy〕

财政政策与货币政策的配合 coordinationoffiscalandmonetarypolicies

采取循序渐进的方法 inaphasedandsequencedmanner

操作弹性 operationalflexibility

操纵汇率 tomanipulateexchangerate

产品构成 productcomposition;productmix

产品积压 stockpile;excessiveinventory

产销率 currentperiodinventory;〔即期库存，不含前期库存〕sales/outputratio

产销衔接 marketability

产业政策 industrialpolicy

长期国债 treasurybonds

敞口头寸 openposition 炒股 tospeculateinthestockmarket

承购包销 underwrite〔securities〕

成套机电产品 completesetsofequipment;completeplant〔s〕

都市信用社 urbancreditcooperatives〔UCCs〕

都市合作银行 urbancooperativebanks;municipalunitedbanks

都市商业银行 municipalcommercialbanks

城乡居民收进增长超过物价涨幅 realgrowthinhouseholdincome

持续升温 persistentoverheating

重复布点 duplicateprojects

重置本钞票 replacementcost

重组方案 restructuringplan

筹资渠道 fundingsources;financingchannels

初见成效 initialsuccess

出口统一治理、回口经营 canalizationofexports

出口退税 exporttaxrebate

储蓄存款 householddeposits〔不完全等同于西方savingsdeposits，前者包括活期存款，后者不包括。〕

储蓄分流 diversionofhouseholddeposits

储源萎缩 declineintheavailabilityofhouseholdsavings

传导机制 transmissionmechanism

从价税 advaloremtax 从紧操纵 tightcontrol

存贷款比例 loan/depositratio

存款保险体系 depositinsurancesystem

存款货币银行 depositmoneybanks

存款预备金 requiredreserves

D

打白条 issueIOU

大额存单 certificateofdeposit〔CD〕

大额提现 withdrawdepositsinlargeamounts

大面积滑坡 wide-spreaddecline

大一统的银行体制 〔all-in-one〕mono-banksystem

呆账〔请见“坏账〞〕 badloans

呆账预备金 loanlossreserves〔provisions〕

呆滞贷款 idleloans

贷款沉淀 non-performingloans

贷款分类 loanclassification

贷款限额治理 creditcontrol;toimposecreditceiling

贷款约束机制 creditdisciplinary〔constraint〕mechanism

代理国库 toactasfiscalagent

代理金融机构贷款 makeloansonbehalfofotherinstitutions 戴帽贷款 ear-markedloans

倒逼机制 reversedtransmissionofthepressureforeasingmonetarycondition

道德风险 moralhazard

地区差异 regionaldisparity

第一产业 theprimaryindustry

第二产业 thesecondaryindustry

第三产业 theserviceindustry;thetertiaryindustry

递延资产 deferrableassets

订货缺乏 insufficientorders

定期存款 timedeposits

定向募集 raisingfundsfromtargetedsources

东道国〔请见“母国〞〕 hostcountry

独立核算 independentaccounting

短期国债 treasurybills

对冲操作 sterilizationoperation;hedging

对非金融部门债权 claimsonnon-financialsector

多种所有制形式 diversifiedownership

E

恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation

二级市场 secondarymarket

F

发行货币 toissuecurrency

发行总股本 totalstockissue 法定预备金 requiredreserves;reserverequirement

法人股 institutionalshares

法人股东 institutionalshareholders

法治 ruleoflaw

房地产投资 realestateinvestment

放松银根 toeasemonetarypolicy

非现场稽核 off-sitesurveillance〔ormonitoring〕

非银行金融机构 non-bankfinancialinstitutions

非赢利性机构 non-profitorganizations

分税制 assignmentofcentralandlocaltaxes;taxassignmentsystem

分业经营 segregationoffinancialbusines〔services〕;divisionofbusinessscopebasedonthetypeoffinancialinstitutions

风险显露〔风险敞口〕 riskexposure

风险治理 riskmanagement

风险意识 riskawareness

风险资本比例 risk-weightedcapitalratios

风险资本标准 risk-basedcapitalstandard

效劳事业收进 publicservicecharges;user'scharges

扶贫 povertyalleviation

负增长 negativegrowth

复式预算制 double-entrybudgeting;capitalandcurrentbudgetaryaccount G

改革试点 reformexperimentation

杠杆率 leverageratio

杠杆收购 leveragedbuyout

高息集资 toraisefundsbyofferinghighinterest

个人股 non-institutionalshares

全然扭转 fundamentalturnaround〔orreversal〕

公开市场操作 openmarketoperations

公款私存 depositpublicfundsinpersonalaccounts

公用事业 publicutilities

公有经济 thestate-ownedsector;thepublicsector

公有制 publicownership

工业本钞票利润率 profit-to-costratio

工业增加值 industrialvalueadded

供大于求 supplyexceedingdemand;excessivesupply

鼓舞措施 incentives

股份合作企业 joint-equitycooperativeenterprises

股份制企业 joint-equityenterprises

股份制银行 joint-equitybanks

固定资产贷款 fixedassetloans

关税减免 tariff reductionandexemption

关税减让 tariff concessions

关税优惠 tariff incentives;preferential tariff treatment