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老人与海的单词难点注释1.Ernest Hemingway --海明威，欧内斯特·米勒：(1899-1961) 美国作家。
他1954年获诺贝尔文学奖2.skiff轻舟, 小艇（通常指单人划的）.3.Gulf Steam墨西哥湾流：由北美洲东部发源的大西洋北部的温暖洋流。
由墨西哥湾、佛罗里达海峡向北及东北流动，与北大西洋暖流会合4.definitely肯定地; 确实地5.salao倒霉的、不吉利的, 西班牙文salao正确的拼写应为salado,意为加了盐的,咸的,苦的,转义为倒霉的、不吉利的6.at their orders听从他们的命令7.go down to do sth 走下岸边去.....8.coiled line--卷绕成圈的钓鱼线/钓索9.gaff--鱼叉,stick with an iron hook for pulling large fish out of the water 鱼叉（将鱼拉出水者）.10.harpoon-鱼叉：一种象标枪一样但顶端有钩的用于捕捉鲸鱼和大鱼的武器11.sail帆, 蓬12.furl--卷起：收卷或把（例如旗或帆）卷到其它物上13.mast--桅杆, 樯14.patch补，打补钉15.flour sack面粉袋16.permanent永恒的17.defeat失败的事实；击败的行为18.gaunt-（指人）（因饥饿或疾病）憔悴的, 骨瘦如柴19.wrinkle--皱纹20.blotch--（皮肤﹑纸张﹑材料等上的）大斑点21.benevolent--与人为善的; 助人为乐的22.skin cancer皮肤癌23.reflection--光、高热、声或形象等的反射24.tropic--热带的25.cheek颊, 脸蛋26.run well down--if something long such as a road or wire runs in a particular direction, that is its position, or that is where you put it(狭长的东西)延展,沿着.....蔓延下去27.deep-creased皱痕深的28.scar伤疤29.handle处理；操作30.cord绳索31.erosion侵蚀32.fishless desert--无鱼的荒漠33.cheerful--快乐的34.undefeated 未被击败的35.Santiago圣地牙哥桑提亚哥36.haul up把…拖上来37.doubt怀疑38.papa爸爸（儿语，等于poppa）'pɑːpə]39.faith信心40.Terrace--平台[ˈtɛrəs]41.stuff 东西42.make fun of取笑43.current（水﹑气等的）流, 流动44.depth深度45.drift 使...随意移动46.drift lines--使钓线随意移动47.steady稳定的48.butcher.....out剖开49.marlin枪鱼，马林鱼，四鳍旗鱼：任一种枪鱼属和四鳍旗鱼属的产于大西洋和太平洋的大型观赏鱼，长有长的矛状上颚/ `mɑrlɪn /id full length--副词describes the way a person moves or lies so that their whole body is flat on the floor平躺地51.plank厚板52.stagger--蹒跚; 踉跄; 摇晃着移动53.fish house--收鱼站54.ice truck--冷藏车55.Havana哈瓦那：古巴首都及最大城市，位于该岛国的西北部，面临墨西哥。
美国文学课课件_海明威_英文简介Ernest_HemingwaErnestHemingway1899-19611899-1961He started his career as a writer in a newspaper office atthe age of seventeenAfter the United States entered the First World War, hejoined a volunteer ambulance unit in the Italian armyServing at the front, he was wounded, was decorated by the Italian Government, and spent considerable time in hospitalsAfter his return to the United States, he became areporter for Canadian and American newspapers andwas soon sent back to Europe to cover such events as the Greek RevolutionIn Europe in the 1920's ,Ernest learned from avant-garde writers like GertrudeStein and Ezra Poundtheir literary sparenessand compressionHemingway in ItalyDuring the twenties, He became a member of thegroup of expatriate Americans in Paris, which hedescribed in his first novel, The Sun Also Rises 1926Hemingway used his experiences as a reporter during the civil war in Spain as the background for his mostambitious novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls 1940Among his later works, the most outstanding is theshort novel, The Old Man and the Sea 1952, thestory of an old fisherman's journey, his long andlonely struggle with a fish and the sea, and his victory in defeat.Hemingway - himself a great sportsman - liked to portray soldiers, hunters, bullfighters - tough, attimes primitive people whose courage and honestyare set against the brutal ways of modern society,and who in this confrontation lose hope and faithHis straightforward prose, his spare dialogue, andhis predilection for understatement areparticularly effective in his short stories, some ofwhich are collected in Men Without Women 1927and The Fifth Column and the First Forty-NineStories 1938. Main worksThe Sun Also Rises 1926A Farewell to Arms 1929For Whom the Bell Tolls1940The Old Man and the Sea1952Ernest Hemingway Home, Key West, Florida恩斯特海明威 ? 美 ? 作家珍妮福 ? 那在法 ? 巴黎的合影Lost GenerationGroup of U.S. writers who came of age duringWorld War I and established their reputations inthe 1920s; more broadly, the entire post ? WorldWar I American generation. The term wascoined by Gertrude Stein in a remark to ErnestHemingway. The writers considered themselves"lost" because their inherited values could notoperate in the postwar world and they feltspiritually alienated from a country theyconsidered hopelessly provincial andemotionally barren. The term embracesHemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, John DosPassos, E.E. Cummings, Archibald MacLeish,and Hart Crane, among others. “Lost” GenerationWorld WarI seemed to have destroyedthe idea that if you acted virtuously, goodthings would happen. Many good, youngmen went to war and died, or returnedhome either physically or mentallywounded for most, both, and their faith inthe moral guideposts that had earlier giventhem hope, were no longer validtheywere "Lost."? These literary figures also criticized American culture in creative fictional storieswhich had the themes of self-exile,indulgence care-free living and spiritualalienation? For example, Fitzgerald's This Side ofParadise shows the young generation of the1920's masking their general depressionbehind the forced exuberance of the JazzAge. Another of Fitzgerald's novels, TheGreat Gatsby does the same where theillusion of happiness hides a sad lonelinessfor the main characters. Who are involved in the Lost Generation?Ernest HemingwayF. Scott FitzgeraldJohn Dos PassosGertrude SteinT. S. EliotEzra Pound Two Types of Hemingway’sCharactersOne of the foremost authors of the era between the two world wars, Hemingway in his earlyworks depicted the lives of two types of people? One type consisted of men and women deprived,by World War I, of faith in the moral values inwhich they had believed, and who lived withcynical disregard for anything but their ownemotional needs? The other type were men of simple characterand primitive emotions, such as prizefightersand bullfighters. Hemingway’s StyleHemingway's novels pioneered a new style ofwriting which many generations after tried toimitate. Hemingway did away with the floridprose of the 19th century Victorian era andreplaced it with a lean, clear prose based onaction. H also employed a technique by whichhe left out essential information of the story inthe belief that omission can sometimesstrengthen the plot of the novel. The novelsproduced by the writers of the Lost Generationgive insight to the lifestyles that people leadduring the 1920's in America, and the literaryworks of these writers were innovative for theirtime and have influenced many futuregenerations in their styles of writing.Writing StyleJournalistic, lean, simple, short sentences;hardly any adjectivesPrinciple of iceberg7/8 under for every 1/8showing?forces readers to “readbetween the lines”; also called “hard-boiled” styleCritical acclaim-Nobel Prize in 1954Writing StyleLiterary techniquesFlashbackVivid imageryUnique symbolismUnique SymbolismLightwarmth, security, order/balanceWetnessevil, disaster, impending doomLandscapesHighlandsclear, clean, peaceful,orderlyLowlandsevil, chaos,dirtThe Hemingway’s “Code”A man can be destroyed, but notnecessarily defeated Man must face all life struggles withcourage, intensity, honesty, and grace The reward is dignity Loss of hope and faith equals defeat.The Hemingway’s “Code” cont’dConcept of “nada” or “nothingness”: The outcome of life is death, with no lifeafter deaththe struggle is the only thing th at matters“we are all losers,” as the outcome of lifeis death.The Hemingway’s “Code” cont’dNotable Characters-all “manly men” whoact “naturally” as nature intended them to BullfightersBoxersSoldiersHunters FishermenHero ArchetypesTutor: Manly man who teaches the “code” Respects opponent simple and confident expert at his trade always calm Hero Archetypes cont’dTyro:Student of the “code”ConfusedWounded mentally/physically InsomniacResembles HemingwayFears “nada”/”nothingness”Hero Archetypes cont’dHeroin e “Bitch”:Tyro’s womanGreedyUnloving & unkind towards tyroSarcastic and opinionatedpromiscuous-enjoys “wounding” tyroGertrude Stein 1 95 4 年获诺贝尔文学奖海明威英勇地脱离了早期“残暴、犬儒和冷漠”的阶段 , 充满“对危险和冒险的刚毅热爱” , 且具有“对现代叙事艺术强而有力、屡创新格的掌握能力”。
欧内斯特·海明威简介欧内斯特·姓名：欧内斯特·海明威（ernest hemingway）性别：男出生年月：1899-1961国籍：美国所获奖项：1954年诺贝尔文学奖欧内斯特·海明威（ernest hemingway，1899-1961）美国作家。
生于芝加哥郊区的奥克帕克村。
受家庭影响，酷爱打猎、钓鱼和拳击运动，对音乐、绘画也颇感兴趣。
第一次世界大战期间，他当他见习记者，受到严格的语言训练。
其后参加战后救护队，在意大利前线身负重伤，经过13次手术，从身上取出200多块弹片。
战后以驻欧记者身份长驻巴黎，结识了美国作家斯坦因和宠德等，开始发表小说诗歌文学作品。
小说《在我们的时代里》（1924）是成名作，重要长篇小说《太阳照常升起》（1926）和《永远了，武器》被看作是“迷惘的一代”的代表小说诗歌文学作品。
30年代，与“迷惘的一代”分道扬镳，海明威参交了左翼文艺运动。
西班牙内战期间，他参加过马德里保卫战。
这期间发表的长篇小说《有的和没有有的》（1937）、剧本《第五纵队》（1950）和长篇小说《丧钟为谁而鸣》（1940）等，后者标志着他创作上的一个新的至高点。
二次大战时，海明威曾用再见的游艇协助正规军作战，在海上搜寻纳粹潜艇，收到当局嘉奖。
其后又率领一支游击队，参加解放巴黎的战斗。
50年代，海明威又回到捕鱼、打猎等冒险生涯中去，应乘坐的汽车、飞机连连失事，在医院竟读到了关于她遇难身亡的讣告。
这期间主要创作了《过何如林》（1950）和振撼欧美文坛的中篇小说《老人与海》等。
1954年“因为他精通于叙事艺术，突出地表现在其近著《老人与海》之中；同时也因为他对当代文体风格之影响”，获得诺贝尔文学奖。
晚年由于多种疾病缠身，身心备受折磨，1961年7月2日，他用猎枪为自己戏剧性的一生画了句号。
海明威是一位极富传奇色彩的作家。
在创作上，他最钟爱的主题是、死亡、男子汉气概和。
这也是他一生的主旋律。
Ernest Hemingway 厄内斯特海明威（1899-1961）Ernest Hemingway was a novelist and short story writer who became one of the best-known American authors of the 20th century. His lean, economical style has been widely copied by other writers, and his stories of courage in the face of tragedy are re-read by each generation.His LifeHemingway was born in a well-to-do suburb of Chicago. His father was a doctor who like to hunt and fish in his spare time. His mother was an artist. Young Hemingway was an outstanding student at high school, and he already wrote some short stories at that age, in which he rebelled against the prudery（过分拘谨，假正经this is no time for prudery.）and conformity of his respectable parents.Instead of attending university, Hemingway worked briefly as a journalist, but he really wanted to take part in the First World War. When the U.S. Army rejected him because of one bad eye (bad vision), he volunteered first as an ambulance driver in France, and then as a soldier in the Italian infantry. He was badly wounded at the age of eighteen. When he lay in an Italian hospital, he fell in love with a Red Cross nurse, but she refused his proposal of marriage.He returned to Chicago to complete his recovery, and there he met and married his first wife. As soon as he was well, they sailed to France, where Hemingway worked in Paris as acorrespondent for a Canadian newspaper, and as an assistant for an American literary magazine. But his main purpose was to write his own stories.He became a close friend of Gertrude Stain and Ezra Pound, who helped him to develop his characteristic style; Sherwood Anderson also helped him at the start. He read systematically in the great works of Russian, French and American literature, and he associated with other young expatiate writers in Gertrude Stein’s circle, like F. Scott Fitzgerald and E.E. Cummings. His wife bore a son, but they were divorced soon afterwards, and Hemingway married again.During his years in Paris, Hemingway became a master of short fiction. In 1926, his full-length novel, The Sun Also Rises, met with greatsuccess. A second novel, A Farewell to Arms, firmly established his reputation in 1929.Hemingway’s own adventurous life provided much raw material for his strongly masculine stories. During the 1930’s he wrote less because a large part of his time was spent in deep-see fishing near Cuba, where he eventually went to live, big game hunting in Africa, or following bullfights in Spain. In 1937 he took part in the Spanish Civil War as a journalist, strongly supporting the losing Republican side against the Fascist forces of Franco. His experiences provided material for one of his best novels, For Whom the Bell Tolls. While he was in Spain he met and fell in love with a writer and journalist whom he married, after divorcing his second fife. They traveled together to China, as journalists, toreport on the Japanese invasion, and then returned to Cuba.At first, Hemingway created an organization to report on German spies in Cuba, and German submarines off the Cuba coast, only 40 miles from the U.S.A. However, this work was not close enough to the center of the war from Hemingway, so he went to London as a journalist. He flew on several missions with the Royal Air Force, into the heart of battle. He crossed the English Channel with the American forces to report on the invasion of France, and he was present at the liberation of Paris.After the war, he returned to Cuba, divorced his third wife, and married a journalist whom he had met in London. She stayed with him for the rest of his life. Together they continued to have dangerous adventures (they wereinjured in two plane crashes in Africa). In 1952, Hemingway published his last successful novel, The Old Man And The Sea. In 1954, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. That year he was 53 years oldThe Cuban Revolution of 1960 drove forefingers out of Cuba. Hemingway went to live in Idaho, a wild part of the U.S.A. in the Rocky Mountains. He became deeply depressed and so tormented by fears and anxieties that he had to enter a famous hospital for eclectic shock treatments. Two days after retuning to Idaho, he committed suicide by shooting himself with his hunting gun.Hemingway was a man of many contradictions. He was both extremely generous and extremely selfish. He loved life, yet he continually pondered about death. His life was bold andcourageous, yet his courage deserted him in the end.His point of ViewHemingway’s point of view was shaped by his experience as a young man in the First World War, and his near death on the battlefield. Many of his stories dealt with war or injury, and nearly all of them examined the nature of courage. By living through the impersonal violence of the war, by suffering the violent accident of his wound, he felt that he had been cut off form the security of his own past life and from all his bold beliefs and assumptions about life. In a parallel way, he felt that the First World War had broken America’s culture and traditions, and separated it from its roots. Hemingway looked at his world in honest, stark, postwar terms（无修饰的，朴实无华，一丝不挂，天然的，these islands have a stark beauty. ）. He wrote about men and women who were isolated from tradition, frightened, sometimes ridiculous, trying to find their own way. He gave no literary explanations, and no conventional “happy endings” to his stories.In trying to understand the nature of injury and violent death and the courage needed to face them, Hemmingway became a knowledgeable spectator of Spanish bull fighting. Many of his stories contained episodes in the bullring. Risk, danger, grace, skill and death were always present in this traditional, ritualistic sport of Spain. His own love of big game hunting undoubtedly stemmed from his curiosity about these things. In the African jungles, he could test his owncourage and skill against an impersonal, violent enemy, the wild beast, while avoiding the random devastation of modern war.For many years, Hemingway condemned war as purposeless slaughter. His attitude changed when he took part in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). There he found that in opposition to Fascism was a cause worth fighting for. He found a great unity of spirit among his Republican comrades. He saw a significant reason for violence and death outside the bullring.Hemingway’s exploration of courage in his literature took many forms. He wrote about courage and cowardice in battle, where he defined courage as “an instinctive movement toward or away from the center of violence, with self-preservation and self-respect, themixed motives.”He denied the romantic idea that courage was a noble emotion which could govern a man’s action or prepare him to perform a brave act. 勇气是一种高尚的情感，它控制人的行为，使他能够做出勇敢的行动。
海明威，E.（Ernest Hemingway l899～1961）美国小说家。
1954年度的诺贝尔文学奖获得者。
欧内斯特·海明威于1899年生于美国伊利诺州，从小喜欢钓鱼、打猎、音乐和绘画，曾作为红十字会车队司机参加第一次世界大战，以后长期担任驻欧记者，并曾以记者身份参加第二次世界大战和西班牙内战。
于1925年和1926年分别发表短篇小说集《在我们的时代里》和长篇《太阳照样升起》。
前者即有名的尼克小说集，后者被誉为“迷惘的一代”的代表作。
他的长篇小说《永别了，武器》（1929）和《丧钟为谁而鸣》（1940）均具有明确的反法西斯倾向，是描写第一次第二次世界大战的文学精品。
1941年偕夫人玛莎访问中国，支持我国抗日战争。
后又以战地记者身份重赴欧洲，并多次参加战斗。
战后客居古巴，潜心写作。
海明威喜欢以斗牛士、猎人、拳击手、浪游者、渔夫为自己的描写对象，在许多作品里表现他们捍卫个人荣誉与尊严、为了生存而与厄运斗争，即使失败了也依然保持优雅风度的“硬汉子”精神，这种精神是古希腊神话中的英雄西西弗斯形象的继续和发展。
1952年他发表了晚年的力作,也是他最优秀的作品之一，中篇小说《老人与海》。
海明威的小说在语言上具有圣经式简洁风格，他“斩伐了整座森林的冗言赞词，他还原了基本技干的清爽面目”。
他使用简炼、冷峻的语言，正是为了达到余韵深远的效果。
用他自己的话说，“冰山在海里移动很是庄严雄伟，这是因为它只有八分之一露在水面上。
”海明威本人就是一个孤独的硬汉。
在战争中他曾多次负伤，医生从他身上取出过一百多弹片。
他爱好打猎、探险。
1961年，由于病痛、苦闷、绝望在爱达荷州家中自杀。
他有几部主要作品：《太阳照常升起》以参加第一次世界大战之后，流落在巴黎街头的美国青年们的无聊苦闷生活为题材，写出了当时对社会和个人的出路抱着悲哀和失望态度的年轻一代的形象，海明威以侨居巴黎的美国女诗人格特鲁德・斯坦的“你们全是迷惘的一代”的话作为该书的题词，于是，“迷惘的一代”便成了那些找不到出路的青年人的总称，演变为一个文学流派，而海明威也因此成为“迷惘的一代”的代表作家。
作家海明威的简介海明威是美国历史上独具艺术天长，著名的作家和小说家，他的作品在文学领域占有一定的地位，在1954年获得诺贝尔文学奖。
下面是店铺搜集整理的作家海明威的简介，希望对你有帮助。
作家海明威的简介欧内斯特·米勒尔·海明威(Ernest Miller Hemingway，1899年7月21日-1961年7月2日)美国小说家。
海明威出生于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥市郊区的奥克帕克，晚年在爱达荷州凯彻姆的家中自杀身亡。
海明威代表作有《老人与海》、《太阳照样升起》、《永别了，武器》、《丧钟为谁而鸣》等，凭借《老人与海》获得1953年普利策奖及1954年诺贝尔文学奖。
海明威被誉为美利坚民族的精神丰碑，并且是“新闻体”小说的创始人，他的笔锋一向以”文坛硬汉“著称。
海明威的写作风格以简洁著称，对美国文学及20世纪文学的发展有极深远的影响。
海明威一生中的感情错综复杂，先后结过四次婚，是美国“迷失的一代”(Lost Generation)作家中的代表人物，作品中对人生、世界、社会都表现出了迷茫和彷徨。
海明威一向以文坛硬汉著称，他是美利坚民族的精神丰碑。
海明威的作品标志着他独特创作风格的形成，在美国文学史乃至世界文学史上都占有重要地位。
海明威的故事海明威在创作期间的表现异常独特，因为作家在创作期间一般都是坐在椅子上进行创作。
然而海明威却不这样，他几乎每次都是站着进行创作。
有人问海明威为什么他要选择这样的创作方式，而海明威的回答是：“站着会让自己变得更容易疲劳，而疲劳便会督促自己挑精华部分写，而不需要写一些不必要的话语。
这样作品的含金量就会更高。
”除了站着写作之外，海明威还经常喜欢在冬天进行创作，尤其是那种格外寒冷的天气，在这样寒冷的天气海明威也不会穿很厚的衣服，他依旧穿那种很单薄的衣服在寒冷的环境中创作。
这也是为了追求作品的含金量。
在二战期间，美国的一位将领在拍卖会上获得了两箱的威士忌酒，而此时海明威也在场，他平时就喜欢喝酒，看到将领得到这么多的酒便主动提出要花钱买六瓶酒。
欧内斯特·米勒尔·海明威海明威欧内斯特·海明威海明威欧内斯特·海明威(Ernest Hemingway l899～1961)美国小说家。
一向以文坛硬汉著称，是美利坚民族的精神丰碑，1954年度（第五十四届）的诺贝尔文学奖获得者、“新闻体”小说的创始人。
中文名：欧内斯特·米勒尔·海明威外文名：Ernest Hemingway国籍：美国出生日期：l899年逝世日期：1961年职业：作家主要成就：诺贝尔文学奖获得者“新闻体”小说的创始人。
代表作品：《太阳照样升起》个人简介1926年发表成名作《太阳照样升起》，作品表现战后青年人的幻灭感，成为＂迷惘的一代＂的代表作。
生于美国芝加哥市郊橡胶园小镇。
但蜚声世界文坛的海明威像他的祖父和父亲一样选择了自杀。
1961年7月2日，海明威用自己的猎枪结束了自己的生命。
整个世界都为此震惊，人们纷纷叹息这位巨人的悲剧。
美国人民更是悲悼这位美国重要作家的陨落。
对于海明威的评价，正如约翰·肯尼迪总统的唁电所说：“几乎没有哪个美国人比欧内斯特·海明威对美国人民的感情和态度产生过更大的影响。
”他称海明威为“20世纪最伟大的作家之一。
”个人生平海明威在撰写作品童年生活他母亲让他练习拉大提琴；他父亲教他钓鱼和射击。
童年似乎没有创伤。
中学是一九一七届的，他是一个热情的、好竞争的标准美国男孩；学习成绩好，体育运动全面发展（游泳、足球、射击，还偷偷地到当地体育馆去学拳击），参加辩论团，学校乐队里拉大提琴，编辑学校报纸《吊架》，还给文学杂志《书板》投稿，写短篇小说（已经初具日后成熟的风格的苗头），写诗。
他有时中途搭别人的车，出去旅行。
有一次在禁猎区打鹭鸟，事后躲藏起来，免受法律制裁。
某些批评家认为，海明威离家出游说明他童年过的是正常的生活；但在另外一些批评家看来，则象征他早年反叛橡树园的生活方式，反映他家庭生活中关系紧张。
