托福词汇题汇总(附答案)(部分)

小托福考试高频词汇及例题解析本文为考生介绍的是小托福考试高频词汇，包含了室内家具类、旅行咨询类及餐点消费类三个内容，文章底部是关于词汇的例题与解析，小托福考试高频词汇是重点内容哦~室内家具类词汇：(un)furnished (不)配备家具的furniture 家具fitting 装置，家具suite (一套)家具furnish 布置fit up 装备decorate 装饰，布置ornament 装饰，美化armchair 配齐，装备bookcase 书架cupboard 碗橱bureau 写字台bench 长椅settle 长椅stool 凳子deckchair 折叠帆布长椅high chair 高脚椅couch 长沙发settee 中小型沙发旅行咨询类词汇：travel agency 旅行社coach 经济仓make a reservation 预定book the ticket 预定票confirm a reservation 确定定位cancel one’s reservation 取消定位first come, first reservation 先到先服务原则timetable 时刻表fare 票价saver ticket 优惠票toll 通行费airport tax 机场税open ticket 开放机票duty-free shop 免税店one-way ticket 单程票round-trip ticket 往返票vacant seat 空座excess change 超重direct/ non-stop flight 直达航班connecting-flight 转机餐点消费类词汇：dinner 正餐salad 沙拉desert 甜点tea or coffee 茶或咖啡yogurt 酸奶wafer 威化饼vinegar 醋spice 香料pepper 辣椒粉，胡椒的curry 咖喱condiment (辛辣)调味料icing 糖衣toast 烤面包syrup 糖汁sweet 甜食confectionery 甜食例题讲解【1】It is now known that the vast majority of the Moon's craters were formed by the impact of solid bodies with the lunar surface.【现在已经知道，绝大多数月球的陨石坑是由月球表面的固体影响而形成的。

托福单词的测试模拟题与答案托福单词的测试模拟题与答案1. INCHOATE：（A）explicit（B）dependable（C）pragmatic（D）therapeutic（E）enduring2. INCIPIENT：（A）exuberant（B）full-bodied（C）explicit（D）plentiful（E）full-blown3. NASCENT：（A）widely displaced（B）completely clear（C）totally natural（D）strongly contrary（E）fully established4. REPORTORIAL：（A）unlikely（B）imaginative（C）indecisive（D）characteristic（E）challenging5. IMPUGN：（A）revoke（B）discharge（D）console（E）restore6. RAVE：（A）flak（B）flop（C）cant（D）pan（E）snub7. BANAL：（A）faithful（B）arresting（C）inclined（D）forced（E）elaborate8. BANALITY：（A）accurate portrayal （B）impromptu statement （C）original expression （D）succinct interpretation （E）elaborate critique9. ORIENT：（A）hasten（B）defile（C）menace（D）confuse（E）decline10. CONSTRAIN：（A）release（B）sever（D）unload（E）agree11. RUFFLE：SHIRT：：（A）rafter：roof（B）molding：cabinet （C）gate：path（D）curb：sidewalk（E）shade：window12. EMIGRATE：EXILE：：（A）select：organize（B）appoint：nominate （C）capture：imprison （D）enlist：conscript（E）contribute：deduct 13. BARRAGE：EXPLOSIVES：：（A）cacophony：sounds （B）deluge：rain（C）vista：sights（D）grenade：bombs（E）volcano：lava14. WARY：GULLED：：（A）passionate：moved （B）taciturn：goaded（C）loquacious：befriended （D）vigilant：ambushed （E）shrill：satisfied15. ARTERY：PLAQUE：：（A）river：levee（B）track：switch（C）channel：silt（D）information：flow（E）tunnel：wall16. SEDATIVE：DROWSINESS：：（A）epidemic：contagiousness （B）vaccine：virus（C）laxative：drug（D）anesthetic：numbness （E）therapy：psychosis17. CURIOSITY：KNOW：：（A）temptation：conquer （B）starvation：eat（C）wanderlust：travel（D）humor：laugh（E）survival：live18. WORSHIP：SACRIFICE：：（A）generation：pyre（B）burial：mortuary（C）weapon：centurion （D）massacre：invasion （E）prediction：augury19. CONTIGUOUS：ABUT：：（A）possible：occur（B）simultaneous：coincide （C）comprehensive：except （D）synthetic：create（E）constant：stabilize20. SUITCASE：LUGGAGE：：（A）gift：package（B）necklace：garment（C）room：house（D）hat：millinery（E）faucet：sink21. ENFRANCHISE：VOTE：：（A）advertise：sell（B）fumigate：kill（C）filter：purify（D）illuminate：see（E）ignite：burn22. LOG：SHIP：：（A）archive：data（B）inventory：store（C）roster：team（D）bulletin：event（E）diary：person23. APOLOGIZE：CONTRITE：：（A）aggravate：contemptuous （B）endorse：esteemed（C）extenuate：guilty（D）compliment：impressed （E）rationalize：modest24. SENSITIZATION：ALLERGIC：：（A）immunity：vulnerable （B）habituation：inured（C）invigoration：stimulating （D）sleep：anesthetic（E）disinfection：preventive 25. MEETING：MINUTES：：（A）concert：orchestration （B）filter：camera（C）sale：deed（D）earthquake：vibration （E）television：signal26. MINUTIAE： DETAILS：：（A） data：hypotheses（B） research：findings（C） approximations：calculations （D） queries：answers（E） quibbles：objections27. CREDITS：MOVIE：：（A）byline：article（B）copyright：song（C）rehearsal：dance（D）dedication：book（E）title：work28. STRATAGEM：DECEIVE：：（A）epithet：correspond（B）oration：publish（C）conservation：expend （D）concession：placate（E）sentence：prosecute29. FLAG：COUNTRY：：（A）dialect：region（B）handshake：greeting（C）trademark：company（D）patent：product（E）souvenir：vacation30. STENCIL：LETTERING：：（A）skillet：heating（B）pattern：sewing（C）plow：farming（D）music：singing（E）hammer：building答案：1-5：AEEBC，6-10：DBCDA，11-15：BDBDC，16-20：DCEBD，21-25：DEDBC， 26-30：EADCB。

TPO-40托福听力题目文本——对话部分(Conversation)【附答案】托福TPO，英文名为TOEFL Practice Online，中文直译为托福线上练习，TPO都是历年托福真题，对托福备考是非常有帮助的，今天为大家分享的是TPO-40托福听力题目文本——对话部分(Conversation)【附答案】。

TPO-40托福听力题目文本——对话部分(Conversation)【附答案】QUESTIONS1. Why does the student go to see the professor?a. To find out all the requirements for a projectb. To discuss a service gap at a restaurantc. To get help understanding concepts relevant to his projectd. To get help with designing a business plan2. Why does the professor mention a student in another class?a. To describe an interesting topic for a projectb. To explain the cause of her initial confusionc. To point out that she has not received e-mails from all her students yetd. To indicate that she has several students doing projects about restaurans托福听力主旨题的答题技巧新托福听力考试总共有六大技巧的测试与考核。

与这六大技巧相对，ETS有六大题型的测试，分别是：主旨题、细节题、句子功能题、态度题、结构题和推论题。

英语托福阅读的词汇题汇总表abridge/ə'bridʒ/缩短；删节agility/ə'dʒiliti/敏捷；机敏arduous/'ɑ:djuəs/险峻的；困难的absolve/əb'zɔlv/赦免；解除（责任等）absorb/əb'sɔ:b/吸收；并吞abstain/əb'stein/戒绝；戒除；离开abstract/'æbstrækt/摘要；提炼accelerate/æk'seləreit/加速进行；迫使accommodate/ə'kɔmədeit/供应；容纳accompany/ə'kʌmpəni/伴随；同时发生；陪伴；陪同；和accost/ə'kɔst/向人搭话accredit/ə'kredit/授权；信任；委派；归因于accumulate/ə'kju:mjuleit/积聚accuse/ə'kju:z/控告；归咎acquit/ə'kwit/宣告无罪adhere/əd'hiə/粘着；坚持adjust/ə'dʒʌst/调节；使适于administer/əd'ministə/管理agonize/'æɡənaiz/使受苦；使苦闷alienate/'eiljəneit/使疏远；转让（房地产）alight/ə'lait/降下；落在allocate/'æləukeit/分配；定位置allot/ə'lɔt/分配；指派allure/ə'ljuə/引诱alternate/ɔ:l'tə:nit/轮流（常与with连用）ambush/'æmbuʃ/埋伏annex/ə'neks/附加annihilate/ə'naiəleit/消减annotate/'ænəuteit/注解apologize/ə'pɔlədʒaiz/道歉apostatize/ə'pɔstətaɪz/背教；脱党appall/ə'pɔ:l/使惊骇arraign/ə'rein/控告array/ə'rei/排列asperse/əs'pə:s/诽谤aspire/əs'paiə/热望assemble/ə'sembl/聚集assimilate/ə'simileit/吸收assuage/ə'sweidʒ/缓和assure/ə'ʃuə/保证；确保；使确定；使确信；查明；弄清avouch/ə'vautʃ/确说；断言avow/ə'vau/公开，承认ablution/ə'blu:ʃən/沐浴abstinence/'æbstinəns/禁戒；节制abyss/ə'bis/深渊accomplice/ə'kɔmplis/从犯者acme/'ækmi/顶点acumen/ə'kju:mən/敏锐adage/'ædidʒ/格言；谚语adulteration/ə,dʌltə'reiʃən/掺杂adversity/əd'və:siti/不幸affinity/ə'finiti/密切关系alimentation/,ælimen'teiʃən/营养allusion/ə'l(j)u:ʒən/引述altruism/'æltruizəm/利他主义amenity/ə'mi:niti/适意amnesia/æm'ni:zjə/健忘症amnesty/'æmnesti/大赦analogy/ə'nælədʒi/相似animosity/,æni'mɔsiti/憎恶anomaly/ə'nɔməli/异常，变态antipathy/æn'tipəθi/反感antiquity/æn'tikwiti/古代apostasy/ə'pɔstəsi/叛教；变节ardor/'ɑ:də/热心arrogance/'ærəɡəns/傲慢assumption/ə'sʌmpʃən/担任；假设asteroid/'æstərɔid/小行星auspice/'ɔ:spis/前兆austerity/ɔs'teriti/严峻autopsy/'ɔ:təpsi/验尸avarice/'ævəris/贪婪awe/ɔ:/敬畏abhorrent/əb'hɔrənt/嫌恶的abject/'æbdʒekt/卑鄙的abortive/ə'bɔ:tiv/失败的absurd/əb'sə:d/荒谬的accidental/,æksi'dentl/偶然的acrid/'ækrid/辛辣的addle/'ædl/昏乱的；腐坏的adamant/'ædəmənt/坚定不移的adjacent/ə'dʒeisənt/邻接的adroit/ə'drɔit/机巧的adventitious/,ædven'tiʃəs/偶发的adverse/'ædvə:s/逆的；反对的aesthetic/i:s'θetik/美的afflicting/ə'fliktiŋ/痛苦的aglow/ə'ɡləu/发红的ambiguous/,æm'biɡjuəs/含糊的amenable/ə'mi:nəbl/有责任的amiable/'eimjəbl/友善的；和蔼的amicable/'æmikəbl/和平的；和睦的ample/'æmpl/充足的animated/'ænimeitid/有生气的；热烈的animating/'ænə'metiŋ/鼓舞生气的；启发的anomalous/ə'nɔmələs/反常的antique/æn'ti:k/古代的apathetic/,æpə'θetik/冷淡的appropriate/ə'prəupriit/适合的approximate/ə'prɔksimeit/近似的archaic/ɑ:'keiik/古的assiduous/ə'sidjuəs/勤勉的audacious/ɔ:'deiʃəs/大胆的avid/'ævid/贪婪的azure/'æʒə/蔚蓝的babble/'bæbl/唠叨；说话不清backbite/'bækbaɪt/背后诽谤badger/'bædʒə/困扰bask/bɑ:sk/取暖；曝日；沐浴于baste/beist/殴打；公开责骂bedeck/bi'dek/装饰beg/beɡ/恳求beget/bi'ɡet/引起；产生begrudge/bi'ɡrʌdʒ/羡慕；嫉妒beguile/bi'ɡail/欺骗；消遣belie/bi'lai/掩饰bereave/bi'ri:v/剥夺beset/bi'set/包围besiege/bi'si:dʒ/围bespeak/bi'spi:k/指出betoken/bi'təukən/表示bluff/blʌf/虚张声势brace/breis/支持；使固定brandish/'brændiʃ/挥brawl/brɔ:l/争吵brew/bru:/酿造；图谋bruise/bru:z/打伤butt/bʌt/撞人barricade/,bæri'keid/障碍物basin/'beisn/盆beverage/'bevərɪdʒ/饮料bigotry/'biɡətri/固执bravado/brə'vɑ:dəu/虚张的勇气brim/brim/（杯、碗的）边bully/'buli/土霸bald/bɔ:ld/秃头的；光秃的balmy/'bɑ:mi/芳香的belligerent/bi'lidʒərənt/好战的；交战的beneficial/beni'fiʃəl/有益的bleak/bli:k/寒冷的brittle/'britl/易碎的brisk/brisk/活泼的brutal/'bru:tl/野蛮的cackle/'kækl/咯咯笑convoy/'kɔnvɔi/护送chaste/tʃeist/贞洁的；纯正的capsize/kæp'saiz/倾覆captivate/'kæptiveit/迷惑caress/kə'res/抚爱castigate/'kæstiɡeit/谴责chafe/tʃeif/擦热；烦扰cherish/'tʃeriʃ/珍爱chide/tʃaid/叱责chirp/tʃə:p/吱喳鸣出；吱喳叫出choke/tʃəuk/使窒息chop/tʃɔp/砍chuckle/'tʃʌkl/咯咯而笑circumscribe/'sɜːkəmskraɪb/划界限；限制circumvent/,sə:kəm'vent/欺诈；以计胜过clamor/'klæmə/喧闹；大声叫嚷cleave/kli:v/粘着；忠守clinch/klintʃ/钉牢；揪住clip/klip/修剪；包围clog/klɔɡ/阻碍clutch/klʌtʃ/抓紧coddle/'kɔd(ə)l/娇养；溺爱cog/kɔg/欺骗cohere/kəu'hiə/附着；连贯coin/kɔin/铸币；创造collate/kɔ'leit/对照；校勘commingle/kɔ'miŋɡl/混合commiserate/kə'mizəreit/怜悯；同情comply/kəm'plai/顺从；应允comport/kəm'pɔ:t/相称comprise/kəm'praɪz/包括conceive/kən'si:v/想象concoct/kən'kɔkt/编造；虚构concur/kən'kə:/同意condone/kən'dəun/宽恕；赦免confederate/kən'fedərit/联合；同盟congregate/'kɔŋɡriɡeit/聚集conjure/'kʌndʒə/恳求consecrate/'kɔnsikreit/奉为神圣；供献consign/kən'sain/移交consort/'kɔnsɔ:t/结交conspire/kən'spaiə/阴谋；密谋construe/kən'stru:/解释；翻译contaminate/kən'tæmineit/污损contemn/kən'tem/蔑视contemplate/'kɔntempleit/凝视；沉思contradict/kɔntrə'dikt/反驳；抵触controvert/'kɔntrə,və:t,kɔntrə'və:t/驳击；辩论convene/kən'vi:n/集合convert/kən'və:t/改变；变更convoke/kən'vəuk/召集coop/ku:p/拘禁cower/'kauə/畏缩cram/kræm/填塞；仓促用功crash/kræʃ/撞碎craze/kreiz/使发狂crumple/'krʌmpl/压皱curtail/kə:'teil/减缩cabal/kə'bæl/阴谋caliber/'kælɪbə(r)/直径；才能canter/'kæntə/慢步小跑carcass/'kɑ:kəs/尸体；残骸carrion/'kæriən/腐臭的肉cascade/kæs'keid/小瀑布casualty/'kæʒjuəlti/意外cataclysm/'kætəklizəm/洪水catastrophe/kə'tæstrəfi/异常的灾祸censor/'sensə/检查员cession/'seʃən/割让chasm/'kæzəm/深坑；裂缝chore/tʃɔ:/零工；杂务chum/tʃʌm/室友cluster/'klʌstə/串；束clutter/'klʌtə/喧闹cognizance/'kɔɡnizəns/认识cohesion/kəu'hi:ʒən/附着（力）collusion/kə'l(j)u:ʒən/共谋colt/kəult/小雄驹comity/'kɔmiti/礼让compact/'kɔmpækt/契约compassion/kəm'pæʃən/怜悯condiment/'kɔndimənt/调味品congruity/kən'gru:ɪtɪ/一致connivance/kə'naɪvəns/默许conscience/'kɔnʃəns/良心consensus/kən'sensəs/一致continence/'kɔntɪnəns/自制conveyance/kən'veiəns/让与；运输cove/kəuv/小海湾creek/kri:k/小湾；小溪cuisine/kwɪˈziːn/烹调culmination/kʌlmɪ'neɪʃ(ə)n/顶点curiosity/,kjuəri'ɔsiti/好奇心callous/'kæləs/无情的，冷淡的，硬结的，起老茧的capacious/kə'peiʃəs/能容大量的capricious/kə'priʃəs/任性的captious/'kæpʃəs/好吹毛求疵的cardinal/'kɑ:dinəl/首要的；基本的carnal/'kɑ:nl/肉体的carping/'kɑ:pɪŋ/吹毛求疵的chilly/'tʃili/寒冷的clamorous/'klæmərəs/吵闹的clandestine/klæn'destin/秘密的cogent/'kəudʒənt/强有力的complimentary/,kɔmpli'ment(ə)ri/赞美的confounded/kən'faundid/惊慌失措的；困惑的congenial/kən'dʒi:njəl/意气相投的congenital/kɔn'dʒenitl/先天的conscientious/,kɔnʃi'enʃəs/正直的conspicuous/kən'spikjuəs/引人注目的conventional/kən'venʃənl/传统的；习俗的covetous/'kʌvitəs/贪心的cozy/'kəuzi/舒适的crass/kræs/愚蠢的crisp/krisp/脆的cross/krɔs/不高兴的crude/kru:d/未提炼的；生的cursory/'kə:səri/匆促的cynical/'sinikəl/冷嘲热讽的dally/'dæli/荒废（时日）dissect/di'sekt/解剖；详细研究dismal/'dizməl/阴暗的dangle/'dæŋɡl/悬摆dart/dɑ:t/投掷dawdle/'dɔ:dl/游荡dazzle/'dæzl/使目眩；使迷惑debauch/di'bɔ:tʃ/使误入歧途；败坏debilitate/di'biliteit/使衰弱decry/di'krai/非难；谴责dedicate/'dedikeit/奉献deface/di'feis/伤毁（外表或美观）defame/di'feim/诽谤；损毁名誉defile/di'fail/弄污deflect/di'flekt/使偏离deform/di:'fɔ:m/使变形defraud/di'frɔ:d/欺诈degenerate/di'dʒenəreit/退步；衰败degrade/di'ɡreid/使堕落；降级delude/di'lu:d/欺骗；迷惑demur/di'mə:/踌躇；抗议depict/di'pikt/描写；叙述deplore/di'plɔ:/悲痛；深悔depose/di'pəuz/革职；废(王位)deprecate/'deprikeit/抗议，不赞成，抨击，反对，藐视，轻视derange/di'reindʒ/使错乱deride/di'raid/嘲笑；愚弄designate/'deziɡneit/指定；指派despatch/dis'pætʃ/派遣despoil/dis'pɔil/夺取；抢劫destine/'destin/指定；命运注定detach/di'tætʃ/分开；分遣detain/di'tein/使延迟；拘留detest/di'test/憎恶dethrone/di'θrəun/废（君）devastate/'devəsteit/使荒废；破坏deviate/'di:vieit/偏离dignify/'diɡnifai/使尊荣；使显贵digress/dai'ɡres/离开本题dilate/dai'leit/使膨胀；使扩大dilute/daɪ'lu:t/稀释；冲淡diminish/di'miniʃ/减少；缩小disallow/ˌdɪsəˈlaʊ/不允；拒绝disarm/dɪsˈɑːm/缴械；解除武装disarrange/,disə'reindʒ/扰乱disband/dis'bænd/解散（军队）disclaim/dis'kleim/拒绝承认；否认discomfit/dis'kʌmfit/挫败；使混乱discompose/,diskəm'pəuz/使不安；弄乱disconcert/,diskən'sə:t/使惊惶；使不安disown/dis'əun/否认disparage/dis'pæridʒ/轻视；毁谤；贬抑distract/dis'trækt/分心；困恼disunite/disju'nait/使分离diverge/dai'və:dʒ/分歧；差异diversify/dai'və:sifai/使变化divulge/dai'vʌldʒ/宣布；泄露dodge/dɔdʒ/躲开；逃避责任doze/dəuz/小睡drizzle/'drizl/下细雨drub/drʌb/棒打decadence/'dekədəns/衰落declivity/di'kliviti/下倾的斜面default/di'fɔ:lt/不履行责任；缺乏defection/di'fekʃən/背叛deference/'defərəns/敬意deity/'di:iti/神delineation/dɪ,lɪnɪ'eɪʃən/描写demise/di'maiz/死亡；让位den/den/兽穴deposition/ˌdepəˈzɪʃn/证明；革职detraction/di'trækʃən/诽谤detriment/'detrimənt/损害dictum/'diktəm/格言diet/'daiət/饮食diffusion/di'fju:ʒən/流传；扩散dilemma/dɪˈlemə/左右为难；困境discretion/dis'kreʃən/斟酌；明辨dissension/di'senʃən/冲突；纷争dissonance/'dɪsənəns/不调和donor/'dəunə/给予者dunce/dʌns/愚蠢的人dungeon/'dʌndʒən/地牢dank/dæŋk/阴湿的dauntless/'dɔ:ntlɪs/勇敢的deceptive/di'septiv/虚伪的；骗人的deciduous/di'sidʒjuəs/每年落叶的defiant/di'faiənt/大胆反抗的decrepit/di'krepit/衰老的defunct/di'fʌŋkt/死的dejected/dɪ'jektɪd/失望的；沮丧的deleterious/,deli'tiəriəs/有害的detrimental/,detri'mentl/有害的，有损的devious/'di:vjəs/绕道的devoid/di'vɔid/缺乏的devout/di'vaut/虔诚的dexterous/'dekstərəs/机巧的diminutive/di'minjutiv/小的dingy/'dindʒi/昏暗的；肮脏的discreet/dis'kri:t/慎重的；谨慎的discrete/dis'kri:t/分立的docile/'dəusail/听话的；温顺的dolorous/'dɒlərəs/悲哀的dormant/'dɔ:mənt/蛰伏的dorsal/'dɔ:səl/背部的downcast/'daunkɑ:st/沮丧的drowsy/'drauzi/昏昏欲睡的ductile/'dʌktail/柔软的；驯良的edify/'edifai/陶冶effigy/'efidʒi/肖像；雕像educe/ɪ'dju:s/引出；推断efface/i'feis/涂抹；消除effectuate/i'fektjueit/使实现effervesce/,efə'ves/沸腾；冒泡effloresce/,eflɔ:'res/开花effuse/ɪ'fju:z/流出；散布eject/ɪ'dʒekt/喷出；逐出elapse/ɪ'læps/（时间）流走elude/i'lju:d,i'lu:d/躲避；困惑emaciate/i'meiʃieit/使瘦弱embalm/im'bɑ:m/铭记；使弥香气embellish/im'beliʃ/装饰；修饰embezzle/im'bezl/盗用（公款；公物）embitter/im'bitə/使苦；激怒embosom/im'buzəm/包围；纳于怀中emend/iˈmend/修订emulate/'emjuleit/与……竞争；效仿enact/i'nækt/制定为法律encompass/in'kʌmpəs/包围；封入encumber/in'kʌmbə/阻碍行动；烦扰endorse/in'dɔ:s/确认；赞同；支持endue/in'dju:/赋予energize/'enədʒaiz/给与精力；用力enervate/'enə:veit/使衰弱engender/in'dʒendə/产生enlist/in'list/使入伍enrage/in'reidʒ/激怒enrapture/in'ræptʃə/使狂喜；使出神entail/in'teil/惹起；使负担enthrall/in'θrɔ:l/迷惑；使服从entice/in'tais/诱惑entrap/in'træp/以网或陷阱捕捉enumerate/i'nju:məreit/枚举；计数equate/i'kweit/使相等；视为同等erode/i'rəud/蚀；腐蚀eschew/is'tʃu:/避开；远离evince/i'vins/表明；表示evoke/i'vəuk/唤起exculpate/'ekskʌlpeit/辩白；使无罪exhume/eks'hju:m/从墓中掘出extenuate/iks'tenjueit/使（罪过等）显得轻微extol/iks'tɔl/颂扬extort/iks'tɔ:t/勒索；强索extricate/'ekstrikeit/救出；使解脱extrude/eks'tru:d/挤出；逐出exude/iɡ'zju:d/渗出；流出ecstasy/'ekstəsi/恍惚；狂喜efficacy/'efikəsi/功效effrontery/e'frʌntərɪ/厚颜无耻egoism/'i:ɡəʊɪz(ə)m/自负egress/'i:ɡres/出口elation/ɪ'leɪʃ(ə)n/得意洋洋eloquence/'eləkwəns/雄辩emolument/i'mɔljumənt/报酬enigma/i'niɡmə/谜enmity/'enmiti/敌意ennui/'ɔnwi:/倦怠enormity/i'nɔ:miti/残暴entity/'entiti/存在episode/'episəud/插曲eulogy/'ju:lədʒi/颂词euphony/'ju:fəni/悦耳之音evasion/i'veiʒən/逃避exertion/iɡ'zə:ʃən/努力exodus/'eksədəs/大批离去exploit/iks'plɔit/功绩eccentric/ik'sentrik/古怪的edible/'edibl/可食的elusive/i'lju:siv/难懂的，难以捉摸的，易忘的eminent/'eminənt/闻名的equitable/'ekwitəbl/公平的；公正的erratic/i'rætik/不稳定的erroneous/i'rəunjəs/错误的erudite/'eru:dait/博学的essential/i'senʃəl/重要的；基本的estimable/'estiməbl/可估计的ethnic/'eθnik/种族的excitable/ik'saitəbl/易激动的expedient/iks'pi:diənt/权宜的；方便的expeditious/ekspɪ'dɪʃəs/敏捷的；迅速的exquisite/'ekskwizit/精美的；灵敏的extant/eks'tænt/现存的extensive/iks'tensiv/大量的；广泛的exultant/iɡ'zʌltənt/欢腾的；狂欢的fabricate/'fæbrikeit/制造；装配fickle/'fikl/多变的falter/'fɔ:ltə/胆怯famish/'fæmiʃ/使挨饿feign/fein/假装ferret/'ferit/搜索fester/'festə/化脓fete/feɪt/庆祝fetter/'fetə/束缚filch/filtʃ/偷窃flare/flɛə/闪耀flaunt/flɔ:nt/飘荡flay/flei/剥……的皮fleck/flek/饰以斑点flout/flaut/嘲弄fluster/'flʌstə/使慌乱foist/'fəuist/蒙骗fret/fret/激怒fritter/'fritə/切碎fulminate/'fʌlmineit/猛烈爆发facet/'fæsit/小平面fagot/'fæɡət/柴把fatalism/'feɪtəlɪz(ə)m/宿命论fealty/'fi:əltɪ/忠诚fecundity/fi'kʌndətɪ/丰富feint/feint/假装ferment/'fə:mənt/骚动；激动fetish/'fi:tiʃ,'fetiʃ/神物figment/'fiɡmənt/虚构之事flaw/flɔ:/裂缝；缺陷flexibility/,fleksə'biliti/柔韧性flora/'flɔ:rə/一切植物flux/flʌks/流动；焊剂foliage/'fəuliidʒ/叶（集合称）ford/fɔ:d/浅滩fray/frei/争吵；冲突fruition/fruˈɪʃn/完成；享受fusion/'fju:ʒən/熔解；联合facetious/fə'si:ʃəs/好开玩笑的；滑稽的facile/'fæsaɪl/轻而易举的；随和的factious/'fækʃəs/好搞党派的factitious/fæk'tiʃəs/人为的；不自然的fallacious/fə'leiʃəs/欺骗的fallow/'fæləu/休耕的famished/ˈfæmɪʃt/极饥饿的fatuous/'fætjuəs/愚昧的feeble/'fi:bl/微弱的fell/fel/残忍的ferocious/fə'rəuʃəs/凶猛的fervent/'fə:vənt/白热的；强烈的fervid/'fə:vid/热情的；灼热的flaccid/'flæksid/软弱的；松弛的fitful/'fitful/一阵阵的；断续的flimsy/'flimzi/脆弱的；薄弱的florid/'flɔrid/颜色鲜丽的；鲜红的fluffy/'flʌfɪ/蓬松的；松软的；毛茸茸的；无内容的forcible/'fɔ:səbl/易怒的；脾气坏的fractious/'frækʃəs/易怒的；脾气坏的frantic/'fræntik/狂乱的fraudulent/'frɔ:djulənt/欺诈的；不诚实的frigid/'fridʒid/严寒的frowzy/'fraʊzɪ/不整洁的；臭的fuddled/'fʌdld/醉的fulsome/'fulsəm/可厌的；令人作呕的funereal/fjuˈnɪəriəl/葬礼的；忧郁的gad/ɡæd/闲逛gag/gæg/塞住……的嘴gainsay/ɡein'sei/否认；反驳gambol/'ɡæmbəl/欢跳；雀跃gape/ɡeip/张嘴garner/'ɡɑ:nə/收藏garnish/'ɡɑ:niʃ/加装饰gash/ɡæʃ/深切gauge/ɡedʒ/精确计量germinate/'dʒə:mineit/发芽gibe/dʒaib/讥笑glaze/ɡleiz/使光滑；变钝gleam/gli:m/发闪光；闪现glean/ɡli:n/收集gloat/ɡləut/贪婪地看glut/glʌt/使吃饱gnaw/nɔ:/啮goad/ɡəud/剌激；煽动gorge/ɡɔ:dʒ/塞饱；狼吞虎咽grip/ɡrip/抓住grope/ɡrəup/摸索grumble/'ɡrʌmbl/喃喃诉苦gabble/'ɡæbl/急促而不清楚地说出gage/ɡeidʒ/挑战；抵押gait/ɡeit/步态gale/ɡeil/大风garment/'ɡɑ:mənt/衣服garrulity/ɡə'ru:liti/饶舌gazette/ɡə'zet/报纸；公报gem/dʒem/珠宝gentility/dʒen'tiliti/有教养；文雅gentry/'dʒentri/绅士guile/ɡail/诈术guise/ɡaiz/外观；装束garrulous/'ɡæruləs/爱说话的gauche/ɡəuʃ/笨拙的；粗鲁的germane/dʒə:'mein/有关系的；适切的glassy/'ɡlɑ:si/透明的glib/ɡlib/口齿伶俐的gloomy/'ɡlu:mi/暗的；忧闷的greedy/'ɡri:di/贪婪的grouchy/'ɡraʊtʃɪ/不悦的；愠怒的grim/grim/冷酷的；可怕的gruff/ɡrʌf/粗暴的；粗野的grumpy/'ɡrʌmpi/性情暴躁的gusty/'ɡʌsti/起大风的haggle/'hæɡl/争论halt/hɔ:lt/立定；踌躇harass/'hærəs/侵扰harrow/'hærəu/使伤心harry/'hæri/掠夺；困扰haul/hɔ:l/拖；拉heave/hi:v/用力举起hinge/hindʒ/依……而定howl/haul/咆哮hamlet/'hæmlit/小村hap/hæp/幸运；偶然发生之事hatchet/'hætʃit/手斧heresy/'herəsi/异端；邪说hilarity/hi'læriti/欢乐holocaust/'hɔləkɔ:st/大屠杀homily/'hɔmili/讲道hubbub/'hʌbʌb/嘈杂husbandry/'hʌzbəndri/耕种；节用hybrid/'haibrid/杂种；混血儿haphazard/'hæp'hæzəd/偶然的；随便的hazy/'heizi/有雾的；模糊的hectic/'hektik/发热的；紧张兴奋的hilarious/hi'lɛəriəs/高兴的；热闹的hirsute/'hə:sju:t/多毛的ignite/iɡ'nait/使燃着illicit/i'lisit/违法的impassible/im'pæsəbl/无知觉的impeccable/im'pekəbl/无瑕疵的imperative/im'perətiv/急需的；命令的impertinent/im'pə:tinənt/粗鲁的impetuous/im'petjuəs/猛烈的；鲁莽的impious/'impiəs/不虔诚的impromptu/im'prɔmptju:/临时的incipient/in'sipiənt/初期的incoherent/,inkəu'hiərənt/不连贯的indefatigable/,indi'fætiɡəbl/不疲倦的ineligible/in'elidʒəbl/无资格的；不适当的inept/i'nept/不适宜的insidious/in'sidiəs/狡猾的intense/in'tens/非常的；紧张的internal/in'tə:nl/内在的intricate/'intrikit/错综复杂的；难懂的intrinsic/in'trinsik/本质的；本身的imbibe/im'baib/饮imbue/im'bju:/浸染immolate/'iməuleit/牺牲impair/im'pɛə/损害impale/im'peil/围以木桩；剌穿impeach/im'pi:tʃ/非难；指责implicate/'implikeit/牵连importune/im'pɔ:tju:n/不断地请求imprecate/'imprikeit/诅咒improvise/'imprəvaiz/即席而作incapacitate/,inkə'pæsiteit/使不能incarcerate/in'kɑ:səreit/监禁incriminate/in'krimi,neit/控告；使负罪inculcate/in'kʌlkeit/谆谆教诲；鼓吹indemnify/in'demnifai/使安全；偿付indent/in'dent/以契约束缚indite/in'dait/著作infringe/in'frindʒ/侵犯；违反insinuate/in'sinjueit/迂回进入；暗示instigate/'instiɡeit/鼓动intensify/in'tensifai/使强intrude/in'tru:d/侵扰inure/i'njuə/使惯于invert/in'və:t/倒转invoke/in'vəuk/恳求isolate/'aisəleit/使隔离ideology/ˌaɪdiˈɒlədʒi/意识idiosyncrasy/,idiə'siŋkrəsi/个人心理上的特点immobility/,iməu'biliti/固定；静止immodesty/i'mɔdisti/无礼impetus/'impitəs/推动力impropriety/,imprə'praiəti/不适当impurity/im'pjuəriti/不纯incentive/in'sentiv/刺激；动机incongruity/ˌɪnkɒnˈɡruːəti/不和谐(之物) incredulity/,inkri'dju:liti/不信indictment/in'daitmənt/起诉indignity/in'diɡniti/侮辱infirmity/in'fə:miti/虚弱inkling/'iŋkliŋ/暗示innuendo/,inju'endəu/暗指insomnia/in'sɔmniə/失眠intelligence/in'telidʒəns/智力intimacy/'intiməsi/熟悉；亲近intimidation/in,timi'deiʃən/胁迫intuition/ˌɪntjuˈɪʃn/直觉idiotic/,idi'ɔtik/愚蠢的illegible/i'ledʒəbl/难读的impartial/im'pɑ:ʃəl/公平的jangle/'dʒæŋɡl/争吵jar/dʒɑ:/震动jeer/dʒiə/揶揄；嘲笑jerk/dʒə:k/急拉jettison/'dʒetisn,-tizn/抛弃jog/dʒɔɡ/轻撞；提醒jolt/dʒəult/摇动jumble/'dʒʌmbl/混杂jug/dʒʌɡ/壶jurisdiction/,dʒuəris'dikʃən/司法权jocose/dʒə'kəus/滑稽的jovial/'dʒəʊviəl/快活的ken/ken/视界knell/nel/丧钟lampoon/læm'pu:n/写文章languish/'læŋɡwiʃ/变衰弱lash/læʃ/打laud/lɔ:d/赞美lease/li:s/租legalize/'li:ɡəlaiz/合法化，法律认可liberate/'libəreit/释放loathe/ləuð/厌恶loot/lu:t/掠夺lug/lʌg/用力拖拉lurch/lə:tʃ/突然倾斜lure/ljuə/引诱lurk/lə:k/躲藏labyrinth/'læbərinθ/迷宫；错综复杂之事件lackey/'læki/男仆；跟班lagoon/lə'ɡu:n/礁湖legion/'li:dʒən/军队levity/'leviti/轻浮lode/ləud/矿脉lank/læŋk/细长的listless/'listlis/冷漠的；不留心的maculate/'mækjuleit/弄污maim/meim/使残废manipulate/mə'nipjuleit/操作masticate/'mæstikeit/吃maze/meiz/使迷惘meander/mi'ændə/蜿蜒而流meddle/'medl/干预mediate/ˈmiːdieɪt/居中斡旋merit/'merit/应得mete/mi:t/分配mince/mins/切碎mollify/'mɔlifai/缓和muddle/'mʌdl/弄糟malady/'mælədi/疾病malediction/,mæli'dikʃən/诅咒；诽谤martinet/,mɑ:ti'net/履行严格纪律的人maxim/'mæksim/格言mentor/'mentɔ:/良师misgiving/mis'ɡiviŋ/疑惧；疑虑mishap/'mishæp , mis'hæp/不幸moiety/'mɔiəti/一半mote/məut/微粒malignant/mə'liɡnənt/恶毒的manful/'mænful/刚毅的；勇敢的mediocre/,mi:di'əukə ; 'mi:diəukə/平庸的menial/'mi:njəl/低贱的mincing/'minsiŋ/矫饰的minuscule/mi'nʌskju:l/小写的；小的morbid/'mɔ:bid/不健康的moribund/'mɒrɪbʌnd/将死的nauseate/'nɔ:sieit/使恶心nettle/'netl/激怒nurture/'nə:tʃə/养育nook/nuk/角落；隐匿处nostalgia/nɔs'tældʒiə/乡愁novice/'nɔvis/新信徒；生手naval/'neivəl/海军的nocturnal/nɔk'tə:nl/夜间的null/nʌl/无效的numb/nʌm/麻木的obliterate/ə'blitəreit/消减obtrude/əb'tru:d/闯入obviate/ˈɒbvieɪt/排除originate/ə'ridʒineit/发起obloquy/'ɔbləkwi/谴责opulence/'ɔpjuləns/财富；富裕oracle/'ɔrəkl/神谕oration/ə'reiʃən/演说ordeal/ɔːˈdiːl/严酷的考验palliate/'pælieit/减轻palatable/'pælətəbl/味美的palpitate/'pælpiteit/跳动；颤抖parch/pɑ:tʃ/使焦干parry/'pæri/躲开peculate/'pekjuleit/盗用perturb/pə'tə:b/扰乱pester/'pestə/使困恼petrify/'petri,fai/变为化石；使发呆pinion/'pinjən/束缚placate/plə'keit/安抚；和解plash/plæʃ/激溅plow/plau/耕作pluck/plʌk/摘，拉plunder/'plʌndə/抢夺plunge/plʌndʒ/投入ply/plai/使用pollute/pəˈluːt/污染prate/preit/喋喋不休precipitate/pri'sipiteit/投下，突发preclude/pri'klu:d/排除，防止premise/'premis/前提presage/'presidʒ/预兆prevaricate/pri'værikeit/支吾其词profane/prə'fein/亵渎promulgate/'prɔməlɡeit/宣布propagate/'prɔpəɡeit/繁殖propitiate/prə'piʃieit/安抚；使息怒propound/prə'paund/提出prorogue/prə'rəuɡ/休会proscribe/prəu'skraib/禁止protract/'prɔtrækt/延长protrude/prə'tru:d/伸出provoke/prə'vəuk/激怒pulsate/pʌl'seit , 'pʌlseit/有规律的跳动purge/pə:dʒ/洗清patricide/'pætrisaid/杀父者penury/ˈpenjəri/贫穷perjury/'pə:dʒəri/伪证pinnacle/'pinəkl/顶点plague/pleiɡ/疫病presumption/pri'zʌmpʃən/推定；猜想probity/'prəubiti/正直proclivity/prə'kliviti/倾向progenitor/prə'dʒenitə/祖先progeny/'prɔdʒini/子孙prognostic/prɔɡ'nɔstik/预兆proxy/'prɔksi/代理人psyche/'saɪki/精神puddle/'pʌdl/泥坑purport/pə'pɔːt , 'pɜːpɔːt/主旨；意义permissible/pə'mɪsəbl/可容许的phlegmatic/fleɡ'mætik/冷漠的；迟钝的placid/'plæsid/安静的profitless/'prɔfɪtlɪs/无益的quell/kwel/压制quibble/'kwibl/模棱两可地说quiver/'kwivə/振动quandary/'kwɔndəri/困惑；窘境query/'kwiəri/质问；问题rally/'ræli/重整rot/rɔt/腐烂rant/rænt/大声叫喊；咆哮ratify/'rætifai/批准ravage/'rævidʒ/破坏raze/reiz/摧毁rebuke/ri'bju:k/斥责rebut/ri'bʌt/辩驳，驳回recant/ri'kænt/公然撤回recapitulate/,ri:kə'pitjuleit/简述要旨；反复reconcile/'rekənsail/和解recruit/ri'kru:t/补充reef/ri:f/收(帆)；收缩reek/ri:k/发出水汽；发出臭气rehabilitate/,ri:(h)ə'biliteit/恢复reimburse/,ri:im'bə:s/偿还reiterate/ri:'itəreit/重述relinquish/ri'liŋkwiʃ/放弃rend/rend/撕破render/'rendə/还给renounce/ri'nauns/否认renovate/'renəuveit/革新replenish/ri'pleniʃ/补充repudiate/ri'pju:dieit/拒绝retrograde/'retrəuɡreid/退后reverberate/ri'və:bəreit/回音revile/ri'vail/辱骂riddle/'ridl/解谜；穿孔ruffle/'rʌfl/使皱ruminate/'ru:mineit/沉思rack/ræk/巨大痛苦rage/reidʒ/激怒；愤怒ramp/ræmp/斜路rancor/'ræŋkə(r)/怨恨ransom/'rænsəm/赎金；赔偿金rapture/'ræptʃə/狂喜rascal/'rɑ:skəl/恶棍rebate/'ri:beit , ri'beit/部分款项的退还；减少recipient/ri'sipiənt/接受者recluse/ri'klu:s/隐士recognition/,rekəɡ'niʃən/认识；承认recollection/,rekə'lekʃən/记起；回想recourse/ri'kɔ:s/求助；赖以帮助的人regimen/'redʒimen/养生之道relapse/ri'læps/复发；回复remnant/'remnənt/残余requital/ri'kwaitl/酬劳resemblance/ri'zembləns/相似reticence/'retɪsəns/沉默retribution/,retri'bju:ʃən/报应reverence/'revərəns/尊敬rigor/'riɡə/严厉revolution/,revə'lu:ʃən/革命ruffian/ˈrʌfiən]/恶棍rupture/'rʌptʃə(r)/破裂；失和renowned/rɪ'naʊnd/著名的ruinous/ˈruːɪnəs /毁坏的；荒废的rustic/'rʌstɪk/乡村的rusty/'rʌstɪ/生锈的；荒废的saddle/'sædl/使负担sapience/'seɪpɪəns/智慧sociable/'səuʃəbl/好交际的satiate/'seiʃieit/使饱；使满足saturate/'sætʃəreit/浸透savor/'seivə/尝味scathe/skeið/损伤scoff/skɔf/嘲笑scoop/sku:p/掘scrape/skreɪp/刮scratch/skrætʃ/抓伤scribble/'skribl/潦草书写scrub/skrʌb/（用力）擦洗scrutinize/'skrutinaiz/细察scud/skʌd/疾行scuffle/'skʌfl/混战scurry/'skʌri/疾走，快跑scuttle/'skʌtl/疾走seethe/si:ð/沸腾；起泡沫shackle/'ʃækl/加桎梏；束缚sheathe/ʃi:ð/（将刀剑）插入鞘shove/ʃʌv/推挤shred/ʃred/切成碎片shriek/ʃri:k/发出尖锐的叫声shun/ʃʌn/避开skim/skim/掠过skulk/skʌlk/藏匿；潜行slake/sleik/息（怒）slant/slɑ:nt/倾斜slit/slit/割裂smack/smæk/微有(某)味smash/smæʃ/破碎smear/smiə/涂；弄脏sneak/sni:k/潜行sneer/sniə/嘲笑sniff/snif/以鼻吸气sojourn/ˈsɒdʒən/逗留；寄居spawn/spɔ:n/产卵squall/skwɔ:l/尖叫squander/'skwɔndə/浪费stagger/'stæɡə/蹒跚stalk/stɔ:k/高视阔步stare/steə(r)/凝视sublimate/'sʌblimeit/使升华suffuse/sə'fju:z/布满sully/'sʌli/玷污supersede/,sju:pə'si:d/替代surmise/'sə:maiz/臆测swell/swel/膨胀swelter/'sweltə/热昏synchronize/'sɪŋkrənaɪz/同时发生sanity/'sæniti/神智清楚sarcasm/'sɑ:kæzəm/讽刺；挖苦satire/'sætaiə/讽刺scandal/'skændl/丑闻scatterbrain/'skætəbreɪn/注意力不集中的人schism/'sizəm/分裂scope/skəup/范围；余地screed/skri:d/碎片scripture/'skriptʃə/经文scroll/skrəul/目录；纸卷scruple/'skru:pl/踌躇；顾忌scrutiny/'skru:tini/详审scuff/skʌf/拖足而走sculpture/'skʌlptʃə/雕刻seclusion/si'klu:ʒən/隐居；退隐segment/'seɡmənt/部分；片selfishness/'selfiʃnis/自私semblance/'sembləns/类似；外观sentry/'sentri/守望；哨兵serenity/si'reniti/安静；从容shade/ʃeid/荫；阴暗siege/si:dʒ/围困；围攻slag/slæɡ/渣滓slap/slæp/掴snarl/snɑ:l/混乱spike/spaik/大钉spine/spain/脊骨splash/splæʃ/污迹splendor/'splendə/光彩；壮观spouse/spauz/配偶spray/sprei/水花squad/skwɔd/小队；班stall/stɔ:l/厩；摊位stamina/'stæminə/体力；精力staple/'steipl/主要产品；纤维；原料statue/'stætju:/像strain/strein/紧张；张力strait/streit/海峡；困难strap/stræp/皮带streak/stri:k/条纹；短时间subjection/səb'dʒekʃən/征服；服从submission/səb'miʃən/屈服；服从suffrage/'sʌfridʒ/投票；同意suspense/səs'pens/焦虑sustenance/'sʌstinəns/生计；营养物swarm/swɔ:m/群sagacious/sə'ɡeiʃəs/睿智的salutary/'sæljutəri/有益健康的sturdy/'stə:di/不屈的；顽强的sluggish/'slʌɡiʃ/怠惰的stray/strei/漂泊的；偶然的sulky/'sʌlki/愠怒的sultry/'sʌltri/闷热的superfluous/,sju:'pə:fluəs/过多的；不必要的tally/'tæli/符合tamper/'tæmpə/干预tantalize/'tæntəlaɪz/折磨；使着急teem/ti:m/充满temporize/'tempəraɪz/见风使舵terminate/'tə:mineit/终结throttle/'θrɔtl/使窒息thrust/θrʌst/力推thump/θʌmp/重击tipple/'tipl/常饮；酗酒tolerate/'tɔləreit/容忍toll/təul/鸣（钟）tow/təu/拖traduce/trə'dju:s/中伤transact/trænˈzækt/处理transcend/træn'send/超越transform/træns'fɔ:m/使变形，变换transmute/trænz'mju:t/使变形transpire/træns'paiə/排出；蒸发traverse/trəˈvɜːs , ˈtrævɜːs/反对；走过tug/tʌɡ/拖曳tact/tækt/老练；机智tactics/'tæktiks/战术tenement/'tenimənt/家屋；住宅terror/'terə/恐怖testimony/'testiməni/证言thrall/'θrɔ:l/奴隶throng/θrɔŋ/群众torment/'tɔ:ment/痛苦trash/træʃ/废物travesty/'trævisti/滑稽化tremor/'tremə/颤抖trend/trend/倾向trial/'traiəl/审判tribulation/,tribju'leiʃən/苦难tumult/'tju:mʌlt/骚动turmoil/'tə:mɔil/骚动；混乱twig/twiɡ/小枝tentative/'tentətiv/暂时的；试验性的therapeutic/θerə'pju:tik/治疗的transitory/'trænsitəri/短暂的tumid/'tju:mid/肿胀的undulate/'ʌndjuleit/起伏unearth/'ʌn'ə:θ/发掘；发现upbraid/ʌp'breid/谴责uphold/ʌp'həuld/举起；支撑uncouth/ʌn'ku:θ/粗鲁的；笨拙的vanish/'væniʃ/消失veer/viə/（风）改变方向vex/veks/使烦恼vindicate/'vindikeit/辩明；主张vacillation/,væsi'leiʃən/优柔寡断；动摇valor/'vælə/勇气vanity/'væniti/空虚variation/,vɛəri'eiʃən/变化vault/vɔ:lt/拱形圆屋顶；地窖vehemence/'vi:iməns/热切；激烈venom/'venəm/毒液；恶意ventilation/venti'leiʃən/通风veracity/və'ræsiti/真实性vertigo/'və:tiɡəu/眩晕vigor/'viɡə/精力vivacity/vɪˈvæsəti/快活vulgarity/vʌl'ɡærɪtɪ/粗俗waddle/'wɔdl/蹒跚而行wag/wæg/摇摆wan/wɔn/（使）变苍白wither/'wiðə/凋谢wring/riŋ/扭wail/weil/哭泣warrant/'wɑ:ənt/保证；权限。

词汇题精选11. The word "intriguing" in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) changing (B) perfect (C) visible (D) fascinating2,The phrase “teeming with ”in line 2 is closest in meaning to(a)full of (b)developing into (c)resistant to (d)hurt by7.The word “postulated” in line 19 is closest in meaning to(a)analyzed (b)doubted (c)persuaded (d)suggested32. The word "sweep" in line 1 could best be replaced by which of the following?(A) brush(B) extend(C) clear (D) hurry35. The word "technically" in line 7 is closest in meaning to(A) partially (B) similarly (C) likely (D) officially43. The word "facilitate" in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) enable(B) require (C) organize (D) examine47. The word "inaccessible" in line'18 is closest in meaning to(A) unreachable(B) undiscovered (C) unexplored (D) unpredictable13. The word” sustain” in line 6 is closets in meaning to(A) select(B) strain(C) support(D) store22. The word "bound" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) covered (B) chosen (C) planned (D) held8. The word “periphery” in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) depth (B) landmass (C) warm habitat (D) outer edge43. The word "haul" in line 10 is closest in meaning to(A) diet (B) type (C) load (D) branch45. The word "strip" in line 14 is closest in meaning to(A) search (B) eat (C) carry (D) remove46. The word "probe" in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) change (B) watch (C) explore(D) create7. The word "edge" in line 17 is closest in meaning toA. opportunityB. advantageC. purposeD. rest8. The word "permeated" in line 15(A) opposed(B) improved(C) competed with(D) spread through21. The word “forage” in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) look up (B) walk toward (C) revolve around (D) search for food22. The word “intermittently” in live 4 is closest in meaning to(A) periodically(B) incorrectly (C) rapidly (D) roughly27. The word “furnish” in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) include (B) provide (C) cover (D) select28. The word “oscillating “ in line 17 is closest in meaning to(A) falling (B) depositing (C) swinging(D) starting11. The word "obscure" in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) interesting (B) unclear(C) imperfect (D) complex18. The word "load" in line 23 is closest in meaning to(A) weight(B) number (C) section (D) level37. The word "prolific" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) fruitful(B) distinct (C) determined (D) energetic2. The word "preserved" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) confused with others (B) gradually weakened(C) protected from destruction(D) lost permanently7. The word "constant" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) comfortable (B) combined (C) consistent(D) complementary9. The word "attained" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) required (B) achieved(C) observed (D) merited23. The word "yet" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) however (B) since (C) generally (D) so far27. The word "rudimentary" in line 21 is closest in meaning to(A) superior (B) original (C) basic (D) technical33. The word "agents" in line 5 is closest in meaning toA). dangers B). examples C). areas D). causes44. The word "estimated" in line 11 is closest in meaning toA). commented B). judged C). observed D). discovered48. The phrase “pry off" in line 21 is closest in meaning toA). swallow B). remove C). squeeze D). locate49. The word "littered" in line 22 is closest in meaning toA). covered B). displayed C). fertilized D). planted37. The word "scurrying" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) agreeing (B) appearing (C) competing (D) rushing49. The word "sedentary" in line 29 is closest in meaning to(A) inactive (B) inefficient (C) unchangeable (D) unbalanced4. In line 13, the word "oversaw" is closest in meaning to(A) estimated(B) supervised(C) collected(D) provided5. In line 15, the word "'delivered'" is closest in meaning to(A) confirmed(B) compared(C) questioned(D) presented9. In line 22, the word "boasted" is closest in meaning to(A) planned(B) financed(C) was forced to close (D) took pride in having23. The word "versions" in line 10 is closest in meaning to(A) ideas(B) numbers(C) functions(D) forms26. The word "customary" in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) necessary(B) attractive(C) legal(D) usual27. The phrase "according to" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) in addition to(B) in order to(C) regardless of(D) depending on13. The word “source” in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) quantity(B) result(C) basis(D) cost16. The word “unchronicled” in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) unquestioned(B) unexplained(C) unnoticed(D) unrecorded18. The word “clues” in line 14 is closest in meaning to(A) proofs(B) indications(C) colors(D) variations20. The phrase "gave rise to" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) replaced by(B) favored over(C) brought about(D) found out11. The word "resumed" in line 7 is closest in meaning tobegan again held back thought over referred to14. The phrase "attests to" in line 21 is closest in meaning tomakes up for combines with interferes with gives evidence ofprecise poor simple dull18. The word "prominent" in line 27 is closest in meaning tocomplex noticeable appealing perfect3. The phrase “hinged on” in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) recovered from (B) depended on(C) started on (D) contributed to5. The word “lured” in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) attracted(B) assigned (C) restricted (D) attached7.The word “expendable” in line 21 is closest in meaning to(A) nonproductive (B) unacceptable (C) nonessential (D) unprofitable15.The phrase “subscribed to” in line 8 is closest in mea ning to(a)contributed to (b)agreed with(c)thought about (d)expanded on19.The word “stunning” in line 24 is closest in meaning to(a)predictable (b)impressive (c)famous (d)gradual23 The word “partitioning” in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) division(B) modification (C) opening (D) circulating25 The word “enhanced” in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) implied (B) increased (C) indicated (D) informed33. The word "biting" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) simple (B) sorrowful (B) frequent (D) sharp35. The word "heightened" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) complicated (B) directed (C) observed (D) increased36. The word "meticulous" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) careful(B) significant (C) appropriate (D) believable33. The word "counter" in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) explain (B) measure (C) exploit (D) overcome38. The word "unprecedented" in line 25 is closest in meaning to(A) not extensive (B) not used often(C) not existing before(D) not needing money33 The word “ignited” in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) set on fire(B)cut into (C)opened (D) shaken35 The word “evolution” in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) publicity (B)adoption (C)development(D) manufacture38 The word “momentarily” in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) effortlessly (B)briefly(C)electronically (D) gradually8. The word "sums" in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) problems (B) amounts(C) services (D) debts2. The word "coarse" in line 1 is closest in meaning to(A) decorative (B) natural (C) crude(D) weak6. The word "brittle" in line 17 is closest in meaning to(A) easily broken(B) roughly made (C) hairy (D) shiny29. The word “attained” in line 4 is closest in meaning to(A) Attempted (B)changed (C)lost (D)reached30. The word “flamed” in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) Burned(B)Divided (C)Fallen (D)grown(A) planned (B) rational (C) required (D) accurate25. The word "exercise" in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) utilize (B) consider (C) design (D) defend26. The word "elicit" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) compose (B) rule out (C) predict (D) bring out40. The word "standard" in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) practical (B) customary(C) possible (D) unusual45. The word "strain" in line 23 is closest in meaning to(A) struggle (B) strength (C) strategy (D) stress46. The word "Accordingly" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) However (B) Consequently(C) Nevertheless (D) Ultimately25. The word “fortuitous” in line 6 is closet in meaning to(A) important (B) sudden(C) early (D) lucky29. The word "thwarted" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) continued (B) influenced (C) encouraged (D) frustrated3. The phrase "frowned on" in line 11 is closest in meaning togiven up forgotten about argued about disapproved of8. The word "disseminated" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) played (B) documented (C) spread(D) analyzed23. The word "strikingly" in line 4 is closest in meaning to(A) aggressively (B) specifically (C) noticeably (D)occasionally26. The phrase “carried on” in line 10 is closest in meaning to(A) conducted (B) supervised (C) moved about (D) improved27. The word "necessitated" in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) identified (B) replaced (C) required(D) supplied31. The word “Hence” in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) moreover (B) nevertheless (C) in contrast (D) for these reasons41. The word “exceptional” in line 2 is closest in meaning toremarkable fearless expert visible46. The word “enhancement” in line 20 is closest in meaning toreplacement design improvemen t decoration47. The word “revitalize” in line 22 is closest in meaning toshow the importance of promise to enlarge bring new life to provide artworks for 49. The wo rd “executing” in line 28 is closest in meaning tojudging selling explaining producing42 The word “depict” in line 2 is closest in meaning toreorganize deform represent justify47 The word “affront” in line 22 is closest in meaning toinsult encouragement return credit12. The word "ornate" in line 7 is closest in meaning toA). elaborate B). puzzling C). durable D). common15. The phrase "derived from" in line 19 is closest in meaning toA). ruined by B). warned against C). based on D). sold by42. The word “encompass” in line 1 is closest in meaning toseparate include replace enhance46. The phrase “came to the forefront” in line 16 is closest in meaning togrew in complexity went through a process changed its approach became important。

【托福备考】托福词汇模拟练习题精选试题及答案（八）托福单词记忆对于大多数托福考生来说是一大难点。

托福词汇的学习需要放在文章语境中去记忆和理解。

以下为大家带来十道托福词汇模拟练习题精选试题(八)，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助！431 ・Glass fibers were little more than a novelty until the 1930* s, when their thermal and electrical insulating properties were appreciated and methods for producing continuous filaments were developed・The word ^appreciated*' is closest in meaning to which of following(A)experienced(B)recognized(C)explored(D)increased432・ The scarce fossils of the Proterozoic, mostly single-celled bacteria, provide little evidence in this regard・ However, the rocks themselves do include the earliest evidence for glaciation, probably a global ice age・The word u scarce" is closest in meaning to which of following(A)ancient(B)tiny(C)available(D)rare433. In rocks in Canada near Lake Huron (dating from the early part of the Proterozoic age), there are thin laminae of fine-grained sediments that resemble varves, the annual layers of sediment deposited in glacial lakes・The word u resemble" is closest in meaning to which of following(A)result from(B)penetrate(C)look like(D)replace434・ Watching the behaviors diverse animal species in their natural habitats, Lorenz, a nd Tinbergen observed behavior patterns that promote surviva1・The w ord u diverse v is closest in meaning to which of following(A) small(B) varied(0 w订d(D) particular435・ The most well-known of these is imprinting, the early following behavior of certain baby birds that ensures that the young will stay close to their mother and be fed and protected from danger・The word M ensures M is closest in meaning to which of following(A) guarantees(B) proves(0 teaches(D) assumes436・ It refers to a limited time span during which the child is biologically prepared to acquire certain adaptive behaviors but needs the support of suitably stimulating environment・The w ord u suitably M is closest in meaning to which of following(A) willingly(B) moderately(0 appropriately(D) emotionally437・ The development of attachment in human infants is a lengthy process involvingchanges in psychological structures that lead to a deep affectional tie between parent and baby.The phrase u affectional tie M is closest in meaning to which of following(A)cognitive development(B)emotional attachment(C)psychological need(D)behavioral change438 ・ Locke strongly suggested that individuals, while accepting their Americanism, take pride in their African ancestral arts and urged artists to look to Africa for substance and inspiration・The word u urged" is closest in meaning to which of following(A)prepared(B)defined(C)permitted(D)encouraged439・ From this unity created by the convergence of artists from various social and geographical backgrounds came a new spirit, which, particularly in densely populated Harlem, was to result in greater group awareness and seif-determination・The word u convergence M is closest in meaning to which of following(A)gathering(B)promotion(C)expression(D)influence440. African American graphic artists took their place beside the poets and writers of the Harlem Renaissance and carried on efforts to increase and promote the visual arts・The phrase u carried on" is closest in meaning to which of following(A)continued(B)praised(C)transformed(D)connected参考答案：BDCBACBDAA。

TPO56 阅读-1 Alfred Wegener’s Theory of Continental Drift原文 (1)译文 (2)题目 (3)答案 (8)背景知识 (8)原文Alfred Wegener’s Theory of Continental Drift①In 1912, the German geologist Alfred Wegener proposed that Earth’s continents are mobile rafts of lighter crust that have shifted over time by plowing their way through the denser crust of the oceans. The theory, called continental drift, was partly motivated by the apparent fit, like puzzle pieces, of the coastlines of South America and Africa. Wegener first presented his theory of continental drift at a meeting and in a paper, and then as a book, The Origin of Continents and Oceans, published in 1915. He continued to write updated versions of this work until his death in an ill-fated expedition to Greenland in 1930. Wegener maintained that Earth is composed of concentric shells of increasing density from crust to core. The outermost shell is not continuous but made of continental blocks of lighter rock called sial (an acronym for silica-and aluminum-rich rock) floating in the denser sima (silica- and magnesia-rich rock) underlying the oceans. All the continents had been joined in the supercontinent of Pangaea. As the continent broke up, the pieces moving apart left bits behind, explaining the presence of nonvolcanic islands and island chains, according to Wegener. Where the moving pieces collided, mountains formed. They were thrust up either by the plowing of the continents through the sima, as in the case of the Andes, or by the colliding of two blocks of sial, as in the case of the Himalayas. As for the force driving continental drift, Wegener initially invoked Polfluchtkraft—a force causing flight from the poles as a result of Earth’s rotation—and later the tidal force resulting from the gravitational attraction between Earth and the Moon and Sun.②One of the most influential geologists to join the mobilist camp, as the drifters school became known, was Arthur Holmes. Holmes recognized the importance of radioactive heat—which had recently been discovered—and realized that there must be a mechanism to remove it from Earth’s interior. That mechanism, heargued, is convection—the rising of less dense material and the sinking of more dense material. He went on to propose that the mantle (the part of Earth’s interior below the outer crust and above the core) convects in large, circulating patterns, and that this motion carries the continents across Earth’s surface. He also related crustal movement and mantle convection to the evolution of mountain belts. Wegener adopted Holmes’s mechanism in the last rendition of his theory. Holmes, for his part, presented his grand concept of a dynamic Earth in his influential and popular text Principles of Physical Geology, published in 1944.③Although it was eventually supplanted by the theory of plate tectonics, Wegener’s theory of continental drift influenced science because it explained disparate observations, because it was placed in the context of existing theories, and because it offered a coherent view of Earth’s evolution. For example, Wegener showed not only that the coastlines on opposite sides of the Atlantic fit together, but that geologic features on the different continents fit as well. He asserted that the Appalachians, which can be traced northward through the Canadian Maritime Provinces, match the Caledonian Mountains in Scotland and Norway. He marshaled evidence from the distributions of fossil and living species to argue that land bridges joining continents were less likely than a single continent. The example commonly cited is that of Mesosaurus, a shoreline scavenger reptile that lived in the Permian period and is found as fossils in rocks on both sides of the South Atlantic Ocean. Mesosaurus was thought not to be a great swimmer, certainly not able to cross an ocean.④Wegener also found supporting evidence in ancient climates. Mounting observations indicated that the past climate of many regions was much different from the present climate. In the tropics, geologists had found sand and gravel left by ancient glaciers, and in rainy regions they had located prehistoric deserts. Then there was the discovery, by a British expedition, of plant fossils only 600 kilometers (370 miles) from the South Pole. Particularly puzzling was evidence suggesting that widely different climates in different regions had occurred at the same time, so one could not account for different climates by claiming simply that the whole of Earth was once hotter or once cooler than now. Wegener solved this dilemma by showing that observations of paleoclimate could be explained if the positions of the continents had shifted relative to those of the poles.译文阿尔弗雷德·魏格纳的大陆漂移理论①1912年，德国地质学家阿尔弗雷德·魏格纳提出，地球上的大陆是由较轻的地壳组成的移动筏，随着时间的推移，它们穿过密度较大的海洋地壳。

历年托福词汇题精选440题及答案001. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women's right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary women.The word "representative" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) typical(B) satisfied(C) supportive(D) distinctive002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today.The word "prized" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) valued(B) universal(C) uncommon(D) preserved003. The Art Nouveau style was a major forcein the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century.The word "overtaken" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) surpassed(B) inclined(C) expressed(D) applied004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word "intervals" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) records(B) speeds(C) distances(D) periods005. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes.The word "freeing" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) pushing(B) releasing(C) strengthening(D) draining006. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle.The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) drop(B) extend(C) melt(D) drift007. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done." Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's members.The word "collective" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) necessary(B) typical(C) group(D) particular008. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a seriousmoment with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.The word "resolve" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) avoid repeating(B) talk about(C) avoid thinking about(D) find a solution for009. Thousands of tons were extracted before 1875, when it was first noticed that the tar contained fossil remains. Major excavations were undertaken that established the significance of this remarkable site.The word "noticed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) predicted(B) announced(C) corrected(D) observed010. Since then, over 100 tons of fossils, 1.5 million from vertebrates, 2.5 million from invertebrates, have been recovered, often in densely concentrated tangled masses.The word "tangled" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) buried beneath(B) twisted together(C) quickly formed(D) easily dated011. The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, and forms shallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust.The word "concealed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) highlighted(B) covered(C) transformed(D) contaminated012. The ocean bottom --- a region nearly 2. 5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth --- is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted, until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep. The word "inaccessible" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) unrecognizable(B) unreachable(C) unusable(D) unsafe013. The DSDP's drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.The word "extracting" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) breaking(B) locating(C) removing(D) analyzing014. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger's voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.The word "strength" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) basis(B) purpose(C) discovery(D) endurance015. For every three Canadians in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Canada's population passed the 20 million mark. Most of this surging growth came from natural increase.The word "surging" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) new(B) extra(C) accelerating(D) surprising016. When the prairies were being settled, undoubtedly, the good economic conditions of the 1950's supported a growth in the population, but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size of families.The word "trend" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) tendency(B) aim(C) growth(D) directive017. After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline. It continued falling until in 1966, it stood at the lowest level in 25 years.The word "peak" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) pointed(B) dismal(C) mountain(D) maximum018. Although the growth in Canada's population had slowed down by 1966 (the increase the first half of the 1960's was only nine percent) , another large population wave was coming over the horizon. It would be composed of the children who were born during the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957.The phrase "prior to" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) behind(B) since(C) during(D) preceding019. Advocates of organic foods --- a term whose meaning varies greatly --- frequently proclaim that such products are safer and more nutritious than others.The word "Advocates" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) Proponents(B) Merchants(C) Inspectors(D) Consumers020. There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones, that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs, that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains, and the like. The word "unsubstantiated" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) unbelievable(B) uncontested(C) unpopular(D) unverified021. But in many cases consumers are misled if they believe organic foods can maintain health and provide better nutritional quality than conventionally grown foods. So there is real cause for concern if consumers, particularly those with limited incomes, distrust the regular food supply and buy only expensive organic foods instead.The word "maintain" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) improve(B) monitor(C) preserve(D) restore022. In addition, there were performers and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. The word "considerable" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) thoughtful(B) substantial(C) relational(D) ceremonial023. In addition, there were performers and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. The word "enactment" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) establishment(B) performance(C) authorization(D) season024. Staggering tasks confronted the people of the United States, North and South, when the Civil War ended. About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilian life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word "Staggering" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) specialized(B) confusing(C) various(D) overwhelming025. About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilian life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy.The word "devastated" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) developing(B) ruined(C) complicated(D) fragile026. Some botanists hypothesized that the living cells of plants acted as pumps. But many experiments demonstrated that the stems of plants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights.The word "demonstrated" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) ignored(B) showed(C) disguised(D) distinguished027. As water is lost from the surface of the leaves, a negative pressure, or tension, is created. The evaporated water is replaced by water moving from inside the plant in unbroken columns that extend from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create surface tension in any sample of water are responsible for the maintenance of these unbroken columns of water.The word "extend" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) stretch(B) branch(C) increase(D) rotate028. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the premodern era.The word "vast" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) large(B) basic(C) new(D) urban029. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas.The word "sparked" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) brought about(B) surrounded(C) sent out(D) followed030. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years-lots that could have housed five to six million people.The word "potential" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) certain(B) popular(C) improved(D) possible031. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.The word "outstanding" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) extensive(B) surprising(C) vertical(D) excellent032. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in asmall area around Holzamden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time.The word "site" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) example(B) location(C) development(D) characteristic033. The quality of preservation is almost unmatched, and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.The phrase "account for " is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) record(B) describe(C) equal(D) explain034. In the seventeenth century the organ, the clavichord, and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group, a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century.The words "a supremacy" in line 9 are closest in meaning to(A) a suggestion(B) an improvement(C) a dominance(D) a development035. A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brilliance.The word "myriad" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) noticeable(B) many(C) loud(D) unusual036. Each one was virtually a stone town, which is why the Spanish would later call them pueblos, the Spanish word for towns. These pueblos represent one of the Anasazis' supreme achievements. At least a dozen large stone houses took shape below the bluffs of Chiaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico.The word "supreme" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) most common(B) most outstanding(C) most expensive(D) most convenient037. They functioned as sanctuaries where the elders met to plan festivals, perform ritual dances, settle pueblo affairs, and impart tribal lore to the younger generation.The word "settle" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) sink(B) decide(C) clarify(D) locate038. Then, to connect the pueblos and to give access to the surrounding tableland, the architects laid out a system of public roads with stone staircases for ascending cliff faces.The word "ascending" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) arriving at(B) carving(C) connecting(D) climbing039. Within a very short time, however, the incongruity of playing lively music to a solemn film became apparent, and film pianists began to take some care in matching their pieces to the mood of the film.The word "solemn" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) simple(B) serious(C) short(D) silent040. Certain films had music especially composed for them. The most famous of these early special scores was that composed and arranged for D. W. Griffith's film Birth of a Nation, which was released in 1915.The word "composed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) selected(B) combined(C) played(D) createdThe word "scores" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) totals(B) successes(C) musical compositions(D) groups of musicians041. The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate rocks that are semimolten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust.The word "comprises" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) adapts to(B) benefits from(C) consists of(D) focuses on042. These plates move over the semimolten lower mantle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occurs are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.The word "intense" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) surface(B) sudden(C) rare(D) extreme043. New oceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth's crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions of lava at midocean ridges. The word "margins" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) edges(B) peaks(C) interiors(D) distances044. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents, a rift is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the sea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates move in opposite directions.The word "support" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) separate(B) create(C) reduce(D) hold045. Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being. The word "appreciation" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) ignorance(B) recognition(C) tolerance(D) forgiveness046. An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominant, most-distinctive feature-the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues.The word "bias" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) concern(B) disadvantage(C) attitude(D) prejudice047. The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada.The word "prevailing" is closest in meaning towhich of following?(A) most frequent(B) occasional(C) gentle(D) most dangerous048. There seem to have been several periods within the last tens of thousands of years when water accumulated in these basins. The rise and fall of the lakes were undoubtedly linked to the advances and retreats of the great ice sheets that covered much of the northern part of the North American continent during those times. The word "accumulated" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) dried(B) flooded(C) collected(D) evaporated049. All living creature, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?The phrase "bizarre" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) odd(B) marine(C) simple(D) rare050. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.The phrase "casts off" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) grows again(B) grabs(C) gets rid of(D) uses as a weapon 051. A folk culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals.The word "homogeneous" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) uniform(B) general(C) primitive(D) traditional052. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent in Anglo-America is the Amish, a German American farming sect that largely renounces the products and labor saving devices of the industrial age.The phrase "largely renounces" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) generally rejects(B) greatly modifies(C) loudly declares(D) often criticizes053. Secular institutions, of control such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a money-based economy prevails. Because of these contrasts, "popular" may be viewed as clearly different from "folk".The word "prevails" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) dominates(B) provides(C) develops(D) invests054. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms.The word "subtle" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) complex(B) regular(C) imagined(D) slight055. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information.The word "compile" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) put together(B) look up(C) pile high(D) work over056. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. The word "raw" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) stormy(B) inaccurate(C) uncooked(D) unprocessed057. People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos. The word "Prospect" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) regret(B) possibility(C) theory(D) circumstance058. Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenth and early nineteenth century, the population roughly doubled every generation during the rest of the nineteenth centuries. As the population grew, its makeup also changed. The word "roughly" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) harshly(B) surprisingly (C) slowly(D) approximately059. Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility in the nineteenth century had special implications for women because these changes tended to magnify social distinctions. As the roles men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home.The word "magnify" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) solve(B) explain(C) analyze(D) increaseThe word "distinctions" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) differences(B) classes(C) accomplishments(D) characteristics060. In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced.The word "related" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) connected(B) described(C) completed(D) identified061. If observations confirm the scientists' predictions, the theory is supported.The word "supported" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) finished(B) adjusted(C) investigated(D) upheld062. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. The phrase "forward-looking" is closest inmeaning to which of following?(A) progressive(B) popular(C) thrifty(D) well-established063. Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary.The word "rudimentary" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) growing(B) undeveloped(C) necessary(D) uninteresting064. Aside from perpetuating itself, the sole purpose of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters is to "foster, assist and sustain an interest" in literature, music, and art.The word "sole" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) only(B) honorable(C) common(D) official065. One award subsidizes a promising American writer's visit to Rome. There is even an award for a very good work of fiction that failed commercially-once won by the young John Updike for The Poorhouse Fair and, more recently, by Alice Walker for In Love and Trouble.The word "subsidizes" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) assures(B) finances(C) schedules(D) publishes066. Committee membership rotates every year, so that new voices and opinions are constantly heard.The word "rotates" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) alternates (B) participates(C) decides(D) meets067. One important line of evidence comes from flaking patterns of stone cores used in tool making: implements flaked with a clockwise motion (indicating a right-handed toolmaker) can be distinguished from hose flaked with a counter-clockwise rotation (indicating a left-handed toolmaker) .The word "implements" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) tools(B) designs(C) examples(D) pieces068. Even scratches found on fossil human teeth offer clues. Ancient humans are thought to have cut meat into strips by holding it between their teeth and slicing it with stone knives, as do the present-day Inuit.The word "clues" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) solutions(B) details(C) damage(D) information069. The variation between the hemispheres corresponds to which side of the body is used to perform specific activities. Such studies, as well as studies of tool use, indicate that right-or left-sided dominance is not exclusive to modern Homo sapiens.The word "hemispheres" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) differences(B) sides(C) activities(D) studies070. Plants are subject to attack and infection by a remarkable variety of symbiotic species and have evolved a diverse array of mechanisms designed to frustrate the potential colonists.The phrase "subject to" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) susceptible to(B) classified by(C) attractive to(D) strengthened by071. The external surfaces of plants, in addition to being covered by an epidermis and a waxy cuticle, often carry spiky hairs known as trichomes, which either prevent feeding by insects or may even puncture and kill insect larvae.The word "puncture" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) pierce(B) pinch(C) surround(D) cover072. Orchids are unique in having the most highly developed of all blossoms, in which the usual male and female reproductive organs are fused in a single structure called the column. The word "fused" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) combined(B) hidden(C) fertilized(D) produced073. To lure their pollinators from afar, orchids use appropriately intriguing shapes, colors, and scents. At least 50 different aromatic compounds have been analyzed in the orchid family, each blended to attract one, or at most a few, species of insects or birds.The word "lure" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) attract(B) recognize(C) follow(D) help074. Once the right insect has been attracted, some orchids present all sorts of one-way obstacle courses to make sure it does not leave until pollen has been accurately placed or removed.The word "placed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) estimated (B) measured(C) deposited(D) identified075. By such ingenious adaptations to specific pollinators, orchids have avoided the hazards of rampant crossbreeding in the wild, assuring the survival of species as discrete identities. At the same time they have made themselves irresistible to collectors.The word "discrete" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) complicated(B) separate(C) inoffensive(D) functional076. The public school system suddenly found itself overtaxed. While the number of schoolchildren rose because of wartime and postwar conditions, these same conditions made the schools even less prepared to cope with the flood.The word "overtaxed" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) well prepared(B) plentifully supplied(C) heavily burdened(D) charged too much077. Therefore, in the 1950's and 1960's, the baby boom hit an antiquated and inadequate school system. Consequently, the "custodial rhetoric" of the 1930's and early 1940's no longer made sense; that is, keeping youths aged sixteen and older out of the labor market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high priority for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children aged five to sixteen.The word "inadequate" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) deficient(B) expanded(C) innovative(D) specialized078. With the baby boom, the focus of educators and of laymen interested in education inevitably turned toward the lower。

托福初中英语试题及答案 一、听力理解（共20分） 1. What does the man mean? A. He will go to the party. B. He is too busy to go to the party. C. He doesn't like parties. Answer: B

2. What is the woman's suggestion? A. To take a taxi. B. To walk to the station. C. To wait for the next bus. Answer: A

3. Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In a classroom. C. In a restaurant. Answer: C

4. What is the man's opinion about the book? A. It's too difficult. B. It's very interesting. C. It's too expensive. Answer: B

5. What does the woman want to do? A. To go shopping. B. To watch a movie. C. To study for the test. Answer: C

二、词汇与语法（共30分） 6. The teacher asked us to write a composition ________ 300 words. A. in B. at C. of D. with Answer: A

7. She ________ to the concert last night. A. didn't go B. wasn't go C. don't go D. wasn't going Answer: A

托福词汇题题型一、词汇题1 - 5。

1. The word “rudimentary” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. basic.- B. complex.- C. theoretical.- D. practical.- Passage excerpt: “The early methods of making paper were rather rudimentary. People simply mashed up plant fibers and dried them into sheets.”- Answer: A. “Rudimentary” here describes the early methods of making paper as being simple or basic. “Complex” is the opposite. “Theoretical” and “practical” do not fit the context as well as “basic” does.2. The word “prolific” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. scarce.- B. productive.- C. slow - growing.- D. endangered.- Passage excerpt: “The region is known for its prolific wildlife. There are numerous species of birds, mammals, and reptiles.”- Answer: B. “Prolific” in this context means there is a large amount or is very productive. “Scarce” means the opposite. “Slow - growing”and “endangered” do not convey the sense of abundance that “productive”does.3. The word “dormant” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. active.- B. sleeping.- C. growing.- D. dead.- Passage excerpt: “During the winter, many plants become dormant. Their growth slows down, and they seem to be at rest.”- Answer: B. “Dormant” means in a state of inactivity or sleep, like the plants in winter. “Active” is the opposite. “Growing” is notcorrect as the plants' growth has slowed. “Dead” is too extreme as the plants are just in a resting state.4. The word “vulnerable” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. strong.- B. resistant.- C. defenseless.- D. healthy.- Passage excerpt: “The small, isolated population of animals is very vulnerable to environmental changes. A slight alteration in their habitat could be disastrous.”- Answer: C. “Vulnerable” means being at risk or defenseless. “Strong” and “resistant” are the opposite of what is meant. “Healthy”does not relate to the idea of being at risk from environmental changes.5. The word “abundant” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. scarce.- B. plentiful.- C. rare.- D. unique.- Passage excerpt: “There are abundant resources in this area. Thereis a large supply of water, minerals, and fertile soil.”- Answer: B. “Abundant” means existing in large quantities or plentiful. “Scarce” and “rare” are the opposite. “Unique” does not convey the sense of a large quantity.二、词汇题6 - 10。

托福词汇题整理一、词汇题1 - 5。

1. The word “profound” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. deep.- B. strong.- C. natural.- D. complex.- Passage context: The discovery had a profound impact on thescientific community. It changed the way scientists thought about theorigin of the universe.- Answer: A. “Profound” in this context means having a deep or far - reaching effect. “Strong” mainly refers to force or intensity,“natural” is related to nature, and “complex” means complicated, which are not the best synonyms for “profound” in this case.2. The word “vital” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. essential.- B. active.- C. living.- D. small.- Passage context: Water is vital for all living organisms. Without it, life cannot exist.- Answer: A. “Vital” here means necessary or essential. “Active” is more about being in motion or engaged in activity, “living” refers to being alive which is not the correct sense of “vital” in this context, and “small” has no relation to the meaning of “vital”.3. The word “diverse” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. different.- B. similar.- C. colorful.- D. unique.- Passage context: The forest is home to a diverse range of species, including birds, mammals, and insects.- Answer: A. “Diverse” means having variety or being different. “Similar” is the opposite of what “diverse” means, “colorful” is more related to color rather than variety of species, and “unique” implies being one of a kind which is not the same as diverse.4. The word “subtle” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. slight.- B. obvious.- C. important.- D. new.- Passage context: There was a subtle change in the weather. It was hardly noticeable at first.- Answer: A. “Subtle” means not obvious or slight. “Obvious” is the opposite of “subtle”, “important” is not related to the meaning of “subtle” in this context, and “new” has no connection to the sense of being not easily noticed.5. The word “abundant” in the passage is closest in meaning to.- A. scarce.- B. plentiful.- C. rare.- D. large.- Passage context: There are abundant resources in this region, such as coal, water, and timber.- Answer: B. “Abundant” means existing in large quantities or being plentiful. “Scarce” and “rare” are the opposite of “abundant”, and while “large” can refer to size, it is not the best synonym for “abundant” when referring to the quantity of resources.二、词汇题6 - 10。

史上最全托福词汇题590题——（新托150题+老托440题）资料说明：这里是最全的托福词汇题，包括新托福TPO词汇题150题，和老托历史所有词汇题（俗称440题，托福阅读词汇1976-2004.10）。

一份超级牛的词汇资料，基本可以覆盖90%的阅读词汇题目。

当然，如果想考到105分以上，那这份词汇资料还是不充分的，但是如果你的目标只是100分，那么这份资料已经完全足够帮你搞定托福阅读词汇题了。

新托福TPO阅读词汇题150题前言我们的大脑会在遇到特定的情况时，非常自然的去遵循某种模式，比如说，打喷嚏的时候，人们会自然的说：“有人想你了。

”当打碎玻璃杯子的时候，人们会安慰：“碎碎平安。

”这些不断重复的事件积累起来，被人们牢记于心，而且在又一次出现的时候，被人们再次遵从这些现象。

对于记忆词汇的人们来说也存在同样的过程。

我们抱着一本单词书和一本鸡血书（或是视频、男/女神照片……），萦绕着信誓旦旦奋斗的情绪，恨不得早些搞定托福来弥补曾今脑子进过的水和回馈自己流过的汗水，因为重复积累记忆是最有效的背诵方式，不断的重复背诵各种词汇书就成为了鸡血生活的一部分。

在鸡血了一段时间后，发现自己能够将词汇书中的词汇记下来的数量少之又少，久而久之，干脆养成了看那些已经明白了的单词，而忽略那些怎么也记不下来的单词，这样的学习效果实在是惨不忍睹。

有同学说，背单词就是重复嘛，我重复了许多遍就记下来了；有同学说，背单词就是重复嘛，但我重复了许多遍还是记不下来。

重复的确是能够塑造记忆的方式，而对于记不下来的同学来说，要清楚你所重复的内容是否为有意义的信息。

就像你只重复记忆那些已经背好的单词，没有背过的单词自然就不会和你产生缘分。

每天试着多看一些你不认识的单词吧，就像读了《葵花宝典》，不去挥刀自宫还是练不成。

背单词有两个方向：一个是不断去重复记忆新的单词，另一个是不断实践使用已经记下来的单词。

对于后者来说，《托福TPO阅读词汇题》这个文档存在的意义就是利用托福真题中的词汇题来让你实践。

T P O 4inhibit=restrict 限制，禁止in the same breath=immediately 立即indefinite period=whose end has not been determined 不定期的rebound=recovery 复原，重获a marked degree=a considerable degree 很大程度上principal=major 主要的environmental trappings=environmental decorations 装饰accumulate=build up 累积adjacent=nearby 临近的sloping=inclining 倾斜的foul=pollute 污染TPO 5exhibit=show 展示facilitate=make easier 促进suspended=hung 悬浮的afford=offer 提供，支付的起overwhelming=powerful 有力的，强大的implement=tool 工具undisputed=acknowledged 认可的，无可争议的significant=important 重要的relatively=comparatively 相对地diversification=emergence of many varieties 多样化promote=encourage 激励TPO 6exploit=utilize 利用vastly=greatly 极大地，深远地grow accustomed to=become used to 习惯于retain=maintain 保持rudimentary=basic 基础的meticulously=carefully 仔细地，严谨地endure=survive 忍受，存活virtually=nearly 事实上，几乎plausible=believable 可信的phenomenon=occurrence 现象，发生的事件critically=fundamentally 根本地perspective=viewpoint 观点TPO 7objective=purpose 目的scores of=large numbers of 大量的turbulent=violent 暴力的obsession with=fixation on 痴迷于foster=encourage 培育，激励sphere=area 范围diffuse=spread 传播profound=far-reaching 深远地ritual=ceremonial 仪式flee=run away from 逃避TPO 8massive=very large 大量的pinpoint=identify precisely 精确描述，精确定位ingenuity=cleverness 精巧predominant=principal 主要的cope=adapt 处理，适应fluctuation=variation 变化，波动bombard=strike 敲击，轰炸disruption=disturbance 干扰merge=combine 融合relics=remains 遗迹miniature=small 小的hint=clue 线索TPO 9persuasively=convincingly 令人信服地prior to=before 在..之前vast=huge 大的inhospitable=not suitable 不好客的，不适合的impetus=incentive 动机justify=support 证明..正确flourish=succeed 使繁荣，使成功objective=unbiased 没有偏见的，客观的compelling=persuasive 强制的，有说服性的at random=without a definite pattern 乱序地abundantly=plentifully 丰富地，大量地propagate=multiply 传播，繁殖dormant=inactive 静止的TPO 10status=importance 地位evolve=develop 发展instigate=cause 煽动whereas=while 然而striking=noticeable 显着的erratic=unpredictable 不稳定的deliberation=discussion 深思熟虑invoke=call upon 祈求key=important 重要的meager=very low 缺乏的innovation=new development 创新TPO 11vital=essential 至关重要的context=environment 环境，上下文core=center 核心depict=portray 描述perplex=puzzle 使困惑preposterous=unbelievable 荒谬的accumulating=increasing 累积的impose on=place on 强加于artificial=not real 人造的，假的prediction=expectation 预测pinpoint=locate exactly 精确描述，精确定位derive=gain 获取TPO 12assist in=help with 帮助depict=picture 描述criteria=standards 标准regard=consider 认为paradox=contradiction 自相矛盾overshadow=distract from 使阴暗，使分心neglect=fail 没有做成..事drastically=severely 彻底地，严重地dweller=inhabitant 居住者fracture=crack 分裂immobile=motionless 固定的TPO 13complex=elaborate 复杂的，详尽的endow=provide 赋予，提供size up=evaluate 测量deviate=depart 使偏离，越轨consequently=therefore 因此persistent=enduring 持久的duration=length 持续sustained=uninterrupted 稳定的uniformly=consistently 一致地potent=powerful 强大的quantifiable=measureable 可测量的TPO 14verify=establish the truth of 验证，核实adept=skillful 熟练的attribute=characteristic 特征credible=believable 可靠的paradoxically=surprisingly 出人意料地prolonged=extended 延长的exhausted=used up 疲惫的，耗尽的prestige=status 名望profound=far-reaching 深远地striking=noticeable 显着的exploit=use to advantage 开采，利用TPO 15interlock=link 连接match=equal 能匹配的transform=change 转变deceiving=misleading 欺骗性的，误导性的static=unchanging 稳定的unique among=different from all other 独特的feat=remarkable achievement 功绩bulk=mass 大量course through=run through 通过extended=long 延长的account for=explain 解释intense=extreme 极端的。

托福阅读黄金阅读词汇题例题汇总及答案1.Another major discovery was made in Egypt in 1989. Several skeletons of another early whale, Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by the Tethys Sea and now exposed in the Sahara desert. This whale lived around 40 million years ago, 12million years after Pakicetus. Many incomplete skeletons were found but they included, for the first time in an archaeocyte, a complete hind leg that features a foot with three tiny toes. Such legs would have been far too small to have supported the 50-foot-long Basilosaurus on land. Basilosaurus was undoubtedly a fully marine whale with possibly nonfunctional, or vestigial, hind legs. The word exposed in the passage(paragraph 4)is closest in meaning toA.explainedB.visibleC.identifiedD.located2.One result of rent control is a decrease in the construction of new rental units. Rent Controls have artificially depressed the most important long-term determiant of profitability-rents.The word depressed in the passage is closest in meaning to which of the following?A.saddenedB.createdC.loweredD.defeated3.This unprecedented development of a finite groundwater resource with an almost negligible natural recharge rate—that is, virtually no natural water source to replenish the water supply—has caused water tables in the region to fall drastically. In the 1930’s, wells encountered plentiful water at a depth of about 15 meters; currently, they must be dug to depths of 45 to 60 meters or more. In places, the water table is declining at a rate of a meter a year,.......The word unprecedented in the passage is closest in meaning toA.difficult to controlB.without any restrictionC.unlike anything in the pastD.rapidly expanding4...........Says that "since the early 1940s, the state has had more deer than at any other time in its history, the winter population fluctuating around approximately 320,000 deer (mule and black-tailed deer), which will yield about 65,000 of either sex and any age annually for an indefinite period."The word indefinite in the passage is closest in meaning toA.whose end has not been determinedB.that does not begin when expectedC.that lasts only brieflyD.whose importance remains unknown5.The Psychodynamic Approach. Theorists adopting the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understanding human behavior, including aggression. Sigmund Freud, for example, believed that aggressive impulses are inevitable reactions to the frustrations of daily life.Children normally desire to vent aggressive impulses on other people, including their parents, because even the most attentive parents cannot gratify all of their demands immediately. Yet children, also fearing their parents' punishment andthe loss of parental love, come to repress most aggressive impulses........The word inevitable in the passage is closest in meaning toA.UnavoidableB.regrettableC.controllableD.unsuitable6.Paragraph 1: The development of the modern presidency in the United States began with Andrew Jackson who swept to power in 1829 at the head of the Democratic Party and served until 1837. During his administration, he immeasurably enlarged the power of the presidency. "The President is the direct representative of the American people," he lectured the Senate when it opposed him. "He was elected by the people, and is responsible to them." With this declaration, Jackson redefined the character of the presidential office and its relationship to the people.The word immeasurably in the passage is closest in meaning toA.frequentlyB.greatlyC.rapidlyD.reportedly7.The large hind legs were used for propulsion in water. On land, where it probably bred and gave birth, Ambulocetus may have moved around very much like a modern sea lion. It was undoubtedly a whale that linked life on land with life at sea.The word propulsion in the passage is closest in meaning toA.staying afloatB.changing directionC.decreasing weightD.moving forward8.In winter the heat produced by a city can equal or surpass the amount of heat available from the Sun. All the heat that warms a building eventually transfers to the surrounding air, a process that is quickest where houses are poorly insulated. But an automobile produces enough heat to warm an average house in winter, and if a house were perfectly insulated, one adult could also produce more than enough heat to warm it. Therefore, even without any industrial production of heat, an urban area tends to be warmer than the countryside that surrounds it.The word surpass in the passage is closest in meaning toA.remain belowB.be higher thanC.add toe close to9.....Children normally desire to vent aggressive impulses on other people, including their parents, because even the most attentive parents cannot gratify all of their demands immediately. Yet children, also fearing their parents' punishment and the loss of parental love, come to repress most aggressive impulses. The Freudian perspective, in a sense: sees us as "steam engines." By holding in rather than venting "steam," we set the stage for future explosions. Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may be expressed toward parents in indirect ways such as destroying furniture, or they may be expressed toward strangers later in life.The word gratify in the passage is closest in meaning toA. identifyB.modifyC.satisfyD.simplify10.The opposite of an opportunist is a competitor. These organisms tend to have big bodies, are long-lived, and spend relatively little effort each year on reproduction. An oak tree is a good example of a competitor.A massive oak claims its ground for 200 years or more, outcompeting all other would-be canopy trees by casting a dense shade and drawing up any free water in the soil.The word massive in the passage is closest in meaning toA.hugeB.ancientmonD.successful11.In the animal world the task of moving about is fulfilled in many ways. For some animals locomotion is accomplished by changes in body shape.The word locomotion in the passage is closest in meaning toA.evolutionB.movementC.survivalD.escape12.One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings, in turn, can lead to aggressive action, but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people's motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other people's motives. For example, they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not.The word distort in the passage is closest in meaning toA.mistrustB.misinterpretC.criticizeD.resent13.Cities, then, are warmer than the surrounding rural areas, and together they produce a phenomenon known as the urban heat island. Heat islands develop best under particular conditions associated with light winds, but they can form almost any time. The precise configuration of a heat island depends on severalfactors. For example, the wind can make a heat island stretch in the direction it blows. When a heat island is well developed, variations can be extreme; in winter, busy streets in cities can be 1.7℃ warmer than the side streets.The word configuration in the passage is closest in meaning toA.locationB.historyC.temperatureD.shape14.The interaction of improved processing and high demand led to the rapid spread of the cultivation of cotton and to a surge in production.The word surge in the passage is closest in meaning toA.sharp increaseB.sudden stopC.important changeD.excess amount15.Absenteesim and lateness hurt productivity and , since work was specialized, disrupted the regular factory routine.The word disrupted in the passage is closest in meaning toA.prolongedB.establishedC.followedD.upset16.The ephemeral plants evade drought. Given a year of favorable precipitation, such plants will develop vigorously and produce large numbers of flowers and fruit. This replenishes the seed content of the desert soil. The seeds then lie dormant until the next wet year, when the desert blooms again.In saying the ephemerals will develop vigorously when there is favorable precipitation, the author means that their development will beA.suddenB.earlyC.gradualD.strong and healthy17.The Ansazi lived in houses constructed of adobe and wood. Anasazi houses were originally built in pits and were entered from the roof. But around 700 A.D., the Anasazi began to build their homes above ground and join them together into rambling multistoried complexes, which the Spanish called pueblos or villages. The word pits in the passage is closest in meaning toA.stagesB.scarsC.seedsD.holes18.Cotton could be grown throughout the South, but separating the fiber-or lint- from the seed was alaborious process.The word laborious in the passage is closest in meaning toA.unfamiliarB.primitiveC.skilledD.difficult19.The art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915. Although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920s, it was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century.The word overtaken in the passage is closest in meaning toA.surpassedB.inclinedC.expressedD.applied20.Although limited to a skull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans. The word precious in the passage is closest in meaning toA.exactB.scarceC.valuableD.initial21....... Although most fossils are found in marine sedimentary rocks, they also are found in terrestrial deposits left by streams and lakes. On occasion, animals and plants have been preserved after becoming immersed in tar orquicksand, trapped in ice or lava flows, or engulfed by rapid falls of volcanic ash.The word terrestrial in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. landB.protectedC.alternativeD.similar22.Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food, even when the diet is supplemented with seeds and fruits.The word precarious in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. uncertainB.humbleC.worthyD.unuaual23.The main conflict in the novel is between a mother who places a high value on hard work and honnor and a son who repudiates his mother's values instead preferring the easier path to fortune and celebrity. The word repudiates in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. refuses to acceptB.lives up toC.tries to understandD.makes the best of24.Thus the presence of many well-marked rubs is indicative of older, higher-status males being in the general vicinity rather than simply being a crude measure of relative deer abundance in a given area. The information conveyed by the olfactory signals on a buck rub make it the social equivalent of some auditory signals in other deer species, such as trumpeting by bull elk.The word crude in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. roughefulC.necessaryD.obvious25.Teachers, it is thought, benefit from thepractice of reflection, the conscious act of thinking deeply about andcarefully examining the interactions and events within their own cators T. Wildman and J. Niles (1987) describe a scheme for developingreflective practice inexperienced teachers. This was justified by the view that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually involved intheir role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity ofscientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.The word justified in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. supportedB.shapedC.stimulatedD.suggested26.So much for unconsolidated sediments. Consolidated (or cemented) sediments, too, contain millions of minute water-holding pores. This is because the gaps among the original grains are often not totally plugged with cementing chemicals; also, parts of the original grains may become dissolved by percolating groundwater, either while consolidation is taking place or at any time afterwards. The result is that sandstone, for example, can be as porous as the loose sand from which it was formed.The phrase So much for in the passage is closest in meaning toA. That is enough thatB.Now let us turn toC.Of greater concern areD.This is related to27.About 3,500 B.C., climatic conditions again deteriorated. The Sahara slowly became drier and lakes vanished. On the other hand, rainfall increased in the interior of western Africa, and the northern limit of the tsetse fly, an insect fatal to cattle, moved south. So the herders shifted south, following the major river systems into savanna regions. By this time, the Saharan people were probably using domestic crops, experimenting with such summer rainfall crops as sorghum and millet as they move out of areas where they could grow wheat, barley, and other Mediterranean crops.The word deteriorated in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. became unstableB.caused hardshipC.changed completelyD.got worse28.In the early 1760s, a gifted young Scot named James Watt was drawn to a critical study of the steamengine. Watt was employed at the time by the University of Glasgow as a skilled crafts worker making scientific instruments. In 1763, Watt was called on to repair a Newcomen engine being used in a physics course. After a series of observations, Watt saw tha t the New comen’s waste of energy could be reduced by adding a separate condenser.The word gifted in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. independentB.talentedC.famousD.ambitious29.At the same time, the image that the spectator looked at expanded from the minuscule peepshow dimensions of 1 or 2 inches (in height) to the life-size proportions of 6 or 9 feet.The word expanded in the passage is closest in meaning toA. was enlargedB.was improvedC.was variedD. was rejected30.Some species of tuna have specialized grooves in their tongue. It is thought that these grooves help to channel water through the mouth and out the gill slits, thereby reducing water resistance.The word channel in the passage is closest in meaning toA. reduceB.removeC.directD. Provide31.The native Americans of northern California were highly skilled at basketry, using the reeds, grasses, barks and roots they found around them to fashion articles of all sorts and sizes--not only trays, containers, and cooking pots, but also hats, boats, fish traps, baby carriers, and ceremonial objects.The word fashion in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. maintainanizeC.tradeD. Create32.The technology is in place for a major expansion of wind power worldwide. Wind power is a virtually unlimited source of energy at favorable sites, and even excluding environmentally sensitive areas, the global potential of wind power is much higher than the current world electricity use. In theory, Argentina, Canada, Chile, China, Russia, and the United Kingdom could use wind to meet all of their energy needs. Wind power experts project that by the middle of the twenty-first century wind power could supply more than 10 percent of the world’s electricity and 10-25 percent of the electricity used in the United States. The word project in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. estimateB.respondC.argueD. Plan33.I n other cases, the finer partiles may be removed, while the sand-sized particles are accumulated to form mobile hills or ridges of sand.The word finer in the passage is closest in meaning to?34.And when game moved out the lowlands in early spring, the expedition decided to return east rather than face possible starvation.The word finer in the passage is closest in meaning to?35. Causing participants in experiments to smile, for example, leads them to report more positive feelings and to rate cartoons (humorous drawings of people or situations) as being more humorous. When they are caused to frown, they rate cartoons as being more aggressive.The word rate in the passage is closest in meaning toA. judgeB.rejectC.drawD. Want37.Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of others, and emotional health. Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker perceives the listener's receptiveness, interest, or sympathy in any given conversation can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed.The word evidenced in the passage is closest in meaning to\A. questionedB.repeatedC.indicatedD. exaggerated38.Paragraph 3: At times, it is actually possible to watch the effects of natural selection in host-parasite relationships. For example, Australia during the 1940 s was overrun by hundreds of millions of European rabbits. The rabbits destroyed huge expanses of Australia and threatened the sheep and cattle industries. In 1950, myxoma virus, a parasite that affects rabbits, was deliberately introduced into Australia to control the rabbit population. Spread rapidly by mosquitoes, the virusdevastated the rabbit population. The virus was less deadly to the offspring of surviving rabbits, however, and it caused less and less harm over the years. Apparently, genotypes (the genetic make-up of an organism) in the rabbit population were selected that were better able to resist the parasite. Meanwhile, the deadliest strains of the virus perished with their hosts as natural selection favored strains that could infect hosts but not kill them. Thus, natural selection stabilized this host-parasite relationship.The word devastated in the passage is closest in meaning to○ Influenced○ Infected○ strengthened○ destroyed39. Paragraph 4: In contrast to parasitism, in commensalism, one partner benefits without significantly affecting the other. Few cases of absolute commensalism probably exist, because it is unlikely that one of the partners will be completely unaffected. Commensal associations sometimes involve one species' obtaining food that is inadvertently exposed by another. For instance, several kinds of birds feed on insects flushed out of the grass by grazing cattle. It is difficult to imagine how this could affect the cattle, but the relationship may help or hinder them in some way not yet recognized.The word inadvertently in the passage is closest in meaning to○Inde fensibly○Substantially○Unintentionally○Partially40. The complex interplay of species in symbiotic relationships highlightsan important point about communities: Their structure depends on a web of diverse connections among organisms.The word highlights in the passage is closest in meaning to○Defines○Emphasizes○Reflects○Suggests41. Why were these hundreds of thousands of settlers-most of them farmers, some of them artisans-drawn away from the cleared fields and established cities and villages of the East? Certain characteristics of American society help to explain this remarkable migration. The European ancestors of some Americans had for centuries lived rooted to the same village or piece of land until some religious, political, or economic crisis uprooted them and drove them across the Atlantic. Many of those who experienced this sharp break thereafter lacked the ties that had bound them and their ancestors to a single place. Moreover, European society was relatively stratified; occupation and social status were inherited. In American society, however, the class structure was less rigid; some people changed occupations easily and believed it was their duty to improve their social and economic position. As a result, many Americans were an inveterately restless, rootless, and ambitious people. Therefore, these social traits helped to produce the nomadic and daring settlers who kept pushing westward beyond the fringes of settlement. In addition, there were other immigrants who migrated west in search of new homes, material success, and better lives.The word "fringes" in the passage is closest in meaning toO bordersO groupsO typesO directions42. The spread of this river valley agriculture in various parts of Asia and Africa was the decisive factor in the rise of the first civilizations. The increase in food production in these regions led to a significant growth in population, while efforts to control the flow of water to maximize the irrigation of cultivated areas and toprotect the local inhabitants from hostile forces outside the community provoked the first steps toward cooperative activities on a large scale. The need to oversee the entire process brought about the emergence of an elite that was eventually transformed into a government.The word “provoked” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. securedB. coordinatedC. modeledD. brought about43.Growth, reproduction, and daily metabolism all require an organism to expendenergy. The expenditure of energy is essentially a process of budgeting, just as finances arebudgeted. If all of one’s money is spent on clothes, there may be none left to buy food or go tothe movies. Similarly, a plant or animal cannot squander all its energy on growing a big body ifnone would be left over for reproduction, for this is the surest way to extinction.The word squander in the passage is closest in meaning to○ Extend○Transform○ Activate○ Waste44. Certainly, in trying to explain the Roman phenomenon, one would have to place great emphasis on this almost instinct for the territorial imperative. Roman priorities lay in the organization, exploitation, and defense of their territory. In all probability it was the fertile plain of Latium, where the Latins who founded Rome originated, that created the habits and skills of landed settlement, landed property, landed economy, landed administration, and a land-based society. From this arose the Roman genius for military organization and orderly government. In turn, a deep attachment to the land, and to the stability which rural life engenders, fostered the Roman virtues: gravitas, a sense of responsibility, peitas, a sense of devotion to family and country, and iustitia, a sense of the natural order.The word "fostered" in the passage is closest in meaning to○ accepted○ combined○ introduced○ encouraged。

1.Aggregation [,ægrɪ'geʃən] = group 聚集；聚合patible [kəm'pætəbl] = consistent兼容的，一致的3.Designate ['dɛzɪɡnet] = identify 指定4.Diffusion = spread 伸开，传播5.Distract = confuse 使混乱6.Drastic = extreme 激烈的7.Exploit = take advantage of 利用8.Hasten['hesn = rush 加速；9.Induce = cause 引起10.Intriguing = strong and interesting 迷人的teral = towards the side adj.侧面的12.Overseeing = observing 观察；监督13.Perilous['pɛrələs] = dangerous adj. 危险的14.Portray = depict 描述；秒回15.Prevailing = dominant 占据优势的16.Readily = easily 容易地17.Relay = pass on 传递；传送18.Segregate = separate 使分开19.Speculate = guess 推测20.A matter of speculation = supposition 推断；猜测21.Spontaneously = automatically 自然的；自发的22.Synthesize = combine 合成23.A solicitation of = an invitation of24.Aberrant[æ'bɛrənt] = abnormal 异常的；畸形的25.Abrupt = sudden 突然26.Absorb = appeal 被…吸引27.Accelerate celestial [sə'lɛstʃəl] 天上的；天空的= speed up /get faster 加速28.Acclaim = praise 向…欢呼；称赞29.Account – description n. 说明；描述30.Adept[ə'dɛpt] = skilled 熟练的；擅长的31.Adherent [əd'hɪrənt] = advocate 拥护者，支持者32.Adopt = enact 采用；采纳33.Advent = arrival 来临；到来34.Aggravate ['ægrəveɪt]= annoy [ə'nɔɪ] 使恼火；激怒35.Agile['ædʒl] = astute [ə'stut] 灵活的；机敏的36.Air = feeling 氛围；气氛37.Albeit[,ɔl'biɪt] = although 尽管38.Allege[ə'lɛdʒ] = assert =suppose 断言，宣称39.Allocation = distribution 分配40.Allude[ə'lʊd] = suggest 暗指，顺便提到41.Allude to =refer to 提到；暗示42.Ambiguous = vague 模糊不清的；模棱两可的43.Ambitious[æm'bɪʃəs] = difficult to beachieved 费力的；雄心勃勃的44.Ambivalent[æm'bɪvələnt] = mixed 矛盾的45.Analogue['ænəlɔ:g] to = similar to 相似的46.Ancestor = progenitor [pro'dʒɛnɪtɚ] 祖先47.Anchor = hold in place 使固定；使锚泊船48.Annihilate [ə'naɪəlet] = completelyremove /destroy 消灭49.Antagonist [æn'tæg(ə)nɪst] =enemy/opponent 对手；敌人50.Antiseptic [ˌæntiˈseptɪk] = clean 杀菌的；消毒的51.Antithesis = opposite 对立面52.Antler ['æntlɚ] = horn 鹿角53.Apace= as fast as 讯速地54.Apathetic[,æpə'θɛtɪk] = uninvolved 漠然的；冷漠的55.Apparatus = equipment 仪器56.Apparel[ə'pærəl] = clothes 衣服；服饰57.Application = use 应用58.Appoint = designate['dɛzɪɡnet] 选派；任命59.Arbitrarily[,ɑrbə'trɛrəli] = randomly 任意的；专横的60.Arboreal[ɑr'bɔrɪəl] = tree-dwelling 树木的61.Ardent = passionate 热心的62.Arduous = difficult 艰巨的；困难的63.Arrangement = configuration 安排；布置64.Array[ə're] = range 一系列65.Assimilate = combine 同化；吸收66.Assorted = varied 各式各样的67.Assume= take on 承担68.Astonish = surprise=astounding 使吃惊69.Astute [ə'stut] = clever 敏锐的70.Attendant = accompanying 伴随的71.Attest to = confirm 证实72.Attribute = accredit 属于；归于73.Attribute = character 属性；特征74.Attribute to = credit with 归因于75.Avid['ævɪd] = enthusiastic 渴望的；热心的76.Barely = just 仅仅77.Barge = boat 船78.Be beforehand = foreordain 预先；事先79.Be susceptible to =be subject to 受…的影响80.Beckon['bɛkən] =invite 召唤；引诱81.Bleach = whiten 漂白82.Bleak = desolate 凄凉的；惨淡的83.Boast = exaggerate = puff 吹嘘；自夸84.Bombard[bɑm'bɑrd] =assail=assault 炮击；攻击85.Boundary = periphery[pə'rɪfəri] 边界86.Brew = develop 酝酿；策划87.Bulk = great quantity 大部分；大体上88.Burgeon['bɝdʒən] = rapidly expand 急速成长89.Bustling['bʌslɪŋ] = busy =lively 忙乱的；活跃的90.By and large = for the most part 总的来说91.Cement = stick 粘结92.Centennial[sɛn'tɛnɪəl] = hundredthanniversary 100周年93.Changeover from = conversion from 改变；交换94.Chisel['tʃɪzl] = carve 刻；95.Chronic = confirmed = habitual =inveterate[ɪn'vɛtərət] 长期的；不断的96.Chubby['tʃʌbi] = plump 肥胖的；丰满的97.Circuitous[sɚ'kjʊɪtəs] = indirect 迂回的98.Cling to = hold 坚持99.Cluster = group 群100.Coinage['kɔɪnɪdʒ] = creation 创造bust[kəm'bʌst] = burn 燃烧memorate= celebrate 庆祝；纪念mensurate with[kəˈmɛnsərɪt, -ʃə-] = proportionate to 相当的；相称的munal = cooperative 共有的pensate = reimburse[,riɪm'bɝs] 赔偿；补偿plex = elaborate 复杂的107.Concealed = hidden 隐藏的108.Conceive= consider 构思109.Configuration = arrangement 布局；结构110.Congeal[kən'dʒil] = solidify 使凝结111.Congregate['kɑŋɡrɪɡet] = gather 集合；聚集112.Consecutive = successive 连续的113.Conspicuous = clearly visible 明显的114.Constellation[,kɑnstə'leʃən] = collection 一系列115.Contentious = disputed 好争吵116.Contiguous = neighboring 临近的117.Contrive= create 发明118.Converging = concentrating 收缩的119.Convict = doom = sentence 宣判；使知罪120.Copious ['kəʊpɪəs]= plentiful 丰富的；大量的121.Correlate = match 相关；关联122.Corroborate[kə'rɑbəret] = confirm 证实；确认123.Counterpart = equivalent = similitude 副本124.Countervail = compensate 抵消；对抗125.Crest = peak 顶部126.Culminate = climax 到达顶点127.Cumbersome = awkward= unwieldy= clumsy笨重的；麻烦的128.Dampen = moisten 使超时129.Dangle = hang吊130.Dank = unpleasantly humid 潮湿的131.Decimate['dɛsə,met] = destroy 大量毁灭132.Decipher[dɪ'saɪfɚ] = decode 破译133.Declivity[dɪ'klɪvəti] = downward slope 斜坡134.Deflect = deviate['divɪet] 使偏斜；使转向135.Deft = skilled 熟练的136.Deity['deəti] =god 神137.Delegate = representative 代表138.Deleteriously = adversely 不利的139.Delicate= dainty 易碎的；精美的140.Delineate[dɪ'lɪnɪet] = portray 描述；描绘141.Deluge['dɛljʊdʒ] = flood 洪水142.Deluxe= lavish 豪华的143.Demise[dɪ'maɪz] = extinction 死亡144.Demography[dɪ'mɒgrəfɪ] = population 人口统计145.Deplore = lament[lə'mɛnt] 哀嚎；痛惜146.Derive= arise 源于；起源147.Desiccated['dɛsɪketɪd] = dry 脱水的148.Deter = stop 阻止149.Detractor[dɪ'træktɚ] = critic 恶意批评者150.Deviate['divɪet] = digress 偏离151.Deviation = departure 背离152.Devoid of = lack of = scant of 缺乏153.Devour[dɪ'vaʊɚ] = eat 狼吞虎咽的吃154.Dictate = determine = order 命令；要求；支配155.Diffuse = disperse 散开；扩散156.Disband = dismiss 解散157.Discernible[dɪ'zɝnəbl] = discriminating = noticeable 可感知的158.Discrete = separate 分开的159.Disentangle[,dɪsɪn'tæŋɡl] = disband 解开160.Disguise = hidden 隐藏；掩饰161.Dismantle =demolish 拆开；拆除162.Dismiss = reject 拒绝163.Disorder = anarchy['ænɚki] 混乱164.Dispensable = not necessary 非必要的165.Dispersed = scatter 分散166.Disposition = temperament 性格;性情167.Dissipate['dɪsɪpet] = disperse 驱散168.Dissuade = discourage 劝阻169.Diversification = emergence of many varieties 多样化170.Divert= deflect 使偏离171.Divest = deprive 剥夺172.Drive = incentive 动机173.Dynamic = active 充满活力的174.Eccentric[ɪk'sɛntrɪk] = erratic 古怪的；反常的175.Eccentricity[,ɛksɛn'trɪsəti] = peculiarity[pɪ'kjʊlɪ'ærəti] 怪癖；古怪176.Edible = eatable 可食用的177.Eject = force out 排斥178.Elapsed = passed 过去的；经过的179.Elastic = pliant 有弹性的；可塑的180.Eligible['ɛlɪdʒəbl] = entitle 合格的；适宜的181.Elongate[ɪ'lɔŋɡet] = stretch 延长182.Eloquent['ɛləkwənt] = persuasive 善变的；有口才的183.Elucidate[ɪ'lusɪdet] = clarify 阐明；说明184.Elusive = difficult to catch 难懂的；难以捉摸的185.Emanate[ˈɛməˌneɪt] = emerge 散发；产生186.Emancipator[ɪ'mænspetɚ]= liberator 解放者187.Embody = incarnate 使成化身；使具体化188.Enactment= establishment 制定189.Encapsulate[ɪn'kæpsjə'let] = state briefly 概述190.Endorse = support 认可；支持191.Endow = bestow[bɪ'stəʊ] 捐赠192.Engulf = swallow 吞没193.Enlist = obtain 谋取（支持、赞助等）194.Ensue = result 因…产生195.Entity = object 实体；存在196.Entomb[ɪn'tum] = trap 埋葬；设陷阱197.Envision = imagine 想象198.Ephemeral[ə'fɛmərəl] = short – lived 短暂的199.Ephemeral = transient短暂的200.Episode = occurrence 出现201.Equilibrium [ikwɪ'lɪbrɪəm]=balance 平衡202.Erect = build 建立203.Erratic = irregular 不稳定的；古怪的204.Escalate = extend 逐步扩大205.Estimate = projection 估计206.Euphoric[jʊ'fɔrɪk] = extremely happy 心情愉快的207.Excrete = expel 排泄；分泌208.Exert = put forth 使…用力209.Expediency = advantage 方便；利己210.Expedient =fitting 权益的；方便的211.Extant = existing 现存的；212.Extol = praise 赞美213.Extraneous[ɪk'strenɪəs] = from outside 214.Exude = five off 渗出；发散215.Fallacious[fə'leʃəs] = faulty 谬误的；靠不住的216.Fanfare = spectacular display 鼓吹；炫耀217.Fare = primary sustenance 食物；主食218.Fervor['fɜːvə] = zeal 热情；热烈219.Fictitious = mythical 虚构的；想象的220.Fidelity[fɪ'dɛləti] = faithfulness 忠诚；221.Filament['fɪləmənt] =strand 细长222.Flake= fragment 小薄片223.Flattery = praise 恭维224.Focal = point center area 焦点225.Forage = feed饲料= search for food 觅食226.Foul = pollute 污染227.Friction= conflict 争执；不合228.Frolic = run playfully 嬉戏；闹着玩229.Gauge = judge 测量；评估230.Gay = bright 明亮的；愉快的231.Gear = adjust 使适合232.Gelatinous[dʒə'lætnəs] = viscous['vɪskəs] 粘结的；233.Gemstone = jewel 宝石234.Gloomy = dismal['dɪzməl] 阴郁的；郁闷的235.Glowing = shining 光亮的236.Go awry = become faulty 出差错；有缺陷237.Grudging['ɡrʌdʒɪŋ] = unenthusiastic 勉强的238.Hallmark = characteristic 标志239.Haphazard['hæphæzəd] = random 随意的240.Harness = put into use 利用241.Harsh = drastic 严厉的；严酷的242.Hasten= accelerate 加速；督促243.Hasty ['hesti]= hurried 匆忙的；急忙的244.Haul = pull 拉245.Havoc['hævək] =destruction 浩劫246.Headstrong = stubborn 倔强的；固执的247.Heed = notice 留心；注意248.Heir =inheritor 继承人249.Helically ['helikəli]= spirally 螺旋形的250.Herald['hɛrəld] = announce 预示；预报251.Heritage = legacy['lɛgəsi] 遗传；传统252.Hesitantly ['hɛzətəntli]= reluctantly 犹豫的；踌躇的253.Heterogeneous['hɛtərə'dʒinɪəs] = varied 由不同种类组成254.Heyday = golden age 全盛时期255.Hitherto[,hɪðɚ'tu= previously 先前的256.Hobby = pastime 嗜好257.Homogeneous= uniform 同种的258.Hurdle = fence 用篱笆围259.Idiosyncrasies = peculiarity[pɪ'kjʊlɪ'ærəti] 特性260.Imminent = about to happen 即将发生261.Impetus['ɪmpɪtəs] = incentive 刺激；促进262.Implausible = unbelievable263.Imposing = impressive 令人印象深刻的264.Impulse = basic motion 行动265.In tandem['tændəm] = together 一起266.In the long run = eventually 以长远来看267.Inadvertently = unintentionally 非故意的268.Inaugurate[ɪ'nɔɡjəret] = begin 开始；开创269.Inauspicious[,ɪnɔ'spɪʃəs]=ominous['ɑmɪnəs] 不祥的；凶兆的270.Inception = beginning 起初；最初271.Inclement =unfavorable 严酷的272.Inconclusive = without result 不确定的273.Incorporate = merge 吸收；并入= include274.Incursion = invasion 入侵275.Indelible[ɪn'dɛləbl] = permanent 持久的；擦不掉的276.Indiscriminate = haphazard['hæphæzəd] 不分青红皂白的277.Indigenous = native 本土的278.Indiscriminately = at random 随机的279.Inert= motionless 迟缓的280.Infiltrate = spread to 渗入；透过281.Infinitesimal['ɪnfɪnə'tɛsəml] = minute 非常微小的282.Infirm = weak 不坚定的；衰弱的283.Inflate = expand 膨胀；扩大284.Inflicting = bring about/impose 使承受285.Inherent = essential 内在的；固有的286.Inordinate = excessive 过度的287.Instigate = incite 教唆；煽动288.Intangible = immaterial 无形的289.Intercourse = exchange 交流290.Intermingle = interact 使混合；使搅和291.Intrusive = invasive 侵入的292.Inviolable = allowing no attack = without exception 不可违背的293.Jettison['dʒɛtɪsn] = release 抛弃294.Juncture = connection 连接ding = cargo 货物unch = initiate 发起；发动x = careless 马马虎虎298.Lethal =deadly 致命的299.Linger= stroll 徘徊；漫步300.Listening =advertent[əd'vɜːtənt] 留神听得301.Little short miraculous = amazing but it is impossible 不可思议；奇迹302.Locale = place 现场；场所303.Lodge = embed 埋入304.Lucrative['lukrətɪv] = profitable 有利益的305.Luxuriant = thriving 茂盛的306.Magnitude[mə'dʒɛstɪk] = amount 量；大小；巨大307.Majestic = magnificent 壮观的308.Malleable['mælɪəbl] = pliable 有延展性的；可塑的309.Mean= average 平均值310.Merge = blend 合并；融合311.Meticulously[me'tikjuləsli] = carefully 小心地312.Microbe =germ 微生物；细菌ky way = galaxy 银河314.Mimic = imitate 模仿315.Miniature = small 微型的316.Minuscule['mɪnəskjul] = tiny 微型的317.Mock = pretend 模仿318.Modest = in limited ways = limited 过度的319.Monotone['mɑnəton] = tedious 单调的；乏味的320.Motif = pattern 图案321.Mundane = material 世俗的；平凡的322.Myriad = countless 大量的；323.Negligible['nɛɡlɪdʒəbl] = minor 微不足道的324.Mundane =ordinary325.Mutually exclusive =contradictory 矛盾的326.Negligible = minor 微不足道的327.Nibble =gnaw[nɔ] 细咬；细啃328.Nimbleness['nimblinis] = agility[ə'dʒɪlətɪ] 敏捷329.Noisy = vociferous[vo'sɪfərəs] 喧闹的330.Oblige = force 强迫331.Obscure = conceal 使变暗;模糊332.Obsession with = fixation on 对…迷恋333.Obsolete[ɑbsəˌlit] = out of date废弃的；老式的334.Obstinate['ɑbstɪnət] = stubborn 固执的；顽强的335.Obstacle = impediment 障碍336.Occult = supernatural 鬼神337.Odds = in disagreement 争执；不一致338.Offset = balance = make up 补偿；抵消339.Omit = exclude 遗漏；删去340.Opaque = impenetrable 难理解的341.Orchestrate['ɔrkɪstret] = stage-manage 精心安排的342.Orientation = perspective 观点343.Ostentatious[,ɑstɛn'teʃəs] = showy 好夸耀的；炫耀的344.Oversee= supervise 监督345.Overwhelming = powerful 压倒性的346.Pacify ['pæsə'fai] = assuage[ə'swedʒ] 使平静347.Paradox = contrary相反；矛盾348.Paradoxically = seemingly contradictory 349.Parcel out = distribute 分配350.Pare away =remove 修掉351.Patch = expanse 片；块= orbit 路线352.Pathway = course 途径；模式353.Patron['petrən] = customer 赞助人，保护人，主顾354.Pay tribute['trɪbjut] to = honor 尊敬355.Peculiar[pɪ'kjulɪɚ] = strange 奇怪的；独特的= unique356.Pedestal['pɛdɪstl] = base 底座；太作357.Penetrate = enter 穿入；穿透358.Penetrating= pierce = go through359.Penetrating = pungent 刺鼻的360.Peril = danger 危险361.Perilous = dangerous 危险的362.Perishable ['pɛrɪʃəbl] = easy to spoil 易腐坏的363.Permeate = penetrate 渗透364.Perpetual = constant 永久的365.Pertinent ['pɝtnənt] = relevant 相关的366.Plecing = joining 结合367.Pigment = color 色素368.Pigmentation = dye 染色369.Pinnacle['pɪnəkl] = high point 顶点；370.Pinpoint = clearly identify 准确的解释或捉摸371.Plague = cause problems 麻烦372.Plausible = apparently reasonable and valid 貌似有理的373.Plausible = paradoxical 似是而非的374.Pledge = promise 保证；誓言375.Plumage['plumɪdʒ] = feather 羽毛376.Pocketbook= affordable 负担的起377.Ponder = think of 考虑到378.Posit = assume 假设；断定379.Postulate['pɑstʃəlet] =hypotheses = presume 假定380.Potential = latent 潜在的381.Practically = nearly 几乎；差不多382.Pragmatic = practical 实际的383.Precarious[prɪ'kɛrərɪəs] = insecure 不稳定的；危险的384.Precipitate = bring about 使…突然发生385.Preclude = prevent 避免= rule out 排除；阻止386.Predicament = difficult situation 尴尬的处境387.Prediction = prophecy['prɑfəsi] 预言388.Predominantly = primitively 占主要地位的= principally 主要地389.Preeminence = superiority 卓越；突出390.Preeminent = foremost 卓越的；显著的= important 杰出的391.Preface = introduction 序言序文392.Preliminary = initial 最初的；原始的393.Premise =assume 假设394.Preoccupation with = concentration on 专注于395.Preordain = appoint 预定；注定= foreordain 预定；注定= ordain预定；注定396.Preponderance = majority 数量优势397.Presumable = probably 可推测的398.Pristine ['prɪstin] = pure 清新的399.Probe = explore 探查400.Process = purify 加工401.Procure = acquire 获得；取得402.Prodigious[prə'dɪdʒəs] = massive 巨大的403.Prohibitive = unaffordable 抑制的404.Proliferating =multiplying 繁殖405.Prolifically = abundantly 多产的406.Prominent = eminent 显著的407.Pronounced = clear 明显的408.Propagate['prɑpə'get] = multiply繁殖409.Prosperity = well being 幸福生活410.Prototype = model 原型411.Protrude[pro'trud] = stick out 伸出；突出412.Provoke = elicit 激起；导致413.Prowess['praʊəs] = ambition 英勇= expertise 非凡的技能414.Proximity = nearness 接近415.Quarters = residences 住处416.Ramification'ræməfə'keʃən] = branch 分枝；分派417.Ravage['rævɪdʒ] = destroy 毁坏418.Ready = receptive 甘心的；419.Rebellion[rɪ'bɛljən] = revolt 反抗；叛乱420.Receptivity to =openness to 接受421.Reconcile = bring together 使和好422.Reconcile = compromise 和解423.Recur = repeat 反复出现424.Relentless= unceasing 不断的；持续的425.Relinquish[rɪ'lɪŋkwɪʃ] = abandon 放弃426.Remedy= cure 治疗427.Remnant = residue/remains 剩余；残渣428.Repercussion = effect 回响；影响429.Replenish = restore 补充；装满430.Replicas['rɛplɪkə] = copies 复制品431.Repudiate = reject 否定；驳斥432.Resembling = approximating 类似；近似433.Residual = remaining 残留的434.Resilient =quick to recover 迅速恢复435.Respectively = in that order 逐个的436.Resume = start again 重新开始437.Retreat= recede 撤退438.Retrospect['rɛtrəspɛkt] = look back 回顾；回想439.Revered = honored 崇敬的440.Revival = resuscitation[rɪ,sʌsə'teʃən] 恢复；再生441.Rigorous = demanding= harsh 严厉的442.Rigor= difficulty 困难；严格443.Rival = compete 竞争；对抗444.Roam = wander 漫游445.Robust = healthy 强壮的446.Rotate = turn 转动447.Roundabout = circuitous 迂回的448.Rupture['rʌptʃɚ] = break 裂开；破裂449.Sacred = holy 神圣的450.Salutary['sæljə'tɛri = beneficial 有益的451.Scale = magnitude 大小；等级452.Scant = minimal 少量的453.Scarlet = bright red 猩红的；鲜红的454.Scatter = diffuse /disperse / distribute散开；分散455.Scenario[sə'nærɪo] = situation 情形456.Scenic = picturesque[,pɪktʃə'rɛsk] 天然景色457.Scented = fragrant 有气味的458.Scheme = plot 阴谋；策划459.Scorching = exceedingly hot 酷热的460.Score = a large number of 大量的= musical compositions 乐谱461.Scorn = despise 轻蔑；嘲笑462.Scrap = fragment 碎片463.Screen = filter 过滤464.Secluded[sɪ'kludɪd] = isolated 偏僻的；遥远的465.Secrete = produce 分泌466.Seething = active = excited 激昂的467.Sensational = extraordinary 轰动的468.Serendipitous[,sɛrən'dɪpɪtəs] = fortuitous 偶然的；幸运的469.Serene = calm = salient 平静的470.Set in = motion start 开动471.Setback = failure 失败；挫折472.Severe poverty = indigence 贫困；贫穷473.Shatter = destroy 打碎474.Sheer = absolute 完全的475.Shiver = tremor 发抖；打颤476.Shy away from = avoid 回避；躲避477.Side effect = secondary reaction 副作用478.Simulated = artificial 假装的；仿造的479.Slope = incline 倾斜480.Snap= break 断裂481.Soak = absorb 吸收482.Solicit = request 恳求；请求483.Solitary = alone 单独的；肚子的484.Sophistication = technology 工艺485.Sought-after = desired 广受欢迎的486.Spark = period 一段时间487.Sparse = not rich 稀少的；零星的= thinly distributed 稀疏的488.Spawn = produce =create 产卵；量产489.Speciation [,spisi'eʃən] = evolution 物种形成490.Specify = state 详细说明491.Spectacular = impressive 引人入胜的492.Spectator = beholder 目击者493.Spectrum = range 范围；系列494.Splendor['splendə] = magnificence 光彩；壮丽495.Spontaneous = impulsive 自发的；非计划安排的496.sporadic[spə'rædɪk] = intermittent = irregular 偶然发生的497.spot = catch 看见；发现498.spottily = occasionally 缺乏连续性499.spur = stimulate 刺激500.spur of the moment = without planning 临时起意501.staggering = overwhelming 巨大的502.stagnation[stæg'neʃən] = inactivity 淤塞；停滞503.staple = important 主要的504.staunch[stɔntʃ]= loyal 坚定的；可靠的505.steadfast = firm 坚定的；固定的506.stealthily = silently 悄悄地507.stem = arise 起源于508.stipulate = require 规定；要求509.stockpile = store up 存储510.stride= step 大步511.string = series 一系列512.strip = remove 剥去513.sturdy = strong 结实的514.stylus = pen 港币515.subsidiary[səb'sɪdɪərɪ] = less important 次要的516.substantial = sturdy 坚固的517.sumptuous['sʌmptʃuəs] = luxurious 奢侈的；豪华的518.supersede = replace 取代；代替519.supplant[sə'plænt] = replace 代替520.surmise = guess 推测；猜测521.suspend = float 悬浮522.swell = enlargement 增大；肿胀523.swift- fast 迅速的524.symmetric = balance 对称的；均衡的525.tactual = textural 触觉的526.tailspin['telspɪn] = total confusion 混乱；失控527.tame = domesticate 驯服；训话528.tantalizing['tæntəlaɪzɪŋ] = anxious 非常着急529.taper = diminish 逐渐变小530.taut = tightly stretched 绷紧的；拉紧的531.teem with = be full of 充满；532.tenacity[tə'næsɪti] = stability 固执533.tenet = belief 原则；心跳534.tenuous['tɛnjuəs] = weak 脆弱的；物理的535.thoroughfare = street 通道；街道536.threshold['θrɛʃhold] = limit 界限；起始点537.thrill = excitement 兴奋538.to be more discriminate = to be more observation 更容易区分539.toil = work 辛勤劳动540.tranquil[ˈtræŋkwəl] = serene 安宁的；平静的541.transitory = ephemeral [ə'fɛmərəl]短暂的542.trauma = damage 损伤543.traumatic = upsetting 痛苦的544.traverse = cross 横过；穿过545.tributary = branch 支流546.truism = it was evidence that 不言而喻的道理547.turbulent =agitated 激动的548.ubiquitous = common 到处存在的549.unambiguous = clear 清楚的；明确的550.unanimity[ˌjunəˈnɪmətɪ] = total agreement 一致同意551.underlie = on the basis of 引起；构成…的基础552.underpinning = foundation 基础；支柱553.underscore = emphasize 强调554.undertaking = enterprise 事业；企业555.unreceptive = unresponsive 接受能力差556.unwieldy = cumbersome 笨重的557.urbane[ɝ'ben] = cultivated 文雅的558.utilitarian = functional 实用的559.vagary['veɪg(ə)rɪ] = uncertainty 难以预测变化560.vehicle = means 手段；工具561.versatile = adaptable 多才多艺的562.vial = bottle 小瓶563.vibrant = bright 有活力的；明亮的564.vie for = compete for 竞争；对抗565.vigor = energy 生气勃勃的566.virtue = merit 优点567.warrant = authorize 授权568.wield = exert 行使569.yearning['jɝnɪŋ] = longing 思念的；渴望的570.yield = produce = provide 生产571.zenith['zɛnɪθ] = peak 顶点。