上海市闵行区2018届高三上学期期末质量调研政治试卷

上海市闵行区2018-2018学年度第一学期教学调研物理试题考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必将姓名、学号等填写清楚. 2．本试卷共12页，满分150分. 考试时间120分钟.3．第19、20、21、22、23题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤. 只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分. 有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位.g 取10m/s 2。

一、（20分）填空题. 本大题共5小题，每小题4分. 答案写在题中横线上的空白处或指定位置，不要求写出演算过程.本大题中第l 、2、3小题为分叉题。

分A 、B 两类，考生可任选一类答题．若两类试题均做。

一律按A 类题计分．A 类题(适合于使用一期课改教材的考生)1A 、如图所示，长度都为L ＝0.8 m 的两根细绳，一端系着同一个小球A ，另一端分别系于两边墙上相同高度的两 点，两绳间的夹角为α＝120︒，现给小球A 一垂直于纸 面向外的初速度v 0，使小球垂直于纸面开始做小角度的摆动，若v 0很小，则小球A 第一次回到平衡位置所需时间为___________s ；该求解过程 中用的科学方法是___________。

2A 、一带正电的粒子和一中性粒子同时以相同的初速度进入水平的匀强电场中，已知粒子运动方向与电场线平行但方向相反，带电粒子运动了20cm 不再前进将开始返回， 则这时中性粒子已经运动了 cm 距离（粒子只受电场力） 3A 、如图所示，一根长为4m 的均匀直棒AO ，O 端用光滑的铰链固定于地面上，上端有一水平拉力F ，为了使棒 能垂直地立在地面上，用一根长4m 的绳子拉住棒，绳 的一端固定在地面上，要使绳子的拉力最小，则绳的另 一端系在杆上的位置距地面的高度是 m 。

B 类题(适合于使用二期课改教材的考生)1B 、每时每刻都有大量带电的宇宙射线向地球射来，幸好地球磁场可以有效地改变这些宇宙射线中大多数射线粒子的运动方向， 使它们不能到达地面，这对地球上的生命有十分重要的意义。

上海市闵行区2010届高三上学期期末质量调研考试政治试卷命题人：雷锋瑞审核：刘超校对：王新新考生注意：1、考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3、答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、学校。

4、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

一、单项选择题（共42分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项。

）1．2009年9月18日，中共十七届四中全会审议通过了《中共中央关于加强和改进新形势下若干重大问题的决定》。

A. 农村建设B. 经济建设C. 社会建设D. 党的建设2．2009年8月10日，温家宝总理主持召开国务院全体会议，决定任命为中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区第三任行政长官。

A. 崔世安B. 何厚铧C.曾荫权D. 董建华3．2009年9月2日，温家宝总理主持召开国务院常务会议，决定在公共卫生与基层医疗卫生事业单位和其他事业单位实施工资。

A. 结构B.差额C.平均D.绩效4．2009年7月22日，我国境内发生的本世纪最为壮观的一次天象是A.日偏食B.月全食C.日全食D.月偏食5．2009年10月31日，世界最大的隧桥结合工程――上海长江隧桥正式通车。

该隧桥连接的是上海浦东和。

A．黄岩岛B．崇明岛C．海南岛D．舟山岛6．2009年12月7日至18日，新一轮的联合国大会在丹麦首都哥本哈根举行。

A．和平发展B．防核扩散C．环境保护D．气候变化7．各级政府在网上开设了“纠风之窗”，针对当前群众反映的热点问题，收集群众的意见，群众积极参与。

群众积极参与是公民在依法参与A．民主选举B．民主决策C．民主监督D．民主管理8．国家实施司法救助制度，就是让那些合法权益受到侵犯但因经济困难无力负担诉讼费的公民打得起官司，让那些确有冤情但正义难以伸张的公民打得赢官司。

这是A. 人民群众监督法律的实施B. 行政机关依法行政C. 人民法院独立行使审判权D. 保障公民在法律面前一律平等9．2009年12月24日，国资委主任李荣融在国有资产监督管理工作会议上指出，要鼓励、支持有实力、有信誉的民营企业参与国有经济布局结构战略性调整。

上海市奉贤区2018届高三上学期调研测试政治试卷考生注意：1、考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。

所有答题必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

一、单项选择题（30分，每小题2分，每小题只有一个正确选项。

）1、今年，上海市政府首次把“完善本市农村养老保障体系，落实农民社会养老保障扩覆10万人”列入市政府事实工程。

农村养老保障属于A、社会救济B、社会福利C、社会保险D、社会互助2、我国的根本政治制度是A、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度B、基层群众自治制度C、人民代表大会制度D、民族区域自治制度3、2018年3月5日我国召开十一届全国人大第一次会议，会议审议批准了“一府两院”的工作报告。

这表明全国人大与其他国家机关的关系是A、相互监督、分工合作B、领导和被领导、监督和被监督的关系C、立法机关与行政机关的关系D、立法机关与司法机关的关系4、中国人民银行宣布，从2018年11月27日起下调金融机构一年期人民币存贷款基准利率各1.18个百分点，其他期限档次存贷款基准利率作相应调整。

这表明中国人民银行A、是以赢利为目的的金融企业B、是我国发行的银行C、组成银行业的主干D、是我国政府的银行5、“不要将资金投资于一种投资品种上，而是按照一定的比例投资到股票、基金、债券、储蓄等不同的投资品种上”。

这主要体现了投资理财应遵循A、分散投资原则B、长期投资原则C、理性投资原则D、个性投资原则6、第十一届全国人大代表共有2987名，少数民族代表411名，占代表总数的13.76%。

每个少数民族都有本民族的代表，人口特少的少数民族至少有1名代表。

这体现我国处理民族关系的A、民族团结原则B、民族互助原则C、民族平等原则D、各民族共同繁荣原则7、在我国的国家机关体系中，司法体系是其重要的组成部分。

我国的司法体系包括①审判机关②检察机关③公安机关④权力机关A、②③④B、①②③C、①③④D、①②④8、1986年12月，由6家国有大中型工厂和1个研究所改组而成的上海真空电子器件股份有限公司成立，这是第一家由国有企业改制的股份公司。

闵行区2018学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试语文试卷1、本考试设试着和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须写在答题纸上，做在试着上一律不得分2、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应注意，不能错位。

3、考试时150分钟。

试卷满分150分。

一、积累与运用（10分）1、按要求填空（5分）（1）分野中峰变，___________________。

（王维《终南山》）（2）郴江幸自绕郴山，___________________。

（秦观《_________・郴州旅舍》）（3）李白《登金陵凤凰台》一诗中，暗示皇帝被奸邪包围，自己报国无门，心情沉痛的句子是“___________________，___________________。

”2、按要求选择（5分）（1）下列选项中，名句运用不恰当的一项是（）。

（2分）A.生活中，老李是个很直率的人，和人交往向来是“知无不言，言无不尽”。

B.时代的洪流滚滚向前，改变了千年来“日出而作，日落而息”的生活方式。

C.对待传统文化，我们应如鲁迅先生所说的，做到“取其精华，去其糟粕”。

D.不少同学作文时往往是“下笔千言，离题万里”，搜肠刮肚也找不到材料。

（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段的空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）。

（3分）规则意识的淡漠或者缺失，不仅仅是关乎个人素质的问题，__________，没有成熟的规则意识，同样会影响人与人之间的交流成本，让合作变得艰难。

①增加了个体在社会运行中不可预料的风险②因为没有规则意识契约精神就不可能成为社会主流③往大处说是阻碍社会文明进步的硬伤④往小处说将直接影响每个人的生活⑤没有契约精神何谈文明A.④①⑤③②B.③②⑤④①C.④①③②⑤ D.③①④②⑤二、阅读（70分）（一）阅读下文，完成第3-7题（16分）海洋，孕育上海海派文化时平（1）上海文化以引领时尚著称，在国际上也是一门引人关注的显学，而对上海海洋文化的研究却属于新生事物。

2018届上海市闵行区高三上学期质量调研考试政治试题（解析版）一、单项选择题（共20小题，每小题3分,满分60分。

）1. 我国社会主义国家性质的首要标志是A. 工人阶级领导B. 工农联盟基础C. 人民民主专政【答案】A【解析】我国社会主义国家性质的首要标志是工人阶级领导，A项符合题意；工农联盟基础是我国国家政权的阶级基础，B项与题意不符；人民民主专政是我国的国家性质，C项与题意不符；正确选项为A。

【点睛】我国的国家性质：我国的国家性质是工人阶级领导的工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家。

（1）领导阶级：工人阶级。

（2）阶级基础：工农联盟。

（3）性质：人民民主专政的社会主义国家，区别于以往的剥削阶级类型的国家。

2. 2017年11月8日，上海市人民政府办公厅印发《“十三五”上海市结核病防治规划》的通知，进一步推进本市结核病防治工作，减少结核病危害。

这是政府A. 协调人民内部关系B. 优化社会公共治理C. 加强社会公共服务【答案】C【解析】上海市人民政府办公厅印发《“十三五”上海市结核病防治规划》的通知，进一步推进本市结核病防治工作，减少结核病危害。

这是政府加强社会公共服务职能的体现，C项符合题意；AB项均与题意不符；正确选项为C。

【点睛】政府负有加强社会建设的职能。

加快健全基本公共服务体系,保证人民学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居。

3. 2017年3月5日，十二届全国人民代表大会五次会议听取了国务院总理李克强所作的政府工作报告。

这是全国人大在行使A. 最高决定权B. 最高监督权C. 最高立法权【答案】B【解析】中央政府向全国人民代表大会报告工作，体现了权力机关与行政机关是产生与被产生、负责与被负责、监督与被监督的关系，这是全国人大在行使最高监督权，B项符合题意；AC项均与题意不符；正确选项为B。

【点睛】全国人大及其常委会：表决通过法律的是立法权；表决通过国家大政方针的那是决定权；表决通过国家机关人事任免的是任免权；表决通过其他国家机关的工作报告的是监督权。

2018高三上学期政治期末联考试题（附答案）
5 说明本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）二部分，全卷共28小题。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共48分）
一、选择题（每小题只有一个最符合题意的答案，请将最符合题意的答案填入答题卡。

共24小题，每小题2分，共48分）“速生鸡”一只鸡吃18种抗生素 40天长5斤，饲料能毒死苍蝇。

16日，中央经济工作会议在京举行。

会议指出2018年将继续坚持“稳中求进”的工作总基调，继续实施积极财政政策和稳健的货币政策。

以下属于积极财政政策的有
①完善结构性减税政策②增加国有企业上缴财政的利润
③控制信贷规模，缓解通胀压力④加大对三农，保障性住房等领域的投入
A．①③ B．①④ c．②③④ D．①②④
6 在发达国家，工资一般占企业运营成本的50%左右，而在中国还不到10%。

在发达国家，劳动报酬在国民收入中所占的比重一般在55%以上，在中国则不到42%，并呈逐年下降的趋势，这给我们的启示有
①要保证企业收入在初次分配中占合理比重
②建立企业职工工资正常增长机制和支付机制
③要充分发挥再分配在企业职工工资增长中的作用
④要维护好劳动者的相关权利
A．①② B．①④ c．②④D．②③
7．2018年10月10日，美国商务部最终裁定，中国晶体硅光伏电池及组的生产商或出口美国销售此类产品时存在倾销行为，并对中国输美太阳能电池产品采取不正的征税措施，限制中国产品的进口，我国对裁决结果表示强烈不满。

对此，我们应该。

2018—2018学年度上学期期末考试政治试卷及答案34cBDA35．（1）①我国政府是人民意旨的执行者和利益的捍卫者，要坚持对人民负责的原则，就必须充分认识稳定市场价格的重要性和紧迫性，及时采取有力措施抑制价格上涨势头，切实保障群众生活，保持经济平稳较快发展。

（4分）②我国政府担负着组织经济建设和社会共服务等职能，国务院就大力发展农业生产、稳定农副产品供应、健全价格监管法规等出台16项措施稳定物价，是政府认真履行上述职能的具体体现。

（4分）（2）①在充分发挥价值规律在市场资配置起基础性作用的同时，综合运用经济手段、法律手段和必要的行政手段加强国家的宏观调控，抑制价格上涨势头。

（3分）②进一步落实扶持“三农”工作的各项政策措施，充分调动农民从事农副业生产的积极性，增加农副产品的有效供给，保持供给与需求的平衡。

（3分）③健全价格监管法规，加强价格监督检查和反价格垄断执法，重点打击恶意囤积、哄抬价格、变相涨价以及合谋涨价、串通涨价等违法行为，严厉打击恶性炒作事，维护市场和价格秩序。

（3分）36、①中国共产党是中国工人阶级的先锋队，是中国人民和中华民族的先锋队。

中国共产党始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民群众的根本利益，党的宗旨是全心全意为人民服务，把发展作为执政兴国的第一要务是由党的性质决定的。

（3分）②中国共产党是我国的执政党，是中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心，发展是硬道理，抓住发展，就抓住了解决中国一切问题的关键，就能做到科学执政、民主执政、依法执政（或立党为，执政为民）。

（3分）③当代国际竞争的实质是以经济和科技实力为基础的综合国力的较量，只有聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展，才能不断增强我国的综合国力，提升我国的国际地位，在激烈的国际竞争中掌握主动权。

（3分）37、①物质决定意识，要求我们坚持从实际出发，实事求是。

党。

2010-2023历年上海市闵行区高三上学期质量调研考试政治卷第1卷一.参考题库(共20题)1.2010年9月6日，《国务院关于促进企业兼并重组的意见》指出目前仍有23家中央企业等待被重组，到今年年底，央企要调整80家到100家。

央企兼并重组有利于①增强国有经济的控制力②巩固公有制的主体地位③发挥国有经济的主导地位④加大国有经济在国民经济各部门中的比例A．①②④B．①③④C．②③④D．①②③2.11月17日，国际超级计算机TOP500组织正式发布，中国“_______ ”超级计算机以峰值速度4700万亿次、持续速度2566万亿次每秒浮点运算的优异性能位居世界第一。

A．曙光星云B．天河一号C．嫦娥二号D．和谐号3.某少数民族地区地处边陲，风景秀丽，四季如春，但基础产业薄弱，科技和教育事业都比较落后。

根据这种状况，该地区在科学发展观的指导下，制定了自己的发展战略，建立了绿色经济产业带、民族文化特色区，重点发展旅游业并带动了绿色农业的发展，几年后该地区经济发展速度明显提升，人民生活水平得到改善。

结合材料运用唯物论和辩证法的知识分析该地区经济发展获得成功的原因。

（1 2分）4.2010年8月7日，甘肃舟曲发生特大泥石流灾害。

党中央、国务院迅速做出工作部署，组织和协调开展救灾工作，千方百计救援受灾群众，切实安排好受灾群众生活，维护灾区社会稳定。

这表明中国共产党A．坚持依法治国的基本方略B．履行保障人民民主的职能C．坚持以人为本、执政为民D．支持和保证人民当家作主5.中国共产党第十七届五中全会提出，要着力保障和改善民生，合理调整收入分配关系，努力实现居民收入增长和经济发展同步、劳动报酬增长和劳动生产率提高同步。

保障和改善民生，千方百计让人民富裕起来，已成为中国政府的一个重要执政理念。

运用政治常识有关知识，阐述党和政府必须千方百计让人民富裕起来。

要求：(1) 围绕论题，在论述中正确运用所学过的马克思主义基本立场、观点和方法。

2018学年闵行区第一学期高三质量监控考试生物/生命科学试卷本试卷分为第I 卷(第1-5页)和第II 卷(第5-12页) 两部分，全卷共12页。

满分150分。

考试时间为120分钟。

第II 卷的第33题和第39题为分叉题。

第I 卷（共60分）考生注意：1．答第I 卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、学号、姓名，并用铅笔正确涂写学校、年级、班级、学号的编号。

2．第I 卷（1-32题），由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。

答题需要更改时，必须将原选用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案写在试卷上一律不给分。

一、单选题（共60分。

每小题只有一个正确选项） （一）1分题（共8题）1．组成细胞的化合物中，决定遗传特性的是-------------------------------------------（ ） A 糖类B 维生素C 磷脂D 核酸2．某学生在观察洋葱根尖细胞有丝分裂装片时，发现了一个双核细胞，该细胞不．可能是---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------（ ） A 正常分裂的末期细胞 B 高尔基体被破坏，末期未能形成细胞壁 C 两个细胞的直接融合 D 环境变化使分裂停止的细胞 3．右图为某生态系统的植物叶面积指数与光合作用生产有机物的总量、干物质量和呼吸量的关系示意图。

（图中叶面积指数是指植物叶片的总面积与地表面积的比值。

该数值越大，表示叶片交错覆盖的程度越大）。

判断a 、b 、c 三条曲线依次代表的三种物质量及为保持林木最大的生产量应该采取的措施分别应------------------------------------------------------（ ） 物质量：①干物质量；②有机物的总量；③呼吸量生产措施：④禁止砍伐林木；⑤适量砍伐林木，使林木保持合适的密度 A ②①③、⑤ B ①③②、④ C ①②③、⑤ D ②①③、④4．高温、高湿的条件下种子的寿命会缩短。

闵行区2017学年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试政治试卷考生注意：1、考试时间60分钟，试卷满分100分。

2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3、答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、学校。

4、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

一、单项选择题（共20小题，每小题3分,满分60分。

）1.以下能够体现国家政权履行公共服务职能的是A.2017年市政府已改造四十家农村薄弱养老机构，提升养老机构服务能级B.2018年中共中央特别关注提高农村民生保障水平，塑造美丽乡村新风貌C.2017年国务院部署扩大和升级信息消费，释放内需潜力培育发展新动力2.党的十八大以来，国家主席习近平着眼于实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，鲜明提出党在新形势下的强军目标。

要实现强军目标首先要A.坚持党的领导B.坚持科技强军C.坚持依法治军3.十三届全国人大一次会议审议并批准了国务院机构改革方案，这是在行使A.最高监督权B.最高立法权C.最高决定权4.第十三届全国人民代表大会第一次会议表决宪法修正案草案，采用无记名投票方式，以全体代表的三分之二以上赞成票通过。

这充分说明我国国家机构运行的原则是A.民主集中制原则B.少数服从多数原则C.实行平等原则5.依据《上海市烟花爆竹安全管理条例》，2018年春节期间，上海市继续强化烟花爆竹销售的源头管理，严格经营许可、严控市场投放总量、严格销售现场管理等。

上海市的做法体现了A.有法可依B.有法必依C.违法必究6.依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略，依法治国首先是A.完善法律制度B.依宪法治国C.维护法制权威7.国家处理台湾问题的基本方针是A.建立互信、搁置争议B.求同存异、共创双赢C.和平统一、一国两制8.公民有序的政治参与是人民当家作主的重要体现，公民进行政治参与的最重要、最直接、最广泛的政治权利是依法参与A.民主选举B.民主决策C.民主管理9.某知名面包糕点企业，使用价格更低的肉粉松为原料制作面包，却以肉松面包的名义对外宣传和销售。

闵行区2017-2018学年第一学期期末考质量监测高三年级历史学科试卷2018.1考生注意：1．考试时间60分钟，试卷满分100分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答题必须写在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

4．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

一、选择题（共40分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案）1．回顾人类从早期游徙不定到定居生活的转变过程，最具决定性意义的一步是A．谷物种植B．房屋建造C．陶器制作D．牲畜饲养2．“构成中国的内聚性的又一重要因素是，存在着一种可追溯到数千年前、最古老的商朝的书面语。

”句中“商朝的书面语”具体指A．甲骨文B．大篆C．小篆D．隶书3．“周幽王烽火戏诸侯”、“孔子周游列国”，以下与“诸侯”、“列国”相关的制度是A．禅让制B．世袭制C．分封制D．郡县制4．孔子思想中主张以爱人之心调解和谐社会人际关系的是①“仁者爱人”②贵贱有“序”③“己所不欲，勿施于人”④“有教无类”A．①②B．①③C．①④D．②④5．秦始皇建立的封建专制主义中央集权制度的基本特征是A．确立皇权至高无上B．最高统治者称皇帝C．地方实行郡县制D．中央三公九卿等官职6．通经致用，普及儒家教化并获得巨大成功的第一人是A．孔子B．孟子C．秦始皇D．汉武帝7．图示法是历史学习的一种好方法。

下面那幅图直观反应了三国鼎立的形势A B C D8．“它排除了丞相个人专断，相权过大威胁皇权而出现的政治危机，而且增强了决策施政的程序性和合理性，提高了行政效率。

”材料中的“它”是指A．西汉郡国并行制度B．唐朝三省六部制度C．元朝的行省制度D．明朝的内阁制度9．下图为《元朝疆域图》，其中宣政院管辖的地区是A．①B．②C．③D．④10．“利玛窦是天主教在中国传教的开拓者之一，同时也是18世纪以来第一位阅读中国文学并对中国典籍进行钻研的西方学者，被尊称为‘泰西儒士’”。

[2018第一学期高三期末考试政治试卷及答案]2018期末考试试卷及答案2018的高三第一学期期末考试已经过去了，政治的试卷相信大家都考得很好，答案已经整理好了。

快来校对吧。

下面由小编为大家提供关于2018第一学期高三期末考试政治试卷及答案，希望对大家有帮助!2018第一学期高三期末考试政治试卷选择题一、单项选择题(本题有30小题，每小题2分，共60分。

)1. 下图反映的是一定时期某种商品供求量(Q轴)随价格(P轴)变化的情况。

其中，曲线D为需求曲线，曲线S为供给曲线，两曲线交点为E，E点对应的价格与数量分别是P0和Q0。

下列判断正确的是①当P=P0时，该商品供求平衡②当P>P0时，该商品处于买方市场③当P④当Q=Q0时，该商品价格保持稳定A. ①③B.③④C.①②D.②④2. 春节前夕，正值人们兴致勃勃购买年货的当口，个别国际零售业巨无霸超市涉嫌价格欺诈的丑闻，引起了舆论和民众的谴责。

国际零售业巨无霸超市的上述行为给我国商品销售者的警示是A.明确企业兼并战略B.坚持企业经营目的C.严格遵守市场规则D.提高自主创新能力3. 2 011年9月22日是世界无车日，也是第五个中国城市无车日，今年中国城市无车日的主题是绿色交通，城市未来。

这一主题倡导的是A.减少家庭支出，勤俭节约B.增强科技创新能力C.转变生活方式，绿色消费D.转变经济发展方式4. 近年来，我国一些地方出现了用工荒。

下列对当前用工荒原因分析正确的是①计划生育基本国策每年新出生人口逐年减少劳动年龄人口减少②加大支农惠农力度农业生产比较效益超过其他产业农民返乡从事农业生产③产业结构优化升级第三产业在国民经济中的比重超过第一、第二产业吸引大量劳动力④劳动者合法权益得不到有效保护影响农民外出打工的积极性劳动力供给减少A.①②B.①③C.①④D.②③5.新农保实行个人缴费、集体补助、政府补贴相结合的筹资结构。

政府补贴分为两部分：一是政府财政对符合领取条件的参保人全额支付基础养老金;二是地方财政对农民缴费给予补贴。

闵行区2018学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试物理试卷试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。

本考试分设试卷和答题纸。

试卷包括三大部分，第一部分为单项选择题，第二部分为填空题，第三部分为综合题。

一、单项选择题（共40分，1至8题每小题3分，9至12题每小题4分。

每小题只有一个正确选项）1.下列物理量中属于矢量的是D（A ）温度 （B ）重力势能 （C ） 电流强度 （D ）电场强度 2.下列单位，属于国际单位制中基本单位的是B（A ）牛顿 （B ）开尔文 （C ）焦耳 （D ）特斯拉 3.如图所示，小明将一个小球轻轻放置在列车中的水平桌面上，若小球相对桌面C （A ）静止，可知列车在匀速前进 （B ）向前运动，可知列车在加速前进 （C ）向前运动，可知列车在减速前进 （D ）向后运动，可知列车在减速前进4.让矿泉水瓶绕自身中心轴转动起来，带动瓶中水一起高速稳定旋转时，水面形状接近图D5.在“用单分子油膜估测分子的大小”实验中，下列对实验过程的分析正确的是D （A ）测量一滴油酸酒精溶液体积用的是微小量放大法 （B ）在水面上撒痱子粉是为了使油膜边缘形成规则形状 （C ）在坐标纸上计算油膜轮廓内格子数采用的是比值法 （D ）该实验采用的是借助物理模型间接测量的方法6.复兴号高铁从虹桥站开出，可看作初速度为零的匀加速直线运动，在此过程列车的动能B（A ）与它所经历的时间成正比 （B ）与它的位移成正比（A ）（B ）（C ）（D ）前后（C ）与它的速度成正比 （D ）与它的加速度成正比7.某同学找了一个用过的“易拉罐”，在罐体的侧面打了一个洞，用手指按住洞，向罐中装满水，然后将“易拉罐”竖直向上抛出，空气阻力不计，则D （A ）“易拉罐”上升的过程中，洞中射出的水速度越来越快 （B ）“易拉罐”下降的过程中，洞中射出的水速度越来越快 （C ）“易拉罐”上升、下降的过程中，洞中射出的水速度都不变 （D ）“易拉罐”上升、下降的过程中，水不会从洞中射出8.甲、乙两汽车在同一条平直公路上同向运动，其速度—时间图像如图中甲、乙两条曲线所示。

2017-2018学年上海市奉贤区高三（上）期末政治试卷(J)副标题一、选择题（本大题共19小题，共19.0分）1.十九大报告深刻指出，发展社会主义民主政治就是要体现人民意志、保障人民权益、激发人民创造活力，用制度体系保证人民当家作主。

人民当家作主是我国政权的（）A. 判断标志B. 本质所在C. 科学表述【答案】B【解析】AC不符合题意，与题意主旨无关，排除；B适合题意，中华人民共和国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家。

人民民主专政是我国的国体，也是我国社会主义制度中最根本的制度。

人民民主专政的本质是人民当家作主；故选：B。

本题考查：我国的国家性质我国宪法规定，中华人民共和国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家。

人民民主专政是我国的国体，也是我国社会主义制度中最根本的制度。

本题考查学生提取信息、调动所学知识理解和解决问题的能力，解答该题要紧扣题目内容进行判断和选择，正确理解人民民主专政的本质是保证人民当家做主。

2.人大代表与人民之间的关系是代表与被代表、受委托与委托的关系，这种关系的成立必须经过（）A. 群众评议B. 到期换届C. 民主选举【答案】C【解析】A说法错误，人大代表不是由群众评议产生的；B不合题意，人大代表与人民之间的关系成立不一定要经过到期换届；C符合题意，我国各级人民代表大会的代表都是由选民直接或间接民主选举产生，因此人大代表与人民之间的关系是代表与被代表、受委托与委托的关系，这种关系的成立必须经过民主选举。

故选：C。

本题考查：我国的选举制度及其选举方式我国各级人民代表大会的代表，由民主选举产生。

人大代表产生的方式有两种：全国、省、自治区、直辖市和设区的市、自治州的人民代表大会的代表由下一级人民代表大会选出；县、自治县、不设区的市、市辖区、乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会的代表由选民直接选举产生考查学生提取信息、调动所学知识理解和解决问题的能力。

2017.12.27 考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分.2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷共12页。

所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分.3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写考生号和姓名.Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation , a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read die four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a gas station B. At a gas stationC. In a park.D. In an emergency room.2. A. Clean the backyard. B. Washing something.C. Sit in the backyard.D. Do some shopping.3. A. He finds his present job boring. B. He is too foolish to do the present job.C. lie has got a beer position.D. He doesn’t get on well with the others4. A. She has a tight schedule. B. She has lost interest in sports.C. The training is too hard.D. She is only interested ill routine work.5. A. Rules restricting smoking. B. Ways to quit smoking.C. Smokers’ health problems.D. Dangers of smoking6. A. He's going to visit a photo studio. B. He's just had his picture taken.C. He's on the way to the theater.D. He's just returned from a job interview.7. A. He had to reject their request. B. He felt sorry for the other students.C. He agreed to consider their requestD. He regretted that he had said “Yes".8. A. She is trying to find a good-looking chair.B. She thinks it is a well-designed chair.C. She thinks the chair is actually comfortable.D. She's never sat in that chair before.9. A. She used to be in poor health. B. She was popular among boysC. She was somewhat overweightD. She didn’t do well at high school10. A. Review the details of all her lessons B. Compare notes with his classmatesC. Talk with her about his learning problems.D. Focus on the main points of her lectures Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The excitement of nerve activities in the brain.B. The difference between complex music and simple music.C. The effects of music on the results of math tests.D. The classical music and reasoning ability.12. A. Because it stimulates your nerve activity.B. Because it keeps you calmC. Because it strengthens your memory.D. Because it interferes your reasoning ability.13. A. Rock music might help improve your math test scoresB. The effects of music on tests do not last long.C. Listen to music just before you take a testD. The more you listen to music, the better your reasoning ability will beQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is the most unlucky day in a year. B. It is the busiest shopping day now.C. It is the day after ThanksgivingD. It is the day before Christmas.15. A. Check out the latest price reduction online.B. Look round for items in the physical stores.C. Order the products from the online stores.D. Wait in queue outside the stores overnight.16. A. 100 million dollars. B. 670 million dollars. C. 20 billion dollars. D. 25 billion dollarsQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A Their attitudes about work B. Different forms of work.C. Importance of work for oneself.D. Balanced life and work.18. A. The most hopeful. B. The most challenging..C. The most creative.D. The most enjoyable.19. A. His negative attitude towards work.B. His unwillingness to do something for others.C. His selfishness in doing things.D. His misunderstanding about publishing work20. A. The work is worth doing if it is challenging and competitive.B. The work should be very creative leading to a wonder.C. One should like his work and stick to it as long as he takes it.D One should find satisfaction in his work if it is necessary.ⅡGrammar and Vocabulary'Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blankHonesty, my mum always used to tell me, is the best policy. But when it comes to medicine, I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients. After all, the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential, or so I thought.him as she gave a detailed history. "Has he lost any weight recently?" I asked, "Well, it's funny you should mention that, but yes." She said slowly. There was silence for a few moments. "Why? What are you worried about?" she asked. She was obviously very involved in his care and it wasbriefly about some of the tests I was going to order.Half an hour later, a nurse called me: "Mr. McMahon's daughter broke down－she said you told her he had cancer." My heart sank. By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed 25 he had cancer. I stood silently at the end of the bed. My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr. McMahon, she turned to me. "Why on earth did you do that?" she asked in disbelief. I looked at her and bit my lip. "She asked me what I was worried about and I told her." I said, hanging my head. "And give her more 26 (worry) about?" replied my consultant. "You don't say the word 'cancer' until it's confirmed. 27 you suspect it, think very carefully before you tell people."As it turned out, it wasn't cancer. But I did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one they're sometimes selective in 29 they hear－and as a doctor it's important to be mindful of this. In being truthful, I'd made the situation 30 (bad).Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How many times have parents had to ague with their young son or daughter about getting their face out of their phone and focusing on the world around them? It's completely normal for parents of growing children to be concerned about their child's safely, but is their 31 to social media really harming them.Social media was created to connect people with others online and has recently been added to smartphones, making it fat more accessible than it 32 was. This new way to easily be able to use social media has encouraged children and teens to begin to use sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram frequently. Maturing teens and children are usually very timid when it comes to 33 with their families, which they sometimes view as "annoying”. So, what do these kids use as a solution or a(n)“ 34 " The answer is simple social media.However when they use social media for a large amount of time, parents lend to show concern for their child and blame social media for 35 their attention.The word, "social", was entered into the term, social media, for a reason. Parents of growing teens don't seem to understand that. When they see their child using Twitter or Instagram they think that they using it to get away from real world 36 .The truth, however, is that they are using it to conned with their close friends, make new friends, and receive information about what is currently happening in the modem worldChildren and teens are 37 accused for using social media only for entertainment purposes and for huge amounts of time. Sure everyone who uses social media enjoys contacting their friends and viewing entertaining things, but how come children receive all of the 38 for abusing it? Parents should really think about how social media can help children and teens learn and grow in the real world rather than it just being another 39.Social media as a whole has both positive and negative aspects, but after all of the 40 from pre-teens, teens, and parents is put together, it shows that media is actually helping the newer generations in their lives.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Your boss tells you that you did a bad job. Your coworker criticizes you in front of your whole team. Ouch! It's not easy to take criticism, no matter who it comes from. But, it is easy to _41_ the blow when you offer criticism to someone in English. Merely by altering your wording and your attitude, you can help someone grow instead of making them feel 42.Phrases like "You’re wrong! ” and “Your presentation was terrible!" have no place ineffective 43. In fact, it's best to leave the word "you" out, if at all possible. 44 attacks make people feel defective, and then they won't really listen to anything you have to say.Before starting with the criticism, warm the person up with 45 .If you are discussing their work, find several things you truly like about what they have done. For example, "I enjoyed your presentation today. You presented a lot of good and helpful information in it, and I can tell you put a lot of effort into it. I appreciate your hard work." This will lower their 46 and make them feel appreciated.However, a short 47 compliment followed by "but" such as “It was a helpful talk, but you really need to improve your presentation skills" won't do much to help the process. After you’ve shared your compliments, allow them time to be 48 . As a matter of fact, 49 following your compliment with a “,but” will destroy all you've tried lo accomplish by making your 50 seem false and insincere.Remember that the goal of constructive criticism isn’t to make the person feel terrible: it's to help them grow. Instead of directly 51 the person, try to get the message through to them in the form of light-hearted advice. Phrases like. "Next time you might want to…” or “I find it helpful to " can 52 the blame while still leaving an impact: "Next time you might want to give a little more attention to the audience. I find it helpful to look people in the eyes while I am speaking"People can't change overnight, especially if they don’t get detailed 53. As you might have known, 54 saying “you need to work on your presentation skills “won’t help a soul! Be detailed in your advice! Show moderation when you criticize anyone and keep in your mind that over-criticism can easily 55 people. Remember, you want them to keep trying and improving. Don't leave them feeling defeated'41. A. suffer B. accept C. soft D. ignore42. A defeated B encouraged C. motivated D. disturbed43. A. discussion B. argument C. explanation D. criticism44. A. Immediate B. Personal C. Accurate D. Continuous45. A. interactions B. impressions C. personalities D. compliments46. A. defense B spirit C. moral D. position47. A. decisive B. serious C. vague D. concrete48. A. corrected B. challenged C. debated D. absorbed49. A. carefully B. reluctantly C. immediately D. occasionally50. A. praise B. attitude C. assistance D. achievement51. A. helping B. accusing C. praising D. dismissing52. A. make up B. focus on C. lead to D. take away53. A. command B. comment C. instruction D. information54. A. sincerely B. simply C. politely D. unwillingly55. A. overload B promote C. inspire D simulate Section BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements .For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage your have just read.(A)Korean Americans at GBS High .SchoolGlenbrook South (GBS) High School is in a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is an award-winning school with a highly competent teaching staff. It has over 400 Asian Pacific .American students-over 17 percent of die students in the school. Of these, the majority are Korean American. This is very unusual in a state where Korean Americans are less than 1 percent of the population. The interactions of the Korean American students at UBS were the subject of an article in Asian Week magazine.Different Korean American students react differently to being in a high school were most students are white. Professor Pyong Gap Min, an expert on Korean life in America, believes that Korean Americans in this situation can sometimes feel inhibited or ashamed of their Korean identity. Asian Week interviewed a number of GBS students, and each had a different attitude. Alice 18 years oldI used to spend time only with Korean American friends Although I felt secure with those friends, I found myself motivated to form closer relationship with non-Koreans, too. I felt I was missing out on new experiences and challenges.Paul 16 years oldI have some Korean American friends, but I spend most of my time with white friends. I’m often the only Asian American in the group, but I don’t mind. What I like about the white cultureis that I can be more radical. I can be as loud and funny as I want to be. I don’t see as much of that among the Asian students.John 17 years oldIn junior high school, most of my friends were white. After coming to GBS, my sense of my Korean American identity was restored, and I decided to have mainly Korean American friends. I feel that my Korean American friends and I mainly understand each other better. For example, we understand about severe parental pressures to succeed at school; I felt my white friends couldn’t really understand.Without belittle(轻视）the importance of what these students had to say, it’s imp ortant to remember that their opinions at this phase of their lives ate bound to change as they grow into adulthood. But these honest opinions can help us better understand issues of culture relations, and their honesty might help Americans from different cultural groups to get along better in the future.56. The passage mainly discusses .A. how Korean American students interact among themselves and with othersB. why Illinois is a very special stateC. how an Illinois high school welcomes Korean American studentsD. different opinions of the friends of Korean American students57. Which statement best summarizes Alice's attitude?A. She feels that her white friends don’t really understand herB. She likes her Korean American friends but wants to have non-Korean friends too.C. She feels she is missing out on experiences with her Korean American fiends.D. She doesn’t fe el secure in her relationships with non-Koreans.58. The underlined word “radical” most probably means" "A. timidB. expressiveC. considerateD. sensitive(B)The documentary Blood Lions shows South Africa's cruel "canned' lion hunting industry. In canned hunts, lions are raised by humans and kept in enclosed spaces on private hunting areas. Hunters can get trophy （战利品）easily in exchange for fees of up to $50, 000. There are about 8,000 ranch lions in South Africa. So the country’s hunt operators can make a fortune.Ian Michler was a lead character in the film. He talked about Blood Lions last July when itwas shown in Durban, South Africa. The film has since been viewed in 185 countries. More than 50 screenings have been held at film festivals and in meetings of special interest groups. This year, Blood Lions will be shown at every major tourism conference in Europe and Africa.Outside the film, Michler and the team are running a global campaign. They are aiming at ending canned hunts and other cold-blooded activities involving lions and other animals.Australia became the first country, in February 2015, to forbid imports of lion trophies. It was followed by France in November, That month, Blood Lions was shown in the European Parliament. As a result, the government of Finland, Italy, and Spain decided to hold their own screenings. There are a number of other countries likely to do the same.At the same time, at the end of last year, the world's leading group of African lion researchers offered an important suggestion They advised that any analysis of the present state of wild lions in South Africa should not include its thousands of ranch lions. Wild lions in South Africa now number some 3, 000. There are around 20,000 wild lions in Africa."The great majority of lion populations in Africa have been reduced,” says Hans Bauer, lion researcher at Oxford University Wildlife Conservation Research Unit. 'It's important to stress that South Africa's ranch lions are horror that has nothing to do with lion protection. These lions should never be taken into account in any serious analysis of the state of lions in Africa."59. What do we learn about the documentary Blood Lions?A. It has an international influence.B. It has attracted many tourists.C. It tell the story of a lion fighter.D. It has brought the producer lots of money60. Michler and his team's campaign .A. was first started in AustraliaB. has won little support in EuropeC. has achieved noticeable effectsD. aims to save endangered animals61. What can we infer about Hans Bauer?A .He suggests analyzing lions properly.B. He has seen an increase of African wild lionsC. He maybe a strong supporter of trophy hunting.D. He hopes that there will be more ranch lions in Africa.62. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain the main idea of a new film.B. To report an animal protection campaignC. To encourage fanners lo raise ranch lions.D. To advertise South Africa's hunting industry.(C)One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. "One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states." said Nellie Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town.In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions was the 1994 "Toubon Law" in France, but the idea has been copied in many countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often dismissed as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficultly in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the “purity” of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but there has not been a barrier to acquiring prestige and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France.The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon—especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessary take over too many fields. Public communication, education and new modes of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields lo defend63. Neville Alexander believes that?A. mother-tongue education is not practiced in all African countriesB. globalization has resulted in the economic failure of AfricaC. globalization has led to the rise of multi-language trendsD. lack of mother-tongue education can lead to economic failure64. The under lined word ”futile'' (in paragraph 2) most probably means “”.A. workableB. practicalC. uselessD. unnecessary65. Why do many English-speaking countries not support the language protection efforts described in the passage?A. They think language protection laws are ineffective.B. They want their language to spread to other countries.C. They have a long history of taking words from other languages.D. It reduces a language's ability to acquire international importance66. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. English has taken over fields like public communication and educationB. Many sheets of national culture are threatened by the spread of English.C. Most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language.D. Europeans have long realized the need to protect their national languages.Section CDirections: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once .Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merelyaccomplished is not IQ, a generally bad predictor' of success. 68 Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you'd take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or shared the same birthday.68 It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success, Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field. She’d able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error focused. By practising in this way, site delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repealing, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems-how do I get characters into a room-dozens and dozens of times. 69The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It's the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we're "hardwired" to do. And it's true that genes play a role in our capabilities. 70 We construct ourselves through behaviour.Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.California condors are North American’s largest birds, will wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona,Utah and Baja in Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead.This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 这个专家所推荐的方法被证明是十分有效的。