西方经济学字母含义大全

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西方经济学字母含义大全

西方经济学是一门研究西方社会经济活动的学科,包含了很多经济学术语和字母符号。下面是西方经济学中常用的字母含义大全,希望能帮助大家更好地理解和学习经济学知识。

A

- AD: Aggregate Demand(总需求)

- AR: Average Revenue(平均收益)

- AS: Aggregate Supply(总供给)

- AVC: Average Variable Cost(平均可变成本)

- APL: Average Physical Product(平均生产物)

- APR: Annual Percentage Rate(年利率)

- ADR: American Depositary Receipt(美国存托凭证)

B - BRICS: Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa(金砖五国)

- B2B: Business-to-Business(企业对企业)

- B2C: Business-to-Consumer(企业对消费者)

- BOP: Balance of Payments(国际收支平衡)

- BOE: Bank of England(英格兰银行)

- BLS: Bureau of Labor Statistics(劳工统计局)

- BPM: Business Process Management(业务流程管理)

C

- CPI: Consumer Price Index(消费者物价指数)

- CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate(年复合增长率)

- CEO: Chief Executive Officer(首席执行官)

- CFO: Chief Financial Officer(首席财务官)

- CMO: Chief Marketing Officer(首席营销官) - CDO: Collateralized Debt Obligation(抵押贷款债务证券化)

- CSR: Corporate Social Responsibility(企业社会责任)

D

- DSGE: Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium(动态随机一般均衡)

- DM: Developed Market(发达市场)

- DC: Developing Country(发展中国家)

- DCF: Discounted Cash Flow(现金流折现)

- DSO: Days Sales Outstanding(应收账款周转天数)

- DOL: Degree of Operating Leverage(经营杠杆度)

E

- GDP: Gross Domestic Product(国内生产总值)

- GNP: Gross National Product(国民总生产值)

- CPI: Consumer Price Index(消费者物价指数) - PPI: Producer Price Index(生产者物价指数)

- CPI-U: Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers(城市居民消费者物价指数)

- COGS: Cost of Goods Sold(销货成本)

- ECOFIN: Economic and Financial Affairs Council(经济金融事务理事会)

- EC: European Commission(欧洲委员会)

F

- FDI: Foreign Direct Investment(外国直接投资)

- FOMC: Federal Open Market Committee(联邦公开市场委员会)

- FX: Foreign Exchange(外汇)

- FRB: Federal Reserve Bank(美联储)

- FDI: Flexible Manufacturing System(柔性制造系统)

- FIFO: First In, First Out(先进先出)

- FOB: Free On Board(离岸价) G

- GDP: Gross Domestic Product(国内生产总值)

- GNP: Gross National Product(国民总生产值)

- GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(关税和贸易总协定)

- GL: General Ledger(总分类帐)

- GAAP: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles(通用会计准则)

- GFC: Global Financial Crisis(全球金融危机)

H

- HDI: Human Development Index(人类发展指数)

- HICP: Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices(消费者物价调和指数)

- HNP: Human Capital(人力资本)

- HRM: Human Resource Management(人力资源管理) - HRT: Human Resource Technology(人力资源技术)

- HML: High, Medium, and Low(高、中、低)

I

- IPO: Initial Public Offering(首次公开募股)

- IRR: Internal Rate of Return(内部收益率)

- IMF: International Monetary Fund(国际货币基金组织)

- ILO: International Labor Organization(国际劳工组织)

- ICT: Information and Communications Technology(信息和通信技术)

- IAC: Import Adjustment Cost(进口调整成本)

J

- JIT: Just-in-Time(及时生产)

- J-curve: J形曲线

- JPY: Japanese Yen(日元) K

- KPI: Key Performance Indicator(关键绩效指标)

- KAM: Key Account Management(重点客户管理)

- KPI: Knowledge Process Outsourcing(知识流程外包)

L

- LDC: Less Developed Country(欠发达国家)

- LSE: London Stock Exchange(伦敦证券交易所)

- LTV: Loan-to-Value Ratio(贷款价值比率)

- LIBOR: London Interbank Offered Rate(伦敦银行同业拆借利率)

- LLC: Limited Liability Company(有限责任公司)

- LIFO: Last In, First Out(后进先出)

- LAB: Labor(劳动)

- LWP: Lost Workday Producer Rate(失业产能率) - LME: London Metal Exchange(伦敦金属交易所)

M

- MNC: Multi-National Corporation(跨国公司)

- MOU: Memorandum of Understanding(谅解备忘录)

- MBS: Mortgage-Backed Securities(抵押支持证券)

- MNC: Multi-National Corporation(跨国公司)

- M2: Money Supply M2(货币供应量M2)

- MRP: Material Requirements Planning(物料需求计划)

- MACD: Moving Average Convergence Divergence(移动平均线收敛背离指标)

N

- NGO: Non-Governmental Organization(非政府组织)

- NAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement(北美自由贸易协定) - NBER: National Bureau of Economic Research(美国国家经济研究局)

- NPL: Non-Performing Loan(不良贷款)

- NCND: Non-Circumvention Non-Disclosure(不规避不泄露)

O

- OTC: Over-The-Counter(柜台交易)

- OPEC: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries(石油输出国组织)

- OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and

Development(经济合作与发展组织)

- OEE: Overall Equipment Efficiency(设备整体效能)

- ROI: Return on Investment(投资回报率)

P

- PPP: Purchasing Power Parity(购买力平价)

- PE: Private Equity(私募股权) - PR: Public Relations(公关)

- P/E Ratio: Price-to-Earnings Ratio(市盈率)

- P/E: Price-to-Earnings Ratio(市盈率)

- PAT: Profit-After-Tax(税后利润)

- PPI: Producer Price Index(生产者物价指数)

- PTA: Preferential Trade Agreement(优惠贸易协定)

Q

- QoQ: Quarter-on-Quarter(季度同比)

- QE: Quantitative Easing(量化宽松政策)

- QS: Quantity Surveyor(造价师)

R

- RF: Risk-Free(无风险)

- R&D: Research and Development(研发)

- ROA: Return on Assets(总资产回报率)